CN113084511B

CN113084511B - Hub bolt pressing and screwing machine

Info

Publication number: CN113084511B
Application number: CN202110308777.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 杨夏洁; 方淳; 戴晟; 李军; 钟爱国; 秦利明
Original assignee: Taizhou University
Current assignee: Taizhou University
Priority date: 2021-03-23
Filing date: 2021-03-23
Publication date: 2022-06-21
Anticipated expiration: 2041-03-23
Also published as: CN113084511A

Abstract

The invention provides a hub bolt screwing machine, and belongs to the technical field of machinery. The wheel hub bolt screwing machine comprises a rack, wherein a workbench is arranged on the rack, a bolt installing mechanism is arranged on the workbench, the bolt installing mechanism comprises a base, a first driving motor, a transmission assembly, a connecting disc and a plurality of rotary pressing heads, the base is fixedly connected to the workbench, the first driving motor is arranged in the center of the base, a plurality of grooves are formed in the connecting disc, the rotary pressing heads are arranged in the grooves, a motor shaft of the first driving motor penetrates through the connecting disc from bottom to top, each rotary pressing head is connected with the motor shaft through the transmission assembly, a positioning groove is formed in the upper end of each rotary pressing head, and an electromagnet assembly is arranged at the bottom of the positioning groove; and a positioning tool feeding mechanism, a hub bearing feeding mechanism, a bolt feeding mechanism, a gasket feeding mechanism, a spring gasket feeding mechanism and a discharging mechanism are sequentially arranged on the periphery of the upper bolt mechanism. The hub bolt screwing press has high automation level, good consistency of produced products and low cost.

Description

Hub bolt pressing and screwing machine

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of machinery, and particularly relates to a hub bolt screwing machine.

Background

The hub is one of the important parts of the electric vehicle, acts on the front shaft and the rear shaft of the electric vehicle, supports the tire and rotates along with the tire. The hub bearing is usually fixed by providing a bolt on the hub bearing, fastening the bolt with the hub bearing under pressure, and then fixing the bolt to the electric vehicle. The traditional methods have two types: one is that bolts are manually put into bolt holes one by one, then the bolts and a hub bearing are pressed tightly by a pressing mechanism, and the pressing depth of the bolts is observed by naked eyes; the other method is to directly press the bolt into the whole by using larger pressure and then adopt a method of manually testing the bolt torque to check whether the connection between the hub bearing and the bolt is tight. Because the error of the bolt processing plane can reach 0.6mm, and the processing quality of the load reduction groove at the rear part of the bolt is not high, and the shapes are different, the traditional processing method is difficult to judge whether the bolt is in an under-pressure state or not, and the efficiency is low.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, an object of the present invention is to provide a hub bolt press, which aims to improve the productivity of pressing and screwing a bolt to a hub bearing.

The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme: a wheel hub bolt screwing machine comprises a rack, wherein a workbench is arranged on the rack, a bolt screwing mechanism is arranged on the workbench and comprises a base, a first driving motor, a transmission assembly, a connecting disc and a plurality of rotary pressing heads, the base is fixedly connected to the workbench, the first driving motor is installed in the center of the base, a plurality of grooves are formed in the connecting disc, the rotary pressing heads are installed in the grooves, a motor shaft of the first driving motor penetrates through the connecting disc from bottom to top, each rotary pressing head is connected with the motor shaft through the transmission assembly, the rotary pressing heads are cylindrical, a positioning groove for accommodating a bolt is formed in the upper end of each rotary pressing head, and an electromagnet assembly is arranged at the bottom of each positioning groove; go up bolt mechanism's periphery and be equipped with location frock feed mechanism, wheel hub bearing feed mechanism, bolt feed mechanism, gasket feed mechanism, spring washer feed mechanism and discharge mechanism in proper order, bolt feed mechanism, gasket feed mechanism, spring washer feed mechanism, wheel hub bearing feed mechanism and location frock feed mechanism are on material to rotatory pressure head in proper order, rotatory pressure head adsorbs fixedly and presses the bolt to twist to the wheel hub bearing through the electro-magnet.

In the hub bolt screwing machine, the transmission assembly comprises a rotating gear and a plurality of driven gears arranged around the rotating gear, the rotating gear is coaxially connected with a motor shaft of the first driving motor, and the driven gears are sleeved on the rotating pressure head and meshed with the rotating gear.

