CN113097584B - Continuous safe discharge method and device for waste lithium battery - Google Patents
Continuous safe discharge method and device for waste lithium battery Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN113097584B CN113097584B CN202110294016.8A CN202110294016A CN113097584B CN 113097584 B CN113097584 B CN 113097584B CN 202110294016 A CN202110294016 A CN 202110294016A CN 113097584 B CN113097584 B CN 113097584B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- conductive
- conveying belt
- waste lithium
- lithium batteries
- conductive conveying
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 205
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 205
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 186
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 78
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 88
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 87
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 83
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 83
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 56
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 229920000459 Nitrile rubber Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001973 fluoroelastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004636 vulcanized rubber Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 208000028659 discharge Diseases 0.000 abstract description 64
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000006258 conductive agent Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000010926 waste battery Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910009112 xH2O Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- DOIRQSBPFJWKBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibutyl phthalate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCCCC DOIRQSBPFJWKBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QDOXWKRWXJOMAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichromium trioxide Chemical compound O=[Cr]O[Cr]=O QDOXWKRWXJOMAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N ferrosoferric oxide Chemical compound O=[Fe]O[Fe]O[Fe]=O SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 2
- 231100001240 inorganic pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- -1 CL-1 Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- ADCOVFLJGNWWNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony trioxide Inorganic materials O=[Sb]O[Sb]=O ADCOVFLJGNWWNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013043 chemical agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013064 chemical raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UBEWDCMIDFGDOO-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt(II,III) oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Co+2].[Co+3].[Co+3] UBEWDCMIDFGDOO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011889 copper foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006056 electrooxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007770 graphite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910017053 inorganic salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron oxide Inorganic materials [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GELKBWJHTRAYNV-UHFFFAOYSA-K lithium iron phosphate Chemical compound [Li+].[Fe+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O GELKBWJHTRAYNV-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel(II) oxide Inorganic materials [Ni]=O GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000053 physical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/54—Reclaiming serviceable parts of waste accumulators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
- H01M10/6561—Gases
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/84—Recycling of batteries or fuel cells
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a continuous safe discharge method and a device for waste lithium batteries, wherein a feeding mechanism is adopted to feed a plurality of waste lithium batteries into a conductive conveying mechanism one by one, so that the waste lithium batteries are clamped between an upper conductive conveying belt and a lower conductive conveying belt which are arranged on the conductive conveying mechanism in a closed mode at equal intervals, the upper conductive conveying belt and the lower conductive conveying belt are driven to move by a conductive graphite pressing roller and a conductive graphite carrier roller which are arranged oppositely and are connected with an adjustable resistor, a current meter and a switch which are connected in series, a discharge loop is formed, and the waste lithium batteries are driven to move by the upper conductive conveying belt and the lower conductive conveying belt to complete a discharge process. The invention realizes the batch, continuous and automatic discharge treatment of the waste lithium batteries, greatly improves the discharge efficiency of the waste lithium batteries, can ensure that all the waste lithium batteries are completely and fully discharged, and has good discharge effect. The method has the advantages of simple process and low cost, avoids the defect of introducing new impurities by brine discharge in the mainstream market, and is green and environment-friendly.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of waste lithium battery recovery, and particularly relates to a continuous and safe discharge method and device for waste lithium batteries.
Background
With the increasing shortage of fossil resources and the urgent need for environmental protection, it has become widely recognized to develop electric vehicles to reduce resource consumption and environmental pollution. By 6 months in 2019, the inventory of the new energy automobiles in China is 344 thousands of automobiles, which account for 1.37 percent of the total quantity of the automobiles; wherein, the pure electric vehicles hold 281 ten thousands of vehicles, accounting for 81.74% of the total amount of the new energy vehicles. According to the average service life of the power battery measured and calculated in 5-8 years, China began to meet the coming-up of large-scale decommissioning tide of the power lithium iron phosphate battery in 2019. The recovery amount of the retired power battery reaches 25 GWH in 2020, and accounts for about 14.2% of the installed service total amount of the power battery. Internationally, a great deal of new energy automobiles in various countries and electronic consumer goods are rapidly increased, particularly, the demand of the electronic market and the electric vehicle market for lithium ion batteries is rapidly increased, the use amount of the lithium ion batteries is rapidly promoted to increase year by year, and the urgency of recycling and properly treating waste batteries is bound to be caused.
The waste lithium battery contains valuable metals such as nickel, cobalt, manganese, lithium and the like, has high recovery value and huge market space. At present, the lithium battery recovery technology is not mature, the lithium battery recovery market is far from reaching a saturated state, and the advantages and the key points of most enterprises focusing on the recovery and utilization of lithium batteries are mainly put in the technical field of chemical separation and purification of the recovered waste lithium batteries.
The retired lithium batteries have different energy residual amounts, so that the application field of the power lithium batteries can be widened through echelon recycling, the high-quality retired batteries can meet the application requirements of scenes such as peak clipping and valley filling of an energy storage system, a low-speed electric vehicle and a smart grid, the application benefits of the power lithium batteries are improved, and the retired period of part of the power lithium batteries is delayed; the waste lithium battery which cannot meet the requirement of the graded recycling of the retired lithium battery must be properly discharged and recycled, and the recycling and regeneration of the waste lithium battery form a closed loop of a material energy flow structure. However, the retired waste lithium batteries still have a certain amount of residual electricity, such as improper discharge treatment, explosion and combustion accidents are easily generated during the stacking and treatment processes of the batteries, and the explosion and combustion events of the waste lithium batteries occur frequently.
In the prior art, 3.0 to 8.0 percent of inorganic salt solution is mainly adopted for soaking the waste lithium batteries for 3 to 10 days, and the salt solution has good conductivity and safety,the method has wide sources and low price, can be used for multiple times, and adopts the saline solution to realize safe discharge of the waste lithium battery to become one of the widely adopted methods. However, the brine discharge also has a relatively serious problem of environmental pollution, such as generation of a large amount of hydrogen, chlorine, oxygen and the like, and a large amount of brine is carried out by gas and may float in the air to generate secondary pollution to the surrounding environment; after the brine is discharged for many times, the brine solution can generate serious electrochemical corrosion on a steel shell, an aluminum shell, a positive aluminum foil, a negative copper foil, a pole piece active substance, a pole lug and the like in the waste lithium battery, so that the brine solution is chemically dissolved into Fe in the brine solution2+, Fe3+, Ni2+, Cr3+, Cu2+, Al3+, Co2+, Co3+, Mn2+Etc. while also introducing large amounts of impurity anions such as CL-1, SO4 2-, NO3 -, CO3 2-And the like, the impurities, cations and anions, belong to dangerous waste and generate secondary pollution; meanwhile, the brine solution after multiple discharges often contains a large amount of brown flocculent precipitates, the main component of which is Fe3O4·xH2O，Fe2O3·xH2O, FeO·xH2O，Cr2O3·xH2O，NiO，Co3O4·xH2And O and the like, the impurity substances can be crushed and sorted along with the waste lithium battery, and then the positive and negative electrode mixture, namely black powder, is introduced, so that great influence is caused on subsequent impurity removal, separation and purification of valuable metals, the process flow is complex, more other chemical agents are used, the wastewater treatment capacity is increased, and the impurity removal cost is greatly increased.
