CN113084493B - Automatic pin plugging and unplugging system for assembling buffer - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides an automatic pin inserting and pulling system for assembling a buffer, which comprises a pin inserting device, a pin refluxing device and a pin pulling device, wherein the pin inserting device is used for inserting a pin; two pins are inserted into the middle of the box body by the pin inserting device, the two pins are pulled out by the pin pulling device and are transferred to the pin refluxing device, and the pins are conveyed back to the pin inserting device in sequence by the pin refluxing device to be taken again. The invention can automatically complete the insertion and the removal of the pin rod and can realize the reflux conveying and the cyclic utilization of the pin rod.

Description

Automatic pin plugging and unplugging system for assembling buffer

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of production and manufacturing equipment of a buffer for a locomotive, and particularly relates to an automatic pin inserting and pulling system for assembling the buffer.

Background

The buffer for locomotive is used for alleviating longitudinal impact and vibration caused by the change of locomotive traction force or mutual collision of vehicles during starting, braking and shunting operation of the train in operation, thereby reducing the destructive effect on the structure of the train body and loaded goods. The working principle of the shock absorber is to relax the impact force by compressing the elastic member while absorbing the impact energy by friction and damping during the deformation of the elastic member.

In the process of assembling the buffer shown in fig. 1, the process of inserting and pulling the pins is an important step, two pins need to penetrate through the middle of the buffer box body, the spring is pressed on the lower portion of the buffer through the two pins so as to leave an assembly space for the upper portion of the buffer, subsequent assembly is facilitated, and after the parts on the upper portion are assembled, the two pins need to be pulled out for recycling.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of this, the present invention provides an automatic pin plugging system for assembling a buffer, which comprises:

the device comprises a pin rod inserting device, a pin rod refluxing device and a pin rod removing device; two pins are inserted into the middle of the box body by the pin inserting device, the two pins are pulled out by the pin pulling device and are transferred to the pin refluxing device, and the pins are conveyed back to the pin inserting device in sequence by the pin refluxing device to be taken again.

The pin rod backflow device comprises a conveyor belt driven by a motor at the lower part and guardrails on two sides at the upper part, and a single rod output mechanism is also arranged at the tail end of the conveying line of the conveyor belt and comprises a rear end stopping cylinder, an electric sliding table module, a one-way pushing unit and a front end stopping cylinder; the rear end stopping cylinder is vertically fixed right above the conveyor belt, the head of a piston rod of the rear end stopping cylinder is fixedly connected with a first stop block, and the first stop block can move between the guardrails on two sides above the conveyor belt along the vertical direction under the driving of the piston rod of the rear end stopping cylinder; the front end stopping cylinder is horizontally fixed beside a guardrail on one side, the head of a piston rod of the front end stopping cylinder is fixedly connected with a second stop block, and the second stop block can move along the horizontal direction under the driving of the piston rod of the front end stopping cylinder so as to block or avoid the output port of the pin rod backflow device; the electric sliding table module is positioned right above the conveying belt between the rear end stopping cylinder and the front end stopping cylinder, and the moving direction of the sliding table is parallel to the conveying direction of the conveying belt; the unidirectional pushing unit comprises a fixing part fixedly connected with the sliding table of the electric sliding table module and a unidirectional pushing rod which is rotatably connected with the fixing part and can rotate in a unidirectional mode.

The lower part of the fixed part is rotationally connected with the upper part of the unidirectional pushing rod through a rotating shaft, the top end of the upper part of the fixed part is fixedly connected with a sliding table of the electric sliding table module, and the lower part of the unidirectional pushing rod is a rod body which radially protrudes out of the lower part of the fixed part along the rotating shaft; the lower part of fixed part has the semicircle terminal surface that is located the lower extreme and is located the vertical terminal surface of front and back both sides, and the upper portion of one-way propelling movement pole is equipped with the spacing portion of vertical terminal surface matched with the fixed part rear side at the rear side opposite with conveyer belt direction of delivery.

The front side end of the bottom end of the rod body is provided with a convex abutting part which is used for abutting against and pushing one end of the pin shaft.

The pin rod inserting device comprises a double pin rod receiving mechanism positioned at the lower part and a double pin rod pushing mechanism positioned at the upper part; the double-pin rod receiving mechanism comprises a transition groove, a receiving platform, two receiving grooves, a receiving rotary cylinder and a lifting cylinder; the transition groove is fixedly connected with the output port of the pin rod reflux device; the center of the bottom surface of the receiving platform is fixedly connected with a rotating part of the receiving rotary cylinder, a fixing part of the receiving rotary cylinder is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the lifting platform, the lifting cylinder is fixed below the lifting platform, and the top of a piston rod of the lifting cylinder is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the lifting platform; the two receiving grooves are symmetrically fixed on the left side and the right side of the upper surface of the horizontal receiving platform; when the bottoms of the receiving grooves on the receiving platform are flush with the bottoms of the transition grooves, the vertical distances between the rotating shaft center of the receiving platform and the central lines of the receiving grooves on the two sides and the central line of the transition groove are equal; the double-pin-rod propelling mechanism comprises a pin-rod propelling cylinder, a propelling rod corresponding to the two pin rods, a guide platform and two guide grooves; the pin rod propulsion cylinder is fixed right above the receiving platform, and two propulsion rods for propping against and propelling the pin rod are fixedly connected with the sliding table of the pin rod propulsion cylinder through a connecting frame; the two guide grooves are fixedly connected to the guide platform, and when the receiving platform is driven by the lifting cylinder to ascend to the two receiving grooves and the two guide grooves are respectively level and opposite, the push rod can move in the receiving groove and the guide groove on the corresponding side.

