CN113042955B

CN113042955B - Semi-automatic guide rail welding device and using method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN113042955B
Application number: CN202110195426.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 管军; 李世晓; 时广会; 刘永梅
Original assignee: Yantai Guangyuan Civil Air Defense Equipment Co ltd
Current assignee: Yantai Guangyuan Civil Air Defense Equipment Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-02-22
Filing date: 2021-02-22
Publication date: 2022-09-27
Anticipated expiration: 2041-02-22
Also published as: CN113042955A

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of civil air defense door processing, and particularly discloses a semi-automatic guide rail welding device and a using method thereof, wherein the device comprises a tool and a welding machine, the tool is provided with a guide rail, and the welding machine moves along the guide rail and welds a workpiece; the welding machine comprises a mounting seat which is erected on the guide rail and moves along the guide rail, a welding gun and a wire feeding mechanism are arranged on the mounting seat, the wire feeding mechanism comprises a material wheel which is rotatably arranged on the mounting seat, a welding wire is wound on the material wheel, and the welding gun and the mounting seat are connected with an adjusting bracket; the tool comprises a base and a mounting bracket; the base is provided with a supporting seat in a sliding manner, and the supporting seat is matched with a clamping and fixing workpiece; the mounting bracket slides and spans on the base, and the guide rail is arranged on the mounting bracket. The mode that the tool is matched with the welding machine is adopted, semi-automatic welding operation of the workpiece is realized, obvious pause interruption is avoided, one-time welding of a welding line can be realized, and the improvement of the welding operation quality of the workpiece is facilitated.

Description

Semi-automatic guide rail welding device and using method thereof

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of civil air defense door processing, in particular to a semi-automatic guide rail welding device and a using method thereof.

Background

Civil defense, also known as civil defense, is a measure and action taken by governments to mobilize and organize masses to prevent air attacks, combat disasters and earthquakes and eliminate consequences. The civil air defense door belongs to one of protective equipment in civil air defense, and mainly refers to a door of an entrance and an exit of a civil air defense project.

At present, when a civil air defense door is manufactured, a main body frame is mainly welded manually, and then other related parts are welded on the basis of the main body frame. However, when welding some parts with long length or high welding requirement, the welding operator is easy to stop or interrupt due to self factors or environmental factors.

In view of the above-mentioned related art, the inventors have considered that there is a welding quality defect in which welding operation is stopped or interrupted by a welding operator, thereby causing unevenness or interruption of a weld.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to achieve the purpose of improving the quality of welding operation, the application provides a semi-automatic guide rail welding device and a using method thereof.

In a first aspect, the application provides a semi-automatic guide rail welding device, which adopts the following technical scheme:

a semi-automatic guide rail welding device comprises a tool for erecting a workpiece and a welding machine for welding the workpiece, wherein a guide rail is arranged on the tool, and the welding machine moves along the guide rail and welds the workpiece; the welding machine comprises a mounting seat which is erected on a guide rail and moves along the guide rail, a welding gun and a wire feeding mechanism which are matched with each other are arranged on the mounting seat, the wire feeding mechanism comprises a material wheel which is rotatably arranged on the mounting seat, a welding wire is wound on the material wheel, the welding wire drawn out of the material wheel is fed into a wire feeding guide pipe of the welding gun, the welding gun and the mounting seat are connected with an adjusting support, and the adjusting support is used for adjusting the welding angle of the welding gun; the tool comprises a base for supporting and fixing a workpiece and a mounting bracket for arranging the welding machine; the base is provided with a supporting seat in a sliding manner, and the supporting seat is matched with a clamping and fixing workpiece; the mounting bracket is arranged on the base in a sliding manner, and the guide rail is arranged on the mounting bracket; a sliding groove is formed in the base along the diagonal line of the rectangle, the supporting seat is in sliding fit with the sliding groove, and a locking mechanism is arranged on the supporting seat; a lifting mechanism is arranged on the supporting seat and comprises a driving piece and an assembly table connected with the driving piece, and the assembly table is matched with and clamps a fixed workpiece; the locking mechanism comprises an installation block arranged on the driving piece, a handle is rotatably arranged on the installation block, a limiting piece is also slidably arranged on the installation block, the handle is in transmission connection with the limiting piece, the handle and the driving piece form elastic mechanical clamping fit, and the limiting piece and the base form abutting locking fit; the welding machine is arranged on the corresponding longitudinal support or the corresponding transverse support in a sliding mode, and the longitudinal support and the transverse support are in staggered spanning fit.

By adopting the technical scheme, the workpiece is clamped and fixed by the supporting seat, and an operator finishes the welding operation of the workpiece by moving the welding machine on the mounting bracket; in the welding process, the welding gun is matched with the wire feeding mechanism to complete the wire feeding operation of the welding wire, and the position and the angle of the welding gun can be adjusted by an operator according to actual requirements, so that the welding operation is convenient to carry out. The operator adjusts the position of the supporting seat according to the specification of the main body frame of the workpiece so as to achieve the purpose of adapting to workpieces with different specifications; then, according to the actual requirements of welding operation, selecting a corresponding longitudinal support and a corresponding transverse support, and moving the longitudinal support and the transverse support to corresponding welding positions, wherein the longitudinal support and the transverse support cannot generate interference influence with each other; in the process of welding operation, the operator can adjust the distance between the workpiece and the welding machine according to actual requirements, and the welding machine has better practicability. Adopt frock and welding machine matched with mode, realize the semi-automatization welding jobs of work piece, compare in manual welding jobs, because the simple facility of operation is difficult to produce obvious pause and is interrupted, can realize the disposable welding of welding seam, be favorable to improving the welding jobs quality of work piece.

