CN113073410B - Combed cotton yarn and spinning process thereof - Google Patents
Combed cotton yarn and spinning process thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113073410B CN113073410B CN202110244321.6A CN202110244321A CN113073410B CN 113073410 B CN113073410 B CN 113073410B CN 202110244321 A CN202110244321 A CN 202110244321A CN 113073410 B CN113073410 B CN 113073410B
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
- D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
- D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
- D02G3/02—Yarns or threads characterised by the material or by the materials from which they are made
- D02G3/04—Blended or other yarns or threads containing components made from different materials
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01G—PRELIMINARY TREATMENT OF FIBRES, e.g. FOR SPINNING
- D01G9/00—Opening or cleaning fibres, e.g. scutching cotton
- D01G9/06—Opening or cleaning fibres, e.g. scutching cotton by means of toothed members
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01G—PRELIMINARY TREATMENT OF FIBRES, e.g. FOR SPINNING
- D01G9/00—Opening or cleaning fibres, e.g. scutching cotton
- D01G9/14—Details of machines or apparatus
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2201/00—Cellulose-based fibres, e.g. vegetable fibres
- D10B2201/01—Natural vegetable fibres
- D10B2201/02—Cotton
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of spinning, in particular to combed cotton yarn and a spinning process thereof; the cotton opener comprises a shell, a feeding hole, a discharging hole, a conveying belt, a cotton opening wheel and an anti-winding wheel; the bottom of the machine shell is provided with a supporting rod, the feeding port is arranged on the side face of the machine shell, a conveying belt is arranged in the machine shell, and the end part of the feeding port is opposite to the surface of the conveying belt; according to the invention, the anti-winding wheel is driven to rotate by the rotating second shaft, so that the original cotton fibers attached to the gaps between the cotton opening wheels are effectively removed when the second teeth on the anti-winding wheel scratch the gaps between the cotton opening wheels; guaranteed that open No. one tooth on the cotton wheel can normally function for the cotton bale receives abundant pine and separates the effect, thereby makes the thickness degree of the little cotton bunch that obtains after the cotton processing of opening more similar, and the impurity that thoughtlessly has in the raw cotton fibre is fully separated out, has further improved the quality of the cotton yarn who finally obtains.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of spinning, and particularly relates to combed cotton yarn and a spinning process thereof.
Background
Cotton can be divided into 3 major categories: the first type of fiber is long and thin (the length is within the range of 2.5-6.5 cm (1-2.5 inches)), glossy, and comprises island cotton, Egyptian cotton, pima cotton and the like with excellent quality. The long staple cotton has low yield, much labor consumption and high price, and is mainly used for high-grade gauze and knitwear; the second category includes typical medium length cotton, such as American upland cotton, about 1.3-3.3 cm (0.5-1.3 inches) in length; the third type is cotton with coarse and short fibers, the length of the cotton is about 1-2.5 centimeters (0.375-1 inch), and the cotton is used for manufacturing cotton blankets and low-price fabrics or blending with other fibers. Combed cotton is one kind of cotton, combed cotton is classified specifically by a spinning machine, impurities are cleaned, and then the single yarn is finished, the length of the single yarn is over 25mm, the luster feeling is good, the fabric is smooth and high-grade, and the single yarn is long, so that the single yarn is not easy to fluff and pilling after being worn. In the spinning process of cotton yarn, firstly, a cotton bale of raw cotton is put into a cotton opener for cotton opening treatment, and the cotton opening treatment has the following functions: 1. loosening the compressed raw cotton into smaller cotton blocks or cotton bundles so as to facilitate smooth mixing and impurity removal; 2. removing most impurities, defects and short fibers which are not suitable for spinning in raw cotton; 3. the raw cotton with different components is fully and uniformly mixed, so that the stability of the quality of the cotton yarn is facilitated; 4. the cotton roll with certain weight, length, even thickness and good appearance is prepared.
The technical scheme that a patent also appears about opener among the prior art, chinese patent for application number CN2015108055312 discloses an opener efficient refined cotton for with the bale break down slice or flocculus, it includes material feeding unit, fluffer and sets up the feeding plate between material feeding unit and fluffer, fluffer include at least two stages be used for the fluffer roller of bale fluffer, each fluffer roller from feed end to discharge end is crisscross the setting from top to bottom in proper order, the outer cloth of fluffer roller has fluffer tooth, fluffer include that the two-stage is used for the fluffer roller of bale fluffer, be one-level fluffer roller and second grade fluffer roller respectively, one-level fluffer roller and second grade fluffer roller between be provided with the pre-compression roller. However, the above invention still has the defect that the fibers of the raw cotton are easy to be wound between the blade and the cutter teeth during the opening process, which affects the opening process of the raw cotton, so that the technical scheme is limited.
