CN113046629A - Medium carbon composite microalloyed special steel material and heat treatment process - Google Patents
Medium carbon composite microalloyed special steel material and heat treatment process Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/26—Methods of annealing
- C21D1/28—Normalising
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/34—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for tyres; for rims
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/46—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with vanadium
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/48—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with niobium or tantalum
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/50—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with titanium or zirconium
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Abstract
The invention discloses a medium-carbon composite microalloyed special steel material and a heat treatment process method, and relates to the technical field of materials. The material is prepared by adding Nb, V and Ti to common medium carbon alloy steel 40CrNiMoA for composite microalloying. The manufacturing method of the heat treatment process comprises the following steps: in the normalizing stage, the temperature of the box-type resistance furnace is raised to 900-950 ℃, the medium-carbon composite microalloyed special steel material blank is placed into the box-type resistance furnace and is kept warm for t minutes, and then the medium-carbon composite microalloyed special steel material blank is cooled to room temperature in air; in the quenching stage, the temperature of the box-type resistance furnace is raised to 900-930 ℃, the blank of the medium-carbon composite microalloyed special steel material is placed into the box-type resistance furnace and is kept warm for t minutes, and then the blank of the medium-carbon composite microalloyed special steel material is cooled to room temperature by water; and in the tempering stage, heating the box type resistance furnace to 530-570 ℃, then putting the medium-carbon composite microalloyed special steel material blank into the box type resistance furnace, preserving the heat for k hours, and then cooling the medium-carbon composite microalloyed special steel material blank to room temperature by oil.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of materials, in particular to a medium-carbon composite microalloyed special steel material and a heat treatment process method.
Background
The speed reducer is one of three major components of industrial robot core, mainly has RV and two types of harmonic, and wherein the harmonic speed reducer has compact structure, reduction ratio is big, small, light in weight's characteristics, accords with the current development trend of equipping lightweight, miniaturization, so the technical development of harmonic speed reducer is rapid, the user demand is big, the range of application is wide. In recent years, some domestic enterprises invest a large amount of funds and technical force to deal with the design and manufacture of harmonic reducers, and achieve good results. But the quality of the method is still far from the international advanced level, and particularly, the method has great progress space in the aspects of new materials, hot working, heat treatment and the like, and fine cultivation is still needed.
The flexspline is one of three large core parts of the harmonic reducer, is the part with the highest technical barrier, has the thinnest part with the thickness of only 0.5mm, is most prone to failure, and the service life of the flexspline usually determines the service life of the reducer. At present, the flexible gear at home and abroad mainly adopts special steel materials, mainly adopts alloy steels of Cr-Ni-Mo, Cr-Mn series and the like, and the most common material is 40CrNiMoA, such as Japanese SNCM439 steel and American AISI4340 steel. The flexible gear produced in China has larger differences from the imported flexible gear in the aspects of fatigue life, precision retention capacity, rigidity, stability and the like, and cannot meet the increasingly developed requirements of the industry. Therefore, research and development work aiming at localization of the special steel material for the flexible gear and the flexible gear manufacturing process is urgently needed to form an industrial technical system.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a medium-carbon composite microalloyed special steel material and a heat treatment process method, which strengthen the mechanical property of special steel and improve the tensile strength of the special steel.
In order to achieve the above object, a first aspect of the present invention provides a medium carbon composite microalloyed special steel material, including: based on the common medium carbon alloy steel 40CrNiMoA, Nb, V and Ti are added for composite microalloying.
Preferably, the composition consists of the following components in percentage by weight:
preferably, it is applied to a flexspline of a harmonic reducer.
Compared with the prior art, the medium-carbon composite microalloyed special steel material provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the medium carbon composite micro-alloyed special steel material provided by the embodiment is added with Nb, V and Ti for composite micro-alloying on the basis of common medium carbon alloy steel 40 CrNiMoA. These micro-alloy elements exist in the steel in the form of solid solution, cause lattice distortion, and exert a solid solution strengthening effect, and these micro-alloy elements are also dispersed and precipitated in the form of fine compounds, and exert a dispersion strengthening effect. The precipitated second phase pinning grain boundary can inhibit the growth of grains and control the uniformity of the grains, thereby further playing a role of fine grain strengthening. The composite microalloying also increases the temperature for grain coarsening, and prevents grain coarsening during the hot forming process. The heat treatment process method of the medium-carbon composite microalloyed special steel material is applied to the flexible gear of the harmonic reducer, and the flexible gear has higher bearing capacity after being treated by the heat treatment process method of the medium-carbon composite microalloyed special steel material.