In foretell wheel hub bolt screwing machine, location frock feed mechanism, wheel hub bearing feed mechanism and discharge mechanism is conveyer belt feed mechanism, conveyer belt feed mechanism includes first support, conveyer belt, second driving motor, block terminal and gripper, the conveyer belt is installed on first support, second driving motor pass through the hold-in range with the conveyer belt is connected, the block terminal install in first support below and with the second driving motor electricity is connected, the one end of conveyer belt with the workstation is pressed close to mutually, the gripper install on the workstation and be close to the conveyer belt.

In the above hub bolt screwing machine, the bolt feeding mechanism, the gasket feeding mechanism and the spring gasket feeding mechanism are vibration disc type feeding mechanisms, each vibration disc type feeding mechanism comprises a vibration disc, a lifting assembly and a turnover manipulator, each lifting assembly comprises a second support, a lifting motor, a rack, a gear and a sliding arm, the second support is fixed on the workbench, a first sliding rail is vertically arranged on the second support, the sliding arm and the second support are vertically arranged and are slidably connected onto the first sliding rail, the rack is vertically arranged on the second support, the lifting motor is fixed on the sliding arm and is coaxially connected with the gear, the gear is meshed with the rack, a second sliding rail is arranged on the sliding arm, and the turnover manipulator is slidably connected onto the second sliding rail.

In the above hub bolt screwing press, the second support includes two parallel vertical rods, and the upper part and the lower part of one of the vertical rods are both provided with position sensors. The sliding arm can be detected and controlled to move up and down in place by arranging the position sensor.

In the hub bolt screwing machine, the sliding arm is a long-stroke rodless cylinder, and the overturning manipulator is fixedly connected to the sliding sleeve of the long-stroke rodless cylinder.

In foretell wheel hub bolt machine of twisting, upset manipulator includes clamping jaw cylinder, revolving cylinder and fixing base, fixing base and sliding sleeve link firmly, revolving cylinder links firmly on the fixing base, the clamping jaw cylinder is installed on revolving cylinder's gear.

In the above hub bolt screwing machine, the rotary cylinder is a gear-type rotary cylinder or a vane-type rotary cylinder.

In the hub bolt screwing press, the clamping opening and closing interval of the clamping jaw air cylinder is 0-75 mm.

Compared with the prior art, the hub bolt screwing machine has the following advantages: 1. automatic and orderly feeding, positioning, pressing, screwing and discharging are realized, the automation level is high, and the production efficiency is high; 2. the design with more than one belt is adopted, so that the synchronism of each rotary pressure head is good, the pressing and twisting effect of each rotary pressure head has no deviation, the consistency of the product is high, and the stability is good; 3. the device has simple and practical structure, does not need manual intervention, basically realizes no manual investment except maintenance, and therefore has low production cost and strong creativity, and is suitable for large-scale popularization and utilization.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a hub bolt press of the embodiment.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the upper bolt mechanism of the embodiment.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the conveyor belt type loading mechanism of the embodiment.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the vibrating disc type feeding mechanism of the embodiment.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the inverting robot of the embodiment.

In the figure, 1, a frame; 2. a work table; 3. a bolt mounting mechanism; 4. a base; 5. a first drive motor; 6. a transmission assembly; 7. a connecting disc; 8. rotating the pressure head; 9. a groove; 10. a rotating gear; 11. a driven gear; 12. positioning a groove; 13. positioning a tool feeding mechanism; 14. a hub bearing feeding mechanism; 15. a bolt feeding mechanism; 16. a gasket feeding mechanism; 17. a spring washer feeding mechanism; 18. a discharging mechanism; 19. a first bracket; 20. a conveyor belt; 21. a second drive motor; 22. a distribution box; 23. a gripper; 24. a synchronous belt; 25. a vibrating pan; 26. a lifting assembly; 27. turning over the manipulator; 28. a second bracket; 29. a lifting motor; 30. a rack; 31. a gear; 32. a slide arm; 33. a position sensor; 34. a first slide rail; 35. a motor base; 36. a second slide rail; 37. a sliding sleeve; 38. a clamping jaw cylinder; 39. a rotating cylinder; 40. a fixed seat.