In view of the above, the motor connected with the second shaft is started, so that the motor drives the second shaft to rotate; the rotating second shaft drives the anti-winding wheel to rotate, so that the original cotton fibers attached to the gaps between the cotton opening wheels are effectively removed when the second teeth on the anti-winding wheel scratch the gaps between the cotton opening wheels; guaranteed that open No. one tooth on the cotton wheel can normally function for the cotton bale receives abundant pine and separates the effect, thereby makes the thickness degree of the little cotton bunch that obtains after the cotton processing of opening more similar, and the impurity that thoughtlessly has in the raw cotton fibre is fully separated out, has further improved the quality of the cotton yarn who finally obtains.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a combed cotton yarn and a spinning process thereof, aiming at making up for the defects of the prior art and solving the problem that fibers of raw cotton are easy to wind between a blade and a cutter tooth in the opening process of the existing spinning process of the combed cotton yarn, so that the opening process of the raw cotton is influenced.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the invention relates to a spinning process of combed cotton yarns, which comprises the following steps:
s1: selecting materials: placing the cotton bale of the fiber raw material into a cotton opener for opening and mixing treatment, and removing impurities mixed in the raw material;
s2: clearing the flower: carrying out vibration screening on the fine cotton bundles obtained through cotton opening treatment to remove impurities contained in the fine cotton bundles; then airing the fine cotton bundles for two to three days to remove the water contained in the fine cotton bundles; processing the dried and impurity-removed fine cotton bundles into cotton rolls through a lap former; the speed of the carding needle beater is controlled at 650-;
s3: carding cotton: sending the cotton roll into a carding machine for carding treatment to obtain fine cotton yarn fiber strips, wherein the processing parameters are as follows: the cylinder speed is 350-400r/min, the licker-in speed is 400-650r/min, the doffer speed is 30-35r/min, the cover plate speed is 150-250m/min, and the sliver discharging speed is 80-150 m/min;
s4: drawing: performing head combination, secondary combination and tertiary combination in sequence, wherein the cotton yarn fiber strip ration is 15.08-15.52g/5m, the roller center distance is 35-45 mm, and the strip discharging speed is controlled at 220-280 m/min, so that the processed cotton strip is obtained;
s5: spinning: feeding the cotton sliver obtained in S4 into a rotor spinning machine by adopting a full-automatic rotor spinning machine, finishing the rotor spinning to obtain a cotton yarn product, wherein the rotor spinning speed is 120000-;
s6: and (3) water washing treatment: putting the cotton yarn prepared in the S5 into an overflow machine, performing fiber-removing treatment in warm water at the temperature of 80-95 ℃ for 30-45min, and taking out and drying the cotton yarn to obtain a finished cotton yarn product;
the reaction raw materials comprise: 30-40 parts of sea island cotton, 5-10 parts of seaweed cotton and 40-50 parts of Xinjiang cotton;
the cotton opener adopted in the S1 comprises a shell, a feeding hole, a discharging hole, a conveying belt, a cotton opening wheel and an anti-winding wheel; the bottom of the machine shell is uniformly provided with supporting rods, the feed port is arranged on the side surface of the machine shell, a conveying belt is arranged in the machine shell, and the end part of the feed port is opposite to the surface of the conveying belt; the discharge port is arranged at the bottom of the machine shell, and the end part of the discharge port is over against one side of the conveyor belt far away from the feed port; cotton opening wheels are uniformly arranged above the conveying belt, first teeth are uniformly arranged on the outer circle of each cotton opening wheel, and the end parts of the first teeth are bent; a first shaft is arranged in the middle of the cotton opening wheel, penetrates through the side wall of the shell and is connected with a motor arranged on the outer side of the shell; a second shaft is arranged above the first shaft, a mounting plate is arranged at the position, corresponding to the second shaft, of the lower bottom surface of the top of the machine shell, and the end part of the second shaft is connected with a motor arranged in the mounting plate; no. two shaft week sides are equipped with prevents twining the wheel, prevent twining the wheel excircle position and evenly be equipped with No. two teeth, No. two tooth embedding clearance between the tooth to with a tooth surface clearance fit.
When the cotton bale conveyor is used, cotton bales processed from raw cotton are fed into the interior of the machine shell through the feeding hole, the cotton bales fall above the conveyor belt after entering the interior of the machine shell, and the conveyor belt is started to rotate clockwise at the moment, so that the conveyor belt drives the cotton bales to move towards the direction close to the discharging hole; the first shafts are started simultaneously, the rotating first shafts drive the cotton opening wheels to rotate anticlockwise, the rotating speed of each first shaft is different and is larger than that of the conveying belt, in the rotating process of each first shaft, the cotton opening wheels on the first shafts are uniformly arranged, so that cotton bales can be fully loosened, meanwhile, the cotton opening wheels on the adjacent first shafts can further loosen the cotton bales due to the fact that the rotating speed of each first shaft is different, and accordingly the loosening effect of the cotton bales can be improved; therefore, the raw cotton is loosened into finer small cotton bundles, and gaps among the raw cotton fibers are increased, so that impurities originally wrapped in the raw cotton fibers are separated from the raw cotton fibers, and the finally obtained raw cotton fibers are cleaner; in addition, in the processing process, a part of raw cotton fibers and separated impurities are easily attached to gaps among the first teeth and wound on the outer surfaces of the first teeth, so that the loosening action of the first teeth on the raw cotton is influenced; therefore, the motor connected with the second shaft is started, so that the motor drives the second shaft to rotate, and the rotating second shaft drives the anti-winding wheel to rotate, so that the original cotton fibers attached to the gaps between the cotton opening wheels are effectively removed when the second teeth on the anti-winding wheel cross the gaps between the cotton opening wheels; the first teeth on the opening wheel can normally play a role, so that the cotton bale is fully loosened, the thickness of small cotton bundles obtained after opening treatment is more similar, impurities mixed in the original cotton fibers are fully separated, and the quality of finally obtained cotton yarns is further improved; in addition, the raw cotton fibers mixed in the gaps between the cotton opening wheels are taken away through the anti-winding wheels, so that the raw cotton fibers can be prevented from being wound on the cotton opening wheels to influence the cotton opening wheel to the cotton bale loosening process.
