CN101748230B - High-temperature low-oxygen external combustion stove - Google Patents
High-temperature low-oxygen external combustion stove Download PDFInfo
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- CN101748230B CN101748230B CN2010101014840A CN201010101484A CN101748230B CN 101748230 B CN101748230 B CN 101748230B CN 2010101014840 A CN2010101014840 A CN 2010101014840A CN 201010101484 A CN201010101484 A CN 201010101484A CN 101748230 B CN101748230 B CN 101748230B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a high-temperature low-oxygen external combustion stove, belonging to the technical field of hot-blast stoves. The high-temperature low-oxygen external combustion stove comprises a cold air inlet, a grate, a supporting column, checker bricks, a heat accumulation chamber, a stove lining, a stove shell, a high-temperature low-oxygen combustor, a combustion chamber, an arch crown, a hot air outlet and a smoke outlet, wherein the combustion chamber and the heat accumulation chamber of the external combustion stove are respectively positioned in two independent cylindrical shells; the combustion chamber is connected with the heat accumulation chamber through a cylindrical channel in the space of the arch crown; the high-temperature low-oxygen combustor for fractional combustion is arranged at the bottom of the combustion chamber; the high-temperature low-oxygen combustor comprises two groups of gas inlets, loops and spouts, two groups of air inlets, loops and spouts, and an air and gas precombustion chamber; and combustion-supporting air of which the temperature is higher than 800 DEG C entrains combustion products through fractional combustion and high-temperature air flow in the high-temperature low-oxygen combustor to dilute the oxygen-containing volume concentration of a reaction zone. The invention is suitable for hot-blast stoves used for blast furnace ironmaking and smelting reduction ironmaking in ironmaking industries or other industrial technical fields in which the gaseous medium needs to be heated to the temperature higher than 1000 DEG C.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the hotblast stove technical field, high-temperature low-oxygen external combustion stove is provided, be applicable to blast furnace ironmaking and the used hotblast stove of fused reduction iron-smelting in the Iron industry.Also can be used for other need be heated to gaseous medium in the industrial technology field more than 1000 ℃.
Background technology
In blast furnace iron-making process, adopt existing nearly two one-hundred-year histories of hotblast stove heating air blast, initial heating back wind-warm syndrome has only 149 ℃.Along with continuous advancement in technology, the highest wind-warm syndrome has reached 1300 ℃ at present.Improve wind-warm syndrome, can significantly reduce coke ratio, practice thrift coke, improve furnace processor, also can make full use of low-calorie blast furnace gas, improve efficiency of energy utilization, reduce coal gas diffusion, save energy, protection environment.
Modern blast furnace generally adopts regenerative hot blast stove heating air blast.Hotblast stove is made up of regenerator and combustion chamber two portions.Work period comprises burning phase and on air.In the burning phase, the high-temperature flue gas heating regenerator lattice brick that utilizes gas-fired to produce makes checker brick deposit heat, changes stove then extremely on air.On air then utilize checker brick that cold wind is heated, deliver to blast furnace through hot air duct again and use.For satisfying continuity and the safety that blast furnace is produced, 3～4 hotblast stoves of blast furnace one general configuration.
Hotblast stove is divided into three kinds of external combustion types, external combustion type, top ignition by structural shape.
The outside combustion stove development time is longer, and combustion chamber and regenerator be with placing in the cylindrical furnace shell, and a side everywhere.Through updating, present modified version outside combustion stove has overcome traditional outside combustion stove vault refractory brick breakage to a certain extent, has fallen shortcomings such as brick, partition wall inclination, cracking, short circuit, checker brick entanglement, obstruction.But fail to tackle the problem at its root, limiting factor is more, and wherein stability of structure is most important, generally is used for 3200m
3Following blast furnace.
Outside combustion stove is developed by outside combustion stove, and principle of work is identical with outside combustion stove, is that combustion chamber and regenerator are in two respectively independently in the cylindrical housings, and the top of combustion chamber and regenerator links up in a certain way.External combustion type and external combustion type structure compared more become rationally, help overheavy firing, improve wind-warm syndrome, and shortcoming is a complex structure, and floor space is big, and steel and refractory consumption rate are many, and construction investment is high.
