CN113047940B - Pre-combustion chamber using low-concentration gas - Google Patents
Pre-combustion chamber using low-concentration gas Download PDFInfo
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- CN113047940B CN113047940B CN202110362778.7A CN202110362778A CN113047940B CN 113047940 B CN113047940 B CN 113047940B CN 202110362778 A CN202110362778 A CN 202110362778A CN 113047940 B CN113047940 B CN 113047940B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B19/00—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers
- F02B19/10—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers with fuel introduced partly into pre-combustion chamber, and partly into cylinder
- F02B19/1019—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers with fuel introduced partly into pre-combustion chamber, and partly into cylinder with only one pre-combustion chamber
- F02B19/108—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers with fuel introduced partly into pre-combustion chamber, and partly into cylinder with only one pre-combustion chamber with fuel injection at least into pre-combustion chamber, i.e. injector mounted directly in the pre-combustion chamber
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B43/00—Engines characterised by operating on gaseous fuels; Plants including such engines
- F02B43/10—Engines or plants characterised by use of other specific gases, e.g. acetylene, oxyhydrogen
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
- F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
- F02M21/0203—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels characterised by the type of gaseous fuel
- F02M21/0215—Mixtures of gaseous fuels; Natural gas; Biogas; Mine gas; Landfill gas
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
- F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
- F02M21/0218—Details on the gaseous fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
- F02M21/0287—Details on the gaseous fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers characterised by the transition from liquid to gaseous phase ; Injection in liquid phase; Cooling and low temperature storage
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B43/00—Engines characterised by operating on gaseous fuels; Plants including such engines
- F02B43/10—Engines or plants characterised by use of other specific gases, e.g. acetylene, oxyhydrogen
- F02B2043/103—Natural gas, e.g. methane or LNG used as a fuel
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/30—Use of alternative fuels, e.g. biofuels
Abstract
The invention provides a precombustion chamber using low-concentration gas, which comprises a precombustion chamber, a spark plug, an air inlet passage and a one-way control valve, wherein the precombustion chamber is provided with a gas inlet passage and a gas outlet passage; the air inlet passage is communicated with the combustion chamber of the pre-combustion chamber through a one-way control valve, and the spark plug is used for igniting gas inside the combustion chamber of the pre-combustion chamber. By adopting the scheme, the other path of dry and clean natural gas is introduced into the combustion chamber of the precombustion chamber, the ignition environment of the ignition spark plug is greatly improved, and the ignition reliability is greatly improved; the mixed gas with the theoretical air-fuel ratio can be formed in the precombustion chamber and is easy to ignite, the flame sprayed out from the nozzle of the precombustion chamber is equivalent to the improvement of ignition energy, lean combustion in a cylinder can be realized, the combustion heat efficiency is greatly improved, the fuel economy is better, the combustion temperature is lower, and the emission of nitrogen oxides is lower; by the device, lean combustion can be realized, and the utilization concentration of 8.5 percent of gas is further reduced to 5.5 percent.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of engine combustion, in particular to a precombustion chamber utilizing low-concentration gas.
Background
Gas is an important source of serious natural disasters of coal mines. The existence of gas can suffocate people and explode when meeting fire sources, and the gas explosion also easily causes coal dust explosion. More than 70% of serious coal mine disaster accidents in China are gas accidents. The gas is harmful gas and clean energy, and the gas can be drained and comprehensively utilized to turn the harm into the benefit, so that the waste is changed into the valuable. At present, foreign power generation sets have strict limits on gas utilization, and are generally only suitable for high-concentration gas with the concentration of more than 25%, and individual manufacturers are suitable for gas with the concentration of more than 15%; as a plurality of manufacturers make a great deal of research and development work in China in the early years, the method lays a foundation for the utilization of low-concentration gas in a gas engine in China, and the utilization concentration of the gas reaches the level of 8.5 percent. The main component of the gas is methane, and the greenhouse effect of the methane is generally considered to be 24.5 times that of carbon dioxide, so that the pollution of the atmosphere caused by the direct emission of the gas is greatly reduced by utilizing the low-concentration gas.
In the prior art, many engines capable of using low-concentration gas have been developed, but the minimum concentration limit of the developed engines such as a spark plug and a gas engine for the low-concentration gas is about 8.5%, and the low-concentration gas with the concentration limit of 8.5% or less is combusted to generate power or exhausted under the condition that the low-concentration gas cannot be used, so that the utilization efficiency is low, and the environmental pollution is caused.
The main problem of using the gas with lower concentration is difficult ignition, the gas mixture with concentration below 8.5% is difficult to ignite by using a common spark plug, and the gas with lower concentration also contains a large amount of water in the conveying process, so that the ignition is more difficult.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems and provides a pre-combustion chamber utilizing low-concentration gas. Because dry natural gas with high heat value is introduced into the precombustion chamber, the concentration requirement of combustible gas on fire in the precombustion chamber is ensured, and the influence of moisture in the precombustion chamber is effectively prevented. Dry and clean natural gas is introduced into the combustion chamber of the pre-combustion chamber, so that the ignition environment of the ignition spark plug is greatly improved, and the ignition reliability is greatly improved; the mixed gas with the theoretical air-fuel ratio can be formed in the precombustion chamber and is easy to ignite, the flame sprayed out from the nozzle of the precombustion chamber is equivalent to the improvement of ignition energy, lean combustion in a cylinder can be realized, the combustion heat efficiency is greatly improved, the fuel economy is better, the combustion temperature is lower, and the emission of nitrogen oxides is lower; by the device, lean combustion can be realized, and the utilization concentration of 8.5 percent of gas is further reduced to 5.5 percent.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a pre-combustion chamber utilizing low-concentration gas comprises a pre-combustion chamber, a spark plug, an air inlet channel and a one-way control valve;
the air inlet passage is communicated with the combustion chamber of the pre-combustion chamber through a one-way control valve, and the spark plug is used for igniting gas inside the combustion chamber of the pre-combustion chamber.
