CN113068640A - Breeding method of fancy carp strain with red skin and high coverage rate - Google Patents
Breeding method of fancy carp strain with red skin and high coverage rate Download PDFInfo
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- CN113068640A CN113068640A CN202110298312.5A CN202110298312A CN113068640A CN 113068640 A CN113068640 A CN 113068640A CN 202110298312 A CN202110298312 A CN 202110298312A CN 113068640 A CN113068640 A CN 113068640A
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- 241000252233 Cyprinus carpio Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 93
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000009396 hybridization Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 108700003861 Dominant Genes Proteins 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009394 selective breeding Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 244000304217 Brassica oleracea var. gongylodes Species 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000012214 genetic breeding Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 241001671870 Carpiodes Species 0.000 description 4
- 238000010187 selection method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 3
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 241000252210 Cyprinidae Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000252206 Cypriniformes Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000252231 Cyprinus Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241001313855 Bletilla Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000519995 Stachys sylvatica Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000212749 Zesius chrysomallus Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of carp genetic breeding, in particular to a breeding method of a koi strain with red skin and high coverage rate. The breeding method comprises the step of hybridizing a carp variety containing a carp red skin gene and a red kohlrabi as parents. The method utilizes the carp red skin gene to improve the red skin coverage rate of the offspring, and obtains a new strain with excellent properties and high red skin coverage rate after breeding. The method obviously increases the coverage rate of target characters on the basis of not reducing the practical degree of economic characters, effectively improves the individual selection rate of high-quality red and white koi offspring and reduces the elimination rate of all-white individuals. The method has the advantages of simple breeding steps, low cost, good economic character, high practical value and the like, and has important significance for improving the ornamental value of the fancy carps, improving the economic benefit and promoting the high-quality development of urban agriculture.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of carp genetic breeding, in particular to a breeding method of a koi strain with red skin and high coverage rate.
Background
The fancy carp belongs to Cypriniformes (Cypriniformes), Cyprinidae (Cyprinidae) and Cyprinus (Cyprinus), is a large ornamental aquatic animal, and has remarkable effects in urban landscape, high-quality and high-efficiency agriculture, ecological livable citizens and the like. The fancy carp is a mutant variety of the carp, is a high hybrid obtained by artificial breeding for more than 200 years, and has the body color stripes which are like the human fingerprints.
The traditional red kohlrabi breeding is that a female parent of the red kohlrabi is hybridized with a male parent of the red kohlrabi, and then the female parent and the male parent are selected from tens of thousands of offspring according to industry standards. The parent blood system of the breeding method is unknown, the proportion of individuals with less than 50 percent of total red, total bletilla and red speckle skin covering the fish body side line in filial generation exceeds 60 percent, and the selected individuals in a selected group are only about 40 percent basically. The traditional breeding method is labor-consuming and time-consuming, and the individual proportion of the filial generation with high-quality red stripes is low, which becomes a bottleneck restricting the high-quality development of the koi industry.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a breeding method of a koi strain with red skin and high coverage rate.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention carries out a great deal of attempts on parent hybridization and breeding by taking the fancy carp as a research object, and finds that the hybridization of the carp variety containing the carp red skin gene and the red and white fancy carp can obviously improve the red skin coverage rate of filial generations, does not reduce the economic character of the filial generations and increases the selection rate of high-quality fancy carp progeny.
Specifically, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a breeding method of a fancy carp strain with red skin and high coverage rate, which comprises the step of hybridizing a carp variety containing a carp red skin gene and a red koi as parents.
Preferably, after the hybridization, the individuals with red spots, white spots and red stripes covering more than 50% of the fish body side line are eliminated, and the individuals with red stripes covering more than or equal to 50% of the fish body side line are selected to obtain the next generation.
Further preferably, the selection time after the hybridization is 35 to 45 days (most preferably 40 days) for breeding of the filial generation.
The carp red skin gene is preferably a dominant gene.
The skin of the carp containing the dominant red skin gene is totally or partially red, and whether the skin of the carp contains the dominant red skin gene can be judged according to the skin color of the carp.