The Chinese patent document discloses a lithium battery cleaning and discharging device and a method, wherein waste lithium batteries are manually stacked on a feeding mechanism, positive and negative electrodes of the waste lithium batteries are respectively and correspondingly mounted on a positive electrode discharging column and a negative electrode discharging column of a pre-discharging mechanism through a feeding roller and a conveyor belt one by one, when the voltage of the waste lithium batteries is reduced to 0.5-1.5V, a conductive agent is released and dripped onto the positive and negative electrodes of the waste lithium batteries through a discharging clamping and feeding mechanism and a conductive agent smearing mechanism, and secondary discharging is completed after the waste lithium batteries are kept still for a period of time. The method adopts a twice discharging mode, needs a plurality of intermediate conversion mechanisms, has a complex structure and large floor area, and the second discharging is realized by coating an additional conductive agent, wherein the conductive agent has a plurality of chemical compositions such as organic adhesives, conductive agents and the like, and as a cylindrical battery cathode shell is coated with a layer of plastic film and adsorbs organic or inorganic pollutants, the conductive agent is difficult to smoothly enter short-circuit grooves on the anode and the cathode of the waste battery, the conduction effect of each single battery cannot be fully ensured, the discharging efficiency is low, a large amount of unidentified organic and inorganic pollutants are adsorbed on the surfaces of the anode and the cathode of the waste battery after long-time use, the conduction of the conductive agent is greatly influenced, and the effective discharging is difficult to ensure. And the conductive agent has large usage amount and is not recyclable, and new impurity chemical components are introduced, so that the difficulty in separating and sorting valuable chemical components of the subsequent waste lithium batteries is increased. In addition, the feeding and discharging of the waste lithium batteries are stacked together, so that the collision or contact of the positive electrode and the negative electrode is easily caused, and the combustion and explosion accidents are easily caused.
In addition, Chinese patent literature discloses a discharge device and a discharge method for waste cylindrical lithium ion batteries, wherein a battery fixing frame, a flow guide bottom plate, a flow guide cover plate and an external discharge cabinet are adopted to form a discharge system, the flow guide bottom plate and the flow guide cover plate are formed by compounding foam metal and a metal plate, and the foam metal is in contact with the batteries.
And the waste lithium battery rapid discharge device adopts the conductive mica powder as a discharge medium to realize rapid discharge of the battery. The conductive mica powder is flaky, is grey or light grey powder, is fine in powder, large in specific surface area and extremely strong in adsorbability, is easily adsorbed on the surface of a single battery, needs to be cleaned by using a large amount of water after discharge, and simultaneously, conductive components such as SnO introduced by the conductive mica powder2-Sb2O3And Sn, Sb and the like, and when fine powders are extremely easy, these conductive components are contained as impuritiesThe short circuit grooves on the positive and negative electrodes of the body battery are firmly stocked, the separation and purification difficulty of the rear-end battery is increased, and the separation and purification process flow and the operation cost are greatly increased.
Therefore, there is a need to address the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, provides a continuous and safe discharge method of waste lithium batteries, has full and complete discharge, can complete the discharge process of the waste lithium batteries at one time, is batch, continuous and automatic, has simple process and low cost, and can realize industrial production.
The invention provides a continuous and safe discharge method of waste lithium batteries, which is characterized in that a feeding mechanism is adopted to feed a plurality of waste lithium batteries into a conductive conveying mechanism one by one, so that the waste lithium batteries are clamped between an upper conductive conveying belt and a lower conductive conveying belt which are closed into an annular belt at equal intervals on the conductive conveying mechanism respectively, the inner rings of the upper conductive conveying belt and the lower conductive conveying belt are respectively provided with a plurality of conductive graphite compression rollers and conductive graphite carrier rollers which are arranged at intervals, the upper conductive conveying belt and the lower conductive conveying belt are respectively driven by an upper driving mechanism and a lower driving mechanism to move synchronously, and the conductive graphite compression rollers and the conductive graphite carrier rollers are connected with a serially connected adjustable resistor, a current meter and a switch to form a discharge loop, so that the waste lithium batteries complete a continuous discharge process in the process of being driven by the upper conductive conveying belt and the lower conductive conveying belt to move.
In the method, a visual identification system can be arranged at an inlet of the waste lithium battery fed into the conductive conveying mechanism by the feeding mechanism, so that the feeding mechanism can place the waste lithium battery between the upper conductive conveying belt and the lower conductive conveying belt according to the polar position through an instruction of the visual identification system.
In the method, the upper conductive conveying belt and the lower conductive conveying belt are provided with conductive layers, the conductive layers comprise rubber and conductive powder, the conductive powder is one or two of conductive carbon powder and graphite cathode powder, the rubber is one or two of fluororubber, nitrile rubber or vulcanized rubber, the conductive powder accounts for 20-60% of the total mass of the conductive layers, and the rubber accounts for 30-70% of the total mass of the conductive layers; the resistivity of the upper conductive conveying belt and the resistivity of the lower conductive conveying belt are both (5.0-18.0) multiplied by 10 < -6 > omega.m.
In the method, a plurality of concave positions or stoppers which can be matched with the positive and negative electrodes of the waste lithium batteries are respectively arranged at intervals at the positions opposite to the outer rings of the upper conductive conveying belt and the lower conductive conveying belt, so that the waste lithium batteries clamped between the upper conductive conveying belt and the lower conductive conveying belt are positioned in the concave positions or stoppers of the upper conductive conveying belt and the lower conductive conveying belt.
In the method, an air cooling system can be arranged to enable cold air to face each waste lithium battery in the discharging process, so that heat generated in the discharging process of the waste lithium batteries is reduced.
The invention also provides a device designed according to the continuous safe discharge method of the waste lithium battery, which comprises a feeding mechanism and a conductive conveying mechanism; the conductive conveying mechanism is provided with an upper conductive conveying belt and a lower conductive conveying belt which are respectively closed to form an annular belt, waste lithium batteries to be discharged are fed into the conductive conveying mechanism through the feeding mechanism and are clamped between the upper conductive conveying belt and the lower conductive conveying belt at equal intervals one by one, the upper conductive conveying belt and the lower conductive conveying belt are arranged at intervals up and down and are driven by an upper driving mechanism and a lower driving mechanism to move synchronously, a plurality of conductive graphite press rollers which are arranged at intervals and matched with the upper conductive conveying belt are arranged in the upper conductive conveying belt in an inner ring mode, and a plurality of conductive graphite carrier rollers which are arranged at intervals and matched with the lower conductive conveying belt are arranged in the lower conductive conveying belt in an inner ring mode; the conductive graphite press roller and the conductive graphite carrier roller are connected with an adjustable resistor, a current meter and a switch which are connected in series, and form a discharge loop together with all waste lithium batteries clamped between the upper conductive conveying belt and the lower conductive conveying belt.