Detailed Description

The following are specific embodiments of the present invention and are further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the wheel hub bolt screwing machine comprises a frame 1, a workbench 2 is arranged on the frame 1, an upper bolt mechanism 3 is arranged on the workbench 2, the upper bolt mechanism 3 comprises a base 4, a first driving motor 5, a transmission assembly 6, a connecting disc 7 and six rotary pressure heads 8, the base 4 is fixedly connected to the workbench 2, and the first driving motor 5 is arranged at the center of the base 4. The connecting disc 7 is a disc, six grooves 9 are formed in the connecting disc 7, the six grooves 9 are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction around the center of the connecting disc 7, each rotating pressure head 8 is installed in the corresponding groove 9, and a motor shaft of the first driving motor 5 penetrates through the connecting disc 7 from bottom to top. Each rotary pressure head 8 is connected with the motor shaft through a transmission assembly 6, specifically, in the embodiment, the transmission assembly 6 includes a rotating gear 10 and six driven gears 11 which are arranged around the rotating gear 10 and are all meshed with the rotating gear 10, the rotating gear 10 is coaxially connected with the motor shaft of the first driving motor 5, and each driven gear 11 is correspondingly sleeved on one rotary pressure head 8. Rotatory pressure head 8 is the tube-shape, and the constant head tank 12 that is used for holding the bolt is seted up to rotatory pressure head 8 upper end, and constant head tank 12 bottom is equipped with electromagnet assembly (not shown in the figure), thereby can hold the bolt through electromagnet assembly and fix the bolt. Go up the periphery of bolt mechanism 3 and be equipped with location frock feed mechanism 13 in proper order, wheel hub bearing feed mechanism 14, bolt feed mechanism 15, gasket feed mechanism 16, spring gasket feed mechanism 17 and discharge mechanism 18, bolt feed mechanism 15, gasket feed mechanism 16, spring gasket feed mechanism 17, wheel hub bearing feed mechanism 14 and location frock feed mechanism 13 material loading are in proper order on rotatory pressure head 8, rotatory pressure head 8 adsorbs fixedly and screws the bolt to wheel hub bearing through the electro-magnet.

In this embodiment, the positioning tool feeding mechanism 13, the hub bearing feeding mechanism 14, and the discharging mechanism 18 are all belt-type feeding mechanisms. As shown in fig. 3, taking the hub bearing feeding mechanism 14 as an example, the belt feeding mechanism includes a first bracket 19, a conveyor belt 20, a second driving motor 21, a distribution box 22, and a gripper 23. The conveyer belt 20 is installed on first support 19, and second driving motor 21 passes through the hold-in range 24 and is connected with conveyer belt 20, and block terminal 22 is installed below first support 19 and is connected with second driving motor 21 electricity, and the one end of conveyer belt 20 is close to with workstation 2 mutually, and gripper 23 installs on workstation 2 and is close to conveyer belt 20. It should be noted that the conveyor belts 20 of the positioning tool feeding mechanism 13 and the hub bearing feeding mechanism 14 both move toward the workbench 2, and the conveyor belt 20 of the discharging mechanism 18 moves away from the workbench 2. The movement speed of the conveyor belt 20 is controlled by the distribution box 22 and the second driving motor 21, so that the feeding speed or the discharging speed can be regulated and controlled.

Specifically, referring to fig. 3, the bolt feeding mechanism 15, the gasket feeding mechanism 16, and the spring gasket feeding mechanism 17 of the hub bolt press are all vibrating disk type feeding mechanisms. This vibration disk feed mechanism includes vibration dish 25, lifting unit 26 and upset manipulator 27, and lifting unit 26 includes second support 28, elevator motor 29, rack 30, gear 31 and slide arm 32, and second support 28 is fixed on workstation 2, and second support 28 includes two parallel arrangement's pole setting, and the upper portion and the lower part of one of them pole setting all are equipped with position sensor 33. Equal vertical first slide rail 34 that is equipped with in two pole settings, slide arm 32 sets up and sliding connection on first slide rail 34 with second support 28 is perpendicular, the vertical setting of rack 30 is on second support 28, elevator motor 29 passes through motor cabinet 35 to be fixed on slide arm 32, motor cabinet 35 is fixed on the slide arm and the parcel lives gear 31, elevator motor 29's motor shaft pass motor cabinet 35 and with gear 31 coaxial coupling, gear 31 and the meshing of rack 30, be equipped with second slide rail 36 on the slide arm 32, upset manipulator 27 sliding connection is on second slide rail 36. Specifically, the sliding arm 32 in this embodiment is a long-stroke rodless cylinder, and the flipping robot 27 is fixedly connected to a sliding sleeve 37 of the long-stroke rodless cylinder.