Preferably, the wire feeding mechanism further comprises guide wheels, the two guide wheels are arranged into a group of guide groups, the two guide wheels of the same guide group are matched with and clamp the drawn welding wire, and at least two groups of guide groups are arranged; the guide wheel in the guide group comprises a fixed wheel and an adjusting wheel, the fixed wheel is fixedly arranged, the adjusting wheel is rotatably arranged, a guide groove is formed in the fixed wheel, and the drawn welding wire is matched with the guide groove in an embedded mode under the limitation of the adjusting wheel.

By adopting the technical scheme, the welding wire is changed from an initial curve state to a linear state under the tensioning of a plurality of groups of guide wheels, and the welding wire in the linear state is input into a wire feeding guide pipe of the welding gun, so that the welding effect of the welding gun is improved; meanwhile, the welding wire is embedded in the guide groove on the fixed wheel under the action of the adjusting wheel, and the guide groove not only plays a role in guiding the welding wire to pass, but also plays a role in limiting the welding wire to greatly shake; on this basis, the regulating wheel that rotates the setting has reduced the influence of the smooth and easy nature of the stay wire of welding wire by the at utmost.

Preferably, the mounting seat is provided with a sleeve, the sleeve is positioned between the guide wheels of any adjacent guide group, the drawn welding wire penetrates through the sleeve, and a lining is arranged in the sleeve.

By adopting the technical scheme, the sleeve not only plays a role in guiding the welding wire to smoothly walk, but also can play a role in further straightening the welding wire, and the lining in the sleeve plays a role in protecting the welding wire while guiding and straightening the welding wire.

Preferably, the mounting seat is provided with an adjusting mechanism for changing the position of the adjusting wheel, and the adjusting mechanism comprises a mounting frame rotatably arranged on the mounting seat and a locking assembly for locking the mounting frame; the adjusting wheel is rotatably installed on the installation frame, the locking assembly comprises a locking rod connected with the installation frame, and a locking handle used for locking the installation frame is arranged on the locking rod; one end of the locking rod is hinged with the mounting frame at the far end, the other end of the locking rod and the extension of the locking rod are in inserting fit with the rest mounting frames, the locking handle is positioned at the other end of the locking rod, which is clamped with the mounting frame, and the locking handle and the locking rod form elastic clamping fit along the extension direction of the locking rod; the locking handle is tightly abutted against the mounting rack at the other far end after being elastically clamped and fixed.

By adopting the technical scheme, when a welding wire coil on the material wheel needs to be replaced, an operator pulls out the locking handle outwards and pulls the locking rod outwards to unlock the rotating frame so as to facilitate the penetrating operation of the welding wire; when the welding wire is stretched straight, the position and the angle of the adjusting wheel can be adjusted by adjusting the elastic clamping position of the locking handle on the locking rod, so that the purposes of adjusting the stretching degree and the releasing state of the welding wire are achieved, and the welding wire stretching straight adjusting device has better practicability and adaptability.

Preferably, the mounting seat is further provided with a detection support, the detection support is provided with a welding line cleaner, a welding line detector and a metal flaw detector, the welding line cleaner comprises a laser cleaning head, the welding line detector comprises an industrial camera, and the metal flaw detector comprises a metal flaw detection head; the detection support is used for adjusting the position angles of the welding seam cleaner, the welding seam detector and the metal flaw detector.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, laser cleaning head is used for clearing up impurity and black vestige on the welding seam to keep the good outward appearance state of work piece, facilitate for subsequent welding seam inspection and metal detection operation simultaneously, and welding seam inspection and metal detection cooperate, can realize more comprehensive work piece quality inspection.

Preferably, the tool further comprises a top bracket arranged on the mounting bracket in a spanning manner, the top bracket is provided with an assembly detector, and the assembly detector comprises an industrial camera.

By adopting the technical scheme, after the assembly operation is completed, the industrial camera at the top is utilized to photograph, so that the operating personnel can conveniently observe and judge whether the main body frame of the workpiece is assembled in place or not from the whole body.

Preferably, the locking mechanisms are symmetrically arranged at two sides of the sliding groove; the base is provided with a guide groove along the extending direction of the sliding groove, the limiting part is provided with a guide block which forms sliding fit with the guide groove, and the guide block moves along the direction perpendicular to the base under the driving of the limiting part and forms abutting locking fit with the guide groove.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the guide block is detached to be cooperated with the guide way and is realized outside the effect of spacing locking base, can also play the effect of the smooth and easy motion of guide base, and the guide block on the locking mechanical system of base both sides cooperatees and can play keep balance and spacing effect in the base motion process, is favorable to obtaining more accurate latched position and stable locked state.

Preferably, the assembly table is provided with a limiting assembly, and the limiting assembly comprises a propping piece in threaded connection with the assembly table; the abutting piece abuts against and clamps the workpiece on the fixed assembling table.

By adopting the technical scheme, after the assembly table clamps the main body frame of the fixed workpiece, the purpose of further locking is realized through the limiting assembly, namely the abutting piece is rotated until the abutting piece abuts against the main body frame of the workpiece.

Preferably, a force sensor is arranged on the abutting piece and used for detecting the extrusion acting force of the abutting piece and the workpiece body frame.

By adopting the technical scheme, the force sensor on the abutting piece can assist an operator to judge whether the main body frame of the workpiece is stably clamped or not, and meanwhile, the fine adjustment operation is convenient for the operator.

