CN113019542A

CN113019542A - Method for crushing solid wet garbage after solid-liquid separation of kitchen swill

Info

Publication number: CN113019542A
Application number: CN202110366852.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 孟行健
Original assignee: Anhui Tianjian Environmental Protection Co ltd
Current assignee: Anhui Tianjian Environmental Protection Co ltd
Priority date: 2019-11-27
Filing date: 2019-11-27
Publication date: 2021-06-25
Also published as: CN111036338B; CN111036338A

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for crushing solid wet garbage after solid-liquid separation of kitchen swill. The crushing method comprises the following steps: detecting the first accumulated amount of wet garbage entering a preset rolling space within a preset time period; detecting the second accumulated amount of the wet garbage leaving the preset rolling space within a preset time period; calculating the cumulant difference of the cumulant one and the cumulant two; judging whether the accumulated difference is between the first preset crushing amount and the second preset crushing amount, if so, cleaning the roll surface of the crushing roll, and otherwise, judging whether the accumulated difference is between the second preset crushing amount and the third preset crushing amount; if the crushing amount is between the second preset crushing amount and the third preset crushing amount, cleaning the roller surface of the crushing roller, increasing the rotating speed of the crushing motor according to the difference value between the cumulative difference and the third preset crushing amount, otherwise, judging whether the cumulative difference is greater than the third preset crushing amount, and if so, driving the crushing motor to stop rotating. The invention improves the treatment efficiency, the crushing speed and the energy utilization rate, protects the crushing motor and prolongs the service life of the crushing motor.

Description

Method for crushing solid wet garbage after solid-liquid separation of kitchen swill

The invention relates to a swill harmless three-phase separation method and a divisional application of a three-phase separation device thereof, wherein the application number is CN 201911178086.6, the application date is 2019/11/27.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a crushing method in the technical field of kitchen waste treatment, in particular to a crushing method of solid wet waste obtained by solid-liquid separation of kitchen swill.

Background

Swill is a domestic waste formed in the process of domestic consumption of residents, and various organic substances contained in the swill are extremely easy to corrode in summer; the contents of the residual vegetable soup, the rancidy water and the like are large, and the pollution is easily caused in the process of collecting and transporting the garbage; meanwhile, kitchen swill is also a main source of leachate in a refuse landfill and is also an important reason for atmospheric pollution and fly breeding; swill pigs fed by swill and extracted swill oil flow to the market and seriously harm the health of human beings. A large amount of kitchen swill has become a main source of urban pollution and harm to human health.

At present, two common kitchen swill collection modes are available at home and abroad, wherein the kitchen swill is directly recovered, namely, treated in a centralized way; secondly, the source is recycled after dehydration and reduction treatment, namely source treatment. The treatment methods mainly include chemical methods and biological methods. The chemical method utilizes chemical reaction, decomposes organic substances of swill by adding chemical substances, and then buries the swill. The method has the advantages of simplicity and high efficiency, and has the defects that a large amount of useful substances in the swill are wasted and secondary pollution is easily caused. The biological method converts kitchen swill into organic compound fertilizer for agricultural production through a series of treatment procedures. The method conforms to the reduction, harmless and recycling guidelines, and has the defects of high treatment cost, long production period and unobvious economic benefit. Therefore, the existing kitchen swill treatment method has the problems that the water content of discharged materials is difficult to control, and large particles of swill easily cause blockage.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to improve the treatment efficiency of wet garbage, improve the crushing speed of garbage, improve the utilization rate of cleaning resources and energy, protect a crushing motor and prolong the service life of the crushing motor, the invention provides a method for crushing solid wet garbage after solid-liquid separation of kitchen swill.

The invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a kitchen swill is solid-state wet rubbish crushing method behind solid-liquid separation, it adopts a crushing system to wet rubbish is broken in order to obtain broken product, crushing system includes:

the two crushing rollers are axially arranged in parallel, two ends of each crushing roller are aligned, and a preset rolling space is formed between the two crushing rollers; the wet garbage enters from the same side of the two crushing rollers and leaves from the same side of the two crushing rollers after being rolled by the preset rolling space; and

the crushing motor is used for driving the crushing roller to rotate;

the crushing method comprises the following steps:

detecting the accumulation amount I of wet garbage entering the preset rolling space within a preset time period; wherein the detection method of the first cumulative quantity comprises the following steps: enabling the wet garbage to slide into the preset rolling space through a first sliding plate; detecting the weight of wet garbage on the first sliding plate; calculating the cumulant one, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:

in the formula, V₁Is the cumulative amount one, t is the duration of the preset time period, v₁Is the gliding speed L of the wet garbage on the first sliding plate₁For the sliding length of the wet waste on the first sliding plate, a₁The weight of wet garbage on the first sliding plate;