In the carp variety containing the dominant carp red skin gene, the invention discovers that the hybridization of the fire carp serving as a parent and the red and white carp can remarkably improve the red skin coverage rate of filial generations without reducing the economic character compared with other varieties.
Preferably, the carp variety containing the carp red skin gene is Cyprinus carpio.
Preferably, the red kohlrabi in the parents is a mature individual of the third generation of blood system obtained by breeding the red kohlrabi. The carp variety containing the dominant carp red skin gene is hybridized with the red koi, so that the red skin coverage rate of filial generations is improved, and the selection rate of high-quality koi progeny is increased.
In the above breeding method, the hybridization may be orthogonal or inverse hybridization, and specifically may be: the carp variety containing the carp red skin gene is taken as a male parent and the red koi is taken as a female parent for hybridization, or the red koi is taken as the male parent and the carp variety containing the carp red skin gene is taken as the female parent for hybridization.
Preferably, the ratio of male and female parents of the cross is 1: 1.
In the breeding method, the self-crossing of the filial generation is carried out after the crossing.
Specifically, selfing the first filial generation to produce seeds is carried out, individuals with red, white and red stripes covering more than 50% of fish body side line are eliminated, and individuals with red stripes covering more than or equal to 50% of fish body side line are selected.
Preferably, the selection time after the selfing is 35-45 days (most preferably 40 days) for breeding the selfed progeny.
Preferably, the selfing is performed for at least 2 generations.
In the breeding method of the invention, the age of the hybridized and selfed parents is preferably more than or equal to 2 years.
As a preferred embodiment of the invention, the breeding method of the koi line with high red skin coverage rate comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting mature individuals of the third generation of blood system, which are bred from the red and white koi, as parents, wherein the parents are 2 years old or more; hybridizing Cyprinus Carpio which is a basic variety material containing Cyprinus Carpio red skin genes with the Cyprinus Carpio red and kohlrabi parents, eliminating individuals with red stripes, white stripes and red stripes covering more than 50% of the lateral line of the fish body, and selecting the individuals with red stripes covering more than or equal to 50% of the lateral line of the fish body as a first filial generation;
(2) and (2) using the first filial generation obtained in the step (1) for selfing seed production, utilizing the characteristic that the body colors of the filial combination offspring have obvious difference, eliminating individuals with red, white and red stripes covering more than 50% of the fish body side line, selecting individuals with red stripes covering more than or equal to 50% of the fish body side line, and through at least 2 generations of selfing breeding generations, improving the quality of the red and white koi generation by generation, and realizing the purpose of basic homozygosis of red genes.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the method for breeding the fancy carp, red skin coverage rate of offspring is improved by utilizing the red skin gene of the carp, dominant red skin gene of the carp is quickly introduced and homozygous is continuously strengthened through parent hybridization, the gene is introduced into a selfed variety of hybridization combination, and a new strain with excellent properties and high coverage rate of the red skin is obtained after breeding. The method obviously increases the coverage rate of target characters (red skin) on the basis of not reducing the practical degree of economic characters, effectively improves the individual selection rate of high-quality red and white koi offspring, and reduces the elimination rate of all-white individuals. The breeding method has the advantages of simple breeding steps, low cost, good economic characters, high practical value and the like, and has important significance for improving the ornamental value of the fancy carps, improving the economic benefit and promoting the high-quality development of urban agriculture.
Practice proves that when the breeding method is used for genetic breeding, the content of the selected red and white koi in the first filial generation group can reach more than 60 percent, and the red stripe skin covers more than 50 percent of the fish body side line except meeting other appreciation industry standards; selfing the first filial generation of red and white koi to obtain a second filial generation, wherein the second filial generation group contains about 65% of the red and white koi, and the red stripe skin covers more than 50% of the fish body side line except for meeting other appreciation industry standards; the second generation of the offspring is bred with the selective red white koi to obtain the third generation of the offspring, the third generation of the offspring comprises more than 70 percent of the selective red white koi, and except meeting other appreciation industry standards, the red stripe skin covers more than 50 percent of the fish body lateral line.
Detailed Description
The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The Cyprinus Carpio parent used in the following examples was introduced by a certain koi farm in the great Khingan area in Beijing.