Preferably, the end parts of the first tooth and the second tooth which are close to each other are bent towards the direction close to the feed inlet, the rotating directions of the first shaft and the second shaft are opposite, and the rotating speed of the second shaft is greater than that of the first shaft.
When the cotton opener is used, the first shaft and the second shaft rotate in opposite directions, so that when the first shaft drives the cotton opening wheel to rotate along the anticlockwise direction, the first teeth and the second teeth on the parts, close to each other, of the cotton opening wheel and the anti-winding wheel rotate towards the direction close to the discharge hole; and because the end parts of the first tooth and the second tooth are bent towards the direction close to the feed inlet, when the second tooth hooks the raw cotton fibers wound on the first tooth, the hooked raw cotton fibers rotate with the second tooth at an higher speed and smoothly break away from the bent surface of the first tooth, so that the raw cotton fibers wound on the first tooth are effectively removed, the first tooth is ensured to normally play a role, and the raw cotton fibers are fully released.
Preferably, the end part of the second tooth is uniformly provided with a first conical block, and the second tooth drives the first conical block to hook into a gap between cotton fibers, so that the cotton fibers wound on the first tooth are further removed.
During the use, because the tip area of a awl piece is less, and the cotton fiber of winding on a tooth often has a part to be located the adjacent clearance of opening between the cotton wheel, consequently drive a awl piece through No. two teeth and pass the adjacent clearance of opening between the cotton wheel, make the tip of a awl piece imbed the raw cotton fiber clearance of winding on a tooth smoothly, make raw cotton fiber break away from a tooth along with a pivoted awl piece, thereby make on a tooth winding raw cotton fiber clear away more thoroughly, the normal work of a tooth has further been guaranteed.
Preferably, a first groove is formed in the joint of the second tooth and the anti-winding wheel, and a fixed hook block is arranged on the side surface, far away from the anti-winding wheel, of the inner surface of the first groove; and cotton fibers and impurities attached to gaps between the first teeth are further removed through the action of the first grooves.
When the cotton opener is used, when the second teeth rotate in the gaps between the adjacent cotton opening wheels, the raw cotton fibers attached and wound on the gaps between the cotton opening wheels and the first teeth are subjected to the hooking action of the second teeth and are wound on the second teeth; the raw cotton fibers slide on the surface of the second tooth and are embedded into the first groove on the second tooth, and the raw cotton fibers embedded into the first groove are limited by the fixing hook block when the raw cotton fibers tend to separate from the first groove, so that the raw cotton fibers in the first groove are fixed and smoothly separate from the first tooth along with the moving second tooth, and the first tooth can normally play a role; the raw cotton fibers wound on the second tooth are limited in the first groove, so that the continuous rotation of the second tooth is not influenced, and the raw cotton fibers on the first tooth are hooked; in addition, after the cotton bale is processed, the anti-winding wheel is detached and the second teeth on the anti-winding wheel are cleaned, so that the second teeth can normally play a role in the next processing.
Preferably, the side of the anti-winding wheel is uniformly provided with an elastic strip, the elastic strip is embedded into the gap between the first teeth, and the surface of the elastic strip is uniformly provided with elastic hook blocks.
When the anti-winding wheel is used, the elastic strip is embedded into the gap between the first teeth, and impurities and raw cotton fibers attached to the gap between the first teeth are removed through the elastic hook block on the elastic strip; along with the rotation of the anti-winding wheel, the elastic strip is pressed to deform and slides along the outer surface of the first tooth, so that impurities on the first tooth are removed more thoroughly; when the elastic strip continues to rotate and is separated from the first tooth gap, the deformation of the elastic strip is recovered, so that impurities attached to the elastic strip are effectively removed under the vibration effect, the elastic strip is ensured to normally play a role, and the raw cotton in the cotton bale is further ensured to be sufficiently loosened.
Preferably, the discharge port is inclined to the lower bottom surface of the casing, a filter screen is arranged at a position, close to the bottom, of the side surface of the discharge port, and a first cavity is arranged below the filter screen; through the action of the first cavity and the filter screen, dust and impurities contained in the cotton fibers after the opening treatment are collected by the first cavity through the filter screen.
During the use, along with the fine cotton bundle that obtains after the cotton bale quilt is processed from the discharge gate roll-off, when fine cotton bundle was through the filter screen, fine cotton bundle received the hindrance and took place the vibration for impurity that mixes in the fine cotton bundle is separated out under the vibration effect, and fall into a number of chambeies of filter screen bottom through the clearance between the filter screen and obtain collecting, thereby make the fine cotton bundle that finally obtains cleaner, consequently the impurity that contains in the cotton yarn that finally prepares the obtaining further reduces, has improved the quality of the cotton yarn that finally obtains.
The combed cotton yarn is suitable for preparing the spinning process and comprises 35 parts by weight of sea island cotton, 8 parts by weight of alginate cotton and 45 parts by weight of Xinjiang cotton.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the combed cotton yarn and the spinning process thereof, the motor connected with the second shaft is started, so that the motor drives the second shaft to rotate; the rotating second shaft drives the anti-winding wheel to rotate, so that the original cotton fibers attached to the gaps between the cotton opening wheels are effectively removed when the second teeth on the anti-winding wheel scratch the gaps between the cotton opening wheels; guaranteed that open No. one tooth on the cotton wheel can normally function for the cotton bale receives abundant pine and separates the effect, thereby makes the thickness degree of the little cotton bunch that obtains after the cotton processing of opening more similar, and the impurity that thoughtlessly has in the raw cotton fibre is fully separated out, has further improved the quality of the cotton yarn who finally obtains.