When the scheme is operated, in order to ignite low-concentration gas in the main combustion chamber, air inlet channels are arranged on a cylinder sleeve and a spark plug jacket, a precombustion chamber air inlet is arranged outside the air inlet channel, high-concentration liquefied natural gas is gasified and adjusted to a certain pressure, then is introduced into the precombustion chamber air inlet and enters the air inlet channel, finally enters the precombustion chamber combustion chamber along the air inlet channel to be mixed with the low-concentration gas in the precombustion chamber combustion chamber, the introduced gasified natural gas is dry pure gas, after the low-concentration gas is mixed, the integral water content is reduced, the concentration is increased, the prior art is that a spark plug directly ignites the gas in the main combustion chamber, the mixed gas in the precombustion chamber combustion chamber can be ignited by the spark plug, after the mixed gas is ignited, a nozzle of the precombustion chamber can spray the flame in the combustion chamber into the main combustion chamber, thereby igniting the low-concentration gas in the main combustion chamber; the scheme is that the mixed gas is ignited firstly, and then the low-concentration gas is combusted, so that the gas with lower concentration can be ignited;
the one-way control valve is arranged in the air inlet channel, when the one-way control valve is in a certain period of an air inlet stroke, air supplied by the pre-combustion chamber with certain pressure overcomes the combined action of the spring and the pressure in the air cylinder, the one-way control valve is opened, and high-concentration natural gas can effectively enter the combustion chamber of the pre-combustion chamber; when the cylinder is in a power stroke, the pressure in the cylinder is extremely high, the one-way control valve can prevent the working medium in the cylinder from being burnt from returning to the pre-combustion chamber gas supply pipe at the moment, and the working safety of the system is ensured.
Further optimizing, still include the precombustion room shower nozzle, it has a plurality of flame injection ports to open on the precombustion room shower nozzle, a plurality of flame injection port is along the precombustion room shower nozzle radial direction evenly distributed.
When this scheme is specifically operated, it has a plurality of flame jet to open on the precombustion chamber shower nozzle, has a plurality of flame jet along precombustion chamber shower nozzle radial direction evenly distributed, and a plurality of flame jet also can be distributed to the axial direction of precombustion chamber shower nozzle, sets up the flame jet of certain angle, diameter and quantity, can evenly spout combustion flame, increases the ignition energy of main combustion chamber.
Further optimization, the device also comprises a shell, a preheating zone and a flue gas pipeline;
the preheating zone is arranged in the shell, and the interior of the shell is communicated with the main combustion chamber;
be equipped with carousel and first pivot in the preheating zone, the carousel rotates through first pivot and the inboard rotation of casing to be connected: the turntable can rotate around the axis of the turntable;
the rotary table is internally provided with a plurality of fan blades, the first rotary shaft and the fan blades are hollow, the fan blades are communicated with the inside of the first rotary shaft, one end of the flue gas pipeline is connected with the main combustion chamber and used for receiving flue gas, the other end of the flue gas pipeline is rotatably connected with the first rotary shaft and communicated with the inside of the first rotary shaft, and the fan blades are provided with a plurality of first through holes;
the region between two adjacent flabellums is the heat transfer district, carousel end is opened has air inlet and gas outlet, the air inlet is used for transmitting gas to the heat transfer district.
When the scheme is operated, a preheating zone is arranged in the shell, the interior of the shell is communicated with the main combustion chamber, a rotary table and a rotary shaft are arranged in the preheating zone, the center of the rotary table is rotatably connected with the inner side of the shell through the rotary shaft, the rotary table can rotate around the axis of the rotary table under the control of an external motor, a plurality of fan blades are arranged in the rotary table, the interior of the fan blades is hollow, the interior of the rotary shaft is also hollow, and a plurality of holes are formed in the part of one end of the rotary shaft inserted into the interior of the rotary table, so that the interiors of the fan blades are all communicated with the interior of the rotary shaft; the high-temperature smoke generated by combustion in the main combustion chamber can enter the first rotating shaft through the smoke pipeline and finally enter each fan blade, the area between every two adjacent fan blades is a heat transfer area, and the fan blades transfer heat to enable the heat transfer area in the rotating disc to generate high temperature; each fan blade is provided with a plurality of first through holes, the end part of the rotary table is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet, wherein low-concentration gas enters the rotary table from the air inlet and is positioned in the heat transfer area, in the process of continuously filling the low-concentration gas into the rotary table, the low-concentration gas passes through the first through holes on the fan blades and passes through the heat transfer areas, and is finally discharged from the air outlet, and the discharged low-concentration gas enters the main combustion chamber for combustion; the heat of the heat transfer areas can improve the temperature of the low-concentration gas through heat transfer again, the low-concentration gas is preheated, and in the continuous rotation process of the rotary disc, the low-concentration gas in the rotary disc can be fully stirred, so that the low-concentration gas can quickly improve the temperature of the rotary disc and is heated uniformly; when this scheme is specifically operated, when preheating low concentration gas, can adopt the flue gas of reserving earlier to preheat.