In the above device, a visual recognition system capable of enabling the feeding mechanism to place the waste lithium batteries between the upper conductive conveying belt and the lower conductive conveying belt according to the polar positions may be provided at an entrance where the waste lithium batteries are fed into the conductive conveying mechanism.
In the device, a plurality of concave positions or stop blocks which can be matched with the anode and the cathode of the waste lithium battery are respectively arranged at intervals at the positions, opposite to the outer rings of the upper conductive conveying belt and the lower conductive conveying belt.
In the device, the conductive conveying mechanism is provided with a leading-in angle for facilitating the placement of each waste lithium battery at an inlet where the waste lithium batteries enter, and a leading-out angle for facilitating the falling of each waste lithium battery after the discharge is finished is arranged at an outlet of each waste lithium battery.
The device further comprises an air cooling system, wherein the air cooling system is provided with a plurality of air supply outlets capable of enabling cold air to face the waste lithium batteries moving in the conductive conveying mechanism and used for rapidly cooling the waste lithium batteries during discharging.
The invention has the following technical effects:
(1) the invention enables the waste lithium batteries to be clamped between the upper conductive conveying belt and the lower conductive conveying belt which are arranged in a closed manner at equal intervals, so that the waste lithium batteries can finish the discharge process one by one in the process of driving the waste lithium batteries to move by the upper conductive conveying belt and the lower conductive conveying belt, not only can batch and continuous discharge treatment of the waste lithium batteries be realized, but also the discharge of the waste lithium batteries is automatic, the discharge efficiency of the waste lithium batteries is greatly improved, and the waste lithium batteries can be ensured to be discharged once, and the discharge is complete and full, so that the waste lithium batteries have a good discharge effect.
(2) The waste lithium batteries are arranged at intervals in the moving process between the upper conductive conveying belt and the lower conductive conveying belt, so that the safety of the discharge process of the waste lithium batteries is effectively ensured. The lengths and the moving speeds of the upper conductive conveying belt and the lower conductive conveying belt can be set as required, the discharging time and the discharging speed of the waste battery can be adjusted, the discharging time and the discharging speed can also be adjusted and controlled through the adjustable resistor, and the production efficiency and the safety are improved.
(3) The upper conductive conveying belt, the lower conductive conveying belt, the conductive graphite pressing roller and the conductive graphite carrier roller adopted by the conductive conveying mechanism can be used as a moving component for conveying the discharge of the waste lithium battery and can also be used as a conductive element in a discharge loop, and all components are made of cheap and easily-obtained graphite conductive materials, so that new impurities cannot be introduced in the discharge process, the discharge completeness can be ensured, and the recovery cost of the waste lithium battery is reduced.
(4) In the whole discharging process, the physical method is adopted, the design structure and the electrical conductivity of the discharging equipment are fully utilized, no chemical raw material is needed, the phenomenon that a large amount of waste gas and waste liquid and the like pollute the environment due to brine discharge in the mainstream technology in the market is avoided, secondary pollution is avoided, and the discharging process is environment-friendly.
(5) The method has the advantages of simple process and low cost, improves the efficiency and safety of the discharge process of the waste lithium battery, and is beneficial to industrial large-scale production.
The method of the invention meets the requirements of the current industry and has very wide application prospect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the apparatus structure of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present.
It should be further noted that the terms "one end", "the other end", "the front end", "the rear end", "the side end", "the outside" and other directional terms in the embodiments of the present invention are only relative to each other or are referred to the normal use state of the product, or are referred to based on the position shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and operate, and thus should not be considered as limiting.
The embodiment of the invention firstly provides a continuous and safe discharge method of waste lithium batteries, which is characterized in that a feeding mechanism is adopted to feed a plurality of waste lithium batteries to be discharged into a conductive conveying mechanism one by one, the conductive conveying mechanism comprises an upper conductive conveying belt and a lower conductive conveying belt, the upper conductive conveying belt and the lower conductive conveying belt are both closed annular belts and can be arranged at intervals up and down, and the intervals can enable the plurality of waste lithium batteries to be discharged to be clamped between the upper conductive conveying belt and the lower conductive conveying belt; the upper conductive conveying belt and the lower conductive conveying belt are driven by the upper driving mechanism and the lower driving mechanism to synchronously move, a plurality of conductive graphite compression rollers which are arranged at intervals are arranged on the inner ring of the upper conductive conveying belt, meanwhile, a plurality of conductive graphite carrier rollers which are arranged at intervals are arranged on the inner ring of the lower conductive conveying belt respectively, the conductive graphite compression rollers and the conductive graphite carrier rollers are arranged oppositely, the centers of the conductive graphite compression rollers and the conductive graphite carrier rollers are on the same straight line, the periphery of the conductive graphite compression roller and the periphery of the conductive graphite carrier roller are tangent to the upper conductive conveying belt and the lower conductive conveying belt respectively, and the conductive graphite compression rollers and the conductive graphite carrier rollers are matched to rotate with the upper conductive conveying belt and the lower conductive conveying belt. Meanwhile, the conductive graphite carrier roller and the conductive graphite press roller are respectively connected with the serially connected adjustable resistor, the ammeter and the switch, and form a discharge loop together with the lower conductive conveying belt, the waste lithium batteries and the upper conductive conveying belt. Preferably, when the waste lithium batteries to be discharged are conveyed between the upper conductive conveying belt and the lower conductive conveying belt, the axial centers of the waste lithium batteries can be in the same straight line with the centers of the conductive graphite carrier rollers and the conductive graphite press rollers, and the axial centers are consistent with the interval arrangement intervals of the conductive graphite carrier rollers and the conductive graphite press rollers, so that when each waste lithium battery is arranged between the upper conductive conveying belt and the lower conductive conveying belt, the bottom end of each waste lithium battery is supported by the conductive graphite carrier rollers, the top end of each waste lithium battery is clamped by the conductive graphite press rollers, and the waste lithium batteries are always clamped between the upper conductive conveying belt and the lower conductive conveying belt in the moving process. Therefore, when the waste lithium batteries to be discharged are sent into the conductive conveying mechanism through the feeding mechanism, the waste lithium batteries are clamped between the upper conductive conveying belt and the lower conductive conveying belt at intervals one by the conductive graphite carrier roller and the conductive graphite compression roller, and the discharging process is gradually completed in continuous movement under the