CN115625132B - Method and system for rapidly grading retired batteries - Google Patents
Method and system for rapidly grading retired batteries Download PDFInfo
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- CN115625132B CN115625132B CN202211629412.2A CN202211629412A CN115625132B CN 115625132 B CN115625132 B CN 115625132B CN 202211629412 A CN202211629412 A CN 202211629412A CN 115625132 B CN115625132 B CN 115625132B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
- B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
- B07C5/34—Sorting according to other particular properties
- B07C5/344—Sorting according to other particular properties according to electric or electromagnetic properties
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
- B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
- B07C5/02—Measures preceding sorting, e.g. arranging articles in a stream orientating
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
- B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
- B07C5/36—Sorting apparatus characterised by the means used for distribution
- B07C5/361—Processing or control devices therefor, e.g. escort memory
- B07C5/362—Separating or distributor mechanisms
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
- B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
- B07C5/36—Sorting apparatus characterised by the means used for distribution
- B07C5/38—Collecting or arranging articles in groups
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/84—Recycling of batteries or fuel cells
Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a system for rapidly grading retired batteries, wherein the method comprises the steps of obtaining initialized packaged batteries, obtaining the arrangement direction of the packaged batteries through image recognition of a neural network, placing the packaged batteries into a battery positioning plate on a conveyor belt according to the arrangement direction of the packaged batteries, and enabling the packaged batteries on the conveyor belt to sequentially pass through at least one stage of classification circuit; if the voltage of the packaged battery exceeds a primary voltage threshold value set through a primary load resistor, the packaged battery conducts a primary classification circuit and excites a primary push-pull electromagnet, and an elastic column of the excited primary push-pull electromagnet ejects the packaged battery from a battery positioning plate; the positioning plate and the packaged batteries are driven to pass through at least one stage of classification circuit by the movement of the conveyor belt, the first stage of classification circuit screens out the packaged batteries which accord with the first-stage voltage threshold value after initialization, and the packaged batteries which do not accord with the first-stage voltage threshold value fall into the crushing classification box to be crushed and recycled.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of gradient utilization of retired batteries, in particular to a method and a system for quickly grading retired batteries.
Background
With the rapid development of the new energy automobile industry, the retirement quantity of the power battery is rapidly increased, and when the battery capacity of the power battery is attenuated to be below 80% of the rated capacity, the battery capacity of the power battery cannot meet the use requirement of the new energy automobile and needs to be replaced and retired. If the retired battery is directly discarded without recycling, serious environmental pollution may result. Although the retired battery can not meet the use requirements of new energy automobiles, the retired battery can be continuously used on other small power equipment, such as electric bicycles, power-assisted bicycles and other devices, and small equipment terminals such as unmanned planes, toys and the like, even if the retired battery can not be used in a ladder manner, the abandoned power battery also contains various recyclable rare metals such as cobalt, nickel, lithium and the like and other battery materials, and the retired battery has very high economic value. Therefore, the echelon utilization of the retired battery has objective requirements in the aspect of environmental protection and has wide market prospect due to high economic value.
The evaluation of the attenuation of the packaged battery is mainly the evaluation of the attenuation of the battery capacity, and the reason of the attenuation of the battery capacity is complex, but the evaluation of the attenuation of the voltage is also one of the commonly used evaluation means of the attenuation of the packaged battery because the increase of the internal resistance of the packaged battery is understood as the decrease of the working voltage of the packaged battery along with the increase of the internal resistance of the battery.
In the existing industrial production, the attenuation evaluation of the battery is mainly carried out in a manual mode, the attenuation evaluation is completed through a plurality of process steps of charging, voltage measurement, comparison, screening and the like of a single packaged battery, the working efficiency is low, the misjudgment rate is high due to the influence of the operation experience of workers, and a large-scale and automatic battery grading and sorting method cannot be realized. Therefore, the technical problems of low working efficiency and low automation degree exist in the prior art, and improvement and perfection are urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, it is necessary to provide a method and a system for rapidly grading retired batteries.
A rapid classification method for retired batteries comprises the following steps:
obtaining an initialized packaged battery, wherein the packaged battery comprises a positive electrode cover cap and a negative electrode metal sheet;
acquiring an end image of a packaged battery on a mechanical arm, analyzing the end image and acquiring the arrangement direction of the packaged battery;
the packaged batteries are placed on the battery positioning plate on the conveyor belt according to the arrangement direction of the packaged batteries, a positioning hole matched with the positive electrode cap of the packaged battery is formed in the bottom plate of the battery positioning plate, and the packaged batteries are arranged in the positioning hole of the battery positioning plate;
the packaged batteries on the conveyor belt sequentially pass through at least one stage of classification circuit;
the first-stage classification circuit comprises: the device comprises a primary negative electrode probe capable of contacting with a negative electrode metal sheet, a primary positive electrode probe capable of contacting with a positive electrode cap penetrating through a positioning hole, a primary load resistor with a preset resistance value and a primary push-pull electromagnet;
when the conveyor belt drives the packaged battery to pass through the primary classification circuit, the primary cathode probe and the primary anode probe simultaneously contact the packaged battery, the packaged battery is used as a power supply of the primary classification circuit to conduct the primary classification circuit, if the voltage of the packaged battery exceeds a primary voltage threshold value set through the primary load resistor, the packaged battery conducts the primary classification circuit and excites the primary push-pull electromagnet, and the package battery is ejected from the battery positioning plate by the elastic column of the excited primary push-pull electromagnet;
if the voltage of the packaged battery is lower than the primary voltage threshold value, the packaged battery is conducted with the primary classification circuit and does not excite the primary push-pull electromagnet, and the packaged battery continues to move along with the conveyor belt until the packaged battery falls into the crushing classification box.
Further, the step of obtaining an initialized packaged battery comprises:
obtaining packaged batteries in the same battery pack; or, all fully charged packaged batteries are obtained.
Further, the packaged battery is a cylindrical battery or a square battery.