Example 1
And (3) 20 male parent and female parent, wherein the male parent and the female parent are 10 male and 10 female, and the female parent are 5 female and are randomly selected for hybridization test. Randomly selecting 5 mature male parents of the red and white koi, which are obtained by breeding the red and white koi in the third generation of pedigree, for hybridization test.
The embodiment provides a breeding method of a koi strain with red skin and high coverage rate, which comprises the following steps:
(1) artificially hybridizing male parent and female parent of Cyprinus carpio with male parent and female parent of Cyprinus carpio according to a ratio of 1:1 to obtain 125 ten thousand branches of first filial generation offspring seeds, breeding for 40d, and then carrying out first offspring seed selection, wherein a basic selection method is carried out according to the technical specification of Cyprinus carpio breeding (DB 3301/T174) of the local standard of Beijing City, and the red stripe skin is required to cover more than 50% of the upper part of the lateral line of the fish body, so that individuals with red stripes, white stripes and less than 50% of red skin covering the lateral line of the fish body are eliminated, 78 ten thousand branches (one generation) of offspring seeds are selected one by one to be used for improving the coverage rate of red skin genes of Cyprinus carpio fries in the total amount, and the other 37.6% and 47 ten thousand branches are all eliminated;
(2) after the first filial generation is mature in 2 years, 5 male parents and 5 female parents are respectively selected for selfing to obtain 150 ten thousand of second filial generations, classification and selection are carried out according to the selection time and the selection method of the first filial generation, the stability of red skin genes in the first filial generation is enhanced, 95 ten thousand of second filial generations (second filial generations) are selected and retained after selection, the seeds accounting for 63.3 percent of the total offspring seeds and the rest 36.7 percent of the total offspring seeds are eliminated; after the second filial generation is mature in the age of 2 days, further strengthening the stability of the red skin gene in the second filial generation in the third filial generation according to the selfing method of the second filial generation, sorting and selecting according to the sorting time and the sorting method of the second filial generation, wherein the third filial generation is sorted, the sorting rate of the high-quality koi is 71.1%, and other 28.9% of the seeds are completely eliminated.
Example 2
And selecting 5 male parents (female parent) at random for hybridization test from 20 male parents (female parent) and 10 male parents (male parent) of 3-year-old cyprinus carpio parents. And randomly selecting 5 mature female parents of the red and white koi, which are obtained by breeding the red and white koi in the third generation of pedigree, for a hybridization test.
The embodiment provides a breeding method of a koi strain with red skin and high coverage rate, which comprises the following steps:
(1) artificially hybridizing male and female parents of cryprinus carpiod and male parents of cryprinus carpiod according to the ratio of 1:1 to obtain 170 ten thousand seeds of first filial generation seeds, breeding for 40d, then carrying out first-time selection on the seeds, carrying out a basic selection method according to the technical specification of cryprinus carpiod breeding (DB 3301/T174) of the local standard of Beijing City, and requiring that red stripe skin covers over 50% of the upper part of the side line of a fish body, eliminating individuals with red stripe, white stripe and red stripe covering over less than 50% of the side line of the fish body, selecting 105 ten thousand seeds (one generation) of the seeds after tail-by-tail selection, wherein the seeds account for 61.8% of the total amount, are used for improving the coverage rate of red stripe skin genes of the cryprinus carpiod seeds, and other 38.2% and 65 ten thousand seeds are all eliminated;
(2) after the first filial generation is mature in 2 years, 5 male parents and 5 female parents are respectively selected for selfing to obtain 165 ten thousand of second filial generation, sorting and selecting are carried out according to the sorting time and the sorting method of the first filial generation, the stability of red skin genes in the first filial generation is enhanced, 108 ten thousand of second filial generation (second filial generation) are selected and retained after sorting, the seeds accounting for 65.5 percent of the total seeds are completely eliminated, and the other 34.5 percent of the seeds are completely eliminated; after the second filial generation is mature in the age of 2 years, the stability of the red skin gene in the second filial generation in the third filial generation is further strengthened according to the selfing method of the second filial generation, classification and selection are carried out according to the selection time and the selection method of the second filial generation, the third filial generation is selected, the selection rate of the high-quality koi is 72.6%, and other 27.4% of seeds are completely eliminated.
