CN113100016A - Horticultural crop growth substrate and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Horticultural crop growth substrate and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113100016A CN113100016A CN202110449890.4A CN202110449890A CN113100016A CN 113100016 A CN113100016 A CN 113100016A CN 202110449890 A CN202110449890 A CN 202110449890A CN 113100016 A CN113100016 A CN 113100016A
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- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 8
- 241000609240 Ambelania acida Species 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000010905 bagasse Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 240000000111 Saccharum officinarum Species 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 235000007201 Saccharum officinarum Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229920002522 Wood fibre Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000002025 wood fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000010612 desalination reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims description 16
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000011033 desalting Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011550 stock solution Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005987 sulfurization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001963 growth medium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000605222 Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000605272 Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001817 Agar Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000061456 Solanum tuberosum Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000002595 Solanum tuberosum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 241001509286 Thiobacillus denitrificans Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008272 agar Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010216 calcium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
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- 238000003113 dilution method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011389 fruit/vegetable juice Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006479 redox reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
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- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 208000035143 Bacterial infection Diseases 0.000 claims 1
- 208000031888 Mycoses Diseases 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
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- 244000052616 bacterial pathogen Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 abstract 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000029219 regulation of pH Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 244000060011 Cocos nucifera Species 0.000 description 4
- 235000013162 Cocos nucifera Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010903 husk Substances 0.000 description 4
- 240000009088 Fragaria x ananassa Species 0.000 description 3
- 244000284380 Hibiscus rosa sinensis Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000000664 Rosa chinensis Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 240000000851 Vaccinium corymbosum Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000003095 Vaccinium corymbosum Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000017537 Vaccinium myrtillus Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000021014 blueberries Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000016623 Fragaria vesca Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000011363 Fragaria x ananassa Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241000220317 Rosa Species 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229940050561 matrix product Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000109329 Rosa xanthina Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000004789 Rosa xanthina Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
- A01G24/23—Wood, e.g. wood chips or sawdust
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
- A01G24/15—Calcined rock, e.g. perlite, vermiculite or clay aggregates
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
- A01G24/25—Dry fruit hulls or husks, e.g. chaff or coir
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
- A01G24/27—Pulp, e.g. bagasse
Abstract
The invention discloses a horticultural crop growth substrate and a preparation method thereof, and is characterized in that the substrate comprises: wood fiber, crushed leaf material, bagasse, sugar cane peel and perlite; the weight ratio is as follows: 10-15% of wood fiber, 10-15% of crushed leaf, 50-60% of bagasse, 20-30% of sugarcane peel and 10-15% of perlite; after the substrate is subjected to the preparation steps of desalination, desugaring, pH regulation, water control and the like, the risk of the plants infected by germs can be reduced, and the disease rate is reduced; promoting plant rooting and nutrient absorption, and being beneficial to improving yield and quality.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of agricultural planting, and particularly relates to a horticultural crop growth substrate and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The substrate cultivation is a short name of solid substrate cultivation plants, a soilless cultivation mode that the root systems of the plants are fixed by the solid substrates and nutrient solution and oxygen are absorbed by the substrates is adopted, and the substrate cultivation of horticultural crops is gradually popularized due to the advantages of labor saving, water and fertilizer saving, high quality, high efficiency, environmental protection and the like;
the Chinese rose is an ornamental plant and can also be used as a medicinal plant, water, oxygen and nutrients are most needed in the cultivation process of the Chinese rose, and the cultivation of the Chinese rose is suitable for the subacid soil; as for the substrates on the market at present, the gaps of the substrates are too dense, which is not beneficial to water absorption, the sugar content is higher, conditions are created for the propagation and growth of microorganisms such as bacteria, and the water retention and fertilizer retention are poorer.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a horticultural crop growth substrate and a method for preparing the same, the horticultural crop growth substrate is characterized by comprising: wood fiber, crushed leaf material, bagasse, sugar cane peel and perlite; the weight ratio is as follows: 10-15% of wood fiber, 10-15% of crushed leaf, 50-60% of bagasse, 20-30% of sugarcane peel and 10-15% of perlite;
the bagasse is used after fermentation;
further, the bagasse fermentation step comprises:
(1) squeezing fresh sugarcane to dry the juice, and taking the sugarcane bagasse for later use;
(2) crushing bagasse into particles with specified particle size by a crusher;
(3) removing impurities from bagasse particles, sieving the bagasse particles, and screening bagasse with excessively large or excessively small particle size;
(4) adding a decomposing agent into the sieved bagasse and uniformly stirring;
(5) stacking the sugarcane residues in a clean and dry place for stack retting fermentation;
(6) after fermenting for half a month, air-drying to obtain fermented bagasse;
another object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a horticultural crop growth substrate, which comprises the steps of:
the method comprises the following steps: preparing raw materials: sorting and primary screening the raw materials, and screening out impurities and sand grains;
step two: crushing and mixing: crushing the raw materials screened in the step one, and mixing to obtain a raw matrix;
step three: desalting: adding CaNO3 solution into the crushed and uniformly mixed original matrix and uniformly stirring by using a stirrer;
step four: and (3) desugarizing: the original substrate after desalting is preliminarily sterilized and disinfected to manufacture an oxygen-free environment, and the oxygen-free environment is sealed for lactic acid fermentation;
step five: deodorizing: adding sulfuration bacteria into the desugarized original matrix, and carrying out redox reaction with odor substance H2S in the original matrix to eliminate the peculiar smell generated by H2S;
step six: and (3) disinfection and sterilization: putting the original substrate into a clean stainless steel storage barrel, introducing 70 ℃ water vapor mixed with air into the original substrate, and treating for one hour;
step seven: screening: screening the original substrate by using a full-automatic screening machine according to the particle size standard of 1-20 mm;
step eight: controlling the water content: and (3) putting the screened original substrate into a drying dryer for moisture drying, and drying the original substrate until the moisture content is 20-40%.