And a limiting column corresponding to the descending limit of the lifting platform is fixedly arranged below the lifting platform.

A guide unit comprising a guide post and a guide sleeve is arranged between the lifting platform and the lifting cylinder.

A receiving pushing-open column is fixedly arranged between the transition groove and the receiving platform, and the position of the receiving pushing-open column is lower than the outlet end of the transition groove; the receiving platform is characterized in that the front end face and the rear end face of the receiving platform are respectively and rotatably connected with an anti-falling part at the position corresponding to the outlet end of each receiving groove, each anti-falling part comprises a rod body, the middle of each rod body is rotatably connected with the receiving platform through a rotating shaft, the lower part of each rod body is connected with a receiving pushing column through a receiving way, the corresponding end part of each rod body is fixedly connected with a counterweight body, the anti-falling parts are integrally and naturally erected under the action of gravity of the counterweight bodies when the anti-falling parts are not acted by external force, and the outlet ends of the corresponding receiving grooves are shielded by the upper parts of the rod bodies.

The front and rear outlet end faces of the receiving groove are flush with the front and rear end faces of the receiving platform.

The double-pin-rod pushing mechanism also comprises four pushing-away pieces corresponding to the four anti-falling pieces respectively; the top end of the anti-falling part rod body is further fixedly connected with a pushing-away butt column horizontally extending towards the direction deviating from the outlet end of the receiving groove, each pushing-away part comprises a vertical fixed vertical part and an inclined part extending from the bottom end of the vertical part towards the inclined upper part, the lower surface of the inclined part can be abutted to the periphery of a butt column body, and the included angle between the inclined part and the vertical part provides a passing space for the pushing rod.

An upper guide wheel and a lower guide wheel are also rotatably connected above and below the outlet of each guide groove.

The pin removing device comprises: the reciprocating cylinder is horizontally fixed above the starting position of the pin rod reflux device, and the sliding direction of the sliding table of the reciprocating cylinder is vertical to the conveying direction of the pin rod reflux device; the sliding direction of the sliding table of the vertical motion cylinder is the vertical direction, and the cylinder body of the vertical motion cylinder is fixed with the sliding table of the reciprocating cylinder; the fixed part at the upper part of the pulling rotary cylinder is fixed with the sliding table of the vertical motion cylinder, and the lower end of the rotating part at the lower part is fixedly connected with the middle part of the upper surface of a pulling platform; two clamping jaw cylinders, upper end rigid coupling respectively in pull out the both ends department of platform lower surface, two clamping jaw cylinders are used for pressing from both sides respectively and grab the one end that corresponds a pin stick.

Two clamping jaws of every clamping jaw cylinder are located the lower extreme, every clamping jaw is a clamping part of rigid coupling respectively, every clamping part includes the L type installation department of compriseing horizontal pole and horizontal vertical pole, the horizontal pole and the clamping jaw of L type installation department are fixed mutually, every horizontal vertical pole extends towards the horizontal pole of another clamping part mutually, and horizontal vertical pole rigid coupling has downwardly extending's vertical board portion, two vertical board portions respectively in relative side respectively the rigid coupling have with the sharp post of axle center, the bolt through-hole has been seted up respectively at the round pin stick both ends.

A spacer is also secured to the horizontal cross bar of one of the distal clamping members on the bottom surface between the two vertical plate portions.

The pin rod pulling device also comprises a left abutting unit positioned on the left side of the buffer conveying line; the left abutting unit comprises a left bracket, an oblique abutting cylinder, an oblique hinge lug, an abutting rod, an abutting head and an abutting rod hinge lug; the bottom end of the oblique hinge lug is fixedly connected to the right side of the top end of the left bracket, and the whole body of the oblique hinge lug obliquely extends towards the right upper part; the top end of the inclined hinging lug is hinged with the bottom end of the propping rod, and the propping head is fixedly connected with the top end of the propping rod; one end of the propping rod hinge lug is fixedly connected with the middle part of the propping rod, the other end of the propping rod hinge lug is hinged with the top of the piston rod of the oblique propping cylinder, and the bottom end of the cylinder body of the oblique propping cylinder is hinged with the left side support.

The propping rod is positioned between the two pin rods to be pulled out of the buffer, and the turning track of the top end of the propping rod is positioned between the lower part of the pulling platform and the two clamping jaw cylinders.

And two sides of the oblique hinged lug are respectively provided with a bearing roller for bearing the bottom surface of the pin rod in a sliding manner in the pin rod pulling-out process.