Furthermore, the primary load resistor is an adjustable resistor, a first attenuation voltage threshold of the packaging voltage is obtained according to the capacity attenuation data of the packaging battery, a primary attenuation resistance value of the adjustable resistor of the primary classification circuit is calculated according to the first attenuation voltage threshold, and the primary load resistor is adjusted to the primary attenuation resistance value.
Further, the step of acquiring an end image of the packaged battery on the mechanical arm, analyzing the end image, and acquiring the arrangement direction of the packaged battery includes:
the mechanical arm grabs at least one packaged battery from the storage box;
the mechanical arm controls the packaged battery to pass through an image recognition device, and the image recognition device acquires an end image of the packaged battery;
identifying whether the packaged battery in the end image contains a positive electrode cap or not through an identification neural network model;
if the end image comprises the positive electrode cap, taking the positive electrode direction of the packaged battery as the arrangement direction, and continuously moving the packaged battery by the mechanical arm;
and if the end image does not comprise the positive electrode cap, adjusting the grabbing direction of the packaged battery by the mechanical arm or returning the packaged battery to the storage box by the mechanical arm.
Further, the step of sequentially passing the packaged batteries on the conveyor belt through at least one stage of sorting circuit comprises:
the packaged batteries on the conveyor belt sequentially pass through a primary classification circuit and a secondary classification circuit, wherein the secondary classification circuit comprises a secondary cathode probe capable of being in contact with a cathode metal sheet, a secondary anode probe capable of being in contact with an anode cap penetrating through a positioning hole, a secondary load resistor with a preset resistance value and a secondary push-pull electromagnet;
when the conveyor belt drives the packaged battery to pass through the secondary classification circuit, the secondary cathode probe and the secondary anode probe simultaneously contact the packaged battery, the packaged battery serves as a power supply of the secondary classification circuit to conduct the secondary classification circuit, if the voltage of the packaged battery exceeds a secondary voltage threshold value set through the secondary load resistor, the packaged battery conducts the secondary classification circuit and excites the secondary push-pull electromagnet, and the package battery is ejected from the battery positioning plate through the elastic column of the excited secondary push-pull electromagnet.
Further, the battery positioning plate includes: the bottom plate, the rear baffle and the side baffles;
the bottom plate is provided with a positioning hole matched with the positive electrode cap;
the rear baffle is used for preventing the packaged battery from tilting backwards when being pushed by the probe;
the side baffle is provided with an elastic column window for the elastic column of the push-pull electromagnet to pass through.
Furthermore, the battery positioning plate is a conductive metal plate, when the conveyor belt drives the battery positioning plate and the packaged battery to pass through the primary classification circuit, the primary positive electrode probe sweeps through a side baffle of the battery positioning plate, a contact path between the side baffle and the primary positive electrode probe is larger than a contact path between the side baffle and a metal cap, and the primary negative electrode probe sweeps through a negative electrode metal sheet of the packaged battery.
Further, the width of conveyer belt slightly is greater than the width of battery locating plate.
In view of the above problems, the present invention further provides a system for rapidly grading a retired battery, the system comprising:
the battery pack comprises a mechanical arm, a battery pack body and a battery pack, wherein the mechanical arm acquires an initialized packaged battery which comprises a positive electrode cover cap and a negative electrode metal sheet;
the image recognition module acquires an end image of the packaged battery on the mechanical arm, analyzes the end image and acquires the arrangement direction of the packaged battery;
the conveyor belt system is used for placing the packaged batteries into a battery positioning plate on the conveyor belt according to the arrangement direction of the packaged batteries, a bottom plate of the battery positioning plate is provided with a positioning hole matched with a positive electrode cap of the packaged batteries, the packaged batteries are arranged in the positioning hole of the battery positioning plate, and the packaged batteries on the conveyor belt sequentially pass through at least one stage of classification circuit;
a primary classification circuit, the primary classification circuit comprising: the device comprises a primary negative electrode probe capable of being in contact with a negative electrode metal sheet, a primary positive electrode probe capable of being in contact with a positive electrode cap penetrating through a positioning hole, a primary load resistor with a preset resistance value and a primary push-pull electromagnet; when the conveyor belt drives the packaged battery to pass through the primary classification circuit, the primary cathode probe and the primary anode probe simultaneously contact the packaged battery, the packaged battery serves as a power supply of the primary classification circuit to conduct the primary classification circuit, if the voltage of the packaged battery exceeds a primary voltage threshold value set through the primary load resistor, the packaged battery conducts the primary classification circuit and excites the primary push-pull electromagnet, an elastic column of the excited primary push-pull electromagnet ejects the packaged battery from a battery positioning plate, if the voltage of the packaged battery is lower than the primary voltage threshold value, the packaged battery conducts the primary classification circuit and does not excite the primary push-pull electromagnet, and the packaged battery continues to move along with the conveyor belt until the packaged battery falls into the crushing classification box.