The second aspect of the invention provides a heat treatment process method for a medium-carbon composite microalloyed special steel material, which is applied to the medium-carbon composite microalloyed special steel material in the technical scheme, and the method comprises the following steps:
in the normalizing stage, heating the box-type resistance furnace to 900-950 ℃, putting the medium-carbon composite microalloyed special steel material blank into the box-type resistance furnace, preserving the heat for t minutes, and then air-cooling the medium-carbon composite microalloyed special steel material blank to room temperature;
in the quenching stage, the temperature of a box-type resistance furnace is raised to 900-930 ℃, the blank of the medium-carbon composite microalloyed special steel material is placed into the box-type resistance furnace and is kept warm for t minutes, and then the blank of the medium-carbon composite microalloyed special steel material is cooled to room temperature by water;
and in the tempering stage, heating the box type resistance furnace to 530-570 ℃, then putting the medium-carbon composite microalloyed special steel material blank into the box type resistance furnace, preserving the heat for k hours, and then cooling the medium-carbon composite microalloyed special steel material blank to room temperature in oil.
Preferably, t is 4.5D, and D is the thinnest direction millimeter thickness of the harmonic reducer flexspline.
Preferably, k is in a range of 1 to 3 hours.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the heat treatment process method for the medium-carbon composite microalloyed special steel material provided by the invention are the same as those of the medium-carbon composite microalloyed special steel material provided by the technical scheme, and the details are not repeated herein.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a process diagram of a thermal processing method for manufacturing a flexible gear of a harmonic reducer according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a first graph of engineering stress-strain curves according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a second graph of engineering stress-strain curves according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a third graph of engineering stress-strain curves in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a graph of engineering stress-strain curves according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example one
Referring to fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a medium carbon composite micro-alloyed special steel material, including: based on the common medium carbon alloy steel 40CrNiMoA, Nb, V and Ti are added for composite microalloying.
The medium carbon composite micro-alloyed special steel material provided by the embodiment is added with Nb, V and Ti for composite micro-alloying on the basis of common medium carbon alloy steel 40 CrNiMoA. These micro-alloy elements exist in the steel in the form of solid solution, cause lattice distortion, and exert a solid solution strengthening effect, and these micro-alloy elements are also dispersed and precipitated in the form of fine compounds, and exert a dispersion strengthening effect. The precipitated second phase pinning grain boundary can inhibit the growth of grains and control the uniformity of the grains, thereby further playing a role of fine grain strengthening. The composite microalloying also increases the temperature for grain coarsening, and prevents grain coarsening during the hot forming process. The heat treatment process method of the medium-carbon composite microalloyed special steel material is applied to the flexible gear of the harmonic reducer, and the flexible gear has higher bearing capacity after being treated by the heat treatment process method of the medium-carbon composite microalloyed special steel material.
In the above embodiment, the medium carbon composite micro-alloyed special steel material comprises the following components by weight percent:
the common medium carbon alloy steel 40CrNiMoA comprises C, Si, Mn, Cr, Ni, Mo, S and P, and then Nb, V and Ti are added for composite micro-alloying to obtain the harmonic reducer flexible gear manufacturing material.
The heat treatment process method of the medium-carbon composite microalloyed special steel material comprises the following steps:
in the normalizing stage, the temperature of the box-type resistance furnace is raised to 900-950 ℃, the medium-carbon composite microalloyed special steel material blank is placed into the box-type resistance furnace and is kept warm for t minutes, and then the medium-carbon composite microalloyed special steel material blank is cooled to room temperature in air;
in the quenching stage, the temperature of the box-type resistance furnace is raised to 900-930 ℃, the blank of the medium-carbon composite microalloyed special steel material is placed into the box-type resistance furnace and is kept warm for t minutes, and then the blank of the medium-carbon composite microalloyed special steel material is cooled to room temperature by water;
and in the tempering stage, heating the box type resistance furnace to 530-570 ℃, then putting the medium-carbon composite microalloyed special steel material blank into the box type resistance furnace, preserving the heat for k hours, and then cooling the medium-carbon composite microalloyed special steel material blank to room temperature by oil.
Wherein, t is 4.5D, and D is the thinnest direction millimeter thickness of the harmonic reducer flexspline. k ranges from 1 to 3 hours.