The pin rod pulling device also comprises a right boosting unit positioned on the right side of the buffer conveying line; the right side boosting unit comprises a boosting cylinder fixed at the top end of the right side bracket, and the top of a piston rod of the boosting cylinder is fixedly connected with a boosting plate of which two ends can respectively support against the right ends of the two pins.

An inductor is also arranged on the boosting plate.

The boosting plate is also provided with a limiting part.

The invention can automatically complete the insertion and the removal of the pin rod and can realize the reflux conveying and the cyclic utilization of the pin rod.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate an embodiment of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a state in which two pins have been inserted into a buffer;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view of a pin insertion device and an adjacent portion of a pin reflow device;

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a single bar output mechanism of the pin reflow apparatus;

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the one-way pushing unit;

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a unidirectional push rod;

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a fixing portion of the unidirectional pushing unit;

FIG. 8 is a perspective view of the pin insertion device;

FIG. 9 is a perspective view of a dual pin rod receiving mechanism of the pin rod insertion device;

FIG. 10 is a schematic front view of a dual pin rod receiving mechanism in one state;

FIG. 11 is a schematic front view of another state of the dual pin rod receiving mechanism;

FIG. 12 is a perspective view of the state shown in FIG. 11;

FIG. 13 is a schematic top view of the state shown in FIG. 11;

FIG. 14 is a perspective view of the release preventing member;

FIG. 15 is a schematic view of the operating principle of the dual pin rod advancing mechanism;

FIG. 16 is a schematic view showing a state change in which the detachment preventing member is opened by the push-away member;

FIG. 17 is a front view of the pin removal assembly;

FIG. 18 is a perspective view of the pin removal assembly;

FIG. 19 is a perspective view of the two clamping members clamping one end of the pin;

FIG. 20 is a perspective view of the two clamping members in an assembled state;

fig. 21 is a perspective view of the left abutting unit;

fig. 22 is a schematic view of the mounting mechanism of the support roller.

Detailed Description

It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.

As shown in FIG. 1, two pins 400 pass through the middle of the box body of the buffer 4, and the spring is pressed on the lower part of the buffer 4 by the two pins 400 so as to leave an assembly space for assembling the upper part of the buffer, wherein the upper part is assembled and the two pins need to be pulled out for recycling.

As shown in fig. 2, the automatic pin inserting and extracting system for assembling a buffer of the present invention comprises a pin inserting device 1, a pin reflowing device 3, and a pin removing device 2; the buffer 4 is arranged on a buffer conveying line (not shown in the figure), the two pins 400 are inserted into the middle of the box body by the pin inserting device 1, then the buffer conveying line is moved to an upper part assembling station (not shown in the figure), after the upper part is assembled, the pin inserting device is moved to the pin removing device 2, the two pins 400 are removed by the pin removing device 2 and transferred to the pin refluxing device 3, and the pins 400 are conveyed back to the pin inserting device 1 in sequence by the pin refluxing device 3 to be taken again.

FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view of the pin insertion device 1 and an adjacent portion of the pin reflow device 3; as shown in the figure, the pin reflux device 3 comprises a conveyor belt 31 driven by a motor at the lower part and fluency strips 32 serving as guardrails at the two upper sides, the pin rods 400 are sequentially placed on the conveyor belt 31 between the fluency strips at the two sides by the pin rod removing device 2, the pin rods 400 arranged in a line are sequentially conveyed to the vicinity of the pin rod inserting device 1 by the pin rod removing device 2 by the conveyor belt 31, and as the conveyor belt 31 is always kept in a conveying state, in order to ensure that the supply output of the pin rod reflux device 3 is the on-demand output with controllable quantity and opportunity instead of the uncontrolled continuous uninterrupted output, a single rod output mechanism is further arranged at the tail end of the conveying route of the conveyor belt 31, and the single rod 400 is sequentially conveyed to the pin rod inserting device 1 according to the demand by the single rod output mechanism.

As shown in fig. 4 to 7, the single-rod output mechanism includes a rear-end stop cylinder 33, an electric slide table module 34, a one-way pushing unit 36, and a front-end stop cylinder 35;

the rear-end stopping cylinder 33 is vertically fixed right above the conveyor belt 31 through a frame-shaped support 330, the head of a piston rod of the rear-end stopping cylinder is fixedly connected with a first stop block 331, and the first stop block 331 can move between the fluency strips 32 on two sides above the conveyor belt 31 along the vertical direction under the driving of the piston rod of the rear-end stopping cylinder 33; when the pin rod needs to be passed, the first stop block 331 is driven by the rear-end stopping cylinder 33 to rise, and the pin rod is allowed to pass through; when the required number of pins is allowed, the first stop block 331 is driven by the rear-end stopping cylinder 33 to descend, so as to block the rear pins and prevent the pins from moving forwards;

the front end stopping cylinder 35 is horizontally fixed beside the flow strip 32 on one side, the head of a piston rod of the front end stopping cylinder 35 is fixedly connected with a second stop block 351, and the second stop block 351 can move in the horizontal direction under the driving of the piston rod of the front end stopping cylinder 35 so as to block or let the output port of the pin rod backflow device 3 open;