2. According to the combed cotton yarn and the spinning process thereof, the first conical block is uniformly arranged at the end part of the second tooth, and the second tooth drives the first conical block to hook into the gap between cotton fibers, so that the second tooth drives the first conical block to penetrate through the gap between the adjacent cotton opening wheels, the end part of the first conical block is smoothly embedded into the gap between the raw cotton fibers wound on the first tooth, the raw cotton fibers are separated from the first tooth along with the rotating first conical block, the raw cotton fibers wound on the first tooth are removed more thoroughly, and the normal work of the first tooth is further ensured.
Drawings
The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a cotton opener according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 2 at A;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 3 at B;
in the figure: casing 1, bracing piece 11, feed inlet 2, discharge gate 3, filter screen 31, a chamber 32, conveyer belt 4, division cotton wheel 5, a tooth 51, a axle 52, prevent twining the wheel 6, No. two axles 61, mounting panel 62, No. two teeth 63, a cone 631, a groove 632, fixed hook 633, elasticity strip 634, elasticity hook 635.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is further described with the specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, a spinning process of combed cotton yarn includes the steps of:
s1: selecting materials: placing the cotton bale of the fiber raw material into a cotton opener for opening and mixing treatment, and removing impurities mixed in the raw material;
s2: clearing the flower: carrying out vibration screening on the fine cotton bundles obtained through cotton opening treatment to remove impurities contained in the fine cotton bundles; then airing the fine cotton bundles for two to three days to remove the water contained in the fine cotton bundles; processing the dried and impurity-removed fine cotton bundles into cotton rolls through a lap former; the speed of the carding needle beater is controlled at 650-;
s3: carding cotton: sending the cotton roll into a carding machine for carding treatment to obtain fine cotton yarn fiber strips, wherein the processing parameters are as follows: the cylinder speed is 350-400r/min, the licker-in speed is 400-650r/min, the doffer speed is 30-35r/min, the cover plate speed is 150-250m/min, and the sliver discharging speed is 80-150 m/min;
s4: drawing: performing head combination, secondary combination and tertiary combination in sequence, wherein the cotton yarn fiber strip ration is 15.08-15.52g/5m, the roller center distance is 35-45 mm, and the strip discharging speed is controlled at 220-280 m/min, so that the processed cotton strip is obtained;
s5: spinning: feeding the cotton sliver obtained in S4 into a rotor spinning machine by adopting a full-automatic rotor spinning machine, finishing the rotor spinning to obtain a cotton yarn product, wherein the rotor spinning speed is 120000-;
s6: and (3) water washing treatment: putting the cotton yarn prepared in the S5 into an overflow machine, performing fiber-removing treatment in warm water at the temperature of 80-95 ℃ for 30-45min, and taking out and drying the cotton yarn to obtain a finished cotton yarn product;
the reaction raw materials comprise: 30-40 parts of sea island cotton, 5-10 parts of seaweed cotton and 40-50 parts of Xinjiang cotton;
the cotton opener adopted in the S1 comprises a machine shell 1, a feeding hole 2, a discharging hole 3, a conveying belt 4, a cotton opening wheel 5 and an anti-winding wheel 6; the bottom of the machine shell 1 is uniformly provided with support rods 11, the feed port 2 is arranged on the side surface of the machine shell 1, a conveyor belt 4 is arranged in the machine shell 1, and the end part of the feed port 2 is opposite to the surface of the conveyor belt 4; the discharge port 3 is arranged at the bottom of the machine shell 1, and the end part of the discharge port 3 is over against one side of the conveyor belt 4 far away from the feed port 2; a cotton opening wheel 5 is uniformly arranged above the conveyor belt 4, a first tooth 51 is uniformly arranged at the excircle part of the cotton opening wheel 5, and the end part of the first tooth 51 is bent; a first shaft 52 is arranged in the middle of the cotton opening wheel 5, and the first shaft 52 penetrates through the side wall of the machine shell 1 and is connected with a motor arranged on the outer side of the machine shell 1; a second shaft 61 is arranged above the first shaft 52, a mounting plate 62 is arranged at the position of the lower bottom surface of the top of the machine shell 1 corresponding to the second shaft 61, and the end part of the second shaft 61 is connected with a motor arranged in the mounting plate 62; no. two positions that lie in between the cotton wheel 5 on the axle 61 all are equipped with prevents twining wheel 6, prevent twining 6 excircle positions of wheel and evenly being equipped with No. two teeth 63, No. two tooth 63 imbeds clearance between a tooth 51 to with a tooth 51 surface clearance fit.