Further optimize, wherein air inlet and gas outlet are located the carousel both ends respectively, and set up along the same radial direction of carousel, make the inside low concentration gas of carousel under the continuous rotation of carousel, can improve heat transfer time through flabellum and heat transfer area as much as possible.
Further optimization, in order to ensure that the heat conducting performance of the fan blade is good and the heat transfer efficiency is improved, the fan blade is made of super heat conducting materials.
The device is further optimized, and further comprises a first connecting rod, a second connecting rod and an air extraction area, wherein one end of the first connecting rod is hinged with one end part of one side of the rotary table, and the other end of the first connecting rod is hinged with one end of the second connecting rod;
the cylinder body is fixedly connected with the inner side of the shell, the sliding plate is arranged in the cylinder body and is in sliding connection with the inner side of the cylinder body, the sliding plate can slide along the length direction of the cylinder body, a plurality of third through holes are formed in the sliding plate, one end of the cylinder body is open, a second through hole is formed in the other end of the cylinder body, the other end of the second connecting rod sequentially penetrates through the sliding plate and the second through hole, the aperture of the second through hole is larger than the diameter of the second connecting rod, an annular groove is formed in the second connecting rod, the annular sealing plate is sleeved on the annular groove and is in sliding connection with the annular groove, one end of the elastic piece is connected with the annular sealing plate, the other end of the elastic piece is connected with the side wall of the annular groove, and when the second connecting rod moves back and forth, the annular closing plate is used for closing and opening the outer side of the second through hole.
When the scheme is operated, the direct-current channel is further arranged in the shell and is linearly arranged and used for conveying low-concentration gas discharged from the preheating zone to the main combustion chamber, the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod are further arranged, the rotary table, the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod form a crank rocker mechanism, and the second connecting rod can be driven to reciprocate along the length direction of the direct-current channel under the rotation of the rotary table; in order to enable low-concentration gas in the preheating zone to rapidly enter the main combustion chamber, an air suction zone is further arranged in the direct-current channel and comprises a cylinder body, a sliding plate, an annular sealing plate and an elastic piece, the outer side of the cylinder body is fixedly connected with the inner side of the shell, one end of the cylinder body faces the preheating zone, one end of the cylinder body is opened, the sliding plate is slidably connected with the inner side of the cylinder body and can slide along the length direction of the cylinder body, the cylinder body and the sliding plate are made of anti-static materials, a second through hole is formed in the other end of the cylinder body, a second connecting rod penetrates through the middle of the sliding plate and the second through hole, the sliding plate is fixedly connected with the second connecting rod, and the sliding plate is further provided with a plurality of third through holes; be equipped with the annular groove on the second connecting rod, be equipped with the annular shrouding in the annular groove, annular shrouding bottom and annular groove bottom sliding connection, the annular shrouding can be followed second connecting rod length direction and slided, and the annular shrouding is located cylinder body other end direction, still is equipped with a plurality of elastic components in the annular groove, and elastic component one end and annular shrouding are connected, and the annular groove lateral wall is connected to the other end.
When the second connecting rod reciprocates, the low-concentration gas in the preheating zone can be driven to enter the air extraction zone to be transmitted; under the high-speed rotation of the rotary disc, the low-concentration gas can be quickly transmitted into the main combustion chamber to be combusted.
The working principle is as follows: the turntable rotates to drive the second connecting rod to do linear reciprocating motion, when the second connecting rod moves leftwards, the sliding plate is driven to slide leftwards, and the annular sealing plate is driven to move leftwards, because the diameter of the annular sealing plate is larger than that of the second through hole, when the second connecting rod moves leftwards to a certain distance, the annular sealing plate abuts against the second through hole and is sealed, due to the action of the elastic piece, the second connecting rod can continue to move leftwards, because the sliding plate is fixedly connected with the second connecting rod, the sliding plate can continue to move along with the second connecting rod, at the moment, the space in the cylinder body is gradually enlarged, the internal pressure is increased, and because the right end is sealed by the annular sealing plate, low-concentration gas in the preheating area can enter the cylinder body through the third through hole; move the in-process in the right side at the second body of rod, can drive annular shrouding and move right, make the second through-hole opened, move the in-process in the right side at the sliding plate, can extrude the inside low concentration gas of cylinder body to the second through-hole to make low concentration gas can enter into helical blade fast, at the high-speed rotatory in-process of carousel, repeated suction work carries out, with this raise the efficiency.
Further optimization, the structure required by the preheating chamber is made of antistatic materials, so that sparks generated by friction heat generation are avoided, and the sparks are avoided, such as interaction between crank and rocker mechanisms, interaction when the first rotating shaft drives the rotating disc to rotate, sliding of the sliding plate and the like.
Further optimize, flue gas pipeline middle part is equipped with cooling device, the last winding of cooling device has the coil pipe, the coil pipe both ends all communicate with flue gas pipeline, the coil pipe adopts heat transfer material, the bore of coil pipe is less than flue gas pipeline's bore.
When the scheme is operated specifically, the high-temperature flue gas generated in the main combustion chamber has larger work along with the engine, the temperature is higher, when the temperature is overhigh, the flue gas recovery is not facilitated, and the residual temperature is utilized, so the temperature of the high-temperature flue gas needs to be reduced firstly; consequently be equipped with cooling device in flue gas pipeline middle part, wherein the winding has the coil pipe on the cooling device, wherein the coil pipe adopts heat transfer material, the coil pipe both ends all communicate with flue gas pipeline, high temperature flue gas in the main combustion chamber enters into the coil pipe through flue gas pipeline, finally go out from the coil pipe and enter into the preheating zone, because cooling device circular telegram back, the top layer has very low temperature, used the heat transfer, with this temperature that reduces high temperature flue gas, the last temperature of high temperature flue gas is fixed to accessible adjustment cooling device top layer temperature or coil pipe length.