In a second aspect, the application provides a use method of a semi-automatic guide rail welding device, which adopts the following technical scheme:

a using method of a semi-automatic guide rail welding device comprises the following steps of S1, pre-welding; manually welding a workpiece main body frame in advance; s2, assembling operation; the position of the supporting seat on the base is adjusted to be adapted to the main body frame of the workpiece, and the main body frame of the workpiece is clamped and locked through the assembly table and the limiting assembly; s3, assembling and inspecting; the assembly detector photographs the assembly table and the workpiece main body frame after clamping and locking, and an operator adjusts clamping and locking matching of the assembly table and the limiting component according to a photographed image and detection data of the force sensor; s4, preparing welding; moving the longitudinal support and the transverse support to corresponding welding positions, and moving a welding machine to an initial welding position; s5, welding operation; adjusting the position and the angle of a welding gun, and moving the welding machine along a pre-planned welding direction by an operator to complete welding operation; s6, cleaning welding seams; an operator moves the welding machine reversely, and finishes the cleaning operation of the welding line through the welding line cleaner; s7, welding inspection; in the process of moving the welding machine reversely, after the welding line is cleaned, detecting the state of the welding line through a welding line detector, and simultaneously detecting the state of the workpiece main body frame through a metal flaw detector; if all the requirements are met, the next step is carried out, and if any one of the requirements is not met, rework and maintenance are carried out; and S8, blanking operation, namely reversely moving the longitudinal support and the transverse support, releasing the clamping and locking of the workpiece main body frame, and finally carrying the welded workpiece.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, welding operation personnel use through assembly detector and assembly bench cooperation, realize the purpose of accurate assembly to on this basis, realize the purpose of check-up after the welding through welding seam clearance ware, welding seam detector and metal flaw detector, and then reach the purpose that improves the welding process quality of disposable welding continuity of operation.

In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

1. the semi-automatic welding operation of the workpiece is realized by adopting a mode that the tool is matched with the welding machine, one-time welding of a welding seam is realized, and the welding operation quality of the workpiece is improved;

2. the purposes of tensioning, straightening and guiding the welding wire drawing are realized by matching the adjusting mechanism and the guide wheel, so that the purpose of improving the wire feeding effect is realized, and the purpose of indirectly improving the welding operation quality is further achieved;

3. the purpose of clamping and fixing the workpiece is achieved by means of the matching of the assembly table and the limiting assembly on the supporting seat, meanwhile, the purpose of improving the assembly effect is achieved by means of the matching of the assembly detector above and the force sensor on the abutting piece, and therefore the purpose of indirectly improving the quality of welding operation is achieved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a semi-automatic guide rail welding device according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a support base;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a structure primarily used to show a welder;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the arrangement primarily for illustrating the wire feeder and adjustment mechanism;

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional schematic view of the locking assembly;

FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a cannula;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the structure of the adjustment bracket and the detection bracket;

fig. 8 is a block diagram illustrating steps of a method for using a semi-automatic rail welding device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Description of reference numerals: 1. assembling; 11. a base; 111. a sliding groove; 112. a junction section; 113. a guide groove; 12. mounting a bracket; 121. a longitudinal support; 122. a transverse support; 13. a guide rail; 14. a supporting seat; 141. a raised structure; 15. a top support; 151. assembling a detector; 16. a walking roller; 2. a welding machine; 21. a mounting seat; 211. a horizontal support; 212. a vertical support; 22. a welding gun; 221. a wire feed conduit; 23. moving the roller; 24. a material wheel; 3. a hoisting mechanism; 31. a drive member; 32. an assembly table; 321. a planar sheet material; 322. angle steel; 4. a limiting component; 41. rotating the handle; 42. an abutting piece; 5. a wire feeder; 51. a guide group; 511. a fixed wheel; 512. an adjustment wheel; 513. a guide groove; 52. a sleeve; 521. lining; 6. an adjustment mechanism; 61. a mounting frame; 62. a locking assembly; 621. a locking lever; 622. a locking handle; 63. clamping the groove; 64. clamping protrusions; 71. adjusting the bracket; 72. detecting the bracket; 73. a support arm; 731. an adjusting seat; 732. a short arm; 81. a metal flaw detector; 82. a weld cleaner; 83. a weld detector; 9. a locking mechanism; 91. mounting blocks; 92. a handle; 93. a limiting member; 94. and a guide block.

Detailed Description

The present application is described in further detail below with reference to figures 1-8.

The embodiment of the application discloses semi-automatic guide rail welding set.

