CN113036915A - 一种基于智能网关的园区供用电设备远程监测及控制方法 - Google Patents

一种基于智能网关的园区供用电设备远程监测及控制方法 Download PDF

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CN113036915A
CN113036915A CN202110239314.7A CN202110239314A CN113036915A CN 113036915 A CN113036915 A CN 113036915A CN 202110239314 A CN202110239314 A CN 202110239314A CN 113036915 A CN113036915 A CN 113036915A
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fault
voltage
utilization equipment
circuit
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CN113036915B (zh
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周兴华
钟小强
潘明明
田世明
李义民
游元通
李源非
蔡期塬
孟祥飞
张慧敏
吴乃月
袁成勇
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BEIJING JOIN BRIGHT DIGITAL POWER TECHNOLOGY CO LTD
China Electric Power Research Institute Co Ltd CEPRI
Economic and Technological Research Institute of State Grid Fujian Electric Power Co Ltd
Xiamen Power Supply Co of State Grid Fujian Electric Power Co Ltd
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BEIJING JOIN BRIGHT DIGITAL POWER TECHNOLOGY CO LTD
China Electric Power Research Institute Co Ltd CEPRI
Economic and Technological Research Institute of State Grid Fujian Electric Power Co Ltd
Xiamen Power Supply Co of State Grid Fujian Electric Power Co Ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J13/00Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
    • H02J13/00006Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment
    • H02J13/00022Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment using wireless data transmission
    • H02J13/00026Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment using wireless data transmission involving a local wireless network, e.g. Wi-Fi, ZigBee or Bluetooth
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J13/00Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
    • H02J13/00006Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment
    • H02J13/00028Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment involving the use of Internet protocols
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J13/00Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
    • H02J13/00032Systems characterised by the controlled or operated power network elements or equipment, the power network elements or equipment not otherwise provided for