According to the scheme, a production line for screening the ex-service batteries in a grading manner is arranged, firstly, all packaged batteries are arranged on a battery positioning plate of a conveyor belt in a direction that a positive electrode is downward, the positioning hole can be used for positioning the packaged batteries in a manner that a positive electrode cap falls into the positioning hole, and the packaged batteries are stabilized on the conveyor belt through the positioning plate and move along with the conveyor belt; secondly, the positioning plate and the packaged batteries are driven to pass through at least a primary classification circuit by the movement of the conveyor belt, the primary classification circuit screens out the packaged batteries which are initialized and accord with a primary voltage threshold, and the packaged batteries which do not accord with the primary voltage threshold fall into a crushing classification box to be crushed and recycled; secondly, a primary classification circuit and a possible secondary classification circuit are arranged on the traveling path of the packaged battery, when the packaged battery passes through the primary classification circuit, the primary cathode probe contacts a cathode metal sheet of the packaged battery, the primary anode probe contacts an anode cap of the packaged battery, the packaged battery is used as a power supply of the primary classification circuit to conduct the primary classification circuit, at the moment, if the attenuation of the primary classification battery meets the requirements of the primary classification, namely the voltage of the packaged battery is higher than a primary voltage threshold value, the voltage of the packaged battery is adjusted to the voltage of the packaged battery through the primary load resistance of the primary classification circuit, the primary classification circuit can be conducted to the switching voltage of the primary push-pull electromagnet, the packaged battery can excite the primary push-pull electromagnet, the excited spring column of the primary electromagnet pops out the packaged battery from the battery positioning plate, the popped packaged battery is collected into a first classification box, the un-popped packaged battery continues to pass through the secondary classification circuit, the packaged battery with more serious attenuation and lower voltage is screened until the packaged battery which is too serious in attenuation and has no recycling value is screened, and finally, and the packaged battery automatically crushed and falls into the classification box. Because the positive cap of encapsulation battery can be fixed a position to the locating hole, when the encapsulation battery passes through the end of conveyer belt and turns round the direction, the encapsulation battery can break away from the locating hole automatically and fall into crushing classification case.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Wherein:
FIG. 1 is a first diagram illustrating a system for rapid grading of retired batteries, according to an embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a second exemplary architecture of a system for rapid classification of retired batteries;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a positioning plate of the rapid retired battery grading system in one embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a primary electromagnet in a primary sorting circuit according to one embodiment;
FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram of a one-stage classification circuit in one embodiment;
FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram of a two-stage classification circuit in one embodiment;
FIG. 7 is a flowchart of a method for rapid retired battery grading, according to one embodiment.
1-a mechanical arm; 11-a gripper; 12-a telescopic arm; 13-swing arm; 21-a material storage box; 22-a first sort bin; 23-a second sort bin; 24-crushing and sorting box; 31-image recognition means; 41-a conveyor belt; 5-packaging the battery; 6-a battery positioning plate; 61-a tailgate; 62-side baffle; 621-a bullet column; 63-a base plate; 631-a positioning hole; 71-primary negative probe; 72-primary positive electrode probe; 73-a primary load resistance; 81-secondary negative probe; 82-secondary positive electrode probe; 83-a second load resistance; 9-primary push-pull electromagnet.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example one
The method for grading and screening the battery attenuation is a very quick and convenient process method, for example, when a battery pack of the same retired power battery comprises a plurality of packaged batteries 5 of the same type and the same working condition, the packaged batteries 5 are subjected to voltage test to screen out waste batteries with serious attenuation, and the packaged batteries 5 with not serious attenuation are subjected to grading recycling according to voltage values, belongs to a conventional grading screening means, and is usually finished by manual testing of workers. The attenuation degree of the batteries is graded through voltage, the basic principle of the method is that 18650 lithium batteries and other packaged batteries 5 are adopted, the internal resistance of the batteries can be continuously increased along with the continuous increase of the service life, the working voltage of the packaged batteries 5 can be reduced along with the increase of the internal resistance of the batteries, although the reduction process is nonlinear, the voltage sorting still has the advantages of simplicity, rapidness and accuracy based on a plurality of packaged batteries 5 with higher similarity such as the same battery pack, and the voltage is still efficiently measured in the industrial sorting process of the voltage sorting method on the basis of the advantages of the voltage sorting.
In order to solve the above technical problem, the present embodiment provides a method for quickly grading retired batteries, as shown in fig. 7, including the following steps:
s101: and acquiring an initialized packaged battery 5, wherein the packaged battery 5 comprises a positive electrode cover cap and a negative electrode metal sheet.
Specifically, the step of initializing includes obtaining all packaged batteries 5 in the same battery pack, where all packaged batteries 5 have the same initial state.
In the battery pack recycling process, the attenuation degree of the partial packaged batteries 5 in the retired battery pack is small, the internal resistance value is small, the working voltage maintaining condition is good, the requirement of primary utilization of repeated echelon utilization can be met, the attenuation loss of the partial packaged batteries 5 is serious, secondary utilization in echelon utilization can only be met, tertiary utilization is even unavailable, the packaged batteries 5 with serious attenuation are low in working voltage, and test voltage threshold values are reasonably set, so that the packaged batteries 5 meeting the echelon utilization and waste batteries needing to be crushed and recycled can be conveniently and quickly screened out.
Specifically, the packaged battery 5 refers to a cylindrical battery or a square battery, the packaged battery 5 has a positive electrode cap to be matched with the positioning hole 631 of the battery positioning plate 6 in the present embodiment, and meanwhile, the packaged battery 5 subjected to image recognition can be placed on the conveyor belt 41 along a preset electrode direction.
S102: an end image of the packaged battery 5 on the robot arm 1 is acquired, the end image is analyzed, and the arrangement direction of the packaged battery 5 is acquired.
Specifically, the mechanical arm 1 is used for moving the packaged batteries 5 from the storage box 21 to the battery positioning plate 6 of the conveyor belt 41, in the process that the mechanical arm 1 moves the packaged batteries 5, the moving path of the packaged batteries 5 passes through the image recognition device 31, the image recognition device 31 comprises a CCD camera and an image analysis module, the CCD camera shoots end images of the packaged batteries 5 from bottom to top, and the image analysis module judges whether the shot end images contain positive electrode caps.
If the end image includes a positive electrode cap, it indicates that the positive electrode of the packaged battery 5 faces downward, and the robot arm 1 continues to move in the same direction as the arrangement direction of the packaged batteries 5.
If the end image does not include the positive electrode cap, it indicates that the positive electrode of the packaged battery 5 is not facing downward. The grabbing direction of the packaged battery 5 of the mechanical arm 1 is an alternative, or the anode faces downwards, or the cathode faces downwards, if the anode of the packaged battery 5 does not face downwards, it indicates that the cathode of the packaged battery 5 faces downwards, which is inconsistent with the arrangement direction of the packaged battery 5, and it is necessary to adjust the grabbing direction of the mechanical arm 1, or to return the packaged battery 5 to the storage box 21.