The characteristics of top combustion stove are to utilize the vault space of hotblast stove as the combustion chamber, have cancelled sidepiece or outside independent combustion chamber.1978, No. 2 blast furnaces of Shoudu Iron and Steel Co took the lead in having adopted top combustion stove, and this is first large-scale top combustion stove in the world.This hotblast stove has symmetrical configuration, and temperature range distributes rationally, take up an area of little, advantages such as less investment.But traditional top combustion stove receives that the combustion space is less to be influenced, and is easy to cause localized hyperthermia, and it is violent that chamber temperature is changed, and huge thermal stresses can cause damage to vault and furnace lining.
Along with the technical development of Iron industry, improve the important technology characteristic that wind-warm syndrome has become modern blast furnace.Modern hotblast stove will be realized the high wind-warm syndrome more than 1250 ℃, and the life-span was greater than 30 years, will reduce CO simultaneously
2, NO
XDeng the discharging of pollutent, save energy realizes long-service life high-efficiency.
The hotblast stove of existing three kinds of structural shapes is conventional hotblast stove, no matter adopts the burner of which kind of structural shape, and its combustion principle and characteristic do not have essential distinction.Along with the raising of dome temperature, NO
XGeneration will sharply accelerate, cause a series of problems such as furnace shell intergranular stress corrosion, contaminate environment.Therefore the existing conventional hotblast stove generally is controlled at dome temperature below 1420 ℃, thereby has limited the further raising of wind-warm syndrome.Therefore design and develop out the conventional Combustion of Hot Air Furnace process of a kind of change, further improve wind-warm syndrome, reduce CO
2, NO
XThe high-temperature low-oxygen long-service life high-efficiency hotblast stove of discharging has become the certainty that overcomes above-mentioned technological deficiency.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of outside combustion stove that adopts high-temperature and low-oxygen combustion; Overcome the defective of prior art, changed the combustion processes of traditional hot wind furnace, adopted high temperature air low oxygen combustion technology, low combustion value furnace gas capable of using acts as a fuel and significantly improves wind-warm syndrome, reduces NO significantly
XForm and discharging.
The present invention includes cold air inlet, fire grate and pillar, checker brick, regenerator, furnace lining, furnace shell, high-temperature low-oxygen burner, combustion chamber, vault, hot-blast outlet, exhanst gas outlet; High-temperature low-oxygen burner places the bottom of Combustion of Hot Air Furnace chamber; Combustion chamber and regenerator are in two respectively independently in the cylindrical housings; The combustion chamber is connected by vault spatial cylindrical channel with regenerator, and the fractional combustion high-temperature low-oxygen burner has been arranged in the bottom of combustion chamber, and (concrete preheating method can adopt preheating units such as preheating oven or high temperature heat-exchange system with being preheating to combustion air more than 800 ℃; Preheating method does not belong to content of the present invention); Through fractional combustion in the high-temperature low-oxygen burner and high temperature gas flow products of combustion is entrainmented, the diluting reaction district contains the oxysome volume concentrations, realizes and the diverse high-temperature and low-oxygen combustion of traditional combustion process.
High-temperature low-oxygen burner of the present invention is made up of space gas settling chamber, two groups of gas entries, circuit, spout and two groups of gas inlets, circuit, spouts; Be followed successively by from top to bottom: coal gas, air, air, coal gas; Every group of inlet, circuit and spout comprise 1～20 layer; The space gas settling chamber is a cylindrical space, is built by laying bricks or stones by refractory materials to form.
Combustion chamber of the present invention be shaped as circle, apple shape, ellipse or eyes shape space; Vault be shaped as circle, ellipse, parabola shaped or stretched wire Linear Space.
The quantity of every layer of coal gas, air jet is 4～40; Horizontal direction; The horizontal radial medullary ray of each layer gas port, air jet and the angle of combustion chamber radial centre lines are-90 °～+ 90 °, and the flow direction that can control coal gas, air so in the horizontal direction is clockwise or counter clockwise direction and tangent line circle size; Vertical direction, the vertical medullary ray of each layer coal gas, air jet and the angle of combustion chamber longitudinal center line are-90 °～+ 90 °, to control coal gas, air flow direction up or down; Each coal gas, air jet size, spacing are graded profile or symmetrical distribution according to the quantity and the position of coal gas, gas inlet pipe.