Referring to fig. 1, a semi-automatic guide rail welding device comprises a tool 1 for erecting a workpiece, and a welding machine 2 for welding the workpiece is also erected on the tool 1. The tool 1 comprises a base 11 and a mounting bracket 12 which are matched with each other, a workpiece to be welded is fixed on the base 11, a guide rail 13 is arranged on the mounting bracket 12, and the welding machine 2 is arranged on the mounting bracket 12 in a sliding mode along the guide rail 13; the operator moves the welder 2 along the guide rail 13 and in the process, the welding operation of the workpiece to be welded on the base 11 is completed, so that semi-automatic welding operation is realized.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the base 11 is horizontally laid on the working floor, in the embodiment of the present application, the base 11 is a rectangular plate structure, and two sliding grooves 111 are formed along a diagonal line of the base, the supporting base 14 is slidably mounted along the sliding grooves 111, and the main frame of the workpiece to be welded is fixed on the supporting base 14. In this application embodiment, the number of the supporting seats 14 is set to four groups, the bottom of each group of supporting seats 14 is formed with the protruding structure 141 embedded with the sliding groove 111, the supporting seats 14 are matched with the sliding groove 111 through the protruding structure 141, and the length of the protruding structure 141 should be longer than the length of the intersection section 112 at the intersection position of the two sliding grooves 111, so as to meet the requirement that the supporting seats 14 stably and smoothly slide through the intersection section 112. Each group of supporting seats 14 is provided with a locking mechanism 9, and a press-down type lockset is adopted as the locking mechanism 9, so that the purpose of stably locking the supporting seats 14 is achieved.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the supporting seats 14 are each provided with a hoisting mechanism 3, each hoisting mechanism 3 includes a driving member 31 and an assembly table 32 driven by the driving member 31 to move, in the embodiment of the present application, an air cylinder is used as the driving member 31, an axis of the air cylinder is vertically arranged and locked to be mounted at the top end of the corresponding supporting seat 14, the assembly table 32 is a composite plate structure formed by welding a planar plate 321 and angle steel 322, and the angle steel 322 is welded at a corner position of the planar plate 321, i.e., a "corner" structure is formed. The operator moves the supporting seats 14 to corresponding positions according to the size of the structure of the main body frame of the workpiece to be fixed, and transports the main body frame of the workpiece to the assembling tables 32 of the four groups of supporting seats 14 through a crown block and the like, and the assembling tables 32 achieve the purpose of clamping, supporting and fixing the main body frame of the workpiece, namely, the four groups of assembling tables 32 are matched with each other to clamp and fix the main body frame of the workpiece.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the locking mechanism 9 includes two mounting blocks 91 mounted on the side walls of the driving member 31, and the two mounting blocks 91 are mounted on two adjacent side walls of the driving member 31 and are symmetrically arranged with respect to the sliding slot 111 on the base 11. The mounting block 91 is approximately a square block and is vertically arranged, the top position of the mounting block 91 is rotatably provided with a handle 92, the interior of the mounting block is slidably provided with a limiting part 93 along the vertical direction, the handle 92 and the limiting part 93 realize synchronous driving movement through a gear-rack type transmission structure, namely, a gear structure is arranged on the handle 92, the limiting part 93 is set to be a rack structure, and the purpose of driving the limiting part 93 to move is realized through meshing driving and matching of the limiting part 93 and the rack structure. The user drives the limiting member 93 to vertically slide through the rotating handle 92, and the limiting member 93 vertically penetrates through the mounting block 91 downwards and forms a butt joint locking fit with the base 11, so as to achieve the purpose of locking the supporting seat 14.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, in order to obtain a stable abutting locking fit, the handle 92 is made of an elastic material, and a side of the handle 92 facing the mounting block 91 is provided with a protruding structure having a circular arc transition edge, and correspondingly, the mounting block 91 is provided with a notch structure. After the user rotates the handle 92, the protruding structure of the handle 92 can be elastically clamped in the opening structure of the mounting block 91, so as to stably lock the position-limiting member 93, and further achieve the purpose of stably locking the supporting seat 14.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a limiting member 93 is provided with a guide block 94 through the bottom end of the mounting block 91; the base 11 is provided with guide grooves 113 along the extending direction of the sliding groove 111. the guide grooves 113 are symmetrically provided at two sides of the sliding groove 111, and form a clamping sliding fit with the corresponding guide blocks 94, thereby guiding the movement of the support base 14. In the embodiment of the present application, the guide block 94 is provided as a block-shaped structure having a cross section similar to a Chinese character 'ao', and the longitudinal cross-sectional shape of the guide groove 113 is correspondingly provided; the left end and the right end of the guide block 94 form a sliding abutting fit with the corresponding groove edges of the guide groove 113, and the guide block 94 can make a certain vertical movement in the guide groove 113 along the direction perpendicular to the base 11, so that the movement of the limiting member 93 can drive the guide block 94 to move and form an abutting locking fit with the upper groove top or the lower groove bottom of the guide groove 113, thereby achieving the purpose of locking the support seat 14. In the embodiment of the present application, a downward pressing type abutting locking structure is selected, that is, the user turns the handle 92 upward to drive the limiting member 93 to move vertically downward, so that the guide block 94 is pressed downward and forms abutting locking fit with the guide groove 113; the user reversely presses the handle 92 to drive the stopper 93 to vertically move upward, so that the guide block 94 is separated from the bottom of the guide groove 113, thereby achieving the purpose of contact locking.

In addition, the intersection portion generated by the intersection between the sliding grooves 111 can be processed in a manner similar to the intersection section 112 or in a structure.

Referring to fig. 2, in order to further lock the workpiece main body frame, the side plates of the angle steel 322 of each set of assembly stations 32 are provided with a limiting assembly 4, each limiting assembly 4 includes a rotating handle 41 horizontally penetrating the side plates of the angle steel 322 and in threaded connection with the side plates of the angle steel 322, a retaining member 42 is provided on the end of the rotating handle 41 facing one side of the workpiece main body frame, and in the embodiment of the present application, a vertically arranged plate structure is adopted as the retaining member 42; after the assembly table 32 is engaged to hold the workpiece body frame, the operator rotates the turning handle 41 until the abutting member 42 abuts against the side surface of the workpiece body frame.

In the actual production process, a force sensor can be further mounted on the abutting pieces 42, the force sensor can select components such as a metal strain gauge and a pressure sensor, the force sensor is mainly used for detecting the extrusion acting force between the abutting pieces 42 and the workpiece body frame, and an operator can adjust the abutting state of each abutting piece 42 according to data fed back by the force sensor, so that the difference value of the extrusion acting force between the four groups of abutting pieces 42 and the workpiece body frame is relatively small.

Referring to fig. 1, the tool 1 further includes a top support 15 straddling the base 11 and the mounting support 12, in this embodiment, the top support 15 is a rectangular frame structure, a mounting detector 151 is suspended at a middle position of the top support 15 toward one side of the base 11, the mounting detector 151 includes an industrial camera suspended at a central position of the top support 15, and a controller used in cooperation with the industrial camera, the controller is not shown in the figure; after the assembly of the workpiece main body frame is completed, a welding operator controls the industrial camera to take a picture through the controller, and observes whether the assembly state of the workpiece main body frame meets the requirement or not according to the image in the controller, and readjusts the position of the supporting seat 14 and the abutting state of the abutting piece 42 until the requirements are met if obvious assembly deviation exists.