Step nine: and (3) re-detecting fungi and bacteria: sampling the raw materials with well controlled moisture, and culturing, counting and detecting the fungi and bacteria in the raw materials by using a dilution method;
step ten: briquetting: putting the original matrix into a mold of 150mm x 300mm, and pressing into blocks by using the pressure of 5WPsk-20WPsk to obtain a finished matrix product;
further, the CaNO3 solution added in the third step reacts with NaCl in the original substrate to achieve the aim of desalting, wherein Na + in the solution is reduced to be lower than 0.3mmoL/L, and Cl + in the solution is reduced to be lower than 0.5 mmoL/L; reducing the overall EC value to less than 0.2 ms/cm;
furthermore, in the fourth step, the anaerobic fermentation temperature is 33-38 ℃, the fermentation time is 10-15 h, and the sugar content is reduced to be lower than 1% after the lactic acid fermentation desugarization; adjusting the pH value of the desugarized primordium to 5.5-6.5 in the fermented CaCO3 solution;
furthermore, the sulfuration bacteria added in the fifth step are one or more of thiobacillus thiooxidans, thiobacillus ferrooxidans and thiobacillus denitrificans;
further, the bacterial fungus detection method in the step nine comprises the following steps:
(1) taking 50g of a matrix sample, adding pure distilled water, and fully stirring to fully dissolve the matrix and the distilled water;
(2) filtering the mixed solution in the step (1) to obtain a primary matrix dilution solution;
(3) adding pure distilled water into the primary substrate dilution liquid obtained in the step (2) again to dilute by 100 times to obtain a diluted stock solution;
(4) inoculating the diluted stock solution in the step (3) to a potato glucose agar culture medium for culturing for one week;
(5) after one week, the number of colonies on the medium was identified and counted.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the substrate prepared by the preparation method provided by the invention is desalted, so that the EC (soluble salt concentration) value of the substrate is reduced to be lower than 0.2ms/cm, and the space for preparing fertilizer is favorably increased; the sugar content is reduced to be less than 1% through desugaring, the growth of microorganisms in the matrix can be inhibited through low sugar content, the bacteriostatic action is achieved, and the risk of the plants infected by fungi or bacteria can be greatly reduced; the substrate is dried to achieve the aim of controlling the moisture proportion, and the mildew and the rot caused by overhigh moisture can be prevented in the transportation process; the substrate is used for crop cultivation, root growth and nutrient absorption can be promoted, crop yield can be improved, and the substrate sinking phenomenon can not occur in the cultivation process.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is described in detail and completely with reference to the following embodiments, which are only a part of, but not all, embodiments of the present invention;
examples
A horticultural crop growth substrate, comprising: wood fiber, crushed leaf material, bagasse, sugar cane peel and perlite; the weight ratio is as follows: 10% of wood fiber, 10% of crushed leaf material, 50% of bagasse, 20% of sugarcane peel and 10% of perlite;
the bagasse is used after fermentation, and the fermentation steps of the bagasse are as follows:
(1) squeezing fresh sugarcane to dry the juice, and taking the sugarcane bagasse for later use;
(2) crushing bagasse into particles with specified particle size by a crusher;
(3) removing impurities from bagasse particles, sieving the bagasse particles, and screening bagasse with excessively large or excessively small particle size;
(4) adding a decomposing agent into the sieved bagasse and uniformly stirring;
(5) stacking the sugarcane residues in a clean and dry place for stack retting fermentation;
(6) after fermenting for half a month, air-drying to obtain fermented bagasse;
a horticultural crop growth substrate is prepared by the steps of:
the method comprises the following steps: preparing raw materials: sorting and primary screening the raw materials, and screening out impurities and sand grains;
step two: crushing and mixing: crushing the raw materials screened in the step one, and mixing to obtain a raw matrix;
step three: desalting: adding CaNO3 solution into the crushed and uniformly mixed original matrix and uniformly stirring by using a stirrer;
step four: and (3) desugarizing: the original substrate after desalting is preliminarily sterilized and disinfected to manufacture an oxygen-free environment, and the oxygen-free environment is sealed for lactic acid fermentation;