driving of the upper conductive conveying belt and the lower conductive conveying belt. The method realizes automatic, batch and continuous discharge treatment of the waste lithium batteries, and can complete discharge once in movement. Meanwhile, the components for driving the waste lithium batteries to move, namely the upper conductive conveying belt, the lower conductive conveying belt, the conductive graphite press roller and the conductive graphite carrier roller, are conductive elements, namely the upper conductive conveying belt, the lower conductive conveying belt, the conductive graphite press roller and the conductive graphite carrier roller can be used as components for driving the waste lithium batteries to move in the discharging process and can also be used as conductive components, so that the whole discharging equipment has conductive performance, and the reliable guarantee is provided for the full discharging of the waste lithium batteries. Moreover, the contact area between the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the lithium battery and the upper conductive conveying belt and the contact area between the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the lithium battery and the lower conductive conveying belt are large, and the relative arrangement of the conductive graphite pressing roller and the conductive graphite carrier roller can tightly clamp each waste lithium battery between the upper conductive conveying belt and the lower conductive conveying belt, so that the waste lithium batteries can be prevented from being toppled in the moving process, a discharging loop in the discharging process is smooth, the discharging reliability and the discharging sufficiency of each waste lithium battery are highly guaranteed, and a good discharging effect is achieved. In addition, the placement of the waste lithium batteries between the upper conductive conveying belt and the lower conductive conveying belt enables the single lithium batteries to form effective intervals, so that potential safety hazards caused by mutual collision of the lithium batteries can be avoided, the continuous discharge time can be ensured, the residual voltage of the batteries is lower than 1.0 volt-ampere full voltage generally only in 2-4 hours, and the method has the characteristics of high safety, high discharge efficiency and the like. Moreover, the lengths and the moving speeds of the upper conductive conveying belt and the lower conductive conveying belt can be set according to the discharging requirement, the discharging time and the discharging speed of the waste lithium battery can be adjusted, and the discharging time and the discharging speed can also be adjusted and controlled through the adjustable resistor. Meanwhile, the method has simple process and low cost, and the continuous discharge equipment consisting of the components does not need any chemical raw materials, thereby avoiding the phenomenon of environmental pollution caused by a large amount of waste gas and waste liquid generated by brine discharge, not generating secondary pollution, being green and environment-friendly, improving the efficiency and safety of the discharge process of the waste lithium batteries, meeting the requirements of the current waste lithium battery recycling industry and being beneficial to industrial large-scale production.
In a specific implementation mode of the method, a visual identification system is arranged at an inlet of the waste lithium battery, which is fed into the conductive conveying mechanism by the feeding mechanism, the waste lithium battery grabbed by the feeding mechanism is converted into an image signal through an image shooting device CCD in the visual identification system and is transmitted to an image processing system, the image processing system quickly identifies the appearance size characteristics of the lithium battery according to the image signal, the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the lithium battery are distinguished through the size, and then a control instruction is issued to the feeding mechanism, so that the feeding mechanism places the waste lithium battery between the upper conductive conveying belt and the lower conductive conveying belt according to the pole position through the fetching clamp. Adopt the visual identification system, through feeding mechanism automatic feeding, need not pass through the manual work, can high efficiency discernment old and useless lithium cell's positive negative pole, avoid the artifical potential safety hazard that error caused of putting, have the accuracy height, the security is high, the characteristics of maneuverability are strong, can improve production efficiency and old and useless lithium cell discharge automation degree greatly, are favorable to improving the security and the stability of battery discharge moving process.
In a specific implementation mode of the method, the upper conductive conveying belt and the lower conductive conveying belt can be composed of belt cores and conductive layers, wherein the belt cores are composed of single-layer longitudinally-arranged steel wire ropes, the conductive layers comprise rubber and conductive powder and can be formed by pressing or mixing rubber, conductive powder and additives, the conductive powder is formed by mixing one or two of conductive carbon powder and graphite cathode powder, the rubber is formed by mixing one or two of fluororubber, nitrile rubber or vulcanized rubber, the conductive powder accounts for 20% -60% of the total mass of the conductive layers, the rubber accounts for 30% -70% of the total mass of the conductive layers, and the balance of the additives can be dibutyl phthalate, 3-5 mm short carbon fibers and the like; the resistivity of the upper conductive conveying belt and the resistivity of the lower conductive conveying belt are both (5.0-18.0) multiplied by 10-6Omega, m, has better conductivityThe electrical property is similar to the conductive property of the conductive graphite. The conductive graphite press roller and the conductive graphite carrier roller are formed by pressing graphite materials and performing high-temperature treatment, and negative graphite powder recovered from waste lithium batteries can be adopted, so that the manufacturing cost can be reduced, and resources are saved. The conductive graphite press roller and the conductive graphite carrier roller have high conductivity, and also have the characteristics of corrosion resistance, high temperature resistance, high strength, light weight and the like.
In a specific embodiment of the method of the present invention, a plurality of regularly arranged concave positions or stoppers are respectively disposed at intervals at positions opposite to the outer rings of the upper conductive conveyor belt and the lower conductive conveyor belt, that is, at outer sides of the upper conductive conveyor belt and the lower conductive conveyor belt contacting with the waste lithium batteries, and the peripheral dimensions of the concave positions or stoppers can match with the types of the waste lithium batteries, such as cylindrical 18650, cylindrical 26650, square lithium batteries, etc., and are aligned with each other, so that the waste lithium batteries clamped between the upper conductive conveyor belt and the lower conductive conveyor belt are embedded and positioned in the concave positions or stoppers of the upper conductive conveyor belt and the lower conductive conveyor belt, so that the waste lithium batteries are stably clamped between the upper conductive conveyor belt and the lower conductive conveyor belt all the time during conveying, and maintain a vertical state without tilting, thereby ensuring that the waste lithium batteries always maintain contact with the upper conductive conveyor belt and the lower conductive conveyor belt, the smooth proceeding of the discharging process is ensured, and the safety in the conveying process is also ensured.
In the specific implementation mode of the method, an air cooling system can be arranged, and the discharge heat management of the waste lithium batteries can be effectively controlled through the air cooling system. Specifically, a plurality of air supply outlets can be arranged on the air cooling system and aligned with each waste lithium battery in conveying, so that cold air faces the waste lithium batteries in the discharging process, heat generated in the discharging process of the waste lithium batteries is reduced, and safety in the discharging process is further guaranteed.