Specifically, the image analysis module comprises a recognition neural network model, and the recognition accuracy of the end image to the anode cap can be ensured by training the recognition neural network model.
The mechanical arm 1 grabs at least one packaged battery 5 from the storage box 21; the mechanical arm 1 controls the packaged battery 5 to pass through an image recognition device 31, and the image recognition device 31 acquires an end image of the packaged battery 5; identifying whether the packaged battery 5 in the end image contains a positive cap by identifying a neural network model; if the end image comprises the positive electrode cap, taking the positive electrode direction of the packaged battery 5 as the arrangement direction, and continuously moving the packaged battery 5 by the mechanical arm 1; if the end image does not include the positive cap, the robot arm 1 adjusts the grasping direction of the packaged battery 5 or the robot arm 1 returns the packaged battery 5 to the magazine 21.
Specifically, the mechanical arm 1 comprises a gripper 11, a telescopic arm 12 and a swing arm 13, the swing arm 13 swings to enable the mechanical arm 1 to move from the storage box 21 to the conveying belt 41, the telescopic arm 12 controls the gripper 11 to move in a telescopic mode along the swing arm 13, and the gripper 11 is used for gripping the packaged batteries 5 and placing the packaged batteries 5 into the battery positioning plate 6 along the arrangement direction.
S103: the packaged batteries 5 are placed into the battery positioning plate 6 on the conveyor belt 41 according to the arrangement direction of the packaged batteries 5, the bottom plate 63 of the battery positioning plate 6 is provided with a positioning hole 631 matched with the positive electrode cap of the packaged batteries 5, and the packaged batteries 5 are arranged in the positioning hole 631 of the battery positioning plate 6.
The packaged batteries 5 in the arrangement direction are confirmed in step S102, the positive electrode falls downward into the battery positioning plate 6, and the positive electrode cap falls into the positioning hole 631 of the battery positioning plate 6, so that the packaged batteries 5 can be stably and accurately placed in the battery positioning plate 6, and the packaged batteries 5 can be tested and sorted by a subsequent sorting circuit.
The contact area of the positive electrode of the packaged battery 5 can be increased through the battery positioning plate 6, and the contact time of the primary positive electrode probe 72 and the positive electrode of the packaged battery 5 can be greatly increased.
Specifically, the battery positioning plate 6 is a conductive metal plate, and the positive electrode cap of the packaged battery 5 falls into the positioning hole 631 of the metal plate and contacts with the metal plate. When the packaged battery 5 passes through the primary classification circuit, the primary positive electrode probe 72 contacts the side baffle 62 of the battery positioning plate to conduct the primary classification circuit.
Compared with the negative metal sheet, the positive cap has a smaller area and protrudes out of the body of the packaged battery 5, so that the conventional probe scheme is easy to deviate from the moving track of the positive cap to cause detection errors and even detection failure, and the area of the positive cap is smaller, so that the contact time of the primary positive probe 72 and the positive cap is too short, the contact time of the positive electrode is far shorter than that of the negative electrode, the detection time of the primary classification circuit is shortened, in order to ensure the accuracy of a detection result, the conveying speed of a conveyor belt needs to be adjusted lower to increase the contact time of the positive electrode, and the working efficiency of a production line is greatly reduced. Current conventional scheme hardly compromises battery locating plate 6 and anodal block's contact stability and contact easy separation nature, and contact stability can guarantee that battery locating plate 6 and anodal block are connected stably to guarantee one-level classification circuit's normal work, contact easy separation nature ensures that follow-up encapsulation battery 5 can normally fall into in smashing classification case 24 at the end of conveyer belt 41. In this scheme, through setting up locating hole 631, not only can place encapsulation battery 5 accurate location, stability on conveyer belt 41, setting that can also be convenient is on battery locating plate 6, and battery locating plate 6 sets up the form that sets up to have locating hole 631 and can also compromise contact stability and contact ease of separation nature. This battery locating plate 6 and locating hole 631 have outstanding advantages such as simple structure, function are comprehensive.
Furthermore, the battery positioning plate 6 can also increase the contact time between the first-level positive electrode probe 72 and the positive electrode cap, which is an improved scheme made for improving the detection efficiency in the scheme.
Further, as shown in fig. 3, the battery positioning plate 6 includes: a bottom plate 63, a back baffle 61 and a side baffle 62; the bottom plate 63 is provided with a positioning hole 631 matched with the anode cap; the rear baffle 61 is used for preventing the packaged battery 5 from tilting backwards when being pulled by the probe; the side guard 62 is provided with a pin opening window for the pin 621 of the push-pull electromagnet to pass through. Through setting up the push-and-pull electro-magnet, can be when the encapsulation battery 5 passes through one-level classification circuit convenient screening qualified battery.
S104: as shown in fig. 1-2, fig. 1 is a left part of a retired battery rapid grading system, fig. 2 is a right part of the retired battery rapid grading system, and fig. 1 and fig. 2 are combined into a schematic diagram of a complete retired battery rapid grading system. The packaged batteries 5 on the conveyor belt 41 sequentially pass through at least one stage of sorting circuit; if the packaged batteries pass through the primary sorting circuit in sequence, the packaged batteries 5 are divided into primary screening batteries (which can be used in a graded manner) and waste batteries to be crushed (which cannot be used in a graded manner); if the packaged battery 5 sequentially passes through the primary classification circuit and the secondary classification circuit, the packaged battery is classified into a primary screening battery (capable of being used in a graded manner), a secondary screening battery (capable of being used in a graded manner) and a waste battery to be crushed (incapable of being used in a graded manner).