the electric sliding table module 34 is positioned right above the conveyor belt 31 between the rear-end stopping cylinder 33 and the front-end stopping cylinder 35, the moving direction of the sliding table of the electric sliding table module is parallel to the conveying direction of the conveyor belt, the one-way pushing unit 36 comprises a fixing part 361 and a one-way pushing rod 362, the lower part of the fixing part 361 and the upper part of the one-way pushing rod 362 are rotatably connected through a rotating shaft, the top end of the upper part of the fixing part 361 is fixedly connected with the sliding table of the electric sliding table module 34 through a connecting seat 3611, and the lower part of the one-way pushing rod 362 is a rod body 3622 which protrudes out of the lower part of the fixing part 361 along the rotating shaft in the radial direction;

the lower part of the fixed part 361 is provided with a semicircular end face 3612 positioned at the lower end and vertical end faces 3613 positioned at the front side and the rear side, and the upper part of the unidirectional pushing rod 362 is provided with a limiting part 3621 matched with the vertical end face 3613 at the rear side of the fixed part at the rear side opposite to the conveying direction of the conveyor belt;

preferably, a protruding abutting portion 36221 is disposed at the front side end of the bottom end of the rod body 3622, so as to better abut against one end of the pin 400 to be pushed;

the working principle of the single-rod output mechanism is as follows: the rear end intercepting cylinder 33 is controlled to retract, the first stopping block 331 rises to give way to the channel, the pin rod 400 moves forwards under the driving of the conveyor belt, the front end of the pin rod 400 abuts against the one-way push rod 362, because the limiting part in the direction does not play a role, the one-way push rod 362 can rotate, the pin rod 400 abuts against the one-way push rod 362 to continue to move forwards until the foremost pin rod 400 is blocked by the second stopping block 351 of the front end intercepting cylinder 35, the rear end intercepting cylinder 33 is controlled to extend downwards, the first stopping block 331 descends to block the channel to block the subsequent pin rod 400, and no pin rod exists below the one-way push rod 362, so that the pin rod naturally droops; when the pin rod needs to be output, the rear end stopping cylinder 33 is in a downward extending state, the front end stopping cylinder 35 is controlled to retract, the second stopping block 351 leaves the channel, the conveyor belt 31 can drive the pin rod to move forward, but the conveying speed needs to be increased due to the fact that the conveyor belt is slow, at the moment, the electric sliding table module 34 is controlled to drive the sliding table to move forward, the sliding table drives the one-way pushing unit 36 to move forward, the one-way pushing rod 362 is subjected to rotation stopping effect of the limiting portion 3621 and the fixing portion 361, and the abutting portion 36221 can abut against the rear end of the pin rod, so that the pin rod can be pushed to be output to the pin rod inserting device 1 at a high speed.

Referring to fig. 3 and 8, the pin inserting apparatus 1 includes a double pin receiving mechanism fixed to a lower portion of the support 100 and a double pin pushing mechanism 19 fixed to an upper portion of the support 100, and other non-essential structural components such as the support 100 are hidden in fig. 8 and the like for convenience of illustration.

As shown in fig. 8 to 14, the double pin rod receiving mechanism includes a transition groove 11, a receiving platform 13, two receiving grooves 14, a receiving rotary cylinder 16, and a lifting cylinder 18;

the transition groove 11 is fixedly connected to the output port of the pin rod reflow device 3, and can be integrally fixed on the conveyor belt at the output port, or a part of the transition groove is positioned on the conveyor belt, and a part of the transition groove extends out, no matter which way is adopted, the output end of the transition groove serves as the tail end of the output port of the pin rod reflow device 3, and the second stop block 351 is correspondingly arranged at the output end of the transition groove 11 and is used for controlling the blocking and opening of the output port;

the two receiving grooves 14 are symmetrically fixed on the left and right sides of the upper surface of the horizontal receiving platform 13;

the center of the bottom surface of the receiving platform 13 is fixedly connected with a rotating part of a receiving rotary cylinder 16, a fixing part of the receiving rotary cylinder 16 is fixedly connected on the upper surface of the lifting platform 17, the lifting cylinder 18 is fixed below the lifting platform 17, and the top of a piston rod of the lifting cylinder 18 is fixedly connected with the lower surface of the lifting platform 17; preferably, in order to control the descending position of the receiving platform 13 driven by the lifting cylinder 18, namely to stop in time when the receiving platform 13 descends until the bottom of the receiving groove 14 on the receiving platform 13 is flush with the bottom of the transition groove 11, four limiting columns 182 corresponding to the descending limit of the lifting platform 17 are fixedly arranged below the lifting platform 17; preferably, two groups of guide units comprising guide posts 183 and guide sleeves are further arranged between the lifting platform 17 and the lifting cylinder 18 so as to ensure the lifting stability.