Referring to fig. 1, the invention designs a continuous safe discharge device for waste lithium batteries according to the method, which comprises a feeding mechanism 2 and a conductive conveying mechanism 4, wherein in the specific embodiment of the feeding mechanism 2, the feeding mechanism comprises a base 23, a rotating arm 22 and a material taking clamp 21, and the base 23 is used for supporting the whole feeding mechanism2, one end of the rotating arm 22 is hinged on the base 23 and can rotate around the base 23, and the other end is hinged with one end of the taking clamp 21 and can drive the taking clamp 21 to rotate. The material taking clamp 21 can rotate around the rotating arm 22, so that the material taking clamp 21 has multiple degrees of freedom, and the feeding requirement of the waste lithium battery 3 can be met; the other end of the material taking clamp 21 is provided with a mechanical arm which can automatically send the waste lithium batteries 3 into the placing positions of the conductive conveying mechanism 4 at equal intervals one by one. The conductive conveying mechanism 4 comprises an upper conductive conveying belt 421 and a lower conductive conveying belt 411 which are arranged at an upper interval and a lower interval, the upper conductive conveying belt 421 and the lower conductive conveying belt 411 are respectively annular belts which are arranged in a closed mode, and the distance between opposite surfaces of the two annular belts enables waste lithium batteries to be clamped between the upper conductive conveying belt 421 and the lower conductive conveying belt 411. The upper conductive conveyor belt 421 and the lower conductive conveyor belt 411 may specifically be composed of the belt core and the conductive layer as described in the foregoing method, wherein the belt core is composed of single-layer longitudinally arranged steel wire ropes, the conductive layer may cover the belt core or be mixed with the belt core, the conductive layer is formed by mixing rubber, conductive powder and additives according to the above-mentioned ratio, and the resistivity of the upper conductive conveyor belt 421 and the lower conductive conveyor belt 411 is (5.0-18.0) × 10-6Omega, m. The upper conductive conveying belt 421 and the lower conductive conveying belt 411 are driven by an upper driving mechanism and a lower driving mechanism to move synchronously, wherein the upper driving mechanism includes an upper driving wheel 426 and an upper driven wheel 425, which are respectively arranged at the front end and the rear end (the inlet and the outlet of the waste lithium battery) of the upper conductive conveying belt 421, and the lower driving mechanism includes a lower driving wheel 416 and a lower driven wheel 418, which are also respectively arranged at the front end and the rear end of the lower conductive conveying belt 411. The upper driving wheel 426 and the lower driving wheel 416 are driven by a power mechanism to synchronously rotate, the power mechanism includes a speed-adjusting stepping motor 415, the speed-adjusting stepping motor 415 is respectively connected with the upper driving wheel 426 and the lower driving wheel 416 by a transmission mechanism (not shown), and can transmit power to the upper driving wheel 426 and the lower driving wheel 416 to synchronously rotate, so as to drive the upper conductive conveying belt 421 and the lower conductive conveying belt 411 to synchronously move, and simultaneously, each conductive graphite press roller 422 in the upper conductive conveying belt 421 and each conductive graphite carrier roller 412 in the lower conductive conveying belt 411 are driven to cooperatively rotate. In the above-mentioned structural arrangement of the present invention, the upper conductive conveyor 421 andthe loop length of the lower conductive conveying belt 411, the distance between the upper conductive conveying belt 421 and the lower conductive conveying belt 411, and the number and arrangement of the conductive graphite pressing roller 421 and the conductive graphite supporting roller 412 can be determined according to the requirements and discharge requirements in actual production, and can accommodate 10-35 single waste lithium batteries. Moreover, the power mechanism adopts a speed regulating motor, so that the moving speeds of the upper conductive conveying belt 421 and the lower conductive conveying belt 411 can be adjusted according to the discharging requirement, the waste lithium battery 3 can be fully discharged in one time during moving, the discharging requirement is met, and the discharging is very convenient.
As a preferred scheme of the device of the present invention, each conductive graphite pressing roller 422 and each conductive graphite carrier roller 412 may be disposed oppositely, and centers thereof are on the same straight line, when the waste lithium battery 3 is sandwiched between the upper conductive conveyor belt 421 and the lower conductive conveyor belt 411 between the conductive graphite pressing roller 422 and each conductive graphite carrier roller 412, the waste lithium battery 3 can be pressed tightly by the smallest pressing force, so as to prevent the waste lithium battery 3 from toppling over during movement. A compression roller insulating protective sleeve 423 and a carrier roller insulating protective sleeve 413 are respectively sleeved at the two outward side ends of each conductive graphite compression roller 422 and each conductive graphite carrier roller 412 so as to protect the safety of an operator; at the axial center of electrically conductive graphite compression roller 422 and electrically conductive graphite bearing roller 412, be equipped with electrically conductive upper wiring post 424 and lower terminal 414 respectively, upper wiring post 424 and lower terminal 414 concatenate through wire and switch S1, ampere meter A and adjustable resistance R, and when each old and useless lithium cell 3 was the interval clamp one by one and establishes between upper electrically conductive conveyer belt 421 and lower electrically conductive conveyer belt 411, switch S1, ampere meter A, adjustable resistance R concatenate together through upper wiring post 424 and lower terminal 414 with electrically conductive graphite compression roller 422, electrically conductive graphite bearing roller 412, upper electrically conductive conveyer belt 421, lower electrically conductive conveyer belt 411 and each old and useless lithium cell, form the circuit of discharging. The discharge loop adopts an adjustable resistor, can adjust the discharge time and the discharge speed, and ensures that the waste lithium battery 3 is fully and completely discharged as much as possible.
Referring to fig. 1, in the specific embodiment of the device of the present invention, a material box 9 is disposed between the feeding mechanism 2 and the conductive conveying mechanism 4, and a plurality of lithium batteries to be discharged are uniformly placed in the material box 9, so as to facilitate grasping by the feeding mechanism 2; the rear end of the conductive conveying mechanism 4 is provided with a discharge bin 6, and the discharged waste lithium batteries 3 can automatically fall into the discharge bin 6. The conductive conveying mechanism 4 is arranged on the conductive graphite fixed bed 8 and used for supporting the conductive conveying mechanism 4, the power mechanism, the driving mechanism and other components, and the conductive graphite fixed bed 8 is also formed by pressing conductive and heat-conducting graphite, and can be used as an auxiliary conductive element to enhance the discharge performance and be beneficial to heat dissipation of the waste lithium batteries 3. The conductive graphite fixed bed 8 is used as a machine base, and the bottom of a supporting foot which is in contact with the ground is provided with an insulating protection pad 7, so that the safety of the discharging process is ensured, and the injury to operators is avoided.
Further referring to fig. 1, in a specific embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention, a visual recognition system 1 is disposed at an entrance of the waste lithium battery 3 entering the conductive conveying mechanism 4, and when the material taking clamp 21 of the feeding mechanism 2 grabs the waste lithium battery 3 from the material box 9 through an image capturing device CCD in the visual recognition system 1, the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the battery in the material taking clamp 21 can be recognized, and then a central controller (not shown) issues a control command to the feeding mechanism 2, so that the material taking clamp 21 places the grabbed waste lithium battery 3 between the upper conductive conveying belt 421 and the lower conductive conveying belt 411 in a polar position one by one, thereby avoiding potential safety hazards caused by placement errors.