    • H02J13/00036Systems characterised by the controlled or operated power network elements or equipment, the power network elements or equipment not otherwise provided for the elements or equipment being or involving switches, relays or circuit breakers
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    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00Data switching networks
    • H04L12/28Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
    • H04L12/46Interconnection of networks
    • H04L12/4641Virtual LANs, VLANs, e.g. virtual private networks [VPN]
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    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
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    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W84/00Network topologies
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    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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    • Y02B70/30Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for improving the carbon footprint of the management of residential or tertiary loads, i.e. smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the buildings sector, including also the last stages of power distribution and the control, monitoring or operating management systems at local level
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    • Y04S10/00Systems supporting electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y04S10/50Systems or methods supporting the power network operation or management, involving a certain degree of interaction with the load-side end user applications
    • Y04S10/52Outage or fault management, e.g. fault detection or location
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    • Y04S20/20End-user application control systems
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    • Y04INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
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    • Y04S40/00Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them
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    • Y04INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
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    • Y04S40/00Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种基于智能网关的园区供用电设备远程监测及控制方法,属于配电网故障诊断技术领域,本方法基于物联网智能网关、HPLC+VPN技术和边缘计算,该方法包括:步骤一:园区供用电设备全状态信息数据采集与融合;步骤二:构建多级低压物联网通讯网络自组网;步骤三:利用采集的数据开展边缘计算的设备运行状态实时分析;步骤四:通过步骤三的结果对园区配电室电能质量远程监测及控制,本方法采用基于物联网智能网关实现数据融合,通过对园区供用电设备进行智能化改造,实时监测园区供用电设备、环境和电能质量全息感知,能够保障园区用户安全生产,降低用户的用能成本和经营风险,同时为园区的安全高效稳定运行提供了一种新的参考方法。