Referring to fig. 13, when the bottom of the receiving slot 14 on the receiving platform 13 is flush with the bottom of the transition slot 11, the vertical distances between the rotation axis 132 of the receiving platform 13 and the slot center lines of the receiving slot 14 and the transition slot 11 on both sides are equal, so that when the receiving platform 13 rotates to the angle shown in fig. 13, one of the receiving slots 14 is opposite to the corresponding outlet end of the transition slot 11, and the slot center lines are collinear, one pin rod can be transferred from the transition slot 11 to the receiving slot 14 for temporary storage under the push of the single-rod output mechanism, and then the receiving platform 13 rotates 180 degrees again, and is replaced by another receiving slot which is opposite to the transition slot 11 for temporary storage and receiving another pin rod;

further, in order to prevent the pin from being separated and thrown out from the outlet end of the receiving groove 14 when the pin is transferred from the transition groove 11 to the receiving groove 14 or when the receiving platform rotates, the invention also designs an anti-drop structure, which specifically comprises the following steps:

a receiving pushing column 12 is fixedly arranged between the transition groove 11 and the receiving platform 13, and in order to avoid blocking a transmission passage of the pin rod, the position of the receiving pushing column 12 is lower than the outlet end of the transition groove 11;

as shown in fig. 8, 131 is a front end face of the receiving platform, and 141 is a front outlet end face of one of the receiving slots 14;

as shown in fig. 8 to 13, the front and rear end faces of the receiving platform 13 are respectively and rotatably connected with an anti-falling member 15 at the position corresponding to the outlet end of each receiving slot 14, as shown in fig. 14, the anti-falling member 15 includes a rod 151, the middle of the rod is rotatably connected with the receiving platform 13 through a rotating shaft, the lower part of the rod corresponds to the receiving pushing-open post 12, and the end of the rod is fixedly connected with a counterweight 153, when the anti-falling member 15 is not acted by external force, the anti-falling member 15 is naturally erected integrally under the gravity action of the counterweight 153, and the upper part of the rod shields the outlet end of the corresponding receiving slot 14; when the receiving platform 13 rotates to a process that one receiving groove 14 is opposite to the transition groove 11, the receiving pushing column 12 can abut against the side wall of the lower part of the rod body of the anti-falling part 15 and enables the anti-falling part 15 to integrally rotate to the upper part of the rod body of the anti-falling part 15 to be inclined to avoid the outlet end of the receiving groove 14, so that the pin shaft can be transferred into the receiving groove 14 from the outlet end, and the upper part of the rod body of the anti-falling part 15 at the other end keeps a vertical blocking state to prevent the pin shaft from being separated and overflowing.

Preferably, the front and rear outlet end faces of the receiving groove 14 are flush with the front and rear end faces of the receiving platform 13, and the two end faces are flush with each other, so that the pin can enter the receiving groove more conveniently, and the anti-falling piece 15 has better blocking and anti-falling effects on the pin;

as shown in fig. 15 and 16, the double pin pushing mechanism 19 includes a pin pushing cylinder 191, a pushing bar 1912 corresponding to two pins, a guide platform 1931, two guide grooves 193, and four pushing-away pieces 192 corresponding to four anti-drop pieces 15, respectively;

the pin rod propulsion cylinder 191 is fixed right above the receiving platform 13, and two propulsion rods 1912 for pushing against the propulsion pin rod are fixedly connected with the sliding table of the pin rod propulsion cylinder 191 through a connecting frame 1911; the two guide grooves 193 are fixedly connected to the guide platform 1931, and when the receiving platform 13 is driven by the lifting cylinder 18 to ascend until the two receiving grooves 14 are respectively flush with and opposite to the two guide grooves 193, the pushing rod 1912 can move in the receiving groove 14 and the guide groove 193 on the corresponding side, so that the two pins are pushed out from the receiving groove 14 where the two pins are respectively located, guided by the corresponding guide groove 193, and finally inserted into the corresponding pin insertion holes in the middle of the buffer box body.

The four push-away members 192 correspond to the positions of the retaining members 15 at the four corners of the receiving platform 13, and function to simultaneously rotate the retaining members 15 at the four corners of the receiving platform 13 to the upper portion of the rod body of the retaining member 15 to avoid the outlet end of the receiving slot 14 in the process that the receiving platform 13 is raised to the above state position as shown in fig. 16, and to maintain the inclined state, so that the advancing process of the pushing rod 1912 from a position a to a position B as shown in fig. 15 is not blocked, for this reason, as shown in fig. 14, a push-away abutting column 152 horizontally extending in the direction away from the outlet end of the receiving slot 14 is further fixedly connected to the top end of the rod body of the retaining member 15, each push-away member 192 includes a vertically fixed upright portion 1921 and an inclined portion 1922 extending from the bottom end of the upright portion 1921 to an inclined portion 1922 obliquely upward, the top end of the upright portion 1921 is used for fixedly connecting the bracket, so as to integrally fix the push-away member 192, the inclined portion 1922 matches with the abutting column 152 of the corresponding retaining member 15, and the lower surface of the inclined portion 1922 can abut against the circumferential surface of the column of the push-away abutment post 152, the angle region between the inclined portion 1922 and the vertical portion 1921 also provides a space for the push rod 1912 to pass through, so that even if the release preventing member 15 avoids blocking the travel of the push rod 1912, the push-away member 192 does not become an obstacle to the travel of the push rod 1912.