Example two
In this example, the thickness of the flexspline blank made of the medium carbon composite microalloyed special steel material is 10mm, the medium carbon alloy steel 40CrNiMoA includes 0.40 mass% of C, 0.24 mass% of Si, 0.80 mass% of Mn, 0.91 mass% of Cr, 1.80 mass% of Ni, 0.20 mass% of Mo, 0.01 mass% of S, and 0.01 mass% of P, and in addition, the added microalloying elements Nb is 0.02 mass%, the mass% of V is 0.04 mass%, the mass% of Ti is 0.01%, and the balance is Fe. The heat treatment process of the flexible gear blank comprises the following steps:
and (3) normalizing stage: heating the box-type resistance furnace to 930 ℃, putting the flexible gear blank into the box-type resistance furnace, preserving the heat for 45min, and then air-cooling to room temperature;
and (3) quenching: cooling the box-type resistance furnace to 920 ℃, putting the flexible gear blank into the box-type resistance furnace, preserving the heat for 45min, and then cooling the flexible gear blank to room temperature by water;
and (3) tempering: and cooling the box type resistance furnace to 530 ℃, putting the flexible gear blank into the box type resistance furnace, preserving heat for 1.5h, and cooling oil to room temperature.
As shown in FIG. 2, the tensile strength of the flexspline blank after heat treatment can reach 1288MPa, the yield strength can reach 1120MPa, and the yield ratio is 0.87. The experimental analysis on the flexible gear of the harmonic reducer prepared by the heat treatment process shows that the mechanical property of the flexible gear is strengthened, and the tensile strength is improved.
EXAMPLE III
In the embodiment, the thickness of the flexible gear blank made of the medium carbon composite microalloyed special steel material is 8mm, and except for the content of the common medium carbon alloy steel element consistent with the embodiment, the mass content of the microalloyed element Nb is 0.03%, the mass content of V is 0.055%, and the mass content of Ti is 0.015%. The heat treatment process of the flexible gear blank comprises the following steps:
and (3) normalizing stage: heating the box-type resistance furnace to 930 ℃, putting the flexible gear blank into the box-type resistance furnace, preserving the heat for 45min, and then air-cooling to room temperature;
and (3) quenching: cooling the box-type resistance furnace to 920 ℃, putting the flexible gear blank into the box-type resistance furnace, preserving the heat for 45min, and then cooling the flexible gear blank to room temperature by water;
and (3) tempering: and cooling the box type resistance furnace to 530 ℃, putting the flexible gear blank into the box type resistance furnace, preserving heat for 1.5h, and cooling oil to room temperature.
As shown in FIG. 3, the tensile strength of the flexspline blank after heat treatment can reach 1288MPa, the yield strength can reach 1120MPa, and the yield ratio is 0.87. The heat treatment process of the flexible gear blank comprises the following steps:
and (3) normalizing stage: heating the box type resistance furnace to 920 ℃, putting the flexible gear blank into the box type resistance furnace, preserving the heat for 45min, and then air-cooling to room temperature;
and (3) quenching: cooling the box-type resistance furnace to 920 ℃, putting the flexible gear blank into the box-type resistance furnace, preserving the heat for 36min, and then cooling the flexible gear blank to room temperature by water;
and (3) tempering: and cooling the box type resistance furnace to 530 ℃, putting the flexible gear blank into the box type resistance furnace, preserving heat for 2 hours, and cooling oil to room temperature.
As shown in FIG. 3, the tensile strength of the flexspline blank after heat treatment can reach 1354MPa, the yield strength can reach 1229MPa, and the yield ratio is 0.91. The experimental analysis on the flexible gear of the harmonic reducer prepared by the heat treatment process shows that the mechanical property of the flexible gear is strengthened, and the tensile strength is improved.
Example four
In the embodiment, the thickness of the flexible gear blank made of the medium carbon composite microalloyed special steel material is 10mm, and except for the content of common medium carbon alloy steel elements consistent with the embodiment, the mass content of microalloyed element Nb is 0.04%, the mass content of V is 0.07%, and the mass content of Ti is 0.02%. The heat treatment process of the flexible gear blank comprises the following steps:
and (3) normalizing stage: heating the box-type resistance furnace to 930 ℃, putting the flexible gear blank into the box-type resistance furnace, preserving the heat for 45min, and then air-cooling to room temperature;
and (3) quenching: cooling the box-type resistance furnace to 910 ℃, putting the flexbile gear blank into the box-type resistance furnace, preserving the temperature for 45min, and then cooling the flexbile gear blank to room temperature by water;
and (3) tempering: and cooling the box type resistance furnace to 530 ℃, putting the flexible gear blank into the box type resistance furnace, preserving heat for 2.5 hours, and cooling oil to room temperature.
As shown in FIG. 4, the tensile strength of the soft wheel blank after heat treatment can reach 1372MPa, the yield strength can reach 1261MPa, and the yield ratio is 0.92. The experimental analysis on the flexible gear of the harmonic reducer prepared by the heat treatment process shows that the mechanical property of the flexible gear is strengthened, and the tensile strength is improved.