When the cotton bale conveyor is used, cotton bales processed from raw cotton are fed into the machine shell 1 through the feeding hole 2, the cotton bales fall above the conveyor belt 4 after entering the machine shell 1, and the conveyor belt 4 is started to rotate clockwise at the moment, so that the conveyor belt 4 drives the cotton bales to move towards the direction close to the discharging hole 3; the first shafts 52 are started simultaneously, the rotating first shafts 52 drive the cotton opening wheels 5 to rotate anticlockwise, the rotating speed of each first shaft 52 is different and is larger than that of the conveyor belt 4, in the rotating process of each first shaft 52, the cotton opening wheels 5 on the first shafts 52 are uniformly arranged, so that cotton bales can be fully loosened, meanwhile, the cotton opening wheels 5 on the adjacent first shafts 52 can further loosen the cotton bales due to the fact that the rotating speed of each first shaft 52 is different, and accordingly the loosening effect of the cotton bales can be improved; therefore, the raw cotton is loosened into finer small cotton bundles, and gaps among the raw cotton fibers are increased, so that impurities originally wrapped in the raw cotton fibers are separated from the raw cotton fibers, and the finally obtained raw cotton fibers are cleaner; in addition, during the processing process, a part of the raw cotton fibers and the separated impurities are easily attached to the gaps between the first teeth 51 and wound on the outer surfaces of the first teeth 51, so that the loosening action of the first teeth 51 on the raw cotton is influenced; therefore, a motor connected with the second shaft 61 is started, so that the motor drives the second shaft 61 to rotate, the rotating second shaft 61 drives the anti-winding wheel 6 to rotate, and therefore, the original cotton fibers attached to the gaps between the cotton opening wheels 5 are effectively removed when the second teeth 63 on the anti-winding wheel 6 pass through the gaps between the cotton opening wheels 5; the first teeth 51 on the opening wheel 5 can normally play a role, so that the cotton bale is fully loosened, the thickness of small cotton bundles obtained after opening treatment is more similar, impurities mixed in the original cotton fibers are fully separated, and the quality of finally obtained cotton yarns is further improved; in addition, the raw cotton fibers and impurities mixed in the gaps between the cotton opening wheels 5 are taken away through the anti-winding wheels 6, so that the raw cotton fibers can be prevented from being wound on the cotton opening wheels 5 to influence the loosening process of the cotton opening wheels 5 on cotton bales.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the ends of the first tooth 51 and the second tooth 63 adjacent to each other are bent toward the direction of the inlet 2, the first shaft 52 and the second shaft 61 rotate in opposite directions, and the rotation speed of the second shaft 61 is greater than that of the first shaft 52.
When the cotton opener is used, because the rotation directions of the first shaft 52 and the second shaft 61 are opposite, when the first shaft 52 drives the cotton opening wheel 5 to rotate along the anticlockwise direction, the first teeth 51 and the second teeth 63 on the parts, close to each other, of the cotton opening wheel 5 and the anti-winding wheel 6 both rotate towards the direction close to the discharge port 3; and because the end parts of the first tooth 51 and the second tooth 63 are bent towards the direction close to the feed inlet 2, when the second tooth 63 hooks the raw cotton fibers wound on the first tooth 51, the hooked raw cotton fibers rotate with the acceleration of the second tooth 63 and smoothly break away from the bent surface of the first tooth 51, so that the raw cotton fibers wound on the first tooth 51 are effectively removed, the first tooth 51 can normally play a role, and the raw cotton fibers are fully released.
As a specific embodiment of the invention, the end of the second tooth 63 is uniformly provided with the first conical block 631, and the second tooth 63 drives the first conical block 631 to hook into the gap between the cotton fibers, so as to further remove the cotton fibers wound on the first tooth 51.
During the use, because the tip area of a awl piece 631 is less, and the cotton fiber of winding on a tooth 51 often has a part to be located the adjacent clearance of opening between the cotton wheel 5, consequently, drive a awl piece 631 through No. two teeth 63 and pass the adjacent clearance of opening between the cotton wheel 5, make the tip embedding of a awl piece 631 wind the raw cotton fiber clearance on a tooth 51 smoothly, make raw cotton fiber break away from a tooth 51 along with a pivoted awl piece 631, thereby make the raw cotton fiber of winding on a tooth 51 clear away more thoroughly, further guaranteed the normal work of a tooth 51.
As a specific embodiment of the present invention, a first groove 632 is provided at the joint of the second tooth 63 and the anti-wind wheel 6, and a fixed hook block 633 is provided at the inner surface of the first groove 632, which is far away from the anti-wind wheel 6; cotton fibers and impurities adhering to the gaps between the first teeth 51 are further removed by the action of the first grooves 632.
When in use, when the second tooth 63 rotates in the gap between the adjacent cotton opening wheels 5, the raw cotton fibers attached and wound on the gap between the cotton opening wheels 5 and the first tooth 51 are wound on the second tooth 63 under the hooking of the second tooth 63; the raw cotton fibers slide on the surface of the second tooth 63 and are embedded into the first groove 632 on the second tooth 63, and the raw cotton fibers embedded into the first groove 632 are limited by the fixing hook block 633 when having a separation tendency, so that the raw cotton fibers in the first groove 632 are fixed and smoothly separate from the first tooth 51 along with the moving second tooth 63, and the first tooth 51 can normally play a role; the raw cotton fibers wound on the second tooth 63 are limited in the first groove 632, so that the continuous rotation of the second tooth 63 is not influenced, and the raw cotton fibers on the first tooth 51 are hooked; in addition, after the cotton bale is processed, the anti-winding wheel 6 is detached, the second teeth 63 on the anti-winding wheel are cleaned, and the second teeth 63 can normally function in the next processing.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the side of the anti-wind wheel 6 is uniformly provided with an elastic strip 634, the elastic strip 634 is embedded in the gap between the first teeth 51, and the surface of the elastic strip 634 is uniformly provided with an elastic hook 635.
When the anti-winding wheel 6 rotates, the elastic strip 634 is embedded into the gap between the first teeth 51, and impurities and raw cotton fibers attached to the gap between the first teeth 51 are removed through the elastic hook block 635 on the elastic strip 634; as the anti-wind wheel 6 rotates, the elastic strip 634 is pressed to deform and slide along the outer surface of the first tooth 51, so that the impurities on the first tooth 51 are removed more thoroughly; when the elastic strip 634 continues to rotate and is separated from the gap of the first tooth 51, the deformation of the elastic strip 634 is recovered, so that impurities attached to the elastic strip 634 are effectively removed under the vibration effect, the elastic strip 634 is ensured to normally function, and the raw cotton in the cotton bale is further ensured to be sufficiently loosened.