Referring to fig. 1, the mounting bracket 12 includes a longitudinal bracket 121 erected along the length direction of the base 11, and further includes a transverse bracket 122 erected along the width direction of the base 11, and the longitudinal bracket 121 and the transverse bracket 122 are in staggered straddling fit in the height direction to avoid mutual interference; the longitudinal support 121 and the transverse support 122 are both provided with the guide rails 13, the welding machine 2 slides along the guide rails 13, an operator firstly moves the longitudinal support 121 and/or the transverse support 122 to the corresponding welding position, and then moves the welding machine 2 along the guide rails 13 to complete the welding operation.

Referring to fig. 1, the longitudinal support 121 and the transverse support 122 are both portal structures with an approximate Jiong-shaped structure, and the bottom of the support column of both are provided with the walking rollers 16, in the embodiment of the present application, the walking rollers 16 with a single movement direction are adopted, so that no rail may be laid, of course, the rails may be laid on the long sides and the wide sides of the base 11, and the rails and the walking rollers 16 cooperate to realize stable sliding movement of the longitudinal support 121 and the transverse support 122.

Referring to fig. 3, the welding machine 2 includes a mounting base 21 slidably mounted on the guide rail 13 of the longitudinal bracket 121 and/or the transverse bracket 122, the mounting base 21 includes a horizontal support 211 and a vertical support 212, and the vertical support 212 is vertically fixed on the horizontal support 211. The bottom of the horizontal support 211 is provided with four moving rollers 23, the top end surfaces of the longitudinal support 121 and the transverse support 122 are provided with sliding grooves along the length direction, the sliding grooves are used as the guide rails 13, and the moving rollers 23 and the sliding grooves form sliding fit to realize the sliding movement of the welding machine 2. Besides, the welding gun 22 is further mounted on the horizontal support 211, the wire feeder 5 matched with the welding gun 22 is mounted on the vertical support 212, the wire feeder 5 comprises a material wheel 24 rotatably mounted on the vertical support 212, a welding wire is wound on the material wheel 24 in advance, and the welding wire drawn out from the material wheel 24 is connected with a wire feeding guide pipe 221 of the welding gun 22. Because the welding gun 22 has a traction mechanism for drawing the welding wire, the traction mechanism can actively draw out the welding wire on the material wheel 24, i.e. in a passive wire feeding mode, and of course, a power part for actively driving the material wheel 24 to rotate can be additionally arranged on the mounting seat 21, and the power part can be matched with the welding gun 22 to use by having the traction mechanism, so as to solve the problem that the welding wire is too tight or too loose in the passive wire feeding mode.

Referring to fig. 3 and 4, wire feeder 5 further includes guide wheels mounted on vertical support 212, wherein two guide wheels arranged oppositely form a group of guide set 51, and the two guide wheels in the same guide set 51 cooperate to clamp and feed the welding wire drawn from material wheel 24; it should be noted that at least two sets of guide sets 51 are required for the purpose of straightening the wire. In the embodiment of the present application, the number of the guiding groups 51 is two, and the guiding wheels in any one guiding group 51 include a fixed wheel 511 and an adjusting wheel 512, wherein the fixed wheel 511 is locked and installed on the vertical support 212, the adjusting wheel 512 is rotatably installed on the vertical support 212, and a guiding groove 513 is formed on the wheel surface of the fixed wheel 511 along the circumferential direction thereof; when the fixed wheel 511 and the adjusting wheel 512 are matched to clamp and convey the welding wire, the welding wire is embedded into the corresponding guide groove 513 under the extrusion action of the adjusting wheel 512, the guide groove 513 plays a role in guiding the welding wire to penetrate and limiting the welding wire to shake greatly, and meanwhile, the adjusting wheel 512 rotates to convey the welding wire to move, so that the smoothness of the penetration of the welding wire is improved.

Referring to fig. 3 and 4, an adjusting mechanism 6 for changing the position and angle of the adjusting wheel 512 is mounted on the vertical support 212, the adjusting mechanism 6 includes a mounting bracket 61 for mounting the adjusting wheel 512, and a locking assembly 62 for locking the mounting bracket 61, wherein the mounting bracket 61 is rotatably engaged with the vertical support 212, the adjusting wheel 512 is rotatably mounted on the corresponding mounting bracket 61, and the locking assembly 62 is used for limiting the rotation of the mounting bracket 61. The welding operator can rotate the adjusting bracket 61 to a specific position and angle on the vertical support 212 according to the specification and wire feeding speed of the welding wire, and then complete the locking operation through the locking assembly 62.

Referring to fig. 4 and 5, the locking assembly 62 includes a locking rod 621 and a locking handle 622 that are used in cooperation, a plurality of sets of clamping grooves 63 are formed on the locking rod 621 at positions close to the end portion of the locking rod 621 at equal intervals along the extending direction of the locking rod, the locking handle 622 and the end portion of the locking rod 621 are coaxially sleeved and matched, a clamping protrusion 64 is formed on the locking handle 622, and then the locking handle 622 and the locking rod 621 are matched through the clamping protrusion 64 and the clamping groove 63 to form elastic clamping matching, so that a user can adjust the clamping mounting position of the locking handle 622 on the locking rod 621 according to the use requirement. Meanwhile, one end of the locking rod 621 is hinged to the mounting frame 61 of the adjusting wheel 512 in one group of the guiding groups 51, the other end of the locking rod 621 is in inserting fit with the mounting frame 61 of the adjusting wheel 512 in the other group of the guiding groups 51, the locking handle 622 is mounted at the other end of the locking rod 621, the welding operator adjusts the clamping position of the locking handle 622, so that the locking handle 622 and the locking rod 621 form clamping fit with the corresponding mounting frame 61, and at the moment, the mounting frame 61 and the locking assembly 62 are both in a locking state.