S105: the first-stage classification circuit includes: a primary negative probe 71 which can be contacted with the negative metal sheet, a primary positive probe 72 which can be contacted with the positive cap passing through the positioning hole 631, a primary load resistor 73 for pre-adjusting the resistance value and a primary push-pull electromagnet 9; when the conveyor belt 41 drives the packaged battery 5 to pass through the primary classification circuit, the primary cathode probe 71 and the primary anode probe 72 simultaneously contact the packaged battery 5, the packaged battery 5 serves as a power supply of the primary classification circuit to conduct the primary classification circuit, if the voltage of the packaged battery 5 exceeds a primary voltage threshold value set through the primary load resistor 73, the packaged battery 5 conducts the primary classification circuit and excites the primary push-pull electromagnet 9, and as shown in fig. 3-4, the package battery 5 is ejected from the battery positioning plate 6 by an elastic column 621 of the excited primary push-pull electromagnet 9; if the voltage of the packaged battery 5 is lower than the primary voltage threshold value, the packaged battery 5 conducts the primary classification circuit and does not excite the primary push-pull electromagnet 9, and the packaged battery 5 continues to move along with the conveyor belt 41 until the packaged battery falls into the crushing classification box 24.
As shown in fig. 5, R1 of the primary classification circuit is a load resistor, VD1 is a light emitting diode, SQ1 is a switch conducted through a primary cathode probe 71, SQ2 is a switch conducted through a primary anode probe 72, L1 and P1 are adjustable resistors for adjusting operating voltage, and U is a packaged battery 5.
As shown in fig. 6, R2 of the primary classification circuit is a load resistor, VD2 is a light emitting diode, SQ3 is a switch conducted through the primary cathode probe 71, SQ4 is a switch conducted through the primary anode probe 72, L2 and P2 are adjustable resistors for adjusting the operating voltage, and U is the packaged battery 5.
Specifically, the primary load resistor 73 is an adjustable resistor, a first attenuation voltage threshold of the package voltage is obtained according to the capacity attenuation data of the package battery 5, a primary attenuation resistance value of the adjustable resistor of the primary classification circuit is calculated according to the first attenuation voltage threshold, and the primary load resistor 73 is adjusted to the primary attenuation resistance value.
Specifically, in order to make the first-stage positive electrode probe 72 contact the positive electrode cap, the bottom of the conveyor belt 41 is provided with a probe windowing matched with the battery positioning plate 6, when the conveyor belt 41 drives the battery positioning plate 6 and the packaged battery 5 to pass through the first-stage classification circuit, the first-stage positive electrode probe 72 passes through the probe windowing and contacts with the positive electrode cap in the positioning hole 631 of the bottom plate 63 of the battery positioning plate 6. In other embodiments, the primary positive probe 72 may contact the positive cap in other ways.
In this step, the first-class classification circuit needs to be conducted through the first-class positive probe 72 and the first-class negative probe 71 when the packaged battery 5 passes through the test point, and when the first-class classification circuit is conducted, the packaged battery 5 as the test target becomes a power supply device of the test circuit, that is, when the first-class positive probe 72 and the first-class negative probe 71 contact and conduct the first-class classification circuit, the packaged battery 5 as the test target becomes a part of the first-class classification circuit, which can be understood as: the packaged battery 5 as a test target becomes a power source for a test circuit to test whether or not the degree of battery degradation and the sorting level are achieved by itself. The characteristics of the packaged battery 5 are skillfully utilized to be matched with the classification circuit, so that the advantages of rapid test, additional circuit device saving, additional power supply saving, test energy saving and the like are achieved. It is also understood that the degree of attenuation of the target battery is measured by a test circuit without a power supply.
In another embodiment, as shown in fig. 6, the apparatus further comprises a secondary sorting circuit, the packaged batteries 5 on the conveyor belt 41 sequentially pass through the primary sorting circuit and the secondary sorting circuit, the secondary sorting circuit comprises a secondary negative probe 81 capable of contacting with a negative metal sheet, a secondary positive probe 82 capable of contacting with a positive cap passing through the positioning hole 631, a secondary load resistor with a preset resistance value, and a secondary push-pull electromagnet; when the conveyor belt 41 drives the packaged battery 5 to pass through the secondary classification circuit, the secondary cathode probe 81 and the secondary anode probe 82 simultaneously contact the packaged battery 5, the packaged battery 5 serves as a power supply of the secondary classification circuit to conduct the secondary classification circuit, if the voltage of the packaged battery 5 exceeds a secondary voltage threshold value set through the secondary load resistor, the packaged battery 5 conducts the secondary classification circuit and excites the secondary push-pull electromagnet, and the elastic column 621 of the excited secondary push-pull electromagnet ejects the packaged battery 5 from the battery positioning plate 6 and falls into the secondary classification box 23.
Specifically, the width of the conveyor belt 41 is slightly larger than the width of the battery positioning plate 6, so that the packaged battery 5 can conveniently fall into the sorting box arranged on the side when being impacted by the elastic column 621 of the push-pull electromagnet. An excessively wide conveyor belt 41 may cause the ejected packaged batteries 5 to fall to the side of the conveyor belt 41 and not fall into the sorting bin.
According to the scheme, a production line for screening the ex-service batteries in a grading manner is arranged, firstly, all the packaged batteries 5 are arranged on the battery positioning plate 6 of the conveyor belt 41 in the anode-down direction, the positioning holes 631 can be used for positioning the packaged batteries 5 in a manner that anode caps fall into the positioning holes 631, and the packaged batteries 5 are stabilized on the conveyor belt 41 through the positioning plates and move along with the conveyor belt 41; secondly, the positioning plate and the packaged batteries 5 are driven by the movement of the conveyor belt 41 to pass through at least a primary classification circuit, the primary classification circuit screens out the packaged batteries 5 which are initialized and accord with a primary voltage threshold, and the packaged batteries 5 which do not accord with the primary voltage threshold fall into the crushing classification box 24 for crushing and recycling; secondly, a primary classification circuit and a possible secondary classification circuit are arranged on the traveling path of the packaged battery 5, when the packaged battery 5 passes through the primary classification circuit, the primary cathode probe 71 contacts a cathode metal sheet of the packaged battery 5, the primary anode probe 72 contacts an anode cap of the packaged battery 5, the packaged battery 5 as a power source of the primary classification circuit is conducted to the primary classification circuit, at this time, if the attenuation of the primary classification battery meets the requirement of the primary classification, namely the voltage of the packaged battery 5 is higher than a primary voltage threshold value, the voltage of the packaged battery 5 is adjusted to the voltage of the packaged battery 5 through a primary load resistor 73 of the primary classification circuit, the primary classification circuit is conducted to the switching voltage of the primary push-pull electromagnet 9, namely the packaged battery 5 can excite the primary push-pull electromagnet 9, the excited spring column 621 of the primary electromagnet ejects the packaged battery 5 from the battery positioning plate 6, the ejected packaged battery 5 is collected into the first classification box 22, the ejected packaged battery 5 continues to pass through the secondary classification circuit, the primary classification circuit is attenuated more heavily, the voltage is screened until no battery 5 falls into the packaging battery positioning hole 24 without too much attenuation, and the packaged battery 5 can be automatically crushed and falls into the final classification box 24 when the packaged battery 5 is automatically separated from the packaging box.