Further optimize, still include valve and smoking device, be equipped with the by-pass pipe on the flue gas pipeline, the valve is located on the by-pass pipe, smoking device connects the by-pass pipe and is used for extracting the flue gas.
When the scheme is operated, the branch pipe is arranged on the flue gas pipeline, high-temperature flue gas conveyed by the flue gas pipeline can be divided into two paths, one path of high-temperature flue gas enters the rotary table, the other path of high-temperature flue gas enters the branch pipe, the branch pipe is also provided with a valve and a smoke suction device, when the valve is closed, the high-temperature flue gas conveyed by the flue gas pipeline can only enter the rotary table, and through preheating for a certain time, when the temperature in the rotary table reaches a preset temperature, the valve is opened, the smoke suction device can suck out the flue gas in the rotary table and the high-temperature flue gas continuously conveyed by the flue gas pipeline, and when the temperature in the rotary table is reduced, the valve is closed again; the smoke absorbing device can also transport smoke in the opposite direction, and the reserved smoke with certain temperature is conveyed to the preheating area in the direction for initial preheating.
Further optimize, still include drying device, second pivot and intake pipe, the inside cavity of second pivot, intake pipe one end and drying device are connected, drying device is used for dry gas, the intake pipe other end and second pivot one end are rotated and are connected, the same axis setting of second pivot one end and carousel, the second pivot other end and air inlet intercommunication.
When this scheme specifically functions, still be equipped with drying device, second pivot and intake pipe, wherein the air inlet of the second pivot other end and carousel is connected, the setting is buckled to the second pivot, avoid the second pivot to influence first connecting rod function, the casing is worn out to the second pivot other end and the intake pipe other end is connected, wherein the same axis setting of second pivot other end and carousel, the second pivot can drive the intake pipe and rotate together when rotating, wherein the inside cavity of second pivot and with the intake pipe intercommunication, serve at the intake pipe and be equipped with drying device, low concentration gas at first enters into drying device, absorb its inside saturated moisture by drying device, obtain dry low concentration gas, then dry low concentration gas loops through intake pipe and second pivot again, it preheats to enter into the carousel is inside, dry low concentration gas can improve the combustion degree.
Further optimize, still include gas-supply pipe and explosion-proof fan, drying device includes shell, disc, first filter screen and second filter screen, the shell intussuseption is filled with solid desiccant, shell one end opening part is located to the disc to rotate with the shell inboard and be connected: the disc can be rotatory around self axis, the disc inboard is equipped with many stirring rods, the disc middle part has the fourth through-hole, fourth through-hole department is located to first filter screen, the intake pipe is connected at disc outside middle part, the intake pipe is through first filter screen and the inside intercommunication of shell, the shell other end is equipped with the fifth through-hole, fifth through-hole department is located to the second filter screen, the shell other end is connected to the gas-supply pipe, the gas-supply pipe passes through the inside intercommunication of second filter screen and shell, still be equipped with explosion-proof fan on the gas-supply pipe, explosion-proof fan is used for to gas-supply pipe carrier gas.
When the scheme is operated, the drying device comprises a shell, a disc, a first filter screen and a second filter screen, wherein one end of the shell is opened, the disc is arranged at the opening at one end of the shell, the periphery of the disc is rotationally connected with the inner side of the shell, four through holes are formed in the central position of the disc, an air inlet pipe is connected with the middle part of the disc and is communicated with the inner part of the shell through the fourth through hole, the disc can rotate around the axis of the disc under the rotation driving of the air inlet pipe, a plurality of stirring rods are further arranged on the inner side of the disc, and when the disc rotates, a solid desiccant in the shell can be stirred, so that the solid desiccant can fully absorb saturated moisture in low-concentration gas, and the absorption efficiency is improved; the other end of the shell is also provided with a fifth through hole, the gas conveying pipe is connected with the other end of the shell and is communicated with the inside of the shell through the fifth through hole, the gas conveying pipe is also provided with an explosion-proof fan, the explosion-proof fan can blow gas in the gas conveying pipe into the shell, saturated water is absorbed under the action of the solid desiccant, and the saturated water enters the gas inlet pipe through the fourth through hole, wherein the fourth through hole is provided with a first filter screen, the fifth through hole is provided with a second filter screen, the solid desiccant in the shell can be prevented from leaking, and the solid desiccant is preferably a molecular sieve.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
this scheme provides an utilize prechamber of low concentration gas, this scheme of adoption, use liquefied natural gas all the way alone, liquefied natural gas lets in the inlet channel of prechamber after gasification and adjustment to certain pressure, spout into the prechamber combustion chamber through the one-way control valve, form high concentration gas mixture with the low concentration gas mixture of impressing in the prechamber combustion chamber, this gas mixture is through spark plug ignition burning again, the prechamber flame passes through the prechamber spout and jets to main combustion chamber, light the burning to the low concentration gas in the main combustion chamber. Because the dry natural gas with high heat value is introduced into the precombustion chamber, the concentration requirement of the combustible gas on fire in the precombustion chamber is ensured, and the influence of the moisture in the precombustion chamber is effectively prevented;
the low-concentration gas can be fully preheated, so that the gas with lower concentration can be combusted, the minimum concentration limit of the combusted low-concentration gas can reach about 5.5%, the utilization efficiency is improved, meanwhile, the combustion reliability of the engine is greatly improved, and the stable operation of the engine is ensured.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a partial schematic view of a precombustor utilizing low-concentration gas according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a precombustor using low-concentration gas according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a rotary disk-precombustor using low-concentration gas according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a precombustor-extraction zone using a low-concentration gas according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a side cross-sectional view of a precombustor utilizing low-concentration gas in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a pre-chamber-drying apparatus using low-concentration gas according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a front view of a prechamber-disk of the present invention utilizing low gas concentrations.