Although the invention has been described in detail hereinabove with respect to a general description and specific embodiments thereof, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications or improvements may be made thereto based on the invention. Accordingly, such modifications and improvements are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (10)
1. A breeding method of a koi line with red skin and high coverage rate is characterized by comprising the step of carrying out hybridization by taking a carp variety containing a carp red skin gene and a red koi as parents.
2. The breeding method according to claim 1, wherein individuals with red, white and red speckles covering the fish body side line by less than 50% are eliminated after the hybridization, and individuals with red speckles covering the fish body side line by more than or equal to 50% are selected to obtain the next generation.
3. The breeding method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the carp red skin gene is a dominant gene.
4. The breeding method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the carp variety containing the carp red skin gene is Cyprinus Carpio.
5. The breeding method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the red koi in the parent is a mature individual of third generation descent obtained by breeding of red koi.
6. A selective breeding method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the carp species containing the carp red skin gene is used as a male parent and the red koi is used as a female parent for hybridization, or the red koi is used as a male parent and the carp species containing the carp red skin gene is used as a female parent for hybridization.
7. The breeding method according to claim 6, wherein the ratio of the male parent to the female parent of the cross is 1: 1.
8. The breeding method according to any one of claims 2 to 7, wherein the first filial generation is subjected to selfing to produce seeds, individuals with red, white and red stripe covering the fish body side line and less than 50% are eliminated, and individuals with red stripe covering the fish body side line and more than or equal to 50% are selected.
9. The breeding method according to claim 8, wherein the selfing is performed for at least 2 generations.
10. The breeding method according to claim 8 or 9, wherein the age of the crossed and selfed parents is greater than or equal to 2 years.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110298312.5A CN113068640A (en) | 2021-03-19 | 2021-03-19 | Breeding method of fancy carp strain with red skin and high coverage rate |
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| CN202110298312.5A CN113068640A (en) | 2021-03-19 | 2021-03-19 | Breeding method of fancy carp strain with red skin and high coverage rate |
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20110287050A1 (en) * | 2007-08-28 | 2011-11-24 | Universite de Liege, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine immunology-Vaccinology | Recombinant koi herpesvirus (khv) or cyprinid herpesvirus 3 (cyhv-3) and a vaccine for the prevention of a disease caused by khv/cyhv-3 in cyprinus carpio carpio or cyprinus carpio koi |
| CN109526816A (en) * | 2018-12-18 | 2019-03-29 | 江苏省淡水水产研究所 | A kind of selection of good fortune auspicious carp and fancy carp hybrid new breed |
| CN110338107A (en) * | 2019-06-25 | 2019-10-18 | 安徽红嘉农业科技有限公司 | The method for establishing fancy carp body colour multiplication family |
-
2021
- 2021-03-19 CN CN202110298312.5A patent/CN113068640A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20110287050A1 (en) * | 2007-08-28 | 2011-11-24 | Universite de Liege, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine immunology-Vaccinology | Recombinant koi herpesvirus (khv) or cyprinid herpesvirus 3 (cyhv-3) and a vaccine for the prevention of a disease caused by khv/cyhv-3 in cyprinus carpio carpio or cyprinus carpio koi |
| CN109526816A (en) * | 2018-12-18 | 2019-03-29 | 江苏省淡水水产研究所 | A kind of selection of good fortune auspicious carp and fancy carp hybrid new breed |
| CN110338107A (en) * | 2019-06-25 | 2019-10-18 | 安徽红嘉农业科技有限公司 | The method for establishing fancy carp body colour multiplication family |
Non-Patent Citations (4)
| Title |
|---|
| 林珏等: "锦鲤品种选育与体色选择试验", 《江苏农业科学》 * |
| 汪学杰等: ""优质锦鲤的繁殖和培育技术"", 《水产科技情报》 * |
| 沈勇平等: ""锦鲤的筛选技术"", 《水产养殖》 * |
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Application publication date: 20210706 |