As a specific embodiment of the present invention, the discharge port 3 is inclined to the lower bottom surface of the casing 1, a filter screen 31 is disposed at a position of a side surface of the discharge port 3 close to the bottom, and a first cavity 32 is disposed below the filter screen 31; through the action of the first chamber 32 and the filter screen 31, dust impurities contained in the cotton fibers after the opening treatment are collected by the first chamber 32 through the filter screen 31.
During the use, along with the fine cotton bundle that obtains after the cotton bale quilt is processed slides out from discharge gate 3, when fine cotton bundle was through filter screen 31, fine cotton bundle received the hindrance and takes place the vibration for impurity that mixes in the fine cotton bundle is separated out under the vibration effect, and fall into a chamber 32 of filter screen 31 bottom through the clearance between the filter screen 31 and obtain collecting, thereby make the fine cotton bundle that finally obtains cleaner, consequently the impurity that contains in the cotton yarn that finally prepares the obtaining further reduces, has improved the quality of the cotton yarn that finally obtains.
The combed cotton yarn is suitable for preparing the spinning process and comprises 35 parts by weight of sea island cotton, 8 parts by weight of alginate cotton and 45 parts by weight of Xinjiang cotton.
When the cotton bale conveyor is used, cotton bales processed from raw cotton are fed into the machine shell 1 through the feeding hole 2, the cotton bales fall above the conveyor belt 4 after entering the machine shell 1, and the conveyor belt 4 is started to rotate clockwise at the moment, so that the conveyor belt 4 drives the cotton bales to move towards the direction close to the discharging hole 3; the first shafts 52 are started simultaneously, the rotating first shafts 52 drive the cotton opening wheels 5 to rotate anticlockwise, the rotating speed of each first shaft 52 is different and is larger than that of the conveyor belt 4, in the rotating process of each first shaft 52, the cotton opening wheels 5 on the first shafts 52 are uniformly arranged, so that cotton bales can be fully loosened, meanwhile, the cotton opening wheels 5 on the adjacent first shafts 52 can further loosen the cotton bales due to the fact that the rotating speed of each first shaft 52 is different, and accordingly the loosening effect of the cotton bales can be improved; therefore, the raw cotton is loosened into finer small cotton bundles, and gaps among the raw cotton fibers are increased, so that impurities originally wrapped in the raw cotton fibers are separated from the raw cotton fibers, and the finally obtained raw cotton fibers are cleaner; in addition, during the processing process, a part of the raw cotton fibers and the separated impurities are easily attached to the gaps between the first teeth 51 and wound on the outer surfaces of the first teeth 51, so that the loosening action of the first teeth 51 on the raw cotton is influenced; therefore, a motor connected with the second shaft 61 is started, so that the motor drives the second shaft 61 to rotate, the rotating second shaft 61 drives the anti-winding wheel 6 to rotate, and therefore, the original cotton fibers attached to the gaps between the cotton opening wheels 5 are effectively removed when the second teeth 63 on the anti-winding wheel 6 pass through the gaps between the cotton opening wheels 5; the first teeth 51 on the opening wheel 5 can normally play a role, so that the cotton bale is fully loosened, the thickness of small cotton bundles obtained after opening treatment is more similar, impurities mixed in the original cotton fibers are fully separated, and the quality of finally obtained cotton yarns is further improved; in addition, the anti-winding wheel 6 takes away the raw cotton fibers and impurities mixed in the gaps between the cotton opening wheels 5, so that the raw cotton fibers can be prevented from being wound on the cotton opening wheels 5 to influence the process of loosening the cotton bale by the cotton opening wheels 5; because the first shaft 52 and the second shaft 61 rotate in opposite directions, when the first shaft 52 drives the opening wheel 5 to rotate in the counterclockwise direction, the first teeth 51 and the second teeth 63 on the parts of the opening wheel 5 and the anti-winding wheel 6 close to each other rotate in the direction close to the discharge port 3; because the end parts of the first tooth 51 and the second tooth 63 are bent towards the direction close to the feed inlet 2, when the second tooth 63 hooks the raw cotton fibers wound on the first tooth 51, the hooked raw cotton fibers rotate with the second tooth 63 at an accelerated speed and smoothly separate along the bent surface of the first tooth 51, so that the raw cotton fibers wound on the first tooth 51 are effectively removed, the first tooth 51 can normally play a role, and the raw cotton fibers are fully subjected to a loosening function; when the second tooth 63 rotates in the gap between the adjacent cotton opening wheels 5, the raw cotton fibers attached to and wound in the gap between the cotton opening wheels 5 and the first tooth 51 are wound on the second tooth 63 under the hooking action of the second tooth 63; the raw cotton fibers slide on the surface of the second tooth 63 and are embedded into the first groove 632 on the second tooth 63, and the raw cotton fibers embedded into the first groove 632 are limited by the fixing hook block 633 when having a separation tendency, so that the raw cotton fibers in the first groove 632 are fixed and smoothly separate from the first tooth 51 along with the moving second tooth 63, and the first tooth 51 can normally play a role; the raw cotton fibers wound on the second tooth 63 are limited in the first groove 632, so that the continuous rotation of the second tooth 63 is not influenced, and the raw cotton fibers on the first tooth 51 are hooked; in addition, after the cotton bale is processed, the anti-winding wheel 6 is detached, the second teeth 63 on the anti-winding wheel are cleaned, and the second teeth 63 can normally function in the next processing.