EXAMPLE five
For comparison, the medium carbon alloy steel 40CrNiMoA which does not contain microalloy elements is used for preparing a flexspline blank with the thickness of 8mm, the mass content of C is 0.40%, the mass content of Si is 0.24%, the mass content of Mn is 0.80%, the mass content of Cr is 0.91%, the mass content of Ni is 1.80%, the mass content of Mo is 0.20%, the mass content of S is 0.01%, the mass content of P is 0.01%, and the balance is Fe, and the heat treatment process of the flexspline blank is as follows:
and (3) normalizing stage: heating the box type resistance furnace to 850 ℃, putting the flexible gear blank into the box type resistance furnace, preserving the heat for 45min, and then air-cooling to room temperature;
and (3) quenching: cooling the box-type resistance furnace to 850 ℃, putting the flexible gear blank into the box-type resistance furnace, preserving the heat for 45min, and then cooling the flexible gear blank to room temperature by water;
and (3) tempering: and cooling the box type resistance furnace to 580 ℃, putting the flexspline blank into the box type resistance furnace, preserving heat for 2 hours, and cooling oil to room temperature.
As shown in FIG. 5, the tensile strength of the flexspline blank after heat treatment can reach 1030MPa, the yield strength can reach 1013MPa, and the yield ratio is 0.98. It can be seen that the mechanical properties are obviously weaker because Nb, V and Ti are not added for composite micro-alloying.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. A medium carbon composite micro-alloyed special steel material is characterized by comprising the following components: based on the common medium carbon alloy steel 40CrNiMoA, Nb, V and Ti are added for composite microalloying.
2. The medium carbon composite microalloyed special steel material as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by weight:
3. the medium carbon composite microalloyed special steel material as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the material is applied to a flexspline of a harmonic reducer.
4. A heat treatment process method of a medium carbon composite micro-alloying special steel material is characterized by comprising the following steps:
in the normalizing stage, heating the box-type resistance furnace to 900-950 ℃, putting the medium-carbon composite microalloyed special steel material blank into the box-type resistance furnace, preserving the heat for t minutes, and then air-cooling the medium-carbon composite microalloyed special steel material blank to room temperature;
in the quenching stage, the temperature of a box-type resistance furnace is raised to 900-930 ℃, the blank of the medium-carbon composite microalloyed special steel material is placed into the box-type resistance furnace and is kept warm for t minutes, and then the blank of the medium-carbon composite microalloyed special steel material is cooled to room temperature by water;
and in the tempering stage, heating the box type resistance furnace to 530-570 ℃, then putting the medium-carbon composite microalloyed special steel material blank into the box type resistance furnace, preserving the heat for k hours, and then cooling the medium-carbon composite microalloyed special steel material blank to room temperature in oil.
5. The thermal processing method for manufacturing the harmonic reducer flexspline according to claim 4, wherein t is 4.5D, and D is the thinnest direction millimeter thickness of the harmonic reducer flexspline.
6. The thermal treatment process manufacturing method of the harmonic reducer flexspline of claim 4, wherein the value of k ranges from 1 hour to 3 hours.
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| CN106560522A (en) * | 2015-10-02 | 2017-04-12 | 大同特殊钢株式会社 | Part Obtained From Age Hardening Type Bainitic Microalloyed Steel And Process For Producing Same |
| CN109055859A (en) * | 2018-09-06 | 2018-12-21 | 西宁特殊钢股份有限公司 | A kind of industrial robot joint flexbile gear high intensity RL40 steel and preparation method |
| CN109280851A (en) * | 2018-10-29 | 2019-01-29 | 西宁特殊钢股份有限公司 | Harmonic speed reducer special steel material flexbile gear and its cycle heat treatment method |
| WO2019169548A1 (en) * | 2018-03-06 | 2019-09-12 | 高海艇 | Low-strength cast steel micro-alloyed with rare earth |
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Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106560522A (en) * | 2015-10-02 | 2017-04-12 | 大同特殊钢株式会社 | Part Obtained From Age Hardening Type Bainitic Microalloyed Steel And Process For Producing Same |
| JP2018031068A (en) * | 2015-10-02 | 2018-03-01 | 大同特殊鋼株式会社 | Method for producing component using age hardening type bainitic non-heat treated steel |
| WO2019169548A1 (en) * | 2018-03-06 | 2019-09-12 | 高海艇 | Low-strength cast steel micro-alloyed with rare earth |
| CN109055859A (en) * | 2018-09-06 | 2018-12-21 | 西宁特殊钢股份有限公司 | A kind of industrial robot joint flexbile gear high intensity RL40 steel and preparation method |
| CN109280851A (en) * | 2018-10-29 | 2019-01-29 | 西宁特殊钢股份有限公司 | Harmonic speed reducer special steel material flexbile gear and its cycle heat treatment method |
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Application publication date: 20210629 |