The reference numbers in the figures are: 1-main combustion chamber, 2-housing, 201-straight flow channel, 3-preheating zone, 31-rotary table, 311-fan blades, 312-heat transfer zone, 313-air inlet, 314-air outlet, 315-first through hole, 32-first rotary shaft, 4-flue gas pipe, 5-precombustion chamber, 6-spark plug, 7-first connecting rod, 8-second connecting rod, 81-annular groove, 9-precombustion chamber air inlet, 10-air extraction zone, 101-cylinder, 102-sliding plate, 103-annular closing plate, 104-elastic member, 105-second through hole, 106-third through hole, 11-exhaust pipe, 12-valve, 13-second rotary shaft, 14-air inlet pipe, 15-drying device, 151-housing, 152-disc, 153-stirring rod, 154-solid desiccant, 155-first filter screen, 156-second filter screen, 16-gas pipe, 17-explosion-proof fan, 18-smoking device, 19-air inlet channel, 20-one-way control valve, 21-prechamber nozzle, 22-flame jet orifice, 23-cylinder cover, 24-spark plug sheath.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples.
Example (b): as shown in fig. 1 to 7, a prechamber using low-concentration gas comprises a prechamber combustion chamber 5 and a spark plug, and further comprises an intake passage 19 and a check valve 20;
said intake passage 19 communicates with prechamber combustion chamber 5 via a one-way control valve 20, said spark plug being adapted to ignite the gases inside prechamber combustion chamber 5.
In this embodiment, in order to ignite the low-concentration gas in the main combustion chamber 1, the cylinder liner and the spark plug sheath 24 are both provided with an air inlet channel 19, the exterior of the air inlet channel 19 is provided with a prechamber air inlet 9, the high-concentration liquefied natural gas is gasified and adjusted to a certain pressure, then introduced into the prechamber air inlet 9, and then enters the air inlet channel 19, and finally enters the prechamber combustion chamber 5 along the air inlet channel 19 to be mixed with the low-concentration gas in the prechamber combustion chamber 5, and the introduced gasified natural gas is dry and pure gas, after the low-concentration gas is mixed, the whole water content is reduced, and the concentration is increased, in the prior art, the spark plug directly ignites the gas in the main combustion chamber 1, while the scheme can ignite the mixed gas in the prechamber combustion chamber 5 first through the spark plug, after ignition, the prechamber nozzle 21 can spray the flame in the prechamber combustion chamber 5 into the main combustion chamber 1, thereby igniting the low-concentration gas in the main combustion chamber 1; the scheme is that the mixed gas is ignited firstly, and then the low-concentration gas is combusted, so that the gas with lower concentration can be ignited;
a one-way control valve 20 is further arranged in the air inlet channel 19, when the one-way control valve 20 is in a certain period of an air inlet stroke, the air supply of the precombustion chamber with certain pressure overcomes the combined action of a spring and the pressure in the air cylinder, the one-way control valve 20 is opened, and high-concentration natural gas can effectively enter the precombustion chamber 5; when the cylinder is in a power stroke, the pressure in the cylinder is extremely high, the one-way control valve 20 can prevent the burnt working medium in the cylinder from returning to the pre-combustion chamber gas supply pipe at the moment, and the working safety of the system is ensured.
In this embodiment, the prechamber nozzle 21 is provided with a plurality of flame injection ports 22, the plurality of flame injection ports 22 are uniformly distributed along the radial direction of the prechamber nozzle 21, the plurality of flame injection ports 22 can also be distributed along the axial direction of the prechamber nozzle 21, and the flame injection ports 22 with a certain angle, diameter and number are arranged, so that the combustion flame can be uniformly sprayed out, and the ignition energy of the main combustion chamber 1 can be increased.
In this embodiment, a preheating zone 3 is provided inside a housing 2, and the interior of the housing 2 is communicated with a main combustion chamber 1, wherein a turntable 31 and a rotating shaft are provided in the preheating zone 3, the center of the turntable 31 is rotatably connected with the inner side of the housing 2 through the rotating shaft, the turntable 31 can rotate around its own axis under the control of an external motor, a plurality of fan blades 311 are provided inside the turntable 31, the plurality of fan blades 311 are hollow inside, the rotating shaft is also hollow inside, a plurality of holes are provided on a portion of one end of the rotating shaft inserted into the turntable 31, so that the interiors of the plurality of fan blades 311 are all communicated with the interior of the rotating shaft; the gas-liquid separation device is further provided with a flue gas pipeline 4, one end of the flue gas pipeline 4 is connected with the main combustion chamber 1, the other end of the flue gas pipeline is connected with the first rotating shaft 32 through a rolling bearing and is communicated with the inside of the first rotating shaft 32, the rolling bearing is preferably arranged on the side surface of the shell 2, a sealing ring is further arranged at the connecting position of the rolling bearing and the side surface of the shell 2 and is used for preventing gas leakage, the flue gas pipeline 4 cannot be driven when the first rotating shaft 32 rotates, high-temperature flue gas generated by combustion in the main combustion chamber 1 can enter the first rotating shaft 32 through the flue gas pipeline 4 and is finally introduced into each fan blade 311, the area between every two adjacent fan blades 311 is a heat transfer area 312, and the fan blades 311 transfer heat to enable the heat transfer area 312 in the rotating disc 31 to generate high temperature; each fan blade 311 is provided with a plurality of first through holes 315, the end of the rotating disc 31 is provided with an air inlet 313 and an air outlet 314, wherein low-concentration gas enters the rotating disc 31 from the air inlet 313 and is positioned in the heat transfer area 312, in the process of continuously filling the low-concentration gas into the rotating disc 31, the low-concentration gas passes through the first through holes 315 on the fan blades 311 and passes through the heat transfer areas 312, and is finally discharged from the air outlet 314, and the discharged low-concentration gas enters the main combustion chamber 1 for combustion; the heat of the heat transfer areas 312 can increase the temperature of the low-concentration gas through heat transfer again to preheat the low-concentration gas, and the low-concentration gas in the rotary plate 31 can be fully stirred in the continuous rotation process of the rotary plate 31, so that the low-concentration gas can quickly increase the temperature of the low-concentration gas and is uniformly heated; when this scheme is specifically operated, when preheating low concentration gas, can adopt the flue gas of reserving earlier to preheat.