step five: deodorizing: adding sulfuration bacteria into the desugarized original matrix, and carrying out redox reaction with odor substance H2S in the original matrix to eliminate the peculiar smell generated by H2S;
step six: and (3) disinfection and sterilization: putting the original substrate into a clean stainless steel storage barrel, introducing 70 ℃ water vapor mixed with air into the original substrate, and treating for one hour;
step seven: screening: screening the original substrate by using a full-automatic screening machine according to the particle size standard of 1-20 mm;
step eight: controlling the water content: and (3) putting the screened original substrate into a drying dryer for moisture drying, and drying the original substrate until the moisture content is 20-40%.
Step nine: and (3) re-detecting fungi and bacteria: sampling the raw materials with well controlled moisture, and culturing, counting and detecting the fungi and bacteria in the raw materials by using a dilution method;
step ten: briquetting: putting the original matrix into a mold of 150mm x 300mm, and pressing into blocks by using the pressure of 5WPsk-20WPsk to obtain a finished matrix product;
the CaNO3 solution added in the third step reacts with NaCl in the original matrix to achieve the aim of desalination, wherein Na + in the solution is reduced to be less than 0.3mmoL/L, and Cl + in the solution is reduced to be less than 0.5 mmoL/L; reducing the overall EC value to less than 0.2 ms/cm; the EC (soluble salt concentration) value is reduced, so that the fertilizer preparation space of the matrix can be improved;
in the fourth step, the anaerobic fermentation temperature is 35 ℃, the fermentation time is 12 hours, and the sugar content is reduced to be lower than 1 percent after the lactic acid fermentation desugarization; in a sealed and oxygen-free environment, sugar substances in the original matrix can be subjected to anaerobic glycolysis to generate lactic acid, so that the aim of desugarization is fulfilled, but due to the generation of the lactic acid, the whole original matrix is over-acidic, and the pH value of the desugarized original matrix is adjusted to 5.5-6.5 in a fermented CaCO3 solution;
the sulfuration bacteria added in the fifth step are one or more of thiobacillus thiooxidans, thiobacillus ferrooxidans and thiobacillus denitrificans;
the bacterial fungus detection method in the step nine comprises the following steps:
(1)50g of matrix sample is added with pure distilled water for fully stirring, so that the matrix and the distilled water are fully dissolved;
(2) filtering the mixed solution in the step (1) to obtain a primary matrix dilution solution;
(3) adding pure distilled water into the primary substrate dilution liquid obtained in the step (2) again to dilute by 100 times to obtain a diluted stock solution;
(4) inoculating the diluted stock solution in the step (3) to a potato glucose agar culture medium for culturing for one week;
(5) after one week, the number of colonies on the medium was identified and counted.
The primordium after fungus and bacteria detection can be subjected to final finished product pressing if the colony number of fungus and bacteria meets the standard.
The medium prepared by the preparation method is used for cultivating roses, strawberries and blueberries respectively; coconut husk substrate is used for cultivating the same rose, strawberry and blueberry; after a whole growth period, the A, B-grade rose cultivated by the medium is improved by 8 percent compared with a coconut husk medium; the dry weight of single strawberry fruit is increased by 12 percent compared with that of coconut husk matrix; the dry weight of the single blueberry fruit is increased by 10% compared with that of the coconut husk matrix; and the substrate does not sink when the invention is used.
In the description herein, references to the description of "one embodiment," "an example," "a specific example" or the like are intended to mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
The preferred embodiments of the invention disclosed above are intended to be illustrative only. The preferred embodiments are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise embodiments disclosed. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and the practical application, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.
Claims (7)
1. A horticultural crop growth substrate, comprising: wood fiber, crushed leaf material, bagasse, sugar cane peel and perlite; the weight ratio is as follows: 10-15% of wood fiber, 10-15% of crushed leaf, 50-60% of bagasse, 20-30% of sugarcane peel and 10-15% of perlite;
the bagasse is used after fermentation.