Description

一种基于智能网关的园区供用电设备远程监测及控制方法
技术领域
本发明属于配电网故障诊断技术领域,涉及到一种监测及控制方法,具体为基于智能网关的园区供用电设备远程监测及控制方法。
背景技术
园区以高新企业用户为主,在未来的城市规划过程中占据着越来越重要的地位,如何实现园区内供用电设备远程监控分析及远程控制是一个重要问题,目前的园区供用电设备仍存在着智能感知不足,电能质量、设备异动、运行异常等监测不足的问题,从而影响园区的安全高效运行。
发明内容
本发明为了解决上述问题,设计了一种基于智能网关的园区供用电设备远程监测及控制方法,可以保证园区内供电设备安全高效经济运行。
本发明的具体技术方案是:
一种基于智能网关的园区供用电设备远程监测及控制方法,本方法基于物联网智能网关、HPLC+VPN技术和边缘计算,该方法包括:
步骤一:园区供用电设备全状态信息数据采集与融合;
步骤二:构建多级低压物联网通讯网络自组网;
步骤三:利用采集的数据开展边缘计算的设备运行状态实时分析;
步骤四:通过步骤三的结果对园区配电室电能质量远程监测及控制。
步骤一包括:
在园区内各开闭所、配电室、环网柜和电缆分支箱安装电缆触头温度、环境温湿度、门禁开关、电缆沟水浸水位和室内烟感传感器与物联网智能网关以及LTU装置;对园区内配电变压器安装触头温度、环境温湿度、杆塔倾斜传感器以及居民智能电表电压和电流曲线监测装置;对园区中压电缆线路安装温度传感器和绝缘监测装置,架空线安装故障指示器,10kV线路分段/联络开关安装综保装置。
步骤二中,通过安装HPLC通信单元与自动化检测系统两部分,以园区内众多的高压、中压与低压电力线作为网络接入
HPLC通信单元距离的计算公式如下:
d=10((abs(RSSI)-A)/(10*n)) (2-1)
其中,d为发射端和接收端间距离,RSSI为信号接收强度,A为发射端与接收端相距1米时的信号强度,n为环境衰减因子;
若设备与HPLC装置距离较远,导致HPLC传输数据质量较低,可以通过4G/5G无线通信技术进行数据传输,数据传输中SNR的计算公式如下:
Figure BDA0002961530980000021
其中,SNR为信噪比,signal为正常输入信号,noise为噪声信号;
搭建VPN虚拟专用网。
步骤三包括:基于步骤二的HPLC、VPN技术构建多级低压物联网通讯网络自组网技术,在异构计算系统上,应用边缘计算对数据进行并行计算。
步骤四包括,
①通过对园区供用电设备故障历史信息数据进行处理与存取,建立历史故障信息库,包括电压电流幅值、波形、功率因素;
②通过LTU对园区供用电设备的电压、电流数据进行实时采集;
③通过边缘计算在数据采集模块添加电流变化率、电压调整率的计算模块。
首先计算模块对故障信息库电流变化率进行计算,得到不同类型故障的判定条件,若为单相短路、两相短路、两相接地短路不对称故障,经过对称分量法,将不对称量分解变换为对称分量;经过LTU对园区供用电设备的电压、电流数据实时采集后,通过计算模块对电流变化率实时计算,当供用电设备计算达到故障的判定条件时,提前自动判断即将发生短路或者欠压故障,通过物联管控平台将信息传递至智能断路器,切断电路,对故障进行主动处理;当故障处理完成后计算模块主动再次计算电流变化率、电压调整率,若未达到判定条件后通过物联管控平台将信息传递至智能断路器,断路器自动闭合,完成对园区供用电设备故障的在线监测与远程控制。
短路故障后电流变化率的判定条件:
Figure BDA0002961530980000031
其中,Id为短路故障后电流值,Ie为正常工作电流值,τ为自由分量衰减时间常数,自由分量衰减时间常数的计算公式如下:
Figure BDA0002961530980000032
其中KM为短路电流冲击系数,在实用计算中,KM取值为1.8-1.9,当短路点远离发电厂的线路时,取值为1.8;当短路故障发生在变压器上低压侧时,取值为1.3;当短路故障发生在同步机端时,取值为1.9,
欠压故障后电压判定条件:
Figure BDA0002961530980000033
其中,Ue为正常工作电压幅值,Ud为欠压故障后电压幅值,对于园区不同的供用电设备,判定条件各不相同,计算模块对不同的设备故障判定条件进行计算,得到不同的判定值,存储在信息库中,并在新的故障发生后更新信息库,物联管控平台根据不同的供用电设备故障情况对不同位置的智能断路器发送指令,自动切断电路,
短路故障恢复后电流变化率的判定条件:
Figure BDA0002961530980000041
其中,Ig为短路故障恢复后的电流值,短路故障恢复后对电流变化率再次计算,未达到判定条件则说明短路故障恢复,智能断路器合闸;若仍达到判定条件则继续对故障进行恢复,重新计算,直至电流变化率正常,欠压故障恢复后电压调整率的判定条件:
Figure BDA0002961530980000042
其中,Ug为欠压故障恢复后的电压幅值,欠压故障恢复后对电压调整率再次计算,未达到判定条件则说明欠压故障恢复,智能断路器合闸;若仍达到判定条件则继续对故障进行恢复,重新计算,直至电压调整率正常。
本发明的有益效果是:
针对园区供用电设备采用基于物联网智能网关、HPLC+VPN及边缘计算等技术,通过对园区供用电设备进行智能化改造,实时监测园区供用电设备、环境和电能质量全息感知,实现园区内供用电设备远程监控分析及远程控制,提出一种基于智能网关的园区供用电设备远程监测及控制方法。
本方法结合园区内供用电设备,采用基于物联网智能网关实现数据融合,通过对园区供用电设备进行智能化改造,实时监测园区供用电设备、环境和电能质量全息感知,能够保障园区用户安全生产,降低用户的用能成本和经营风险,同时为园区的安全高效稳定运行提供了一种新的参考方法。
附图说明
图1本发明的方法流程图。
具体实施方式
以下结合具体实施例及附图对本发明的技术方案作进一步详细的描述,但本发明的保护范围及实施方式不限于此。
一种基于智能网关的园区供用电设备远程监测及控制方法,本方法基于物联网智能网关、HPLC+VPN技术和边缘计算,该方法包括:
步骤一:园区供用电设备全状态信息数据采集与融合;
步骤二:构建多级低压物联网通讯网络自组网;
步骤三:利用采集的数据开展边缘计算的设备运行状态实时分析;
步骤四:通过步骤三的结果对园区配电室电能质量远程监测及控制。
步骤一包括:
在园区内各开闭所、配电室、环网柜和电缆分支箱安装电缆触头温度、环境温湿度、门禁开关、电缆沟水浸水位和室内烟感传感器与物联网智能网关以及LTU装置;对园区内配电变压器安装触头温度、环境温湿度、杆塔倾斜传感器以及居民智能电表电压和电流曲线监测装置;对园区中压电缆线路安装温度传感器和绝缘监测装置,架空线安装故障指示器,10kV线路分段/联络开关安装综保装置。
步骤二中,通过安装HPLC通信单元与自动化检测系统两部分,以园区内众多的高压、中压与低压电力线作为网络接入
HPLC通信单元距离的计算公式如下:
d=10((abs(RSSI)-A)/(10*n)) (2-1)
其中,d为发射端和接收端间距离,RSSI为信号接收强度,A为发射端与接收端相距1米时的信号强度,n为环境衰减因子;
若设备与HPLC装置距离较远,导致HPLC传输数据质量较低,可以通过4G/5G无线通信技术进行数据传输,数据传输中SNR的计算公式如下:
Figure BDA0002961530980000061
其中,SNR为信噪比,signal为正常输入信号,noise为噪声信号;
搭建VPN虚拟专用网。
步骤三包括:基于步骤二的HPLC、VPN技术构建多级低压物联网通讯网络自组网技术,在异构计算系统上,应用边缘计算对数据进行并行计算。
步骤四包括,
①通过对园区供用电设备故障历史信息数据进行处理与存取,建立历史故障信息库,包括电压电流幅值、波形、功率因素;
②通过LTU对园区供用电设备的电压、电流数据进行实时采集;
③通过边缘计算在数据采集模块添加电流变化率、电压调整率的计算模块。
首先计算模块对故障信息库电流变化率进行计算,得到不同类型故障的判定条件,若为单相短路、两相短路、两相接地短路不对称故障,经过对称分量法,将不对称量分解变换为对称分量;经过LTU对园区供用电设备的电压、电流数据实时采集后,通过计算模块对电流变化率实时计算,当供用电设备计算达到故障的判定条件时,提前自动判断即将发生短路或者欠压故障,通过物联管控平台将信息传递至智能断路器,切断电路,对故障进行主动处理;当故障处理完成后计算模块主动再次计算电流变化率、电压调整率,若未达到判定条件后通过物联管控平台将信息传递至智能断路器,断路器自动闭合,完成对园区供用电设备故障的在线监测与远程控制。
短路故障后电流变化率的判定条件:
Figure BDA0002961530980000071
其中,Id为短路故障后电流值,Ie为正常工作电流值,τ为自由分量衰减时间常数,自由分量衰减时间常数的计算公式如下:
Figure BDA0002961530980000072
其中KM为短路电流冲击系数,在实用计算中,KM取值为1.8-1.9,当短路点远离发电厂的线路时,取值为1.8;当短路故障发生在变压器上低压侧时,取值为1.3;当短路故障发生在同步机端时,取值为1.9,
欠压故障后电压判定条件:
Figure BDA0002961530980000073
其中,Ue为正常工作电压幅值,Ud为欠压故障后电压幅值,对于园区不同的供用电设备,判定条件各不相同,计算模块对不同的设备故障判定条件进行计算,得到不同的判定值,存储在信息库中,并在新的故障发生后更新信息库,物联管控平台根据不同的供用电设备故障情况对不同位置的智能断路器发送指令,自动切断电路,
短路故障恢复后电流变化率的判定条件:
Figure BDA0002961530980000074
其中,Ig为短路故障恢复后的电流值,短路故障恢复后对电流变化率再次计算,未达到判定条件则说明短路故障恢复,智能断路器合闸;若仍达到判定条件则继续对故障进行恢复,重新计算,直至电流变化率正常,欠压故障恢复后电压调整率的判定条件:
Figure BDA0002961530980000081
其中,Ug为欠压故障恢复后的电压幅值,欠压故障恢复后对电压调整率再次计算,未达到判定条件则说明欠压故障恢复,智能断路器合闸;若仍达到判定条件则继续对故障进行恢复,重新计算,直至电压调整率正常。
园区供用电设备全状态信息数据采集与融合。对园区内开闭所、环网柜、分支箱、中压线路等安装各类型感知装置及物联网智能网关部署,实现各类型感知装置-物联网智能网关-智慧物联平台的数据采集、数据上传等联合调试工作,实现园区供用电设备各类数据汇聚、共享共用。
①对园区内开闭所安装电缆触头温度、环境温湿度、门禁开关、电缆沟水浸水位、室内烟感传感器与物联网智能网关,实现开闭所环境信息在线监测数据的实时上传与应用;并在开闭所电缆进线安装LTU装置,实现开闭所电压、电流、功率、功率因数等数据采集、实时上传与应用。