In order to verify the specific use effect of the invention, the following 1-4 experiments are carried out by the related applicants of the invention:
experiment 1: selecting 35 parts by weight of sea island cotton, 8 parts by weight of alginate cotton and 45 parts by weight of Xinjiang cotton as raw materials, preparing combed cotton yarns by matching the textile process of the invention with a cotton opener, wherein the cotton opener is the cotton opener provided by the invention, and selecting 20 combed cotton yarns from the prepared combed cotton yarns as an experimental group;
20 combed cotton yarns with the same specification are selected from the market to serve as a control group 1;
the implementation method comprises the following steps: respectively placing the experimental subjects of the experimental group and the control group 1 into a fixed disc for fixing, and placing the experimental subjects of the experimental group and the control group 1 outdoors for a period of time every day in the six-week experimental process to receive the influence of outdoor weather environment change; ensuring that the experimental objects of the experimental group and the control group 1 are in the same experimental area, and all the experimental objects keep moving synchronously, wherein the time that the experimental objects stay outside every day is not less than six hours; the average evenness of the yarn was measured on all subjects by a YG 136A yarn evenness tester on the weekend of each week;
respectively removing the maximum value and the minimum value in the detection results of each group, accumulating the residual test data results, and respectively dividing by 18 to obtain the average value of each group of experimental objects as the representative value of each group, and recording the condition that the evenness representative value of each group changes along with time in the following table 1;
TABLE 1
And (3) analyzing an experimental result: by comparing the data of the experimental group and the control group 1, the yarn evenness of the control group 1 is obviously higher, and the yarn evenness of the control group 1 is rapidly increased along with the change of time, which shows that the quality of the cotton yarn produced by the textile process provided by the invention is obviously better than that of like products in the market; compared with the existing products on the market, the cotton yarn provided by the invention has more uniform texture, more consistent thickness degree of different parts of the cotton yarn and better quality.
Experiment 2: selecting a part of reaction raw materials which are the same as those of the experimental group, and selecting a common FA105A type single axial flow cotton opener in the market according to the textile process provided by the invention, wherein the process parameters of the FA105A type single axial flow cotton opener in the processing process are consistent with those of the cotton opener used by the experimental group, and other equipment and processing conditions adopted in the processing process are consistent with those of the experimental group; randomly selecting 20 cotton yarns from the prepared cotton yarns as a control group 2; the control group 2 was tested according to the test method in experiment 1, and the obtained test results were compared with the evenness average results of the test groups to obtain table 2:
TABLE 2
And (3) analyzing an experimental result: through comparison between the experimental group and the control group 2, the cotton yarns corresponding to the control group 2 change along with time, the yarn evenness increasing speed is accelerated, and the cotton opening machine in the market is proved to be easy to cause that cotton fibers are wound on a brad beater of the cotton opening machine in the use process, so that the cotton opening process is insufficient; therefore, compared with the cotton yarn produced by the cotton opener provided by matching with the textile technology, the cotton yarn in the comparison group 2 has insufficient impurity removal in the cotton opening processing stage, and different raw material cotton is not thoroughly mixed, so that the thickness of the produced cotton roll is uneven, and the quality of the finally produced cotton yarn is poor.
Experiment 3: selecting 35 parts by weight of long stapled cotton and 45 parts by weight of fine stapled cotton, preparing the combed cotton yarn by matching the textile process of the invention with a cotton opener, wherein the cotton opener is the cotton opener provided by the invention, and selecting 20 cotton yarns from the prepared combed cotton yarn as a control group 3; the control group 3 was tested according to the test method in experiment 1, and the obtained test results were compared with the evenness average results of the test groups to obtain table 3:
TABLE 3
And (3) analyzing an experimental result: through comparison between the experimental group and the comparison group 3, the cotton yarns corresponding to the comparison group 3 have the advantage that the yarn evenness increasing speed is accelerated along with the change of time, and the fact that the quality of the cotton yarns obtained by adopting the existing raw material formula in the market and matching with the textile process and the provided cotton opener is poorer than that of the cotton yarns in the experimental group is shown; because the alginate cotton is added into the raw materials adopted in the textile technology, and the alginate cotton is subjected to double-sided hot ironing treatment and surface high-temperature ironing treatment during manufacturing, the alginate cotton is not easy to deform, the finally manufactured cotton yarn is not easy to deform and break in use, and the quality of the cotton yarn is further improved.
Experiment 4: selecting 35 parts by weight of sea island cotton, 8 parts by weight of alginate cotton and 45 parts by weight of Xinjiang cotton as raw materials, matching with the cotton opener provided by the invention according to a common textile process on the market to prepare combed cotton yarns, and optionally selecting 20 combed cotton yarns as a control group 4; the control group 4 was tested according to the test method in experiment 1, and the obtained test results were compared with the evenness average results of the test groups to obtain table 4:
TABLE 4
And (3) analyzing an experimental result: through comparison between the experimental group and the control group 4, it can be seen that the existing process in the market is difficult to ensure that the thickness degree of the obtained surface yarns is difficult to be uniform enough after the cotton opening treatment is finished, and impurity removal is not thorough in the processing process, so that the quality of the obtained cotton yarns is influenced, and the process is obviously different from the cotton yarns obtained by the cotton opening machine provided by matching the textile process provided by the invention in the experimental group.