Referring to fig. 4 and 6, a sleeve 52 is locked and installed on the vertical support 212 at the middle position of each two adjacent guide sets 51, the sleeve 52 is of a hollow tube structure, the axis of the sleeve 52 is the same as the tightening direction of the welding wire, a liner 521 is coaxially installed in the sleeve 52 in a penetrating manner, the liner 521 can be made of plastic materials with low friction coefficient, such as polytetrafluoroethylene, and the like, and meanwhile, the length of the liner 521 is smaller than that of the sleeve 52, and the liner 521 can play a role in guiding the welding wire to penetrate and meanwhile protect the welding wire.

Referring to fig. 3 and 7, the welding gun 22 is connected with an adjusting bracket 71 with a horizontal support 211, the horizontal support 211 is further provided with a detection bracket 72, the detection bracket 72 is provided with a weld cleaner 82, a weld detector 83 and a metal flaw detector 81, wherein the weld cleaner 82 comprises a laser cleaning head and a corresponding controller, the weld detector 83 comprises an industrial camera and a corresponding controller, the metal flaw detector 81 comprises a metal flaw detection head and a corresponding controller, and the controllers of the three can be independently arranged or integrated into a whole. After the welding operation is completed, impurities and black traces at the welding position are cleaned by the welding seam cleaner 82, then the welding seam position is photographed by the welding seam detector 83, meanwhile, the metal inner structure at the welding position is detected by the metal flaw detector 81, and damage or positions which do not meet requirements are repaired.

Referring to fig. 3 and 7, the adjusting bracket 71 and the detecting bracket 72 are both used for adjusting position and angle, and the structures of the adjusting bracket 71 and the detecting bracket are the same, and the adjusting bracket 71 is described as an example, and includes a support arm 73 and an adjusting seat 731, where the adjusting seat 731 adopts a matching structure of a lead screw, a track and a slide block to realize driving adjustment, that is, the support arm 73 is connected with the slide block, the slide block is in sliding fit with the track and is in threaded connection with the lead screw, and the slide block can move in sliding along the track under the driving of the lead screw; the support arm 73 includes two short arms 732, one end of one short arm 732 is rotatably connected to the slider and is pressed and locked by a locking member such as a screw, and the other end of the short arm 732 is rotatably connected to one end of the other short arm 732 and is locked by a locking member such as a screw, and the welding gun 22 is vertically inserted into the other end of the other short arm 732 and is pressed and locked by a locking member such as a screw, thereby adjusting the angle and position of the welding gun 22 in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction.

The implementation of semi-automatic guide rail automatic welder of this application embodiment is moved as: the welding operation personnel pass through the assembly table 32 on the supporting seat 14, and the fixing of the workpiece main body frame is realized through the cooperation of the limiting component 4 on the assembly table 32, then the assembly detector 151 on the top support 15, and the assembly calibration is realized through the cooperation of the force sensor on the abutting piece 42, after the assembly calibration is completed, the welding machine 2 is moved to the corresponding welding position through the longitudinal support 121 and the transverse support 122, the angle and the position of the welding gun 22 are adjusted, the welding operation personnel move the welding machine 2 along the rail to complete the one-time continuous welding operation, and finally, the angles and the positions of the welding seam cleaner 82, the welding seam detector 83 and the metal flaw detector 81 are adjusted, so that the welding seam cleaning operation, the welding seam photographing detection and the metal inner structure flaw detection operation are completed.

The embodiment of the application also discloses a using method of the semi-automatic guide rail welding device.

Referring to fig. 8, a method for using a semi-automatic guide rail welding device comprises the following steps,

s1, pre-welding; manually welding a main body frame of a workpiece in advance;

s2, assembling operation; suspending the workpiece main body frame above the base 11 by using a hoisting tool such as a crown block, and the like, adjusting the position of the supporting seat 14 on the base 11 at the same time until four corner parts of the workpiece main body frame are lapped on the corresponding assembling table 32 to be preliminarily adapted to the workpiece main body frame, further adjusting the position of the supporting seat 14 until the angle steel 322 of the assembling table 32 is abutted against the workpiece main body frame, and further abutting and fixing the workpiece main body frame by the abutting piece 42 of the limiting component 4;

s3, assembling and inspecting; the assembly detector 151 shoots the assembly table 32 and the workpiece main body frame after clamping and locking, and an operator adjusts the clamping and locking matching of the assembly table 32 and the limiting assembly 4 according to the shot image and the detection data of the force sensor, namely adjusts the magnitude of the resisting force of the resisting pieces 42, so that the resisting forces of the four groups of resisting pieces 42 are approximately the same, and meanwhile, a large deviation cannot occur on the captured image;

s4, preparing welding; moving the longitudinal bracket 121 and the transverse bracket 122 to the corresponding welding positions, and moving the welding machine 2 to the initial welding position;

s5, welding operation; the position and the angle of the welding gun 22 are adjusted through the adjusting bracket 71, and a welding operator moves the welding machine 2 along the guide rail 13 along the pre-planned welding direction to complete one-time continuous welding operation;

s6, cleaning welding seams; the welding operator adjusts the angles and the positions of the weld cleaner 82, the weld detector 83 and the metal flaw detector 81 through the detection bracket 72, then moves the welding machine 2 in the reverse direction along the guide rail 13, and finishes the weld cleaning operation through the weld cleaner 82;

s7, welding inspection; in the process of moving the welding machine 2 reversely, after the welding seam is cleaned, the welding seam detector 83 shoots to detect the state of the welding seam, and the metal flaw detector 81 detects the internal structure state of the workpiece main body frame; if all the requirements are met, the next step is carried out, and if any one of the requirements is not met, rework and maintenance are carried out;

and S8, blanking operation, namely reversely moving the longitudinal support 121 and the transverse support 122, releasing the clamping and locking of the workpiece main body frame, and finally carrying the welded workpiece.