In this embodiment, the air inlet 313 and the air outlet 314 are respectively disposed at two ends of the rotating disc 31 and are disposed along the same radial direction of the rotating disc 31, so that the low-concentration gas inside the rotating disc 31 can pass through the fan blades 311 and the heat transfer area 312 as many as possible under the continuous rotation of the rotating disc 31, thereby increasing the heat transfer time.
In this embodiment, in order to improve the heat conductivity of the fan blade 311 and improve the heat transfer efficiency, the fan blade 311 is made of a super heat conductive material.
In this embodiment, a direct current channel 201 is further disposed in the housing 2, the direct current channel 201 is linearly disposed and is used for conveying the low-concentration gas discharged from the preheating zone 3 to the main combustion chamber 1, and a first connecting rod 7 and a second connecting rod 8 are further disposed, wherein the rotary table 31, the first connecting rod 7 and the second connecting rod 8 form a crank rocker mechanism, and the second connecting rod 8 can be driven to reciprocate along the length direction of the direct current channel 201 under the rotation of the rotary table 31; in order to make the low-concentration gas in the preheating zone 3 enter the main combustion chamber 1 quickly, an air extraction zone 10 is further arranged in the straight-flow channel 201, wherein the air extraction zone 10 comprises a cylinder body 101, a sliding plate 102, an annular closing plate 103 and an elastic piece 104, the outer side of the cylinder body 101 and the inner side of the shell 2 are fixedly connected, one end of the cylinder body 101 faces the preheating zone 3, one end of the cylinder body 101 is open, the sliding plate 102 and the inner side of the cylinder body 101 are connected in a sliding mode and can slide along the length direction of the cylinder body 101, the cylinder body 101 and the sliding plate 102 are both made of antistatic materials, a second through hole 105 is formed in the other end of the cylinder body 101, a second connecting rod 8 penetrates through the middle of the sliding plate 102 and the second through hole 105, the sliding plate 102 and the second connecting rod 8 are fixedly connected, and the sliding plate 102 is further provided with a plurality of third through holes 106; be equipped with annular groove 81 on second connecting rod 8, be equipped with annular shrouding 103 in annular groove 81, annular shrouding 103 bottom and annular groove 81 bottom sliding connection, annular shrouding 103 can slide along 8 length direction on the second connecting rod, and annular shrouding 103 is located cylinder body 101 other end direction, still is equipped with a plurality of elastic components 104 in annular groove 81, and elastic component 104 one end and annular shrouding 103 are connected, and the annular groove 81 lateral wall is connected to the other end.
When the second connecting rod 8 reciprocates, the low-concentration gas in the preheating zone 3 can be driven to enter the air extraction zone 10 to be transmitted; under the high-speed rotation of the rotary disc 31, the low-concentration gas can be rapidly transmitted into the main combustion chamber 1 for combustion.
The working principle is as follows: the rotating disc 31 rotates to drive the second connecting rod 8 to do linear reciprocating motion, when the second connecting rod 8 moves leftwards, the sliding plate 102 is driven to slide leftwards, and the annular sealing plate 103 is driven to move leftwards, because the diameter of the annular sealing plate 103 is larger than that of the second through hole 105, when the second connecting rod 8 moves leftwards to a certain distance, the annular sealing plate 103 abuts against the second through hole 105 and is sealed, due to the action of the elastic piece 104, the second connecting rod 8 can continuously move leftwards, because the sliding plate 102 is fixedly connected with the second connecting rod 8, the sliding plate 102 can continuously move along with the second connecting rod 8, at the moment, the space inside the cylinder body 101 is gradually enlarged, the internal pressure is increased, and because the right end is sealed by the annular sealing plate 103, low-concentration gas in the preheating area 3 can enter the cylinder body 101 through the third through hole 106; in the process that the second rod body moves rightwards, the annular sealing plate 103 is driven to move rightwards, so that the second through hole 105 is opened, in the process that the sliding plate 102 moves rightwards, low-concentration gas in the cylinder body 101 is extruded out of the second through hole 105, the low-concentration gas can rapidly enter the spiral blade, in the process that the rotary disc 31 rotates at a high speed, the pumping work is repeatedly carried out, and therefore the efficiency is improved.
In this embodiment, the structure of the preheating chamber is made of antistatic material, so as to avoid the generation of sparks due to heat generated by friction, such as the interaction between the crank and rocker mechanisms, the interaction when the first rotating shaft 32 drives the rotating disc 31 to rotate, the sliding plate 102 sliding, and the like.