High-temperature low-oxygen external combustion stove of the present invention is characterized in that, has arranged two groups of gas entries, circuit, spout and two groups of gas inlets, circuit, spout in the high-temperature low-oxygen burner; Every group comprises 1～20 layer of spout; The air of the coal gas of first group of gas port ejection and first group of air jet ejection mixes afterfire in the bottom, combustion chamber, forms high-temperature flue gas and flows to top, combustion chamber, mixes, entrainments at the burner middle part with the high temperature air of second group of air jet ejection; Formation contains the oxysome volume concentrations and is lower than 15%; The high-temperature low-oxygen atmosphere of temperature more than 800 ℃ is accomplished burning, i.e. high-temperature and low-oxygen combustion for the second time with second group of gas port of topmost afterwards; Combustion processes no longer exists the localized hyperthermia's high-nitrogen area that occurs in the traditional combustion process, NO
XGeneration be suppressed.The burned flame volume increases under the hypoxia simultaneously, the high temperature severe radiation black matrix that formation temperature is evenly distributed in whole combustion chamber, and heat transfer efficiency significantly improves, NO in the flue gas
XGrowing amount reduces 30%, also can practice thrift 25% fuel consumption, the corresponding CO that reduces
2Discharging.
The ultimate principle of the HTAC that the present invention adopts is that coal gas is burnt in high-temperature low-oxygen volumetric concentration atmosphere.The present invention comprises two basic fundamental measures: one is to adopt the combustion air preheated in high temperature technology, and combustion air temperature is preheating to more than 800 ℃.Another is to take coal gas fractional combustion and high velocity air to entrainment hotblast stove stove internal combustion product, and the diluting reaction district contains the oxysome volume concentrations, obtains the hypoxic atmosphere that oxygen concn is lower than 15% (volume).Coal gas forms and the diverse thermodynamic condition of traditional combustion process in this high-temperature low-oxygen atmosphere, doing to delay to disengage heat energy under the shape burning with low-oxygen gas, no longer has the localized hyperthermia hyperoxia district that occurs in the traditional combustion process.
Hotblast stove high-temperature and low-oxygen combustion mode makes whole rising of combustion chamber temperature and more even distribution on the one hand, and gas consumption is significantly reduced.Reduce gas consumption and also just mean the corresponding CO that reduced
2The isothermal chamber gas purging.Effectively suppressed thermal NO (NO on the other hand
X) generation.Oxynitride (NO
X) be one of important source of causing topsoil, each industrial enterprise is all managing to reduce NO
XDischarging.NO
XMainly contain heating power type and fuel type, hotblast stove mainly adopts geseous fuel, and wherein nitrogenous compound is few, so fuel type NO
XGenerate few.By heating power type NO
XFormation speed mainly with combustion processes in the concentration of peak flame temperature and nitrogen, oxygen relevant, wherein temperature is to influence heating power type NO
XPrincipal element.Under the high-temperature air burning condition,, but there is not the localized hyperthermia district of traditional combustion because medial temperature raises in the hotblast stove; The furnace high-temperature flue gas mixes with the combustion air eddy flow simultaneously, has reduced the concentration of nitrogen, oxygen in the atmosphere; In addition, gas velocity is big, and combustionvelocity is fast, so NO
XEmission concentration reduces significantly.
Research and analyse confirmation through the numerical simulation analog calculation, high temperature low oxygen hot blast furnace has formed homogeneous temp field, concentration field, flow field and pressure field in whole combustion chamber.Flame Temperature Distribution is even, is about 20 ℃ in top of combustion chamber horizontal direction temperature head, the NO that when 1420 ℃ of dome temperatures, generates in the flue gas
XBe merely 30% of traditional combustion process.High-temperature flue gas gets into regenerator lattice brick uniformly, and checker brick are utilized by efficient, helps improving checker brick thermo-efficiency and prolongs the checker brick life-span.This high-temperature and low-oxygen combustion mode has also avoided the local combustion supporting air concentration too high, produces localized hyperthermia's phenomenon, thereby has effectively reduced NO
XGeneration etc. objectionable impurities.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the basic block diagram of high-temperature low-oxygen external combustion stove, wherein, and cold air inlet 1; Fire grate and pillar 2; Exhanst gas outlet 3; Checker brick and regenerator 4; Furnace lining 5; Furnace shell 6; Combustion chamber 7; Hot-blast outlet 8; High-temperature low-oxygen burner 9; Second group of gas port 10; Second group of coal gas circuit 11; Second group of gas entry 12; Second group of air jet 13; Second group of air circuit 14; Second group of gas inlet 15; First group of air jet 16; First group of air circuit 17; First group of gas inlet 18; First group of gas port 19; First group of coal gas circuit 20; First group of gas entry 21.