Referring to fig. 1, in the embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention, at the position where the outer rings of the upper conductive conveyor 421 and the lower conductive conveyor 411 are opposite, namely, a plurality of regularly arranged concave positions or stoppers (the concave positions are shown in the embodiment of fig. 1) are respectively arranged at intervals at the outer sides of the waste lithium batteries 3 clamped by the upper conductive conveyor belt 421 and the lower conductive conveyor belt 411, the recessed portions are recessed inward from the outer sides of the upper conductive conveyor 421 and the lower conductive conveyor 411, wherein the upper conductive conveyer belt 421 is provided with an upper concave position 420 or an upper stop block which can be adapted to the anode of the waste lithium battery 3, the lower conductive conveyer belt 411 is provided with a lower concave position 417 or a lower stop block which can be adapted to the cathode of the waste lithium battery 3, the upper concave position 420 or the upper stop block and the lower concave position 417 or the upper stop block are matched with the model of the waste lithium battery 3, and are aligned with each other, and the waste lithium batteries 3 are inserted and positioned in the upper concave position 420 or the lower stopper and the lower concave position 417 or the upper stopper when moving. As a preferred scheme, the upper concave position 420 or the upper stopper and the lower concave position 417 or the lower stopper are respectively opposite to the conductive graphite press roll 422 and the conductive graphite carrier roller 412, that is, the center of the upper concave position 420 or the upper stopper and the lower concave position 417 or the lower stopper is in the same straight line with the center of the conductive graphite press roll 422 and the conductive graphite carrier roller 412, so that the conductive graphite press roll 422 and the conductive graphite carrier roller 412 can be tightly pressed on the moving waste lithium battery 3 through the upper conductive conveyor belt 421 and the lower conductive conveyor belt 411, the clamping effect is good, the effective spacing of the waste lithium battery 3 in the moving process can be realized, the burning and explosion accidents caused by the collision or contact of the positive and negative electrodes when the waste lithium batteries are stacked together can be avoided, the waste lithium battery 3 can be prevented from toppling over in the moving discharge process, the reliability and stability of the waste lithium battery 3 in the discharge process can be ensured, and each waste lithium battery 3 can be easily burnt and exploded in the waste lithium battery 3 through the clamping force between the conductive graphite press roll 422 and the conductive graphite carrier roller 412 The waste lithium batteries 3 are always kept in contact with the upper conductive conveying belt 421 and the lower conductive conveying belt 411 in the moving process to form a discharge closed loop with smooth current, so that complete and reliable discharge of the waste lithium batteries 3 is guaranteed. The upper concave position 420 and the lower concave position 417 may be grooves formed inward on the outer sides of the upper conductive conveyor 421 and the lower conductive conveyor 411 as shown in fig. 1, or arc-shaped grooves, or other concave structures; the stoppers are at least two stoppers which protrude outwards at the outer sides of the upper conductive conveying belt 421 and the lower conductive conveying belt 411, can be fixedly arranged or can be adjusted, are 1/10-1/5 of the height of the waste lithium battery 3, are fixed at the outer sides of the upper conductive conveying belt 421 and the lower conductive conveying belt 411 through connecting pieces, and can be adjusted to be fixed according to the model of the waste lithium battery 3 so as to adapt to the waste lithium batteries with different specifications, and the universality of the device is improved. It should be understood that similar designs of other structures of the concave position or the stopper are within the protection scope of the present invention as long as the waste lithium battery 3 can be stably clamped between the upper conductive conveying belt 421 and the lower conductive conveying belt 411.
Referring to fig. 1, in a specific embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention, a lead-in angle α is provided at an entrance where the waste lithium batteries 3 enter between the upper conductive conveyor 421 and the lower conductive conveyor 411, so as to facilitate placement of each of the waste lithium batteries 3; and a lead-out angle beta is arranged at the outlet of the waste lithium battery 3, so that each waste lithium battery 3 after discharging is convenient to drop, and the lead-in angle alpha and the lead-out angle beta are both smaller than 75 degrees. In a specific structural embodiment, a front tension wheel 427 may be disposed at the inlet of the waste lithium battery 3 and at the front end of the annular belt inner ring of the upper conductive conveying belt 421, the front tension wheel 427 is disposed near the first conductive graphite pressing roller 422 at the inlet and between the upper driving wheel 426 and the first conductive graphite pressing roller 422, and at the same time, the upper driving wheel 426 is disposed higher than the front tension wheel 427, so that the leading-in angle α is formed at the front end of the upper conductive conveying belt 421. The front tension wheel 427 is matched with the upper driving wheel 426, so that the moving direction of the upper conductive conveying belt 421 at the front end can be changed (the oblique movement is changed into the horizontal movement), meanwhile, a tensioning mechanism can be formed, the front end of the whole upper conductive conveying belt 421 is straightened and tightened to be not loosened, the upper conductive conveying belt 421 generates different-angle redirection at the front end, and a leading-in angle alpha is formed at the entrance of the waste lithium battery 3 with the lower conductive conveying belt 411, which is beneficial for the material taking clamp 21 of the feeding mechanism 2 to send the waste lithium battery 3 into the lower conductive conveying belt 411, and the collision to the upper conductive conveying belt 421 is avoided. Similarly, a rear tension wheel 428 may be provided at the outlet of the used lithium battery 3 at the rear end of the inner loop of the endless belt of the upper conductive conveyor belt 421, the rear tension wheel 428 being provided between the upper driven wheel 425 at the rear end of the endless belt of the upper conductive conveyor belt 421 and the last conductive graphite pressure roller 422, while the upper driven wheel 425 is provided at a higher level than the rear tension wheel 428. Thus, the rear tension wheel 428 and the upper driven wheel 425 are cooperatively arranged to change the moving direction of the upper conductive conveyor belt 421 at the rear end, and simultaneously, the upper conductive conveyor belt is tensioned together with the front tension wheel 427 to form a front and rear tensioning mechanism, so that the whole annular upper conductive conveyor belt 421 is straightened and tightened without collapsing, a closed loop with smooth current is formed with each clamped waste lithium battery 3, the upper conductive conveyor belt 421 is redirected at different angles at the rear end, and a leading-out angle β is formed with the lower conductive conveyor belt 411 at the outlet of the waste lithium battery 3. After the discharge is finished, the upper conductive conveying belt 421 releases the clamping pressure on the waste lithium battery 3 at the outlet due to the leading-out angle β, so that the pressure on the top of the waste lithium battery 3 is released suddenly, and the waste lithium battery 3 automatically falls off from the lower conductive conveying belt 411 to the discharging bin 6 under the action of the self gravity.
Referring to fig. 1, in a specific embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention, the apparatus further includes an air cooling system 5, the air cooling system 5 is connected to an air compressor, and includes an air supply pipe 51, the air supply pipe 51 is provided with a plurality of air supply ports 52 facing the direction of each waste lithium battery 3 in transportation, so as to blow cold air to each waste lithium battery 3 in the discharging process, so that the waste lithium batteries 3 in discharging process are rapidly cooled, heat generated in the discharging process of the waste lithium batteries 3 is reduced, and safety in the discharging process is ensured.
