CN113069559A - 一种稀土基纳米磁共振造影剂的制备及应用 - Google Patents
一种稀土基纳米磁共振造影剂的制备及应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种包覆亲水性配体的稀土基无机纳米粒子磁共振造影剂及其制备方法和应用。本发明的磁共振造影剂具有如下优点:成像效果好,生物相容性良好,且制备方法简单,使用安全,性质稳定,可应用于磁共振分子影像研究。
Description
技术领域
本发明设计一种聚乙烯亚胺修饰的稀土基纳米磁共振造影剂及其制备方法,属于纳米材料技术领域。
背景技术
目前分子影像学技术发展迅速,技术逐渐成熟完善,已被作为生物医学领域临床诊断和基础研究中必不可少的检测工具。分子影像学的成像技术主要包括核医学成像、超声成像、磁共振成像(简称MRI)、光学成像、X射线断层扫描成像(简称CT)等方法。
磁共振成像是一种非侵入性的成像方法,属于生物自旋成像技术,其所提供的信息不同于其他的成像方法。图像的灰阶所反映的是MR信号的强弱或弛豫原子核的相位和能级时间的长短,相比于CT、超声、核医学等医学影像检查技术,MRI具有许多突出优点,如无需变换体位便可实现任意层面的扫描;空间和组织分辨率和对比度较高,且无骨质伪影;无电离辐射和放射性;能反映被检测组织水质子周围环境并获取有关生理生化信息;可实现多核多参数成像,能够更好地对心脏、大血管形态和功能的诊断。目前已成为临床常规影像诊断方法和手段之一。
但是磁共振成像的分辨率在某些情况下还不能满足临床需要,所以在多数磁共振检查中需要使用磁共振造影剂以达到增强造影的效果。磁共振造影剂根据其作用的原理可以分为2种,即纵向弛豫(T1)造影剂和横向弛豫(T2)造影剂。T1造影剂以钆类有机化合物为主要研究对象,而T2造影剂是以铁类物质为核心。小分子钆类造影剂能够缩短水中质子的T1时间,使得T1加权成像的亮度变大。临床上常用的磁共振造影剂为钆螯合物,传统的钆造影剂缺乏靶向性、半衰期较短、弛豫效能较低且大量使用可导致毒副作用等缺点。目前,已有较多文献报道将钆造影剂制备成纳米制剂后能够具有靶向性,延长血中滞留时间,提高弛豫效能,减少总剂量从而降低毒副作用等优点。
因此,迫切需要研制一种形貌尺寸可控,弛豫效能高,具有良好的MRI成像效果且生物相容性良好的新型纳米造影剂,应用于磁共振分子影像研究。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种新型稀土基纳米磁共振造影剂及其制备方法,以解决现有问题。
为实现上述目的,本发明提供如下技术方案:
一种新型稀土基纳米磁共振造影剂,该造影剂为PEI-NaGdF4纳米粒子。
一种新型稀土基纳米磁共振造影剂的制备方法,该制备方法包括以下步骤:
合成PEI-NaGdF4纳米粒子
①室温下,将1.5g PEI在搅拌下加入到20 mL乙二醇中,至完全溶解。
②0.372g的GdCl3·6H2O加入到上述溶液中,搅拌溶解。
③0.058g的NaCl加入到上述溶液中,搅拌10~30min。
④0.15g NH4F溶解于10 mL乙二醇中完全溶解,将此溶液加入到③中,搅拌10~30min。
⑤将混合溶液倒入反应釜内胆中,拧紧反应釜,放置于鼓风干燥箱中160~190℃,反应16~24小时。
⑥反应结束后冷却至室温,将反应后的液体和固体转移至离心管中,3000~15000rpm,5~20min,丢弃上清液,留下管底固体。然后加入去离子水,超声分散固体,再离心(3000~15000 rpm,5~20min),如此反复3~5次,最后放置于干燥箱干燥(50~80℃)。
本发明中纳米粒子的尺寸为80nm~150nm,并且纳米离子表面修饰亲水性聚合物聚乙烯亚胺(PEI),使其有更好的亲水性及生物相容性。
与现有技术本发明的有益效果:
本发明合成表面修饰聚乙烯亚胺的稀土基纳米粒子,其具有较好的亲水性及生物相容性,适宜的尺寸,分散性和稳定性好,良好的MRI成像效果等优点;
本发明可作为造影剂应用于MRI成像;
本发明制备方法操作简单,使用安全方便。附图说明
图1是本发明一种新型稀土基纳米造影剂PEI修饰的NaGdF4纳米粒子的透射电子显微镜图;
图2是本发明实施例不同剂量造影剂分散于生理盐水中的T1加权磁共振成像图;
图3为本发明实施例造影剂进入小鼠体内的磁共振成像结构图。
具体实施方式
下面通过具体实施例和其附图,对本发明做进一步说明。
实施例1:
一种新型造影剂,该造影剂为PEI-NaGdF4纳米粒子。
制备方法,该制备方法中主要的实验仪器及实验材料包括:
六水合氯化钆(GdCl3·6H2O,>99.99%)、氟化铵(NH4F,>99.99%),聚乙烯亚胺(PEI,>99.99%),乙二醇,氯化钠(NaCl,>99.99%),购自上海阿拉丁生化科技股份有限公司。
磁共振成像系统(飞利浦,InteraAchieva 1.5T,荷兰飞利浦公司)
合成PEI-NaGdF4纳米粒子
①室温下,将1.5g PEI在搅拌下加入到20 mL乙二醇中,至完全溶解。
②0.372g的GdCl3·6H2O加入到上述溶液中,搅拌溶解。
③0.058g的NaCl加入到上述溶液中,搅拌30min。
④0.15g NH4F溶解于10 mL乙二醇中完全溶解,将此溶液加入到③中,搅拌30min。
⑤将混合溶液倒入反应釜内胆中,拧紧反应釜,放置于鼓风干燥箱中190℃,反应24小时。
⑥反应结束后冷却至室温,将反应后的液体和固体转移至离心管中,12000rpm,10min,丢弃上清液,留下管底固体。然后加入去离子水,超声分散固体,再离心(12000 rpm,10min),如此反复3次,最后放置于干燥箱干燥(60℃)。
通过透射电镜表征该实施例所获的PEI修饰的NaGdF4纳米粒子造影剂的形貌和粒径(见图1)。纳米粒子的尺寸为100nm左右。
实施例2
使用1.5T的MRI测试仪测试实施例1所获的PEI修饰的NaGdF4纳米粒子造影剂的T1加权成像,包括:
将不同浓度 (0、12.5、25、50、100g/mL) PEI修饰的 NaGdF4纳米粒子分散于生理盐水中,置于一系列1.5 mL的样品管中,使用MRI测试仪进行测定。测试后,通过在不同浓度下的T1加权成像(图2)可以看出,随着浓度的增加,造影剂成像图有变亮的趋势,表明该实施例PEI修饰的NaGdF4纳米粒子造影剂的造影效果逐渐增强。
实施例3
利用实施例1所获的PEI修饰的NaGdF4纳米粒子造影剂进行小鼠体内磁共振成像研究,步骤如下:
选取4-6周龄健康小鼠作为实验动物进行活体磁共振成像研究。
①将10%(w/v)水合氯醛对小鼠进行腹腔注射麻醉(给药量为0.05mL/10g小鼠)。
②将50g/mL的PEI修饰的NaGdF4纳米造影剂按0.5mL/100g小鼠进行尾静脉注射,在注射10min后对小鼠进行磁共振扫描,结果见图3。
采用磁共振成像系统(飞利浦,InteraAchieva 1.5T,荷兰飞利浦公司)扫描,3英寸表面线圈,轴位T1FSE,SE序列,TR=620ms,TE=20.7s,FOV=200×200,层厚=3.0 mm,无间隔。先行平扫,然后于注射后10 min进行小鼠磁共振扫描,对比观察注射造影剂前后的成像情况。
测试该实施例在活体内的成像效果可以看出注射PEI修饰的NaGdF4造影剂后,小鼠的肝脏部位图像变亮,T1-MR 信号增强(见图3)。
本发明的磁共振造影剂具有注射剂量低、成像效果好等特点,进一步表明PEI修饰的NaGdF4造影剂于 T1-MR 成像方面有着潜在应用价值。
另外,以上内容仅为本发明的优选实施例,并不作为本发明限制,对于本领域的技术人员来说,本发明可以有更改和变化。凡在本发明的创造构思之内,所作的修改、改进等,均应包括在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (6)
1.一种稀土基纳米磁共振造影剂,其特征在于:包覆亲水性配体的稀土基无机纳米粒子。
2.根据权利要求1所述的稀土纳米颗粒,其特征在于:所述稀土基无机纳米粒子为NaGdF4。
3.根据权利要求1所述的稀土纳米颗粒,其特征在于:所述亲水性聚合物为聚乙烯亚胺(PEI)。
4.一种权利要求1-3中所述的稀土纳米颗粒的制备方法,其特征在于以下步骤:室温下,将1.5g PEI在搅拌下加入到20 mL乙二醇中,完全溶解后加入0.372g的GdCl3·6H2O,搅拌溶解,再加入0.058g的NaCl,搅拌10~30min,得到完全溶解的混合溶液,将0.15g NH4F溶解于10 mL乙二醇中后加入到上述混合溶液中,搅拌10~30min,最后将混合溶液倒入反应釜内胆中,拧紧反应釜,放置于鼓风干燥箱中160~190℃,反应16~24小时,反应结束后冷却至室温,将反应后的液体和固体转移至离心管中,3000~15000rpm,5~20min,丢弃上清液,留下管底固体,然后加入去离子水,超声分散固体,再离心(3000~15000 rpm,5~20min),如此反复3~5次,最后放置于干燥箱干燥(50~80℃)。
5.根据权利要求4所述的制备方法,其特征在于:所述采用的洗涤方式为离心洗涤,洗涤次数为3~5次。
6.一种稀土基纳米磁共振造影剂应用,其特征在于:该造影剂在MRI中的应用。
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