CN113045871A - 一种低析出、低雾度、高耐候玻纤增强pbt复合材料及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种低析出、低雾度、高耐候玻纤增强pbt复合材料及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种低析出、低雾度、高耐候玻纤增强PBT复合材料及其制备方法,其组成按质量百分数配比为:PBT 30~70%、增韧剂3~6%,玻璃纤维10~30%、相容剂0~8%、吸附剂0.5~2%,抗氧剂0.2~1%。所述的物理吸附剂为天然硅铝酸盐,可有效吸附原材料加工过程中产生的小分子物质。通过添加天然硅铝酸盐等物理吸附剂,有效吸附挤出加工过程中产生的小分子物质,达到材料低雾度、低析出的要求;选用高效、低散发的受阻酚类和硫代醚类复合抗氧剂和相容剂使所获得的样品具有更优异的耐候性能。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及高分子材料改性领域,具体地说涉及一种低析出、低雾度、高耐候玻纤增强PBT复合材料及其制备方法。
背景技术
PBT是一种热塑性聚酯,属于五大工程塑料之一,加工性能和电性能较好,玻璃化温度低,加工周期短,被广泛应用于电子电气和汽车等产业中。近年来,由于传统燃油汽车尾气排放问题的日益突出,新能源动力汽车产业获得了长足的发展,其革新换代对传统的汽车用聚合物材料也提出了更高的性能要求及更多的功能化需求,尤其是在免底涂汽车内饰件,不仅要求材料具有良好的力学性能,还对汽车用玻璃纤维增强PBT的雾度散发性和热稳定性提出了更高的要求。
玻璃纤维增强PBT材料受温度、湿度的影响会发生发生聚合物降解,使改性PBT失去聚合物树脂的特征,因此玻璃纤维增强PBT的生产过程中会添加一定数量的抗氧剂。然而,这类小分子抗氧剂会在零件的使用过程中缓慢迁移出来造成零件表面析出发白,进而影响美观,因此改进小分子抗氧剂配方体系,减缓或消除抗氧剂的迁移,并且维持材料良好的耐老化性能具有重要意义。
发明内容
本发明目的在于提供一种低析出、低雾度、高耐候玻纤增强PBT复合材料及其制备方法。
本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是:
一种低析出、低雾度、高耐候玻纤增强PBT复合材料,由以下按质量百分数计的原料制备而成:
所述的物理吸附剂为天然硅铝酸盐,可有效吸附原材料加工过程中产生的小分子物质。
所述的PBT树脂粘度为0.5~1.5dL/g。
所述的增韧剂为含有环氧官能团的乙烯类三元共聚物PTW。
所述的玻璃纤维为硅烷偶联剂处理过的无碱短切玻纤,短切长度为3~4.5mm,直径为8~14um。
所述的相容剂为马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯、乙烯-醋酸乙烯接枝马来酸酐或乙烯共聚物接枝物马来酸酐中的一种。
所述的抗氧剂为受阻酚类和硫代醚类复合抗氧剂。
上述低析出、低雾度、高耐候玻纤增强PBT复合材料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)将PBT树脂、增韧剂、相容剂、抗氧剂和吸附剂按比例称取后放入高速混合机中,常温下搅拌10~30分钟。
(2)将步骤(1)混合后的物料加入到双螺杆挤出机的主喂料口,将按重量配比称取的玻璃纤维加入到双螺杆挤出机的侧喂料口,在170~240℃充分塑化混合后挤出、冷却造粒,即得本发明的一种低析出、低雾度、高耐候玻纤增强PBT复合材料。
本发明与现有技术相比,具有如下的有益效果:
(1)采用了中低粘度的PBT树脂,为材料低雾度提供了良好的材料基础保障。
(2)本发明的改性PBT树脂选用高效低散发的受阻酚类和硫代醚类复合抗氧剂,加入天然硅铝酸盐吸附剂,有效吸附原材料加工过程中产生的小分子物质,达到低雾度和低析出的目标。
(3)本发明采用热稳定性更优的相容剂,结合受阻酚类和硫代醚类复合抗氧剂,所获得的样品具有更优异的耐老化性能。
具体实施方式
下面通过优选的实施例进一步说明本发明的技术方案,在不违反本发明的宗旨下,本发明应不限于以下实验例具体明示的内容。
本发明实施例所用原料:
PBT树脂:粘度为0.5~1.5dL/g,美国杜邦。
增韧剂:PTW弹性体,美国杜邦。
玻璃纤维:短切长度为4mm,直径为14um,中国巨石国际有限公司。
相容剂:马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯-5701,普利朗公司。
吸附剂:CF-X01,武汉凌辉高分子材料有限公司。
抗氧剂:受阻酚类1010/硫代醚类1035按1:2比例混合使用,受阻酚类1010/硫代醚类DSTP按1:2比例混合使用自制。
产品性能测试方法:
拉伸强度:按ISO 527方法,拉伸速度5mm/min。
弯曲强度:按ISO 178方法,试验速度2mm/min。
弯曲模量:按ISO 178方法,试验速度2mm/min。
缺口冲击强度:按ISO 179方法,选用4mm厚试样。
雾度测试:按PV3015方法,VW-50180标准要求内饰材料雾度值≤2mg
耐热氧测试:制备标准拉伸样条和缺口冲击样条,按DIN 53497进行老化试验,150℃烘箱放置1000h,测试试验结束后样条的拉伸强度和缺口冲击强度。
析出测试:注塑样板常温放置30天,观察表面析出情况。
发粘测试:按PV1306方法,测试5周期。
实施例1-4
按表1中所述实施例1~4的重量百分比称取PBT树脂,增韧剂、玻璃纤维305K,相容剂5701,吸附剂CF-X01,自制的1010/1035复合抗氧剂。
制备方法:
(1)按重量配比称取PBT、增韧剂、相容剂、抗氧剂及吸附剂,并放入高速混合机中,常温下搅拌10~30分钟。
(2)将步骤(1)混合后的物料加入到双螺杆挤出机的主喂料口,将按重量配比称取的玻璃纤维加入到双螺杆挤出机的侧喂料口,在170~240℃充分塑化混合后挤出、冷却造粒,即得本发明的一种低析出、低雾度、高耐候玻纤增强PBT复合材料。
对比例1
按表1中所述实施例重量百分比称取PBT树脂,增韧剂、玻璃纤维305K,相容剂5701,吸附剂CF-X01,自制的1010/DSTP复合抗氧剂。
制备方法:
(1)按重量配比称取PBT、增韧剂、相容剂、抗氧剂及吸附剂,并放入高速混合机中,常温下搅拌10~30分钟。
(2)将步骤(1)混合后的物料加入到双螺杆挤出机的主喂料口,将按重量配比称取的玻璃纤维加入到双螺杆挤出机的侧喂料口,在170~240℃充分塑化混合后挤出、冷却造粒,即得本发明的一种低析出、低雾度、高耐候玻纤增强PBT复合材料。采用注塑机制备标准测试试样,测试结果见表1。
对比例2是Ployone公司的BergadurTM PB40 G20材料,测试结果见表1。
表1:性能测试结果
由表1中可以看出,对比例1和对比例2的雾度值明显高于实施例2;而老化后的拉伸强度和缺口冲击强度保持率低于实施例2、3,表明1010/1035复配抗氧剂具有高效抗氧效果和低散发;实施例2的雾度值低于实施例3,这表明吸附剂CF-X01有效吸附原材料加工过程中产生的小分子物质,达到低雾度的目标。
本发明通过选用中高效低散发的受阻酚类和硫代醚类复合抗氧剂和相容剂,添加天然硅铝酸盐吸附剂,有效吸附原材料加工过程中产生的小分子物质,减少材料雾度和析出,可应用于汽车内饰等对雾度要求高的零件;同时,结合高效的复合抗氧剂,使所获得的样品具有更优异的耐候性能。
Claims (7)
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种低析出、低雾度、高耐候玻纤增强PBT复合材料,其特征在于:所述的PBT树脂粘度为0.5~1.5dL/g。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种低析出、低雾度、高耐候玻纤增强PBT复合材料,其特征在于:所述的增韧剂为含有环氧官能团的乙烯类三元共聚物PTW。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种低析出、低雾度、高耐候玻纤增强PBT复合材料,其特征在于:所述的玻璃纤维为硅烷偶联剂处理过的无碱短切玻纤,短切长度为3~4.5mm,直径为8~14um。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种低析出、低雾度、高耐候玻纤增强PBT复合材料,其特征在于:所述的相容剂为马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯、乙烯-醋酸乙烯接枝马来酸酐或乙烯共聚物接枝物马来酸酐中的一种。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种低析出、低雾度、高耐候玻纤增强PBT复合材料,其特征在于:所述的抗氧剂为受阻酚类和硫代醚类复合抗氧剂。
7.根据权利要求1-6任意之一所述低析出、低雾度、高耐候玻纤增强PBT复合材料,其特征在于:包括以下步骤:
(1)将PBT树脂、增韧剂、相容剂、抗氧剂和吸附剂按比例称取后放入高速混合机中,常温下搅拌10~30分钟。
(2)将步骤(1)混合后的物料加入到双螺杆挤出机的主喂料口,将按重量配比称取的玻璃纤维加入到双螺杆挤出机的侧喂料口,在170~240℃充分塑化混合后挤出、冷却造粒,即得本发明的一种低析出、低雾度、高耐候玻纤增强PBT复合材料。
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