An upper guide wheel 1941 and a lower guide wheel 1942 are rotatably connected above and below the outlet of each guide groove 193 through the fixed mounting plate 194, so that the guide and the limit of the four dimensions of the pin rod in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction are realized by matching with the guide grooves 193 together.

Referring to fig. 17 to 22, the following describes a structure of the pin removing device 2, which includes:

the reciprocating cylinder 21 is horizontally fixed above the starting position of the pin rod reflux device 3, and the sliding direction of the sliding table 211 of the reciprocating cylinder is vertical to the conveying direction of the pin rod reflux device 3;

a vertical motion cylinder 22, the sliding direction of the sliding table 221 of which is vertical, the cylinder body of which is fixed with the sliding table 211 of the reciprocating cylinder 21 through a first tripod 212;

the pulling rotary cylinder 23, the fixed part of the upper part of which is fixed with the sliding table 221 of the vertical motion cylinder 22 through a second tripod 222, and the lower end of the rotating part of the lower part is fixedly connected with the middle part of the upper surface of a pulling platform 24;

two clamping jaw cylinders 25, the upper ends of which are respectively fixed at two ends of the lower surface of the pulling platform 24, the two clamping jaw cylinders 25 are respectively used for clamping and grabbing one end of a corresponding pin rod 400, specifically, the two clamping jaws of each clamping jaw cylinder 25 are located at the lower ends, each clamping jaw is respectively fixed with a clamping piece 251, specifically, each clamping piece 251 comprises an L-shaped mounting part consisting of a horizontal cross bar 2511 and a horizontal longitudinal bar 2512, the horizontal cross bar 2511 of the L-shaped mounting part is fixed with the clamping jaws through bolts, the horizontal longitudinal bar 2512 of the L-shaped mounting part extends towards the horizontal cross bar 2511 of the other clamping piece 251, the horizontal longitudinal bar 2512 is fixedly connected with a vertical plate part 2513 extending downwards, the two vertical plate parts 2513 are respectively fixed with coaxial pin pointed posts 2514 at opposite side surfaces, as shown in fig. 19, two end parts of the pin rod 400 are respectively provided with through holes 401, so that the two pin pointed posts 2514 are inserted from two ends of the pin through holes 401 at one end of the pin rod, thereby firmly clamping the end of the pin 400; preferably, a spacer 2515 is further affixed to the bottom surface of one of the distal clamps 251 at the bottom surface between the two vertical plate portions 2513 to maintain the pin horizontal as much as possible during the removal process and to avoid damage to the horizontal cross-bar 2511 of the clamps 251.

After the two clamping jaw cylinders 25 respectively clamp the same side ends of the two pins at the same time, the reciprocating cylinder 21 is controlled to transversely move the sliding table away from the buffer until the whole pin is completely separated from the buffer, then the pulling rotary cylinder 23 drives the pulling platform 24 to horizontally rotate for 90 degrees, so that one pin is positioned right above the conveying belt of the pin reflux device 3, the sliding table of the vertical movement cylinder 22 drives the pulling platform 24 to descend to a proper position, the clamping jaw cylinder 25 corresponding to the pin is loosened, and the pin is released to fall onto the conveying belt of the pin reflux device 3 to reflux; then, the sliding table of the reciprocating cylinder 21 moves for a certain distance, so that another pin rod is right above the conveyor belt, and the corresponding clamping jaw cylinder 25 releases the pin rod to fall onto the conveyor belt of the pin rod reflux device 3 for reflux; the sliding table of the vertical motion cylinder 22 drives the pulling platform 24 to ascend, the pulling rotary cylinder 23 drives the pulling platform 24 to horizontally rotate in the reverse direction by 90 degrees, and the reciprocating cylinder 21 controls the sliding table to drive the pulling platform 24 to move towards the buffer conveying line to prepare for pin rod pulling work on the next buffer.

In the process of pulling out and removing the pin rod on the buffer, the buffer also needs to be positioned in the pulling-out direction and the pin rod needs to be assisted, so as to be shown in fig. 17, 18, 21 and 22, the pin rod pulling device 2 of the invention further comprises a left abutting unit 26 and a right assisting unit 27 which are respectively positioned at the left side and the right side of the buffer conveying line;

the left abutting unit 26 comprises a left bracket 260, an inclined abutting cylinder 261, an inclined hinge lug 262, an abutting rod 263, an abutting head 265 and an abutting rod hinge lug 264;

the bottom end of the oblique hinge lug 262 is fixedly connected to the right side of the top end of the left bracket 260, and the whole body extends obliquely towards the right upper part, so that the top end of the oblique hinge lug is closer to the left side of the buffer; the top end of the inclined hinge lug 262 is hinged with the bottom end of the propping rod 263, and the propping head 265 is fixedly connected with the top end of the propping rod 263; one end of the abutting rod hinge lug 264 is fixedly connected to the middle part of the abutting rod 263, the other end of the abutting rod hinge lug is hinged to the top of the piston rod of the inclined abutting cylinder 261 through a hinge, and the bottom end of the cylinder body of the inclined abutting cylinder 261 is hinged to the left side support 260; preferably, the propping rod 263 is located between two pins to be removed from the buffer, and the turning track of the top end of the propping rod 263 is located below the removing platform 24 and between the two clamping jaw cylinders 25, so as to avoid interference between the removing platform 24 and the two removing platforms 24.