Example two
The embodiment provides a method for quickly grading retired batteries, and the technical problem to be solved by the embodiment is as follows: the packaged battery 5 is used as a primary classification circuit of a test object, the popping action of the elastic column 621 of the primary push-pull electromagnet 9 is mechanically imperfect and reliable, and the elastic column 621 is blocked or popped out abnormally due to improper matching of the elastic column 621 and the battery positioning plate 6, so that the packaged battery 5 is not popped out normally. In order to further improve the classification reliability of the rapid retired battery classification method, the embodiment provides an embodiment of the rapid retired battery classification method, and the method of the embodiment includes the following steps:
y1: passing the packaged batteries 5 on the conveyor belt 41 sequentially through at least one stage of sorting circuit;
y2: the first-stage classification circuit includes: a primary negative probe 71 which can be contacted with the negative metal sheet, a primary positive probe 72 which can be contacted with the positive cap passing through the positioning hole 631, a primary load resistor 73 with a preset resistance value, a primary push-pull electromagnet 9 and a primary light-emitting diode which displays whether the primary classification circuit is excited or not.
When the conveyor belt 41 drives the packaged battery 5 to pass through the primary classification circuit, the primary cathode probe 71 and the primary anode probe 72 simultaneously contact the packaged battery 5, the packaged battery 5 serves as a power supply of the primary classification circuit to conduct the primary classification circuit, if the voltage of the packaged battery 5 exceeds a primary voltage threshold value set through the primary load resistor 73, the packaged battery 5 conducts the primary classification circuit and excites the primary push-pull electromagnet 9, the elastic column 621 of the excited primary push-pull electromagnet 9 ejects the packaged battery 5 from the battery positioning plate 6, and the primary classification circuit conducts and excites the primary light-emitting diode and lights the primary light-emitting diode.
Y3: the primary classification circuit further comprises a counting module, the counting module comprises a scanning module, a counter and a feedback module, the scanning area of the scanning module is arranged on a path of the packaged battery 5 popped up by the elastic column 621, and when the packaged battery 5 passes through the scanning area, the counting module calculates +1.
After the primary sorting circuit is excited, the encapsulated battery 5 is popped up by the elastic column 621 of the primary push-pull electromagnet 9, and if the counting module is +1, the counting module counts the number of the primary screening batteries in the first sorting box 22;
if the scanning module of the counting module does not scan the packaged battery 5, the elastic column 621 of the primary push-pull electromagnet 9 is judged to have a fault, a secondary pop-up signal which is popped up repeatedly is fed back to the primary push-pull electromagnet 9 through the feedback module, when the primary push-pull electromagnet 9 receives the secondary pop-up signal, the packaged battery 5 is not popped up, the operation speed of the packaged battery 5 is slow, the primary negative probe 71 and the primary positive probe 72 are still conducted with the positive and negative electrodes, the packaged battery 5 still serves as a power supply of the primary classification circuit and can execute the secondary pop-up signal, and the primary push-pull electromagnet 9 executes the instruction of the secondary pop-up signal to perform the second or repeated pop-up action for multiple times, so that the packaged battery 5 can be popped up out of the battery positioning plate 6. The ejected packaged battery 5 is counted +1 by passing through the scanning area of the counting module.
Through the method, when the packaged battery 5 passes through the primary classification circuit, the primary push-pull electromagnet 9 can execute at least 2 popping actions, namely the first popping action when the primary positive probe 72 and the primary negative elastic column 621 are conducted and excite the primary classification battery and the second popping action after the abnormal popping is fed back by the counting module, so that the failure probability that the packaged battery 5 is not popped normally due to improper mechanical matching can be reduced, and the screening reliability of the primary classification circuit is improved.
EXAMPLE III
The method for grading and screening the battery attenuation is a very quick and convenient process method, for example, when a plurality of packaged batteries 5 of the same type and the same working condition are sorted in a battery pack of the same retired power battery, the voltage of the packaged batteries 5 is tested to screen out waste batteries with serious attenuation, and the packaged batteries 5 with not serious attenuation are graded and recycled according to voltage values, so that the conventional grading screening means is adopted. The attenuation degree of the battery is graded through voltage, the basic principle of the method is that the packaged batteries 5 such as lithium batteries and the like are adopted, the internal resistance of the battery can be continuously increased along with the continuous increase of the service life, the working voltage of the packaged batteries 5 can be reduced along with the increase of the internal resistance of the battery, although the reduction process is nonlinear, the voltage is still simply, quickly and accurately measured based on a plurality of packaged batteries 5 with higher similarity such as unified battery packs, the voltage sorting has the advantages of simplicity, rapidness and accuracy, and based on the advantages of the voltage sorting, the voltage is still efficiently measured in the industrial sorting process of the method, the voltage is still highly influenced to the output most.