2. A horticultural crop growth medium in accordance with claim 1, characterised in that the bagasse fermentation step is:
(1) squeezing fresh sugarcane to dry the juice, and taking the sugarcane bagasse for later use;
(2) crushing bagasse into particles with specified particle size by a crusher;
(3) removing impurities from bagasse particles, sieving the bagasse particles, and screening bagasse with excessively large or excessively small particle size;
(4) adding a decomposing agent into the sieved bagasse and uniformly stirring;
(5) stacking the sugarcane residues in a clean and dry place for stack retting fermentation;
(6) after fermenting for half a month, air drying to obtain the fermented bagasse.
3. A method of preparing a horticultural crop growth substrate as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 2, including the steps of:
the method comprises the following steps: preparing raw materials: sorting and primary screening the raw materials, and screening out impurities and sand grains;
step two: crushing and mixing: crushing the raw materials screened in the step one, and mixing to obtain a raw matrix;
step three: desalting: adding CaNO3 solution into the crushed and uniformly mixed original matrix and uniformly stirring by using a stirrer;
step four: and (3) desugarizing: the original substrate after desalting is preliminarily sterilized and disinfected to manufacture an oxygen-free environment, and the oxygen-free environment is sealed for lactic acid fermentation;
step five: deodorizing: adding sulfuration bacteria into the desugarized original matrix, and carrying out redox reaction with odor substance H2S in the original matrix to eliminate the peculiar smell generated by H2S;
step six: and (3) disinfection and sterilization: putting the original substrate into a clean stainless steel storage barrel, introducing 70 ℃ water vapor mixed with air into the original substrate, and treating for one hour;
step seven: screening: screening the original substrate by using a full-automatic screening machine according to the particle size standard of 1-20 mm;
step eight: controlling the water content: and (3) putting the screened original substrate into a drying dryer for moisture drying, and drying the original substrate until the moisture content is 20-40%.
Step nine: and (3) re-detecting fungi and bacteria: sampling the raw materials with well controlled moisture, and culturing, counting and detecting the fungi and bacteria in the raw materials by using a dilution method;
step ten: briquetting: putting the original matrix into a mold of 150mm x 300mm, and pressing into blocks by using the pressure of 5WPsk-20WPsk to obtain the finished matrix.
4. A method for preparing a horticultural crop growth substrate in accordance with claim 3, characterised in that the solution of CaNO3 added in step three reacts with NaCl in the original substrate to effect desalination in which Na + is reduced to less than 0.3mmoL/L and Cl + is reduced to less than 0.5 mmoL/L; the overall EC value was reduced to less than 0.2 ms/cm.
5. The method for preparing a horticultural crop growth substrate as claimed in claim 3, wherein in the fourth step, the anaerobic fermentation temperature is 33 ℃ to 38 ℃, the fermentation time is 10h to 15h, and the sugar content is reduced to less than 1% after the lactic acid fermentation desugaring; adjusting the pH value of the desugarized primordium to 5.5-6.5 in the fermented CaCO3 solution.
6. The method for preparing a horticultural crop growth substrate as claimed in claim 3, wherein the sulfurous bacteria added in step five are one or more of thiobacillus thiooxidans, thiobacillus ferrooxidans and thiobacillus denitrificans.
7. The method for preparing a horticultural crop growth substrate as claimed in claim 3, wherein the nine steps of the method for detecting bacterial and fungal diseases are as follows:
(1) taking 50g of a matrix sample, adding pure distilled water, and fully stirring to fully dissolve the matrix and the distilled water;
(2) filtering the mixed solution in the step (1) to obtain a primary matrix dilution solution;
(3) adding pure distilled water into the primary substrate dilution liquid obtained in the step (2) again to dilute by 100 times to obtain a diluted stock solution;
(4) inoculating the diluted stock solution in the step (3) to a potato glucose agar culture medium for culturing for one week;
(5) after one week, the number of colonies on the medium was identified and counted.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110449890.4A CN113100016A (en) | 2021-04-25 | 2021-04-25 | Horticultural crop growth substrate and preparation method thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110449890.4A CN113100016A (en) | 2021-04-25 | 2021-04-25 | Horticultural crop growth substrate and preparation method thereof |
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| CN113100016A true CN113100016A (en) | 2021-07-13 |
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| CN202110449890.4A Pending CN113100016A (en) | 2021-04-25 | 2021-04-25 | Horticultural crop growth substrate and preparation method thereof |
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Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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