②对园区内配电室安装电缆触头温度、环境温湿度、门禁开关、电缆沟水浸水位、烟感等传感器与物联网智能网关,实现环网柜环境信息在线监测数据的实时上传与应用;并在配电室电缆进线安装LTU装置,实现开闭所电压、电流、功率、功率因数等数据采集、实时上传与应用。
③对园区内环网柜安装电缆触头温度、环境温湿度、烟感等传感器与物联网智能网关,实现环网柜环境信息在线监测数据的实时上传与应用;并在环网柜电缆进线安装LTU装置,实现开闭所电压、电流、功率、功率因数等数据采集、实时上传与应用。
④对园区内电缆分支箱安装电缆触头温度、环境温湿度、烟感等传感器与物联网智能网关,实现电缆分支箱环境信息在线监测数据的实时上传与应用;并在电缆分支箱电缆进线安装LTU装置,实现开闭所电压、电流、功率、功率因数等数据采集、实时上传与应用。
⑤对园区配电变压器安装触头温度、环境温湿度、杆塔倾斜等传感器,安装居民智能电表电压、电流等曲线监测,实现配电变压器数据的实时上传与应用。
⑥对园区中压电缆线路安装温度传感器和绝缘监测,架空线安装故障指示器,10kV线路分段/联络开关安装综保装置,实现居民中压线路数据的实时上传与应用。
利用4G/5G、HPLC+VPN等技术构建多级低压物联网通讯网络自组网。通过安装HPLC通信单元与自动化检测系统两部分,以园区内众多的高压、中压与低压电力线作为网络接入方案,进行海量数据传输。HPLC通信单元内部包含信号调制解调电路、数字信号处理电路、CPU与模拟前端、抗噪声干扰装置等,可对自动增益及RSSI、子载波的SNR进行计算;HPLC自动化检测系统主要包含外观检查、系统输送、数据自动输入输出、功能检测与图像识别技术等功能单元,对HPLC通信单元进行自动化监测,保证海量数据传输的稳定性。
对于不同类型的线路HPLC通信单元传输距离也不相同,电缆线路传输距离不超过2公里,架空线传输距离可达10公里。在园区电力线安装HPLC通信单元与自动化检测系统时要注意最大传输距离,保证数据稳定采集与传输。HPLC通信单元在安装时可分布式或集中式灵活切换,提高数据传输效率。HPLC通信单元距离的计算公式如下:
d=10∧((abs(RSSI)-A)/(10*n)) (2-1)
其中,d为发射端和接收端间距离,RSSI为信号接收强度,A为发射端与接收端相距1米时的信号强度,n为环境衰减因子。若设备与HPLC装置距离较远,导致HPLC传输数据质量较低,可以通过4G/5G无线通信技术进行数据传输。数据传输中SNR的计算公式如下:
Figure BDA0002961530980000101
其中,SNR为信噪比,signal为正常输入信号,noise为噪声信号,SNR越大,说明混在信号里的噪声越小,数据质量越高。当SNR比正常值低时,通过增加滤波器进行降噪处理。园区通过安装HPLC通信模块,可以实现智能设备终端、计算机、各类传感器、智能断路器、智能电表等的通信网络连接和数据采集融合,将采集到的电压、电流、功率、功率因数等海量运行数据进行实时传输和监测。
VPN是虚拟专用网,通过一个公用网络(通常是因特网)建立一个临时的、安全的连接,可以实现园区大量用户的因特网接入;并且结合身份认证技术、密匙管理技术、隧道技术等,安全性能非常良好。可通过VPN技术实现园区内供用电设备与物联网智能网关的的园区电力物联网,对园区供用电设备进行实时监测与控制。VPN的安装和配置步骤如下:
①通过提高计算机的硬件和软件配置,构建一个安全稳定的VPN服务器操作系统平台。
②选择标准版本ISA Server并安装,启用VPN服务器。
③检查网络规则和防火墙策略,建立VPN远程访问规则。
④设置ISA Server服务器账号、密码,实现VPN网络用户远程安全拨入。
⑤对VPN客户端进行配置,实现远程访问。
利用采集的数据开展边缘计算的设备运行状态实时分析。边缘计算指靠近设备或者网络的边缘侧进行分析计算数据,这种计算模型更加高效,完成对配变重过载与低电压状态监测、设备异常报警分析。但是对数据也提出了更高的要求,要求数据具有更精确的时间同步性、异构系统互联、更加智能化等。基于步骤(2)的HPLC、VPN等技术构建多级低压物联网通讯网络自组网技术,正好解决了以上问题。边缘计算硬件包括边缘服务器、边缘一体机与边缘网关三部分。边缘服务器是边缘计算的主要载体,可以安装在电力公司配电机房,对园区供用电设备运行状态进行实时计算与分析;边缘一体机将网络、计算、虚拟化等集成到一个机柜中,对大量的边缘站点进行维护;边缘网关配合边缘服务器和边缘一体机,实现网络协议接入、数据采集与处理等功能。通过在园区安装边缘计算硬件设备实时监测实时监测配电变压器运行情况与进线、受总开关位置等。
边缘计算主要采取异构计算来满足对各种业务计算的需求,异构计算即在异构计算系统上对数据进行并行计算。异构计算可以支持simd方式的单独计算机,也可以对HPLC、VPN等物联网通讯网络自组网互联的独立计算机进行计算。根据不同需求,使用代码段进行高效计算与分析。异构计算系统包括异构机器、网关和计算支撑软件。异构计算步骤如下:
①对采集各种园区设备数据特征进行分类,基准程序生成对应的数据性能矩阵和通信带宽矩阵,并估算各子任务的计算量和子任务间通信量,生成相应的任务dag图。
②根据dag和数据性能矩阵计算出每个子任务在各设备上的执行时间,生成时间性能矩阵;根据通信性能矩阵和子任务的通信量计算各子任务间的通信时间,生成通信时间矩阵。
③根据前两个阶段结果,给出各子任务到各设备的映射和符合任务dag图偏序关系的调度,对设备状态进行实时分析。