Before the pin rods on the buffer are pulled out, the piston rods of the inclined propping cylinder 261 extend out to drive the propping rod 263 to tilt up and turn over to the propping head 265 propping against the position of the buffer shell between the two pin rods, so that the buffer is prevented from toppling to the left side in the pin rod pulling process.

Preferably, the inclined hinge ears 262 are also provided on each side with a support roller 266 that slidably supports the underside of the pin during removal.

The right boosting unit comprises a boosting cylinder 271 fixed at the top end of the right support 270, and the top of a piston rod of the boosting cylinder 271 is fixedly connected with a boosting plate 272 of which two ends can respectively push against the right ends of the two pins; the boosting plate 272 can be additionally provided with an inductor and a limiting part, so that the damage to the shell of the buffer caused by too much extending of the piston rod of the boosting cylinder 71 is avoided.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.

Claims (9)

1. The automatic pin inserting and pulling system for assembling the buffer is characterized by comprising a pin inserting device (1), a pin refluxing device (3) and a pin removing device (2); the two pins are inserted into the middle part of the box body by the pin inserting device (1), the two pins are pulled out by the pin pulling device (2) and transferred to the pin refluxing device (3), and the pins are sequentially conveyed back to the pin inserting device (1) by the pin refluxing device (3) for being taken again;

the pin rod backflow device (3) comprises a conveyor belt (31) driven by a motor at the lower part and guardrails on two sides at the upper part, a single rod output mechanism is further arranged at the tail end of a conveying line of the conveyor belt (31), and the single rod output mechanism comprises a rear end stopping cylinder (33), an electric sliding table module (34), a one-way pushing unit (36) and a front end stopping cylinder (35);

the rear end stopping cylinder (33) is vertically fixed right above the conveyor belt (31), the head of a piston rod of the rear end stopping cylinder is fixedly connected with a first stop block (331), and the first stop block (331) can move between the guardrails on two sides above the conveyor belt (31) in the vertical direction under the driving of the piston rod of the rear end stopping cylinder (33);

the front end stopping cylinder (35) is horizontally fixed beside the guardrail on one side, the head of a piston rod of the front end stopping cylinder (35) is fixedly connected with a second stop block (351), and the second stop block (351) can move along the horizontal direction under the driving of the piston rod of the front end stopping cylinder (35) so as to block or avoid an output port of the pin rod backflow device (3);

the electric sliding table module (34) is positioned right above the conveyor belt (31) between the rear end stopping cylinder (33) and the front end stopping cylinder (35), and the moving direction of the sliding table is parallel to the conveying direction of the conveyor belt;

the unidirectional pushing unit (36) comprises a fixed part (361) fixedly connected with the sliding table of the electric sliding table module (34) and a unidirectional pushing rod (362) which is rotatably connected with the fixed part (361) and can rotate in a unidirectional mode.

2. The automatic pin inserting and extracting system for assembling a bumper according to claim 1, wherein the pin inserting device (1) comprises a double pin receiving mechanism located below and a double pin pushing mechanism (19) located above;

the double-pin rod receiving mechanism comprises a transition groove (11), a receiving platform (13), two receiving grooves (14), a receiving rotary cylinder (16) and a lifting cylinder (18);

the transition groove (11) is fixedly connected with the output port of the pin rod reflux device (3);

the center of the bottom surface of the receiving platform (13) is fixedly connected with a rotating part of the receiving rotary cylinder (16), a fixing part of the receiving rotary cylinder (16) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the lifting platform (17), the lifting cylinder (18) is fixed below the lifting platform (17), and the top of a piston rod of the lifting cylinder (18) is fixedly connected with the lower surface of the lifting platform (17);

the two receiving grooves (14) are symmetrically fixed on the left side and the right side of the upper surface of the horizontal receiving platform (13); when the bottoms of the receiving grooves (14) on the receiving platform (13) are flush with the bottoms of the transition grooves (11), the vertical distances between the rotating shaft center (132) of the receiving platform (13) and the groove center lines of the receiving grooves (14) and the transition grooves (11) on the two sides are equal;

the double-pin rod propelling mechanism (19) comprises a pin rod propelling cylinder (191), a propelling rod (1912) corresponding to the two pin rods, a guide platform (1931) and two guide grooves (193);

the pin rod propulsion cylinder (191) is fixed right above the receiving platform (13), and two propulsion rods (1912) used for pushing against the propulsion pin rod are fixedly connected with the sliding table of the pin rod propulsion cylinder (191) through a connecting frame; the two guide grooves (193) are fixedly connected to the guide platform (1931), and when the receiving platform (13) is driven by the lifting cylinder (18) to rise to the two receiving grooves (14) and the two guide grooves (193) which are respectively level and opposite, the push rod (1912) can move in the receiving groove (14) and the guide groove (193) on the corresponding side.