The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited by the above embodiments, so: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the present application shall be covered by the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a semi-automatic guide rail welding set which characterized in that: the welding machine comprises a tool (1) for erecting a workpiece and a welding machine (2) for welding the workpiece, wherein a guide rail (13) is arranged on the tool (1), and the welding machine (2) moves along the guide rail (13) and welds the workpiece;

the welding machine (2) comprises a mounting seat (21) which is erected on a guide rail (13) and moves along the guide rail (13), a welding gun (22) and a wire feeding mechanism (5) which are matched with each other are arranged on the mounting seat (21), the wire feeding mechanism (5) comprises a material wheel (24) which is rotatably arranged on the mounting seat (21), welding wires are wound on the material wheel (24), the welding wires drawn out of the material wheel (24) are fed into a wire feeding guide pipe (221) of the welding gun (22), the welding gun (22) and the mounting seat (21) are connected with an adjusting support (71), and the adjusting support (71) is used for adjusting the welding angle of the welding gun (22);

the tool (1) comprises a base (11) for supporting and fixing a workpiece and a mounting bracket (12) for arranging the welding machine (2); the base (11) is provided with a supporting seat (14) in a sliding manner, and the supporting seat (14) is matched with a fixed workpiece in a clamping manner; the mounting bracket (12) is arranged on the base (11) in a sliding manner, and the guide rail (13) is arranged on the mounting bracket (12); the number of the supporting seats (14) is four, a protruding structure (141) which is embedded and matched with the sliding groove (111) is formed at the bottom of each supporting seat (14), and the length of the protruding structure (141) is longer than that of an intersection section (112) formed at the intersection position of the two sliding grooves (111);

a sliding groove (111) is formed in the base (11) along a rectangular diagonal line, the supporting seat (14) is in sliding fit with the sliding groove (111), and a locking mechanism (9) is arranged on the supporting seat (14); a lifting mechanism (3) is arranged on the supporting seat (14), the lifting mechanism (3) comprises a driving piece (31) and an assembling table (32) connected with the driving piece (31), and the assembling table (32) is matched with the driving piece (31) to clamp and fix a workpiece;

the mounting bracket (12) comprises a longitudinal bracket (121) and a transverse bracket (122) which are erected along the length and width directions of the workpiece main body frame, the welding machine (2) is slidably erected on the corresponding longitudinal bracket (121) and transverse bracket (122), and the longitudinal bracket (121) and transverse bracket (122) are in staggered crossing fit; the longitudinal support (121) and the transverse support (122) are both in Jiong-shaped portal structure, and the bottoms of the support columns of the longitudinal support and the transverse support are both provided with walking rollers (16);

the mounting seat (21) is further provided with a detection support (72), the detection support (72) is provided with a welding line cleaner (82), a welding line detector (83) and a metal flaw detector (81), the welding line cleaner (82) comprises a laser cleaning head, the welding line detector (83) comprises an industrial camera, and the metal flaw detector (81) comprises a metal flaw detection head; the detection bracket (72) is used for adjusting the position angles of the welding seam cleaner (82), the welding seam detector (83) and the metal flaw detector (81); the tool (1) further comprises a top support (15) arranged on the mounting support (12) in a spanning mode, an assembly detector (151) is arranged on the top support (15), and the assembly detector (151) comprises an industrial camera;

the axis of the driving piece (31) is vertically arranged and locked and installed at the top end of the corresponding supporting seat (14), the assembling table (32) adopts a composite plate structure formed by welding a plane plate (321) and angle steel (322), and the angle steel (322) is welded at the corner position of the plane plate (321) to form an angle structure;

the locking mechanism (9) comprises two mounting blocks (91) arranged on the side wall of the driving part (31), and the two mounting blocks (91) are arranged on two adjacent side walls of the driving part (31) and are symmetrically arranged relative to the sliding groove (111) on the base (11); the mounting block (91) is vertically arranged, a handle (92) is rotatably mounted at the top position of the mounting block (91), a limiting piece (93) is slidably mounted in the mounting block (91) along the vertical direction of the mounting block, the handle (92) and the limiting piece (93) realize synchronous driving movement through a gear-rack transmission structure, a gear structure is mounted on the handle (92), and the limiting piece (93) is arranged to be a rack structure;

the locking mechanisms (9) are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the sliding groove (111); a guide groove (113) is formed in the base (11) along the extending direction of the sliding groove (111), a guide block (94) which is in sliding fit with the guide groove (113) is arranged on the limiting piece (93), and the guide block (94) moves along the direction vertical to the base (11) under the driving of the limiting piece (93) and is in abutting locking fit with the guide groove (113);

the handle (92) and the driving part (31) form elastic mechanical clamping fit, and the limiting part (93) and the base (11) form abutting locking fit;

one side of the handle (92) facing the mounting block (91) is provided with a protruding structure with an arc transition edge, and the mounting block (91) is provided with a notch structure;

the left end and the right end of the guide block (94) are in sliding abutting fit with corresponding groove edges of the guide groove (113), the guide block (94) moves vertically in the guide groove (113) along the direction perpendicular to the base (11), and the limiting piece (93) moves to drive the guide block (94) to move and form abutting locking fit with the upper groove top or the lower groove bottom of the guide groove (113);