In this embodiment, since the high-temperature flue gas generated in the main combustion chamber 1 has a higher temperature as the work of the engine is larger, when the temperature is too high, the flue gas recovery is not facilitated, and the waste heat is utilized, the temperature of the high-temperature flue gas needs to be reduced first; consequently be equipped with cooling device 42 in flue gas pipeline 4 middle part, wherein the winding has coil pipe 41 on cooling device 42, wherein coil pipe 41 adopts heat transfer material, coil pipe 41 both ends all communicate with flue gas pipeline 4, high temperature flue gas in the main combustion chamber 1 enters into coil pipe 41 through flue gas pipeline 4, finally go out from coil pipe 41 and enter into preheating zone 3, because cooling device 42 circular telegram back, the top layer has very low temperature, used the heat transfer, with this temperature that reduces high temperature flue gas, the last temperature of high temperature flue gas is fixed to accessible adjustment cooling device 42 top layer temperature or coil pipe 41 length.
In this embodiment, a branch pipe is arranged on the flue gas pipeline 4, the high-temperature flue gas conveyed by the flue gas pipeline 4 can be divided into two paths, one path enters the turntable 31, the other path enters the branch pipe, the branch pipe is also provided with a valve 12 and a smoking device 18, when the valve 12 is closed, the high-temperature flue gas conveyed by the flue gas pipeline 4 can only enter the turntable 31, and through preheating for a certain time, when the temperature in the turntable 31 reaches a preset temperature, the valve 12 is opened, and the smoking device 18 is opened, so that the smoking device 18 can suck out the flue gas in the turntable 31 and the high-temperature flue gas continuously conveyed by the flue gas pipeline 4, and when the temperature in the turntable 31 is reduced, the valve 12 is closed again; wherein the smoking device 18 is also capable of conveying the smoke in the opposite direction, conveying the reserved smoke at a certain temperature to the preheating zone 3 for initial preheating.
In this embodiment, a drying device 15, a second rotating shaft 13 and an air inlet pipe 14 are further provided, wherein the other end of the second rotating shaft 13 is connected with an air inlet 313 of the rotating disc 31, the second rotating shaft 13 is bent to prevent the second rotating shaft 13 from affecting the operation of the first connecting rod 7, the other end of the second rotating shaft 13 penetrates through the shell 2 and is connected with the other end of the air inlet pipe 14, the other end of the second rotating shaft 13 and the rotating disc 31 are arranged on the same axis, the air inlet pipe 14 is driven to rotate together when the second rotating shaft 13 rotates, wherein the second rotating shaft 13 is hollow and is communicated with the air inlet pipe 14, the drying device 15 is arranged at one end of the air inlet pipe 14, low-concentration gas firstly enters the drying device 15, the drying device 15 absorbs saturated moisture in the drying device to obtain dry low-concentration gas, and then the dry low-concentration gas sequentially passes through the air inlet pipe 14 and the second rotating shaft 13 and enters the rotating disc 31 for preheating, the dry low-concentration gas can improve the combustion degree.
In this embodiment, the drying device 15 includes a housing 151, a disc 152, a first filter 155 and a second filter 156, one end of the housing 151 is open, the disc 152 is disposed at the opening at one end of the housing 151, the circumferential side of the disc 152 is rotatably connected to the inner side of the housing 151, four through holes are disposed at the center of the disc 152, the air inlet pipe 14 is connected to the middle of the disc 152 and is communicated with the inside of the housing 151 through the fourth through hole, the disc 152 can rotate around its axis under the rotation of the air inlet pipe 14, and a plurality of stirring rods 153 are disposed on the inner side of the disc 152, so that the solid desiccant 154 in the housing 151 can be stirred when the disc 152 rotates, so that the solid desiccant 154 can fully absorb the saturated moisture in the low-concentration gas, thereby improving the absorption efficiency; the other end of the shell 151 is also provided with a fifth through hole, the gas pipe 16 is connected with the other end of the shell 151 and is communicated with the inside of the shell 151 through the fifth through hole, the gas pipe 16 is also provided with an explosion-proof fan 17, the explosion-proof fan 17 can blow gas in the gas pipe 16 into the shell 151, the gas absorbs saturated moisture under the action of the solid desiccant 154 and then enters the gas inlet pipe 14 through the fourth through hole, the fourth through hole is provided with a first filter screen 155, the fifth through hole is provided with a second filter screen 156, the solid desiccant 154 in the shell 151 can be prevented from leaking, and the solid desiccant 154 is preferably a molecular sieve.
The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A prechamber using low-concentration gas, comprising a prechamber combustion chamber (5) and a spark plug (6), characterized by comprising an intake passage (19) and a one-way control valve (20);
the air inlet passage (19) is communicated with the pre-combustion chamber (5) through a one-way control valve (20), and the spark plug (6) is used for igniting gas in the pre-combustion chamber (5);
the device also comprises a shell (2), a preheating zone (3) and a flue gas pipeline (4);
the preheating zone (3) is arranged in the shell (2), and the interior of the shell (2) is communicated with the main combustion chamber (1);
a rotary disc (31) and a first rotating shaft (32) are arranged in the preheating zone (3), the rotary disc (31) is rotatably connected with the inner side of the shell (2) through the first rotating shaft (32): the rotary disc (31) can rotate around the axis thereof;
a plurality of fan blades (311) are arranged in the rotary disc (31), the first rotary shaft (32) and the plurality of fan blades (311) are hollow, the plurality of fan blades (311) are communicated with the inside of the first rotary shaft (32), one end of the flue gas pipeline (4) is connected with the main combustion chamber (1) and used for receiving flue gas, the other end of the flue gas pipeline (4) is rotatably connected with the first rotary shaft (32) and communicated with the inside of the first rotary shaft (32), and a plurality of first through holes (315) are formed in the fan blades (311);
the area between two adjacent fan blades (311) is a heat transfer area (312), the end of the rotating disc (31) is provided with a gas inlet (313) and a gas outlet (314), and the gas inlet (313) is used for conveying gas to the heat transfer area (312).