Specifically, referring to fig. 4, the flipping robot 27 includes a clamping jaw cylinder 38, a rotary cylinder 39 and a fixing base 40, the fixing base 40 is fixedly connected to the sliding sleeve 37, the rotary cylinder 39 is fixedly connected to the fixing base 40, the clamping jaw cylinder 38 is installed on the gear 31 of the rotary cylinder 39, the effective clamping opening/closing interval of the clamping jaw cylinder 38 is 0-75mm, in this embodiment, in order to adapt to the diameter of the bolt, the gasket and the spring washer, the actual opening/closing interval is set to be 30-75mm, so that the clamping jaw cylinder 38 can smoothly clamp the bolt, the gasket and the spring washer. The rotary cylinder 39 is a gear-type rotary cylinder or a vane-type rotary cylinder. The rotary cylinder 39 in this embodiment is a gear-type rotary cylinder, and compressed air acts on the tooth flanks of two gears, one of which is fixed to the working shaft and the other of which is engaged therewith, so that the two gears rotate.

The working principle of the hub bolt screwing machine is as follows:

firstly, bolts, gaskets and spring washers are sequentially placed on each rotary pressure head 8 under the control of a system through the matching of a vibration disc 25 and a turning manipulator 27 of a bolt feeding mechanism 15, a gasket feeding mechanism 16 and a spring gasket feeding mechanism 17, wherein the bolts are placed in positioning grooves 12 of the rotary pressure heads 8, and then electromagnets are started to suck and fix the bolts; a washer and a spring washer are placed in turn on the upper end face of the rotary ram 8. Then the hub bearing feeding mechanism 14 conveys the hub bearing to the edge of the workbench 2, the mechanical claw 23 of the mechanism grabs the hub bearing and carries the hub bearing to the position right above the six rotary pressing heads 8 and gradually puts down the hub bearing, and at the moment, the six rotary pressing heads 8 are driven by the first driving motor 5 to adjust the positions so that bolt holes on the hub bearing are aligned with bolts in the six rotary pressing heads 8. Meanwhile, the positioning tool is conveyed to the edge of the workbench 2 by the positioning tool feeding mechanism 13, and after the wheel hub bearing is placed, the positioning tool is grabbed and placed on the wheel hub bearing by the mechanical claw 23 of the positioning tool feeding mechanism 13. Similarly, the first driving motor 5 is used for rotating, so that the hub bearing and the positioning tool are aligned. After all the mechanisms are completely loaded, the rotating pressing heads 8 press and screw bolts on the hub bearings, the pressing and screwing force of the rotating pressing heads 8 can be realized by controlling the torque of the first driving motor 5, and as the driven gears 11 on the six rotating pressing heads 8 are all meshed on the same rotating gear 10, the rotating angles of all the rotating pressing heads 8 are the same, so that the pressing and screwing effects are synchronous, and the pressing and screwing consistency is good. Finally, after the rotary pressure head 8 presses and screws the bolt on the hub bearing, the mechanical claw 23 of the discharging mechanism 18 grabs the pressed and screwed hub bearing and the positioning tool, and the hub bearing and the positioning tool are placed on the conveying belt 20 of the discharging mechanism 18 and are transferred to the next station through the conveying belt 20.

The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the invention. Various modifications or additions may be made to the described embodiments or alternatives may be employed by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit or ambit of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims

1. The wheel hub bolt screwing machine comprises a machine frame (1), wherein a workbench (2) is arranged on the machine frame (1), and the wheel hub bolt screwing machine is characterized in that a bolt mechanism (3) is arranged on the workbench (2), the bolt mechanism (3) comprises a base (4), a first driving motor (5), a transmission assembly (6), a connecting disc (7) and a plurality of rotary pressure heads (8), the base (4) is fixedly connected on the workbench (2), the first driving motor (5) is arranged at the center of the base (4), a plurality of grooves (9) are formed in the connecting disc (7), the rotary pressure heads (8) are arranged in the grooves (9), a motor shaft of the first driving motor (5) penetrates through the connecting disc (7) from bottom to top, each rotary pressure head (8) is connected with the motor shaft through the transmission assembly (6), and the rotary pressure heads (8) are in a cylindrical shape, the upper end of the rotary pressure head (8) is provided with a positioning groove (12) for accommodating a bolt, and the bottom of the positioning groove (12) is provided with an electromagnet assembly; the periphery of the bolt feeding mechanism (3) is sequentially provided with a positioning tool feeding mechanism (13), a hub bearing feeding mechanism (14), a bolt feeding mechanism (15), a gasket feeding mechanism (16), a spring gasket feeding mechanism (17) and a discharging mechanism (18), the bolt feeding mechanism (15), the gasket feeding mechanism (16), the spring gasket feeding mechanism (17), the hub bearing feeding mechanism (14) and the positioning tool feeding mechanism (13) are sequentially fed onto a rotary pressure head (8), the rotary pressure head (8) adsorbs and fixes bolts through electromagnets and presses and screws the bolts onto the hub bearing, the bolt feeding mechanism (15), the gasket feeding mechanism (16) and the spring gasket feeding mechanism (17) are vibration disc type feeding mechanisms, each vibration disc type feeding mechanism comprises a vibration disc (25), a lifting assembly (26) and a turnover manipulator (27), the overturning manipulator (27) is connected to the lifting assembly (26) in a sliding manner, the lifting assembly (26) comprises a second bracket (28), a lifting motor (29), a rack (30), a gear (31) and a sliding arm (32), the second bracket (28) is fixed on the workbench (2), a first slide rail (34) is vertically arranged on the second bracket (28), the sliding arm (32) is perpendicular to the second bracket (28) and is connected on a first sliding rail (34) in a sliding way, the rack (30) is vertically arranged on the second bracket (28), the lifting motor (29) is fixed on the sliding arm (32) and is coaxially connected with the gear (31), the gear (31) is meshed with the rack (30), the sliding arm (32) is provided with a second sliding rail (36), the overturning mechanical arm (27) is connected to the second sliding rail (36) in a sliding mode.

2. The hub bolt screwing press according to claim 1, characterized in that the transmission assembly (6) comprises a rotating gear (10) and a plurality of driven gears (11) arranged around the rotating gear (10), the rotating gear (10) is coaxially connected with a motor shaft of the first driving motor (5), and the driven gears (11) are sleeved on the rotating pressure head (8) and meshed with the rotating gear (10).

3. The hub bolt screwing press according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the positioning tool feeding mechanism (13), the hub bearing feeding mechanism (14) and the discharging mechanism (18) are all belt-type feeding mechanisms, the conveyor belt type feeding mechanism comprises a first bracket (19), a conveyor belt (20), a second driving motor (21), a distribution box (22) and a mechanical claw (23), the conveyor belt (20) is arranged on a first bracket (19), the second driving motor (21) is connected with the conveyor belt (20) through a synchronous belt (24), the distribution box (22) is arranged below the first bracket (19) and is electrically connected with the second driving motor (21), one end of the conveyor belt (20) is close to the workbench (2), and the mechanical claw (23) is installed on the workbench (2) and close to the conveyor belt (20).

4. Hub bolt press according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the second bracket (28) comprises two parallel arranged uprights, one of which is provided with a position sensor (33) in both its upper and lower part.

5. The hub stud squeezer according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the sliding arm (32) is a long-stroke rodless cylinder and the flipping robot (27) is attached to a sliding sleeve (37) of the long-stroke rodless cylinder.

6. The hub bolt screwing press of claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the overturning manipulator (27) comprises a clamping jaw cylinder (38), a rotating cylinder (39) and a fixed seat (40), the fixed seat (40) is fixedly connected with the sliding sleeve (37), the rotating cylinder (39) is fixedly connected on the fixed seat (40), and the clamping jaw cylinder (38) is installed on a gear (31) of the rotating cylinder (39).

7. Hub bolt screwing press according to claim 6, characterized in that said rotary cylinder (39) is a geared rotary cylinder or a vane rotary cylinder.

8. The hub bolt press according to claim 6, wherein the clamping jaw cylinder (38) has a clamping open-close interval of 0-75 mm.