The above-described embodiments of the present invention are merely exemplary and not intended to limit the present invention, and those skilled in the art may make various modifications, substitutions and improvements without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A continuous and safe discharge method of waste lithium batteries is characterized in that a feeding mechanism is adopted to feed a plurality of waste lithium batteries into a conductive conveying mechanism one by one, so that the waste lithium batteries are clamped between an upper conductive conveying belt and a lower conductive conveying belt which are closed to form an annular belt on the conductive conveying mechanism at equal intervals, inner rings of the upper conductive conveying belt and the lower conductive conveying belt are respectively provided with a plurality of conductive graphite compression rollers and conductive graphite carrier rollers which are arranged at intervals, the upper conductive conveying belt and the lower conductive conveying belt are driven by an upper driving mechanism and a lower driving mechanism to move synchronously, and the upper conductive conveying belt and the lower conductive graphite carrier rollers are connected with serially connected adjustable resistors, ammeters and switches to form a discharge loop, so that the waste lithium batteries complete a continuous discharge process in the process of being driven by the upper conductive conveying belt and the lower conductive conveying belt to move.
2. The method for continuously and safely discharging the waste lithium batteries as claimed in claim 1, wherein a visual recognition system is arranged at an inlet of the waste lithium batteries fed into the conductive conveying mechanism by the feeding mechanism, so that the feeding mechanism places the waste lithium batteries between the upper conductive conveying belt and the lower conductive conveying belt in a polar position through instructions of the visual recognition system.
3. The continuous safe discharge method of the waste lithium batteries as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the upper conductive conveyer belt and the lower conductive conveyer belt are provided with conductive layers, the conductive layers comprise rubber and conductive powder, wherein the conductive powder is one or two of conductive carbon powder and graphite cathode powder, the rubber is one or two of fluororubber, nitrile butadiene rubber or vulcanized rubber, the conductive powder accounts for 20-60% of the total mass of the conductive layers, and the rubber accounts for 30-70% of the total mass of the conductive layers; the resistivity of the upper conductive conveying belt and the resistivity of the lower conductive conveying belt are both (5.0-18.0) multiplied by 10-6 Ω.m。
4. The method for continuously and safely discharging the waste lithium batteries as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a plurality of concave positions or stoppers which can be matched with the positive and negative electrodes of the waste lithium batteries are respectively arranged at intervals at the positions opposite to the outer rings of the upper conductive conveying belt and the lower conductive conveying belt, so that the waste lithium batteries clamped between the upper conductive conveying belt and the lower conductive conveying belt are positioned in the concave positions or stoppers of the upper conductive conveying belt and the lower conductive conveying belt.
5. A method for continuous and safe discharge of waste lithium batteries as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein an air cooling system is provided to direct cool air towards each of the waste lithium batteries during discharge for reducing the amount of heat generated during discharge of the waste lithium batteries.
6. The continuous safe discharge device of the waste lithium battery designed according to the method of any one of claims 1 to 5, it is characterized by comprising a feeding mechanism and a conductive conveying mechanism, wherein the conductive conveying mechanism is provided with an upper conductive conveying belt and a lower conductive conveying belt which are respectively closed to form an annular belt, waste lithium batteries to be discharged are fed into the conductive conveying mechanism through the feeding mechanism and are clamped between the upper conductive conveying belt and the lower conductive conveying belt at equal intervals one by one, the upper conductive conveying belt and the lower conductive conveying belt are arranged at intervals up and down and are driven by an upper driving mechanism and a lower driving mechanism respectively to move synchronously, a plurality of conductive graphite press rollers which are arranged at intervals and matched with the upper conductive conveying belt are arranged in the upper conductive conveying belt in an annular mode, a plurality of conductive graphite carrier rollers which are arranged at intervals and matched with the lower conductive conveying belt are arranged in the lower conductive conveying belt in an annular mode; the conductive graphite press roller and the conductive graphite carrier roller are connected with an adjustable resistor, a current meter and a switch which are connected in series, and form a discharge loop together with all waste lithium batteries clamped between the upper conductive conveying belt and the lower conductive conveying belt.
7. The continuous and safe waste lithium battery discharging device as claimed in claim 6, wherein a visual recognition system is provided at the entrance of the waste lithium battery feeding mechanism, which enables the feeding mechanism to place the waste lithium battery between the upper conductive conveying belt and the lower conductive conveying belt in a polar position.
8. The continuous safe discharging device for the waste lithium batteries according to claim 6, wherein a plurality of concave positions or stop blocks which can be adapted to the positive and negative electrodes of the waste lithium batteries are respectively arranged at intervals at the positions opposite to the outer rings of the upper conductive conveyer belt and the lower conductive conveyer belt.
9. The continuous safe discharging device for the waste lithium batteries according to claim 6, wherein the conductive conveying mechanism is provided with a leading-in angle at an inlet of the waste lithium battery for facilitating the placement of each waste lithium battery, and is provided with a leading-out angle at an outlet of the waste lithium battery for facilitating the falling of each waste lithium battery after the discharge is finished.
10. The continuous and safe waste lithium battery discharging device as claimed in claim 6, further comprising an air cooling system, wherein the air cooling system has a plurality of air outlets for allowing cold air to flow towards the waste lithium batteries moving in the conductive conveying mechanism, so as to rapidly cool the discharged waste lithium batteries.