2. A prechamber using low gas concentration as in claim 1, further comprising a prechamber nozzle (21), wherein a plurality of flame injection ports (22) are formed on the prechamber nozzle (21), and the plurality of flame injection ports (22) are uniformly distributed along the radial direction of the prechamber nozzle (21).
3. A pre-chamber for using low-concentration gas as claimed in claim 1, wherein the gas inlet (313) and the gas outlet (314) are separately provided at both ends of the rotary plate (31).
4. A pre-chamber for using low gas concentration according to claim 1, characterized in that the fan blades (311) are made of super heat conductive material.
5. A prechamber using low gas concentration according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises a first connecting rod (7), a second connecting rod (8) and an air extraction area (10), wherein one end of the first connecting rod (7) is hinged to one side end of the rotary plate (31), and the other end of the first connecting rod (7) is hinged to one end of the second connecting rod (8);
the air suction device is characterized in that a direct-current channel (201) is arranged in the shell (2), the air suction area (10) is arranged in the direct-current channel (201), the air suction area (10) comprises a cylinder body (101), a sliding plate (102), an annular sealing plate (103) and an elastic part (104), the cylinder body (101) is fixedly connected with the inner side of the shell (2), the sliding plate (102) is arranged in the cylinder body (101) and is slidably connected with the inner side of the cylinder body (101), the sliding plate (102) can slide along the length direction of the cylinder body (101), the sliding plate (102) is provided with a plurality of third through holes (106), one end of the cylinder body (101) is opened, the other end of the cylinder body (101) is provided with a second through hole (105), the other end of the second connecting rod (8) sequentially penetrates through the sliding plate (102) and the second through hole (105), and the aperture of the second through hole (105) is larger than the diameter of the second connecting rod (8), be equipped with annular groove (81) on second connecting rod (8), annular closing plate (103) cover is located on annular groove (81) to with annular groove (81) sliding connection, annular closing plate (103) are connected to elastic component (104) one end, the lateral wall of annular groove (81) is connected to the elastic component (104) other end, when second connecting rod (8) were made the back and forth movement, annular closing plate (103) are used for closing and open the second through-hole (105) the outside.
6. The prechamber using low-concentration gas as claimed in claim 1, wherein a cooling device (42) is disposed in the middle of the flue gas duct (4), a coil (41) is wound around the cooling device (42), both ends of the coil (41) are communicated with the flue gas duct (4), the coil (41) is made of a heat transfer material, and the diameter of the coil (41) is smaller than that of the flue gas duct (4).
7. A pre-combustion chamber using low-concentration gas as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a valve (12) and a smoking device (18), wherein a branch pipe (11) is disposed on the flue gas pipe (4), the valve (12) is disposed on the branch pipe (11), and the smoking device (18) is connected to the branch pipe (11) for extracting flue gas.
8. A pre-combustion chamber using low-concentration gas as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a drying device (15), a second rotating shaft (13) and an air inlet pipe (14), wherein the second rotating shaft (13) is hollow, one end of the air inlet pipe (14) is connected with the drying device (15), the drying device (15) is used for drying gas, the other end of the air inlet pipe (14) is rotatably connected with one end of the second rotating shaft (13), one end of the second rotating shaft (13) is arranged on the same axis of the rotating disc (31), and the other end of the second rotating shaft (13) is communicated with the air inlet (313).
9. The prechamber using low-concentration gas as claimed in claim 8, further comprising a gas pipe (16) and an anti-explosion fan (17), wherein the drying device (15) comprises a housing (151), a disc (152), a first filter (155) and a second filter (156), the housing (151) is filled with a solid desiccant (154), one end of the housing (151) is open, the disc (152) is disposed at the opening at one end of the housing (151) and is rotatably connected to the inside of the housing (151): disc (152) can be rotatory around self axis, disc (152) inboard is equipped with many stirring stick (153), disc (152) middle part has the fourth through-hole, fourth through-hole department is located in first filter screen (155), intake pipe (14) are connected at disc (152) outside middle part, intake pipe (14) are through first filter screen (155) and the inside intercommunication of shell (151), shell (151) other end is equipped with the fifth through-hole, fifth through-hole department is located in second filter screen (156), shell (151) other end is connected in air-supply pipe (16), air-supply pipe (16) are through the inside intercommunication of second filter screen (156) and shell (151), still be equipped with explosion-proof fan (17) on air-supply pipe (16), explosion-proof fan (17) are used for to air-supply pipe (16) conveying gas.
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Effective date of registration: 20230908 Address after: 620000 No. 7, Section 2, Tengfei Avenue, Shigao Economic Development Zone, Renshou County, Meishan, Sichuan Province Patentee after: Sichuan Huayuan Aerodynamic Power Co.,Ltd. Address before: 553000 scientific research building 8, Shuiyue Industrial Park, yuezhao street, Zhongshan District, Liupanshui City, Guizhou Province Patentee before: Guizhou Huaqi Power Co.,Ltd. |