In conclusion, comparison among different experimental subjects shows that the cotton yarns produced by the cotton opener provided by matching the improved textile process of the invention are superior to the same type of products obtained by the prior art; in addition, when the cotton opener disclosed by the invention is used for processing the raw cotton bale into fine cotton bundles in the cotton opening stage, the thickness degree of the prepared cotton bundles is more uniform, and impurities in the raw cotton bale are fully removed, so that the thickness degree of the finally prepared cotton yarn is more uniform, the impurity content in the cotton yarn is less, the breakage rate of the obtained cotton yarn is reduced, and the cotton yarn is more durable in practical use.
The front, the back, the left, the right, the upper and the lower are all based on the figure 2 in the attached drawings of the specification, according to the standard of the observation angle of a person, the side of the device facing an observer is defined as the front, the left side of the observer is defined as the left, and the like.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used merely for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
The foregoing illustrates and describes the principles, general features, and advantages of the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (2)
1. A spinning process of combed cotton yarns is characterized in that: the spinning process comprises the following steps:
s1: selecting materials: placing the cotton bale of the fiber raw material into a cotton opener for opening and mixing treatment, and removing impurities mixed in the raw material;
s2: clearing the flower: carrying out vibration screening on the fine cotton bundles obtained through cotton opening treatment to remove impurities contained in the fine cotton bundles; then airing the fine cotton bundles for two to three days to remove the water contained in the fine cotton bundles; processing the dried and impurity-removed fine cotton bundles into cotton rolls through a lap former; the speed of the carding needle beater is controlled at 650-;
s3: carding cotton: sending the cotton roll into a carding machine for carding treatment to obtain fine cotton yarn fiber strips, wherein the processing parameters are as follows: the cylinder speed is 350-400r/min, the licker-in speed is 400-650r/min, the doffer speed is 30-35r/min, the cover plate speed is 150-250m/min, and the sliver discharging speed is 80-150 m/min;
s4: drawing: performing head combination, secondary combination and tertiary combination in sequence, wherein the cotton yarn fiber strip ration is 15.08-15.52g/5m, the roller center distance is 35-45 mm, and the strip discharging speed is controlled at 220-280 m/min, so that the processed cotton strip is obtained;
s5: spinning: feeding the cotton sliver obtained in S4 into a rotor spinning machine by adopting a full-automatic rotor spinning machine, finishing the rotor spinning to obtain a cotton yarn product, wherein the rotor spinning speed is 120000-;
the cotton opener adopted in the S1 comprises a machine shell (1), a feeding hole (2), a discharging hole (3), a conveying belt (4), a cotton opening wheel (5) and an anti-winding wheel (6); the bottom of the machine shell (1) is provided with a support rod (11), the feed port (2) is installed on the side face of the machine shell (1), a conveyor belt (4) is arranged inside the machine shell (1), and the end part of the feed port (2) is opposite to the surface of the conveyor belt (4); the discharge port (3) is arranged at the bottom of the machine shell (1), and the end part of the discharge port (3) is over against one side of the conveyor belt (4) far away from the feed port (2); cotton opening wheels (5) are uniformly arranged above the conveyor belt (4), first teeth (51) are uniformly arranged at the outer circle part of each cotton opening wheel (5), and the end parts of the first teeth (51) are bent; a first shaft (52) is arranged in the middle of the cotton opening wheel (5), and the first shaft (52) penetrates through the side wall of the machine shell (1) and is connected with a motor arranged on the outer side of the machine shell (1); a second shaft (61) is arranged above the first shaft (52), a mounting plate (62) is arranged at a position, corresponding to the second shaft (61), of the bottom surface of the top of the machine shell (1), an anti-winding wheel (6) is arranged on the periphery of the second shaft (61) and connected with a motor arranged in the mounting plate (62), second teeth (63) are uniformly arranged at the excircle position of the anti-winding wheel (6), and the second teeth (63) are embedded into gaps among the first teeth (51) and are in clearance fit with the outer surface of the first teeth (51);
the end parts of the first tooth (51) and the second tooth (63) which are close to each other are bent towards the direction close to the feed port (2), the first shaft (52) and the second shaft (61) rotate in opposite directions, and the rotating speed of the second shaft (61) is greater than that of the first shaft (52);
the end parts of the second teeth (63) are uniformly provided with first conical blocks (631), the first conical blocks (631) are driven to be hooked into gaps among cotton fibers through the second teeth (63), and therefore the cotton fibers wound on the first teeth (51) are further removed;
a first groove (632) is formed in the joint of the second tooth (63) and the anti-winding wheel (6), and a fixed hook block (633) is arranged on the side surface, away from the anti-winding wheel (6), of the inner surface of the first groove (632); cotton fibers and impurities attached to gaps between the first teeth (51) are further removed through the action of the first grooves (632);
the side of the anti-winding wheel (6) is uniformly provided with an elastic strip (634), the elastic strip (634) is embedded into a gap between the first teeth (51), and the surface of the elastic strip (634) is uniformly provided with an elastic hook block (635).
2. A process for spinning combed cotton yarn according to claim 1 wherein: the discharge hole (3) is inclined to the lower bottom surface of the casing (1), a filter screen (31) is arranged at the position, close to the bottom, of the side surface of the discharge hole (3), and a first cavity (32) is arranged below the filter screen (31); through the action of the first cavity (32) and the filter screen (31), dust impurities contained in the cotton fibers after the opening treatment are collected by the first cavity (32) through the filter screen (31).
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