the assembly table (32) is provided with a limiting component (4), the limiting component (4) comprises a rotating handle (41) which horizontally penetrates through a side plate of the angle steel (322) and is in threaded connection with the side plate of the angle steel (322), a propping piece (42) is arranged on the end part of the rotating handle (41) facing one side of the workpiece main body frame, and the propping piece (42) props against and clamps a workpiece on the fixed assembly table (32); the force sensor is arranged on the abutting piece (42) and is used for detecting the extrusion acting force of the abutting piece (42) and the workpiece body frame;

the adjusting bracket (71) and the detecting bracket (72) are used for adjusting positions and angles, and the structures of the adjusting bracket and the detecting bracket are the same;

the adjusting support (71) and the detecting support (72) both comprise a support arm (73) and an adjusting seat (731), the adjusting seat (731) adopts a matching structure of a screw rod, a track and a sliding block to realize driving adjustment, the support arm (73) is connected with the sliding block, the sliding block is in sliding fit with the track and is in threaded connection with the screw rod, and the sliding block is driven by the screw rod to move in a sliding way along the track; the support arm (73) comprises two sections of short arms (732), one end of one section of short arm (732) is rotatably connected with the sliding block and is pressed and locked by a locking piece, the other end of the other section of short arm (732) is rotatably connected and is locked by the locking piece, and the welding gun (22) is vertically inserted into the other end of the other section of short arm (732) and is pressed and locked by the locking piece.

2. A semi-automatic rail welding apparatus as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the wire feeding mechanism (5) further comprises guide wheels, the two guide wheels are arranged into a group of guide groups (51), the two guide wheels of the same guide group (51) are matched with each other to clamp the drawn welding wire, and at least two groups of guide groups (51) are arranged;

the guide wheel in the guide group (51) comprises a fixed wheel (511) and an adjusting wheel (512), the fixed wheel is fixedly arranged, the adjusting wheel is rotatably arranged, a guide groove (513) is formed in the fixed wheel (511), and the drawn welding wire is matched with the guide groove (513) in an embedding manner under the limitation of the adjusting wheel (512).

3. A semi-automatic rail welding apparatus as set forth in claim 2, wherein: the welding wire guiding device is characterized in that a sleeve (52) is arranged on the mounting seat (21), the sleeve (52) is located in the middle of the guiding wheels of any adjacent guiding group (51), the drawn welding wire penetrates through the sleeve (52), and a lining (521) is arranged in the sleeve (52).

4. A semi-automatic rail welding apparatus as set forth in claim 2, wherein: the adjusting mechanism (6) for changing the position of the adjusting wheel (512) is arranged on the mounting seat (21), and the adjusting mechanism (6) comprises a mounting frame (61) rotatably arranged on the mounting seat (21) and a locking assembly (62) for locking the mounting frame (61); the adjusting wheel (512) is rotatably mounted on the mounting frame (61), the locking assembly (62) comprises a locking rod (621) connected with the mounting frame (61), and a locking handle (622) for locking the mounting frame (61) is arranged on the locking rod (621);

one end of the locking rod (621) is hinged to a mounting frame (61) at a far end, the other end and an extending part of the locking rod (621) are in inserting fit with other mounting frames (61), the locking handle (622) is located at one end, inserted into the mounting frame (61), of the locking rod (621), and the locking handle (622) and the locking rod (621) form elastic clamping fit along the extending direction of the locking rod (621); the locking handle (622) is tightly abutted to the mounting frame (61) after being elastically clamped and fixed.

5. The use method of the semi-automatic guide rail welding device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: comprises the following steps of (a) carrying out,

s1, pre-welding; manually welding a workpiece main body frame in advance;

s2, assembling operation; suspending the workpiece main body frame to a base (11), adjusting the position of a supporting seat (14) on the base (11) at the same time until four corner parts of the workpiece main body frame are lapped on corresponding assembling tables (32) and are adapted to the workpiece main body frame, then adjusting the position of the supporting seat (14) until angle steel (322) of the assembling tables (32) is abutted against the workpiece main body frame, and then abutting and fixing the workpiece main body frame through an abutting piece (42) of a limiting component (4);

s3, assembling and inspecting; the assembly detector (151) photographs the assembly table (32) and the workpiece main body frame after clamping and locking, and an operator adjusts the clamping and locking cooperation of the assembly table (32) and the limiting assembly (4) according to a photographed image and detection data of the force sensor so as to adjust the magnitude of the abutting force of the abutting pieces (42), so that the abutting forces of the four abutting pieces (42) are the same, and meanwhile, a large deviation cannot occur on a captured image;

s4, preparing welding; moving the longitudinal bracket (121) and the transverse bracket (122) to corresponding welding positions, and moving the welding machine (2) to an initial welding position;

s5, welding operation; adjusting the position and the angle of the welding gun (22), and moving the welding machine (2) along the pre-planned welding direction by an operator to complete the welding operation;

s6, cleaning welding seams; an operator moves the welding machine (2) reversely, and finishes the cleaning operation of the welding seam through the welding seam cleaner (82);

s7, welding inspection; in the process of reversely moving the welding machine (2), after the welding seam is cleaned, the state of the welding seam is detected by a welding seam detector (83), and the state of a workpiece main body frame is detected by a metal flaw detector (81); if all the requirements are met, the next step is carried out, and if any one of the requirements is not met, rework and maintenance are carried out;

and S8, blanking operation, namely reversely moving the longitudinal support (121) and the transverse support (122), releasing the clamping and locking of the workpiece main body frame, and finally carrying the welded workpiece.