Fig. 2 is the vertical view in the A-A cross section among Fig. 1, wherein, and furnace lining 5; Furnace shell 6; Second group of gas port 10; Second group of coal gas circuit 11; Second group of gas entry 12.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 is a kind of embodiment of the present invention.Shown in the structure iron of the embodiment of the invention of Fig. 1, high-temperature low-oxygen external combustion stove by cold air inlet 1, fire grate and pillar 2, exhanst gas outlet 3, checker brick and regenerator 4, furnace lining 5, furnace shell 6, combustion chamber 7, hot-blast outlet 8,, high-temperature low-oxygen burner 9 forms.Wherein high-temperature low-oxygen burner 9 is made up of second layer gas port 10, second layer coal gas circuit 11, second layer gas entry 12, second layer air jet 13, second layer air circuit 14, second layer gas inlet 15, the first layer air jet 16, the first layer air circuit 17, the first layer gas inlet 18, the first layer gas port 19, the first layer coal gas circuit 20, the first layer gas entry 21.
Can be known that by Fig. 1 high-temperature low-oxygen external combustion stove of the present invention combustion chamber and regenerator are in two respectively independently in the cylindrical housings, two portions are connected by vault spatial cylindrical channel.Vault construction is circular; High-temperature low-oxygen burner 9 places the bottom of Combustion of Hot Air Furnace chamber.Hot-blast outlet 8 is located at the middle part of combustion chamber 7; The outside of combustion chamber 7 is cylindrical regenerator 4, and regenerator 4 is built by laying bricks or stones by checker brick and formed; Checker brick are supported on fire grate and the pillar 2.
The first layer gas entry 21, second layer gas entry 12 are connected with the gas line of outside respectively; Coal gas is introduced the first layer coal gas circuit 20 establish 10 the first layer gas ports 19 with second layer coal gas circuit 11, the first layer coal gas circuit 20 at circumferential direction, second layer coal gas circuit 11 is established 10 second layer gas ports 10 at circumferential direction.Horizontal direction; The angle of the horizontal radial spout medullary ray of the first layer gas port 19 and second layer gas port 10 and the radial centre lines of high-temperature low-oxygen burner 10 is 0 °, can control the flow direction (irrotational flow) and the tangent line circle size of coal gas so in the horizontal direction; Vertical direction; The angle of the vertical spout medullary ray of the first layer gas port 19 and the longitudinal center line of high-temperature low-oxygen burner 10 is 25 °; The flow direction of control coal gas upwards; The angle of the vertical spout medullary ray of second layer gas port 10 and the longitudinal center line of high-temperature low-oxygen burner 10 is-25 °, and the flow direction of control coal gas is downward.
The first layer gas inlet 18, second layer gas inlet 15 respectively with the air outside pipe connection; Air is introduced the first layer air circuit 17 establish 10 the first layer air jets 16 with second layer air circuit 14, the first layer air circuit 17 at circumferential direction, second layer air circuit 14 is established 10 second layer air jets 13 at circumferential direction.Horizontal direction; The horizontal radial spout medullary ray of the first layer air jet 16 and second layer air jet 13 is 0 ° with the angle of the radial centre lines of high-temperature low-oxygen burner 10, and flow direction (irrotational flow) and tangent line that so in the horizontal direction can control air be justified big or small; Vertical direction, the angle of the vertical spout medullary ray of the first layer air jet 16 and second layer air jet 13 and the longitudinal center line of high-temperature low-oxygen burner 10 is-25 °, the flow direction of control air is downward.
The coal gas of the first layer gas port 19 ejections mixes afterfire with the air of the first layer air jet 16 ejections under the condition of eddy flow diffusion; Form high-temperature flue gas to the top of high-temperature low-oxygen burner 9 flow, by in the air of second layer air jet 13 ejections and the combustion chamber 7 after last mobile high-temperature flue gas mixes; Its temperature can reach more than 800 ℃; Oxygen concn is lower than 15%; Form the combustion air of high-temperature low-oxygen, combustion chamber 7 in, upwards burn in the atmosphere of rotating fluid coal gas high-temperature low-oxygen in combustion chamber 7 moving, that sprayed by second layer gas port 10, combustion processes becomes diffusion controlled reaction; No longer there is the localized hyperthermia's high-nitrogen area that occurs in the traditional combustion process, NO
XGeneration be suppressed, it is mobile that burning and the high-temperature flue gas that forms rotate up, the connecting passage through vault gets into regenerator 4, and then the heating checker brick, flue gas enters flue through exhanst gas outlet 3 then.