In order to solve the above technical problem, the present embodiment provides a system for quickly grading retired batteries, where the system includes:
the battery pack comprises a mechanical arm 1, wherein the mechanical arm 1 acquires an initialized packaged battery 5, and the packaged battery 5 comprises a positive electrode cap and a negative electrode metal sheet;
the image recognition module is used for acquiring an end image of the packaged battery 5 on the mechanical arm 1, analyzing the end image and acquiring the arrangement direction of the packaged battery 5;
the conveyor belt 41 system is used for placing the packaged batteries 5 into the battery positioning plate 6 on the conveyor belt 41 according to the arrangement direction of the packaged batteries 5, a bottom plate 63 of the battery positioning plate 6 is provided with a positioning hole 631 matched with a positive electrode cap of the packaged batteries 5, the packaged batteries 5 are arranged in the positioning hole 631 of the battery positioning plate 6, and the packaged batteries 5 on the conveyor belt 41 sequentially pass through at least one stage of sorting circuit;
a primary classification circuit, the primary classification circuit comprising: a primary negative probe 71 which can be contacted with the negative metal sheet, a primary positive probe 72 which can be contacted with the positive cap passing through the positioning hole 631, a primary load resistor 73 for pre-adjusting the resistance value and a primary push-pull electromagnet 9; when the conveyor belt 41 drives the packaged battery 5 to pass through the primary classification circuit, the primary cathode probe 71 and the primary anode probe 72 simultaneously contact the packaged battery 5, the packaged battery 5 serves as a power supply of the primary classification circuit to conduct the primary classification circuit, if the voltage of the packaged battery 5 exceeds a primary voltage threshold value set through the primary load resistor 73, the packaged battery 5 conducts the primary classification circuit and excites the primary push-pull electromagnet 9, the elastic column 621 of the excited primary push-pull electromagnet 9 ejects the packaged battery 5 from the battery positioning plate 6, if the voltage of the packaged battery 5 is lower than the primary voltage threshold value, the packaged battery 5 conducts the primary classification circuit and does not excite the primary push-pull electromagnet 9, and the packaged battery 5 continues to advance along with the conveyor belt 41 until the packaged battery 5 falls into the crushing classification box 24.
According to the scheme, the rapid retired battery grading system is provided with a production line for grading and screening retired batteries, all packaged batteries 5 are arranged on a battery positioning plate 6 of a conveyor belt 41 in the positive downward direction, the positioning hole 631 can be used for positioning the packaged batteries 5 in a manner that a positive cap falls into the positioning hole 631, and the packaged batteries 5 are stabilized on the conveyor belt 41 and move along with the conveyor belt 41 through the positioning plate; secondly, the positioning plate and the packaged batteries 5 are driven by the movement of the conveyor belt 41 to pass through at least a primary classification circuit, the primary classification circuit screens out the packaged batteries 5 which are initialized and accord with a primary voltage threshold, and the packaged batteries 5 which do not accord with the primary voltage threshold fall into the crushing classification box 24 for crushing and recycling; secondly, a primary classification circuit and a possible secondary classification circuit are arranged on the traveling path of the packaged battery 5, when the packaged battery 5 passes through the primary classification circuit, the primary cathode probe 71 contacts a cathode metal sheet of the packaged battery 5, the primary anode probe 72 contacts an anode cap of the packaged battery 5, the packaged battery 5 as a power source of the primary classification circuit is conducted to the primary classification circuit, at this time, if the attenuation of the primary classification battery meets the requirement of the primary classification, namely the voltage of the packaged battery 5 is higher than a primary voltage threshold value, the voltage of the packaged battery 5 is adjusted to the voltage of the packaged battery 5 through a primary load resistor 73 of the primary classification circuit, the primary classification circuit is conducted to the switching voltage of the primary push-pull electromagnet 9, namely the packaged battery 5 can excite the primary push-pull electromagnet 9, the excited spring column 621 of the primary electromagnet ejects the packaged battery 5 from the battery positioning plate 6, the ejected packaged battery 5 is collected into the first classification box 22, the ejected packaged battery 5 continues to pass through the secondary classification circuit, the primary classification circuit is attenuated more heavily, the voltage is screened until no battery 5 falls into the packaging battery positioning hole 24 without too much attenuation, and the packaged battery 5 can be automatically crushed and falls into the final classification box 24 when the packaged battery 5 is automatically separated from the packaging box.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and the like are used herein for purposes of illustration only.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present application, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present application. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, which falls within the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. A rapid classification method for retired batteries is characterized by comprising the following steps:
obtaining an initialized packaged battery, wherein the packaged battery comprises a positive electrode cover cap and a negative electrode metal sheet;
acquiring an end image of a packaged battery on a mechanical arm, analyzing the end image and acquiring the arrangement direction of the packaged battery;
put the battery locating plate on the conveyer belt with the encapsulation battery according to the direction of arranging of encapsulation battery, the battery locating plate includes: the battery positioning plate comprises a bottom plate, a rear baffle and side baffles, wherein a positioning hole matched with an anode cap of a packaged battery is formed in the bottom plate of the battery positioning plate, the packaged battery is arranged in the positioning hole of the battery positioning plate, and the rear baffle is used for preventing the packaged battery from tilting backwards when being stirred by a primary cathode probe; the side baffle is provided with an elastic column window for the elastic column of the primary push-pull electromagnet to pass through;
sequentially passing the packaged batteries on the conveyor belt through at least one stage of classification circuit;
the first-stage classification circuit includes: the device comprises a primary negative electrode probe capable of contacting with a negative electrode metal sheet, a primary positive electrode probe capable of contacting with a positive electrode cap penetrating through a positioning hole, a primary load resistor with a preset resistance value and a primary push-pull electromagnet;
the battery positioning plate is a conductive metal plate, when a conveyor belt drives a packaged battery to pass through a primary classification circuit, a primary negative electrode probe and a primary positive electrode probe simultaneously contact the packaged battery, the primary positive electrode probe sweeps a side baffle of the battery positioning plate, the contact path between the side baffle and the primary positive electrode probe is larger than that between the side baffle and a metal cap, the primary negative electrode probe sweeps a negative electrode metal sheet of the packaged battery, the packaged battery is used as a power supply of the primary classification circuit to conduct the primary classification circuit, if the voltage of the packaged battery exceeds a primary voltage threshold value set through a primary load resistor, the packaged battery conducts the primary classification circuit and excites a primary push-pull electromagnet, and an elastic column of the excited primary push-pull electromagnet ejects the packaged battery from the battery positioning plate;
if the voltage of the packaged battery is lower than the primary voltage threshold value, the packaged battery is conducted to the primary classification circuit and does not excite the primary push-pull electromagnet, and the packaged battery continues to move along with the conveyor belt until the packaged battery falls into the crushing classification box.