Claims (7)

1.一种基于智能网关的园区供用电设备远程监测及控制方法,本方法基于物联网智能网关、HPLC+VPN技术和边缘计算,其特征在于:该方法包括:
步骤一:园区供用电设备全状态信息数据采集与融合;
步骤二:构建多级低压物联网通讯网络自组网;
步骤三:利用采集的数据开展边缘计算的设备运行状态实时分析;
步骤四:通过步骤三的结果对园区配电室电能质量远程监测及控制。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种基于智能网关的园区供用电设备远程监测及控制方法,其特征在于:步骤一包括:
在园区内各开闭所、配电室、环网柜和电缆分支箱安装电缆触头温度、环境温湿度、门禁开关、电缆沟水浸水位和室内烟感传感器与物联网智能网关以及LTU装置;对园区内配电变压器安装触头温度、环境温湿度、杆塔倾斜传感器以及居民智能电表电压和电流曲线监测装置;对园区中压电缆线路安装温度传感器和绝缘监测装置,架空线安装故障指示器,10kV线路分段/联络开关安装综保装置。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种基于智能网关的园区供用电设备远程监测及控制方法,其特征在于:
步骤二中,通过安装HPLC通信单元与自动化检测系统两部分,以园区内众多的高压、中压与低压电力线作为网络接入
HPLC通信单元距离的计算公式如下:
d=10∧((abs(RSSI)-A)/(10*n)) (2-1)
其中,d为发射端和接收端间距离,RSSI为信号接收强度,A为发射端与接收端相距1米时的信号强度,n为环境衰减因子;
若设备与HPLC装置距离较远,导致HPLC传输数据质量较低,可以通过4G/5G无线通信技术进行数据传输,数据传输中SNR的计算公式如下:
Figure FDA0002961530970000021
其中,SNR为信噪比,signal为正常输入信号,noise为噪声信号;
搭建VPN虚拟专用网。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种基于智能网关的园区供用电设备远程监测及控制方法,其特征在于:
步骤三包括:基于步骤二的HPLC、VPN技术构建多级低压物联网通讯网络自组网技术,在异构计算系统上,应用边缘计算对数据进行并行计算。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种基于智能网关的园区供用电设备远程监测及控制方法,其特征在于:
步骤四包括,
①通过对园区供用电设备故障历史信息数据进行处理与存取,建立历史故障信息库,包括电压电流幅值、波形、功率因素;
②通过LTU对园区供用电设备的电压、电流数据进行实时采集;
③通过边缘计算在数据采集模块添加电流变化率、电压调整率的计算模块。
6.根据权利要求5所述的一种基于智能网关的园区供用电设备远程监测及控制方法,其特征在于:
首先计算模块对故障信息库电流变化率进行计算,得到不同类型故障的判定条件,若为单相短路、两相短路、两相接地短路不对称故障,经过对称分量法,将不对称量分解变换为对称分量;经过LTU对园区供用电设备的电压、电流数据实时采集后,通过计算模块对电流变化率实时计算,当供用电设备计算达到故障的判定条件时,提前自动判断即将发生短路或者欠压故障,通过物联管控平台将信息传递至智能断路器,切断电路,对故障进行主动处理;当故障处理完成后计算模块主动再次计算电流变化率、电压调整率,若未达到判定条件后通过物联管控平台将信息传递至智能断路器,断路器自动闭合,完成对园区供用电设备故障的在线监测与远程控制。
7.根据权利要求6所述的一种基于智能网关的园区供用电设备远程监测及控制方法,其特征在于:
短路故障后电流变化率的判定条件:
Figure FDA0002961530970000031
其中,Id为短路故障后电流值,Ie为正常工作电流值,τ为自由分量衰减时间常数,自由分量衰减时间常数的计算公式如下:
Figure FDA0002961530970000032
其中KM为短路电流冲击系数,在实用计算中,KM取值为1.8-1.9,当短路点远离发电厂的线路时,取值为1.8;当短路故障发生在变压器上低压侧时,取值为1.3;当短路故障发生在同步机端时,取值为1.9,
欠压故障后电压判定条件:
Figure FDA0002961530970000033
其中,Ue为正常工作电压幅值,Ud为欠压故障后电压幅值,对于园区不同的供用电设备,判定条件各不相同,计算模块对不同的设备故障判定条件进行计算,得到不同的判定值,存储在信息库中,并在新的故障发生后更新信息库,物联管控平台根据不同的供用电设备故障情况对不同位置的智能断路器发送指令,自动切断电路,
短路故障恢复后电流变化率的判定条件:
Figure FDA0002961530970000041
其中,Ig为短路故障恢复后的电流值,短路故障恢复后对电流变化率再次计算,未达到判定条件则说明短路故障恢复,智能断路器合闸;若仍达到判定条件则继续对故障进行恢复,重新计算,直至电流变化率正常,欠压故障恢复后电压调整率的判定条件:
Figure FDA0002961530970000042
其中,Ug为欠压故障恢复后的电压幅值,欠压故障恢复后对电压调整率再次计算,未达到判定条件则说明欠压故障恢复,智能断路器合闸;若仍达到判定条件则继续对故障进行恢复,重新计算,直至电压调整率正常。
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