3. The automatic pin inserting and pulling system for assembling the buffer as recited in claim 2, wherein a receiving pushing-out column (12) is fixedly arranged between the transition groove (11) and the receiving platform (13), and the position of the receiving pushing-out column (12) is lower than the outlet end of the transition groove (11);

receiving platform (13) preceding, back side end face is rotated respectively at every receiving groove (14) exit end department and is connected with a anticreep piece (15) corresponding, anticreep piece (15) are including the body of rod (151), the body of rod middle part is rotated with receiving platform (13) through the pivot and is connected, the body of rod lower part is with receiving to push away corresponding and tip rigid coupling of post (12) and have the weight body (153), anticreep piece (15) are when not receiving the exogenic action, under the action of gravity of weight body (153), the whole nature of anticreep piece (15) is erect, and corresponding receiving groove (14) exit end is sheltered from in body of rod upper portion.

4. The automatic pin inserting and extracting system for assembling a damper according to claim 3, wherein the double pin pushing mechanism (19) further includes four push-away pieces (192) corresponding to the four escape preventing pieces (15), respectively; the top end of the upper part of the rod body of the anti-release piece (15) is further fixedly connected with a push-away abutting column (152) horizontally extending towards the direction deviating from the outlet end of the receiving groove (14), each push-away piece (192) comprises a vertical part (1921) which is vertically fixed and an inclined part (1922) which extends towards the obliquely upper part from the bottom end of the vertical part (1921), the lower surface of the inclined part (1922) can abut against the peripheral surface of the column body of the abutting column (152), and an included angle area between the inclined part (1922) and the vertical part (1921) provides a passing space for the push rod (1912).

5. The automatic pin inserting and extracting system for assembling a buffer according to claim 1, wherein the pin removing means (2) comprises:

the reciprocating cylinder (21) is horizontally fixed above the starting position of the pin rod reflux device (3), and the sliding direction of the sliding table (211) is vertical to the conveying direction of the pin rod reflux device (3);

a vertical motion cylinder (22), the sliding direction of the sliding table is vertical, and the cylinder body of the vertical motion cylinder is fixed with the sliding table of the reciprocating cylinder (21);

the pulling-out rotary cylinder (23) is fixed with a fixed part at the upper part thereof and a sliding table (221) of the vertical movement cylinder (22), and the lower end of a rotating part at the lower part thereof is fixedly connected with the middle part of the upper surface of a pulling-out platform (24);

the upper ends of the two clamping jaw air cylinders (25) are fixedly connected to the two ends of the lower surface of the pulling platform (24) respectively, and the two clamping jaw air cylinders (25) are used for clamping and grabbing one end of one corresponding pin rod (400) respectively.

6. The automatic pin rod plugging and unplugging system for assembling the buffer as recited in claim 5, wherein two clamping jaws of each clamping jaw cylinder (25) are positioned at the lower end, each clamping jaw is fixedly connected with a clamping piece (251) respectively, each clamping piece (251) comprises an L-shaped mounting part consisting of a horizontal cross rod (2511) and a horizontal longitudinal rod (2512), the horizontal cross rod (2511) of the L-shaped mounting part is fixed with the clamping jaws, each horizontal longitudinal rod (2512) extends towards the horizontal cross rod (2511) of the other clamping piece (251), the horizontal longitudinal rod (2512) is fixedly connected with a downward extending vertical plate part (2513), the two vertical plate parts (2513) are fixedly connected with coaxial pin pointed columns (2514) respectively at opposite sides, and two ends of the pin rod (400) are provided with pin through holes (401) respectively.

7. The automatic pin inserting and extracting system for assembling the buffer according to claim 5, wherein the pin removing device (2) further comprises a left abutting unit (26) located on the left side of the buffer conveying line;

the left abutting unit (26) comprises a left bracket (260), an inclined abutting cylinder (261), an inclined hinged lug (262), an abutting rod (263), an abutting head (265) and an abutting rod hinged lug (264);

the bottom end of the inclined hinging lug (262) is fixedly connected to the right side of the top end of the left bracket (260), and the whole body extends obliquely to the right upper part; the top end of the inclined hinging lug (262) is hinged with the bottom end of the propping rod (263), and the propping head (265) is fixedly connected with the top end of the propping rod (263); one end of the propping rod hinge lug (264) is fixedly connected with the middle part of the propping rod (263), the other end of the propping rod hinge lug is hinged with the top part of the piston rod of the inclined propping cylinder (261), and the bottom end of the cylinder body of the inclined propping cylinder (261) is hinged with the left side support (260).

8. The automatic pin inserting and extracting system for assembling a buffer as claimed in claim 5, wherein the abutting rod (263) is located at a position between two pins to be extracted from the buffer, and the turning track of the top end of the abutting rod (263) is located below the extracting platform (24) and between the two jaw cylinders (25).

9. The automatic pin inserting and extracting system for assembling the buffer as claimed in claim 5, wherein the pin removing device (2) further comprises a right-side booster unit (27) located on the right side of the buffer conveying line; the right boosting unit comprises a boosting cylinder (271) fixed at the top end of the right bracket, and a boosting plate (272) with two ends capable of respectively abutting against the right ends of the two pin rods is fixedly connected to the top of a piston rod of the boosting cylinder (271).

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