2. The rapid retired battery grading method according to claim 1, wherein the step of obtaining initialized packaged batteries comprises:
obtaining packaged batteries in the same battery pack;
or, obtaining a fully charged packaged battery.
3. The method for rapidly grading ex-service batteries according to claim 1, wherein the packaged batteries are cylindrical batteries or square batteries.
4. The method for rapidly grading ex-service batteries according to claim 1, wherein the primary load resistor is an adjustable resistor, the first attenuation voltage threshold of the package voltage is obtained according to the capacity attenuation data of the package battery, the primary attenuation resistance value of the adjustable resistor of the primary classification circuit is calculated according to the first attenuation voltage threshold, and the primary load resistor is adjusted to the primary attenuation resistance value.
5. The method for rapidly grading ex-service batteries according to claim 1, wherein the step of acquiring an end image of the packaged battery on the mechanical arm, analyzing the end image and acquiring the arrangement direction of the packaged battery comprises:
the mechanical arm grabs at least one packaged battery from the storage box;
the mechanical arm controls the packaged battery to pass through an image recognition device, and the image recognition device acquires an end image of the packaged battery;
identifying whether the packaged battery in the end image contains a positive electrode cap or not through an identification neural network model;
if the end image comprises the anode cap, taking the anode direction of the packaged battery as the arrangement direction, and continuously moving the packaged battery by the mechanical arm;
and if the end image does not comprise the positive electrode cap, adjusting the grabbing direction of the packaged battery by the mechanical arm or returning the packaged battery to the storage box by the mechanical arm.
6. The method for rapidly grading ex-service batteries according to claim 1, wherein the step of sequentially passing the packaged batteries on the conveyor through at least one stage of sorting circuit comprises:
sequentially passing the packaged batteries on the conveyor belt through a primary classification circuit and a secondary classification circuit, wherein the secondary classification circuit comprises a secondary cathode probe capable of being in contact with a cathode metal sheet, a secondary anode probe capable of being in contact with an anode cap penetrating through a positioning hole, a secondary load resistor with a preset resistance value and a secondary push-pull electromagnet;
when the conveyor belt drives the packaged battery to pass through the secondary classification circuit, the secondary cathode probe and the secondary anode probe simultaneously contact the packaged battery, the packaged battery serves as a power supply of the secondary classification circuit to conduct the secondary classification circuit, if the voltage of the packaged battery exceeds a secondary voltage threshold value set through the secondary load resistor, the packaged battery conducts the secondary classification circuit and excites the secondary push-pull electromagnet, and the package battery is ejected from the battery positioning plate through the elastic column of the excited secondary push-pull electromagnet.
7. The rapid retired battery grading method according to claim 1, wherein the width of the conveyor belt is slightly larger than the width of the battery positioning plate.
8. A system for rapid grading of ex-service batteries, the system comprising:
the battery pack comprises a mechanical arm, a battery pack body and a battery pack, wherein the mechanical arm acquires an initialized packaged battery which comprises a positive electrode cover cap and a negative electrode metal sheet;
the image recognition module acquires an end image of the packaged battery on the mechanical arm, analyzes the end image and acquires the arrangement direction of the packaged battery;
a conveyor system that places the packaged batteries on a battery positioning plate on a conveyor belt according to a disposition direction of the packaged batteries, the battery positioning plate including: the battery positioning plate comprises a bottom plate, a rear baffle and side baffles, wherein a positioning hole matched with an anode cap of a packaged battery is formed in the bottom plate of the battery positioning plate, the packaged battery is arranged in the positioning hole of the battery positioning plate, and the rear baffle is used for preventing the packaged battery from tilting backwards when being pulled by a primary cathode probe; the side baffle is provided with an elastic column window for the elastic column of the primary push-pull electromagnet to pass through; sequentially passing the packaged batteries on the conveyor belt through at least one stage of classification circuit;
a primary classification circuit, the primary classification circuit comprising: the device comprises a primary negative electrode probe capable of contacting with a negative electrode metal sheet, a primary positive electrode probe capable of contacting with a positive electrode cap penetrating through a positioning hole, a primary load resistor with a preset resistance value and a primary push-pull electromagnet; the battery positioning plate is a conductive metal plate, when a conveyor belt drives a packaged battery to pass through a primary classification circuit, a primary negative electrode probe and a primary positive electrode probe simultaneously contact the packaged battery, the primary positive electrode probe sweeps a side baffle of the battery positioning plate, the contact path between the side baffle and the primary positive electrode probe is larger than that between the side baffle and a metal cap, the primary negative electrode probe sweeps a negative electrode metal sheet of the packaged battery, the packaged battery serves as a power supply of the primary classification circuit to conduct the primary classification circuit, if the voltage of the packaged battery exceeds a primary voltage threshold value set through a primary load resistor, the packaged battery conducts the primary classification circuit and excites a primary push-pull electromagnet, an elastic column of the excited primary push-pull electromagnet ejects the packaged battery from the battery positioning plate, if the voltage of the packaged battery is lower than the primary voltage threshold value, the packaged battery conducts the primary classification circuit and does not excite the primary push-pull electromagnet, and the packaged battery continues to move along with the conveyor belt until the packaged battery falls into a crushing classification box.
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