High-temperature low-oxygen external combustion stove of the present invention is applicable to metallurgy and field of energy-saving technology and since the high-temp combustion process change combustioncharacteristics of traditional hot wind furnace, make sufficient combustion, Flame Temperature Distribution is even, can significantly improve the thermo-efficiency and the work-ing life of checker brick; Can effectively suppress combustion processes NO
XGeneration and discharging; Can use low-heat value gas to realize high wind-warm syndrome fully, and can reduce fuel consumption, save energy reduces CO
2Discharging.
High-temperature low-oxygen external combustion stove of the present invention has multiple embodiments, only is preferred version by the specific embodiment in the description of drawings, is not to be the restriction to protection scope of the present invention.Anyly do not break away from mentality of designing of the present invention, the present invention is done unsubstantiality changes, all still belong to scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. a high-temperature low-oxygen external combustion stove comprises cold air inlet, fire grate and pillar, checker brick, regenerator, furnace lining, furnace shell, high-temperature low-oxygen burner, combustion chamber, vault, hot-blast outlet, exhanst gas outlet; It is characterized in that; Combustion chamber and regenerator are in two respectively independently in the cylindrical housings; The combustion chamber is connected by vault spatial cylindrical channel with regenerator, and high-temperature low-oxygen burner has been arranged in the bottom of combustion chamber, and the combustion air that is preheated to more than 800 ℃ entrainments products of combustion through fractional combustion in the high-temperature low-oxygen burner and high temperature gas flow; The diluting reaction district contains the oxysome volume concentrations, realizes high-temperature and low-oxygen combustion;
Described high-temperature low-oxygen burner is made up of space gas settling chamber, two groups of gas entries, circuit, spout and two groups of gas inlets, circuit, spouts; Order from top to bottom is: coal gas, air, air, coal gas; Every group of inlet, circuit and spout comprise 1～20 layer; The space gas settling chamber is a cylindrical space, is built by laying bricks or stones by refractory materials to form.
2. require described outside combustion stove according to right 1, it is characterized in that, described combustion chamber be shaped as circle or oval space; Vault be shaped as circle, ellipse or parabola shaped space.
3. require described outside combustion stove according to right 1; It is characterized in that arranged two groups of gas entries, circuit, spout and two groups of gas inlets, circuit, spout in the high-temperature low-oxygen burner, every group comprises 1～20 layer of spout; The air of the coal gas of first group of gas port ejection and first group of air jet ejection mixes afterfire in the bottom, combustion chamber; Form high-temperature flue gas and flow to top, combustion chamber, mix, entrainment at the burner middle part with the high temperature air of second group of air jet ejection, formation contains the oxysome volume concentrations and is lower than 15%; The high-temperature low-oxygen atmosphere of temperature more than 800 ℃ is accomplished burning for the second time with second group of gas port of topmost afterwards.
4. require described high-temperature low-oxygen external combustion stove according to right 3, it is characterized in that, the described burning second time is meant high-temperature and low-oxygen combustion.
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| CN2010101014840A CN101748230B (en) | 2010-01-26 | 2010-01-26 | High-temperature low-oxygen external combustion stove |
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| CN2010101014840A CN101748230B (en) | 2010-01-26 | 2010-01-26 | High-temperature low-oxygen external combustion stove |
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| CN101748230B true CN101748230B (en) | 2012-06-27 |
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Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102392091B (en) * | 2011-10-30 | 2013-04-24 | 中国十七冶集团有限公司 | Gas isolation method used during drying of hot-blast stove in iron works |
| CN114459028A (en) * | 2020-10-30 | 2022-05-10 | 芜湖美的厨卫电器制造有限公司 | Combustor and gas equipment |
| CN112901337B (en) * | 2021-04-02 | 2022-03-22 | 贵州华气动力有限责任公司 | High-power low-concentration gas engine and gas supply method thereof |
| CN113047940B (en) * | 2021-04-02 | 2022-03-22 | 贵州华气动力有限责任公司 | Pre-combustion chamber using low-concentration gas |
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| CN201634701U (en) * | 2010-01-26 | 2010-11-17 | 北京首钢国际工程技术有限公司 | High-temperature and low-oxygen external combustion type hot-blast stove |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN201634701U (en) * | 2010-01-26 | 2010-11-17 | 北京首钢国际工程技术有限公司 | High-temperature and low-oxygen external combustion type hot-blast stove |
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