Priority Applications (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110294016.8A CN113097584B (en) | 2021-03-19 | 2021-03-19 | Continuous safe discharge method and device for waste lithium battery |
| PCT/CN2022/070868 WO2022193803A1 (en) | 2021-03-19 | 2022-01-09 | Method and apparatus for continuous safe discharge of waste lithium batteries |
| JP2023552303A JP7493212B2 (en) | 2021-03-19 | 2022-01-09 | Method and device for safe continuous discharge of used lithium batteries |
| DE112022000859.8T DE112022000859T5 (en) | 2021-03-19 | 2022-01-09 | Method and device for the continuous safe discharge of waste lithium batteries |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110294016.8A CN113097584B (en) | 2021-03-19 | 2021-03-19 | Continuous safe discharge method and device for waste lithium battery |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN113097584A CN113097584A (en) | 2021-07-09 |
| CN113097584B true CN113097584B (en) | 2022-06-17 |
Family
ID=76668798
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110294016.8A Active CN113097584B (en) | 2021-03-19 | 2021-03-19 | Continuous safe discharge method and device for waste lithium battery |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN113097584B (en) |
| DE (1) | DE112022000859T5 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2022193803A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113097584B (en) * | 2021-03-19 | 2022-06-17 | 深圳清研装备科技有限公司 | Continuous safe discharge method and device for waste lithium battery |
| CN113479516B (en) * | 2021-07-15 | 2023-03-28 | 荆门动力电池再生技术有限公司 | Battery piece transportation line |
| CN115189056A (en) * | 2022-07-25 | 2022-10-14 | 广州工业智能研究院 | Control method, device and system for safe discharge of retired battery |
| CN115625132B (en) * | 2022-12-19 | 2023-03-10 | 深圳市杰成镍钴新能源科技有限公司 | Method and system for rapidly grading retired batteries |
| CN116759687B (en) * | 2023-08-17 | 2023-12-15 | 深圳市杰成镍钴新能源科技有限公司 | Discharging device of retired battery based on discharging particles |
| CN117427724B (en) * | 2023-12-06 | 2024-03-08 | 河南省新乡生态环境监测中心 | Waste battery crushing and sorting device and process |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108321453A (en) * | 2018-03-12 | 2018-07-24 | 毅康科技有限公司 | A kind of waste lithium cell recovery system equipment |
| CN108550943A (en) * | 2018-05-30 | 2018-09-18 | 安徽南都华铂新材料科技有限公司 | A kind of waste and old cylindrical lithium ion battery electric discharge device and its charging method |
Family Cites Families (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH08306394A (en) * | 1995-04-28 | 1996-11-22 | Ricoh Co Ltd | Processing method for used battery |
| JPH11191434A (en) * | 1997-12-26 | 1999-07-13 | Seiko Precision Inc | Device for charging battery for regeneration |
| JP2013225410A (en) * | 2012-04-20 | 2013-10-31 | Mitsubishi Motors Corp | Secondary battery |
| US9484606B1 (en) * | 2013-03-15 | 2016-11-01 | Hulico LLC | Recycling and reconditioning of battery electrode materials |
| CN108270029B (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2019-11-19 | 合肥国轩高科动力能源有限公司 | A kind of waste and old ternary lithium battery discharge processing method and system |
| CN207868336U (en) * | 2018-01-12 | 2018-09-14 | 深圳市比克电池有限公司 | A kind of waste and old lithium ion battery Quick discharger |
| CN108417924B (en) * | 2018-03-12 | 2020-10-30 | 哈尔滨巴特瑞资源再生科技有限公司 | Lithium battery and lithium battery module crushing method |
| KR101999677B1 (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2019-07-15 | 한국지질자원연구원 | Apparatus for disassembling wasted battery and method for disassembling wasted battery |
| CN210403964U (en) * | 2019-07-11 | 2020-04-24 | 中国科学院过程工程研究所 | Clean discharge apparatus of lithium cell |
| CN112216893A (en) * | 2019-07-11 | 2021-01-12 | 中国科学院过程工程研究所 | Lithium battery cleaning and discharging equipment and method |
| CN110838602A (en) * | 2019-11-04 | 2020-02-25 | 湖南邦普循环科技有限公司 | Integrated unit block resistor discharging tray and discharging device with same |
| CN211929660U (en) * | 2020-03-06 | 2020-11-13 | 河北中化锂电科技有限公司 | Battery processing system and battery recycling system |
| CN214988904U (en) * | 2021-03-19 | 2021-12-03 | 深圳清研装备科技有限公司 | Continuous discharge is with electrically conductive conveying mechanism and continuous safe discharge device of old and useless lithium cell |
| CN113097584B (en) * | 2021-03-19 | 2022-06-17 | 深圳清研装备科技有限公司 | Continuous safe discharge method and device for waste lithium battery |
-
2021
- 2021-03-19 CN CN202110294016.8A patent/CN113097584B/en active Active
-
2022
- 2022-01-09 WO PCT/CN2022/070868 patent/WO2022193803A1/en active Application Filing
- 2022-01-09 DE DE112022000859.8T patent/DE112022000859T5/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108321453A (en) * | 2018-03-12 | 2018-07-24 | 毅康科技有限公司 | A kind of waste lithium cell recovery system equipment |
| CN108550943A (en) * | 2018-05-30 | 2018-09-18 | 安徽南都华铂新材料科技有限公司 | A kind of waste and old cylindrical lithium ion battery electric discharge device and its charging method |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN113097584A (en) | 2021-07-09 |
| JP2024509414A (en) | 2024-03-01 |
| WO2022193803A1 (en) | 2022-09-22 |
| DE112022000859T5 (en) | 2023-11-23 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN113097584B (en) | Continuous safe discharge method and device for waste lithium battery | |
| US11967687B2 (en) | Safe discharge method for waste lithium ion batteries | |
| CN214988904U (en) | Continuous discharge is with electrically conductive conveying mechanism and continuous safe discharge device of old and useless lithium cell | |
| CN105849290A (en) | Process for recycling li-ion batteries | |
| CN1378706A (en) | Battery paste | |
| CN102064306B (en) | Battery | |
| CN107546435A (en) | A kind of physical purification method of lithium ion battery recovery positive mix | |
| CN102332623B (en) | Method for recovering anode material of lithium ion battery | |
| CN112216893A (en) | Lithium battery cleaning and discharging equipment and method | |
| CN108682913B (en) | Rapid discharge device and discharge method for waste square battery | |
| CN207052644U (en) | A kind of rigid package lithium battery group | |
| CN211719735U (en) | Lithium ion battery electric quantity releasing equipment | |
| CN211929660U (en) | Battery processing system and battery recycling system | |
| CN209452481U (en) | Cylindrical battery insulated hull removal device | |
| JP7493212B2 (en) | Method and device for safe continuous discharge of used lithium batteries | |
| CN210403964U (en) | Clean discharge apparatus of lithium cell | |
| Wan et al. | The hazards of electric car batteries and their recycling | |
| CN113851743A (en) | Dry discharging method and discharging device for waste lithium battery | |
| CN115084449A (en) | Manufacturing method of quick-charging negative pole piece of lithium battery and lithium ion battery | |
| CN211678846U (en) | Automatic lithium battery sorting equipment | |
| CN207741116U (en) | A kind of waste material recovery device of graphite cathode material | |
| CN207217706U (en) | A kind of waste lithium cell negative material recovery and processing system | |
| CN106252774A (en) | A kind of recovery and treatment method of waste and old Ni-MH power cell | |
| CN202296175U (en) | Conveying roller of conveying belt | |
| CN115863821A (en) | Metal ball discharging equipment and discharging method for waste lithium ion battery |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CP01 | Change in the name or title of a patent holder |
Address after: C709-1, 7 / F, Institute of Tsinghua University, 019 Gaoxin South 7th Road, high tech Zone community, Yuehai street, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000 Patentee after: Shenzhen Qingyan Lithium Industry Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: C709-1, 7 / F, Institute of Tsinghua University, 019 Gaoxin South 7th Road, high tech Zone community, Yuehai street, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000 Patentee before: Shenzhen Qingyan Equipment Technology Co.,Ltd. |
|
| CP01 | Change in the name or title of a patent holder |