secondly, detecting the accumulation amount II of the wet garbage leaving the preset rolling space in the preset time period; the method for detecting the second accumulation amount comprises the following steps: enabling the wet garbage leaving from the preset grinding space to slide down through a second sliding plate; detecting the weight of the wet garbage on the second sliding plate; calculating the cumulant two, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:

in the formula, V₂Is the cumulative amount of two, v₂Is the gliding speed L of the wet garbage on the second sliding plate₂The sliding length of the wet garbage on the second sliding plate a₂The weight of the wet garbage on the sliding plate II is calculated;

thirdly, calculating the cumulative difference between the first cumulative quantity and the second cumulative quantity; wherein the calculation formula of the cumulative difference is as follows:

wherein Δ is the cumulative difference;

fourthly, judging whether the cumulant difference is larger than a preset crushing amount I and not larger than a preset crushing amount II;

fifthly, when the cumulant is larger than the first preset crushing amount and not larger than the second preset crushing amount, cleaning the roll surface of the crushing roll;

when the cumulative difference is larger than the second preset crushing amount, judging whether the cumulative difference is larger than the second preset crushing amount and not larger than a third preset crushing amount;

seventhly, when the cumulative difference is larger than the second preset crushing amount and not larger than a third preset crushing amount, cleaning the roller surface of the crushing roller, and increasing the rotating speed of a crushing motor according to the difference value of the cumulative difference and the third preset crushing amount; wherein the increase in the rotational speed is positively correlated with the difference;

eighthly, judging whether the cumulant difference is larger than the preset crushing amount III;

and ninthly, driving the crushing motor to stop rotating when the cumulative difference is larger than the preset crushing amount III.

As a further improvement of the above solution, the crushed product is directionally moved in a sieve tube by a screw rod so as to squeeze and dewater the crushed product.

Preferably, before the crushed products are extruded, the crushed products are stirred by at least one group of stirring assemblies in a hopper, the hopper is used for containing the crushed products, and the discharge end of the hopper is used for supplying materials to a sieve tube; the stirring assembly is installed in the hopper and is used for stirring the crushed product in the hopper.

Preferably, when the crushed product is extruded and dehydrated, firstly detecting the flow of the kitchen swill output from the funnel, and then adjusting the rotating speed of the screw rod according to the flow to ensure that the rotating speed and the flow change according to the corresponding relation in a preset adjusting table; and the rotating speed and the flow rate have a one-to-one corresponding relationship in the adjusting table.

Preferably, the crushed product after extrusion dehydration is subjected to dry-humidity adjustment of extrusion discharging through a locking mechanism, so that extrusion discharging with the water content reaching a preset dry-humidity is obtained.

Preferably, the locking mechanism comprises a locking shell, a discharging assembly, a spring and at least one pressure block; the locking shell is arranged on the discharge end of the sieve tube and is provided with a circular through groove communicated with the inside of the sieve tube; the discharging assembly comprises a pressing rod and a discharging block; the discharging block is in a round table structure and is coaxially connected with the screw rod; the discharging block is positioned in the circular through groove, the thinner end of the discharging block is positioned in the sieve tube, and the thicker end of the discharging block is positioned in the locking shell; the pressure bar is coaxially connected with the discharging block and is rotatably arranged in the locking shell; the spring is sleeved on the pressure rod, and one end of the spring is propped against the material placing block; the pressure block is sleeved on the pressure rod and used for providing axial pressure to the other end of the spring, so that the discharge block is limited in the circular through groove by the spring, and a gap between the discharge block and the locking shell is negatively related to the axial pressure.

Preferably, the screw rod and the pressure rod are integrally formed, and the discharging block is sleeved on the pressure rod; the pressure block is in threaded connection with the pressure rod and pushes the spring to move along the axial direction of the pressure rod through rotation, so that the material discharging block moves along the axial direction of the pressure rod to change the gap.

As a further improvement of the scheme, the roller surface of the crushing roller is provided with a convex structure.

As a further improvement of the scheme, the roller surface of the crushing roller is provided with wear-resistant paint.

As a further improvement of the above solution, the crushing motor is connected with the crushing roller through a gear box.

Compared with the conventional method for crushing the solid wet garbage of the kitchen swill after solid-liquid separation, the method for crushing the solid wet garbage of the kitchen swill after solid-liquid separation has the following beneficial effects:

1. the wet garbage feeding device can detect the feeding amount of wet garbage in a period of time, synchronously detect the discharging amount of the wet garbage in the period of time, and finally calculate the difference value between the feeding amount and the discharging amount by the calculating module so as to be convenient for the crushing controller to judge. And comparing the accumulated difference with each preset range, and respectively processing: (1) when the accumulated difference is not more than the preset crushing amount, the crushing roller does not have excessive garbage attached, the cleaning can be omitted, the rotating speed of a crushing motor does not need to be increased, and the waste of cleaning water and crushing energy is avoided; (2) when the accumulated difference is greater than the first preset crushing amount and not greater than the second preset crushing amount, a certain amount of garbage is attached to the roller surface, the fact that the roller surface needs to be washed is indicated, and the crushing controller controls the washing mechanism to wash; (3) when the accumulated difference is larger than the second preset crushing amount and smaller than the third preset crushing amount, the attached garbage on the roller surface is further increased, so that the crushing controller not only needs to wash the roller surface, but also needs to increase the rotating speed of a crushing motor so as to accelerate the treatment speed of the wet garbage; (4) when the accumulated difference is larger than the third preset crushing amount, excessive wet garbage exists in the preset rolling space, and the crushing motor is seriously damaged, so that the crushing motor stops working by the crushing controller. Therefore, the three-phase separation method can improve the treatment efficiency of wet garbage, improve the crushing speed of the garbage, improve the utilization rate of cleaning resources and energy, protect a crushing motor and prolong the service life of the crushing motor;

2. the invention rolls the wet garbage separated from the kitchen swill through the roller surfaces of the two crushing rollers, so that the larger garbage can be crushed into fine garbage, the blockage of the subsequent extrusion and other processes caused by large particles of the swill can be avoided, the kitchen swill can move along the same direction by utilizing the rotation of the screw rods in the plurality of extrusion cavities, the kitchen swill can be extruded, extruded water can flow out from the water outlet, simultaneously the locking shell of the locking mechanism is connected with the extrusion shell, the circular through groove can be extruded and discharged, the discharging block can be propped against the circular through groove under the action of the spring and the pressure rod, the formed gap can be extruded by extrusion and discharge, and simultaneously, the discharging block is in a circular platform-shaped structure, the depth of the discharging block inserted in the circular through groove determines the size of the gap, so that the discharging amount of the extrusion and discharge can be controlled, and the water content of the discharge can be adjusted, also can increase the load when the ejection of compact is accelerated to the needs to realize the control to the moisture content, make the material that extrudes reach required standard.

The beneficial effects of the swill harmless three-phase separation device are the same as those of the swill harmless three-phase separation method, and are not repeated herein.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a harmless three-phase separation method of swill in embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a swill three-phase separating device corresponding to the swill harmless three-phase separating method in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a crushing system of the swill three-phase separating device shown in FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of an extrusion system of the swill three-phase separation device shown in FIG. 2;

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the compression system of FIG. 4 with portions broken away;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an oil separation tank of the oil-water separation system of the swill three-phase separation device in FIG. 2;

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of an oil-water separation system of the swill three-phase separation device shown in FIG. 2;

FIG. 8 is a partial perspective view of the oil water separation system of FIG. 7.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

Example 1

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the present embodiment provides a harmless three-phase separation method for swill, which can be implemented by using a swill three-phase separation device. Wherein, this swill three-phase separator includes support body 1, letter sorting system, broken system, extrusion system and oil-water separation system, still includes the pan feeding system. In this embodiment, the three-phase separation method for harmless swill includes the following steps.

Step one, hard foreign matters in the kitchen waste are sorted out, and solid-liquid separation is carried out on the remaining kitchen swill to obtain solid wet waste and liquid oil-water mixture. In this embodiment, a sorting system is used for sorting. The sorting system is used for sorting and separating the kitchen waste to remove hard foreign matters and obtain solid wet waste and liquid oil-water mixture. Wherein, letter sorting system includes letter sorting platform 2 and otter board 3. The sorting platform 2 is installed on the frame body 1 and used for containing kitchen swill. Sorting platform 2 can be funnel-shaped, and it can hold the kitchen swill/kitchen garbage of empting from garbage bin 5. The screen plate 3 is arranged on the sorting platform 2 and is used for solid-liquid separation of kitchen swill. In this embodiment, the mesh plate 3 is disposed at the lowest point of the sorting platform 2, so that the liquid in the kitchen swill/kitchen garbage can flow out, and the solid and part of the liquid adhered to the solid can be left on the sorting platform 2.

And step two, conveying the wet garbage to a crushing system for crushing to obtain a crushed product. Referring to fig. 3, the crushing system includes a crushing roller 32 and a crushing motor. The number of the crushing rollers 32 is at least two, and the crushing rollers 32 are rotatably mounted on the frame body 1. The two crushing rolls 32 are arranged in parallel in the axial direction, and the two ends of the two crushing rolls are aligned and separated by a preset rolling space. Wherein, wet rubbish enters from the same side of two crushing rollers 32, and leaves from the same side of two crushing rollers 32 after rolling through the preset rolling space. In this embodiment, the crushing roller 32 is rotatably mounted in the crushing shell 48, and the roller surface of the crushing roller 32 may be provided with a wear-resistant coating, which ensures a long-term use of the roller surface. In other embodiments, the roll surface of the crushing roller 32 may be provided with a convex structure, which can cut the meal or other solid composition in the kitchen waste, so that the kitchen waste can be sufficiently rolled and decomposed.

The crushing motor is mounted on the frame body 1 and is used for driving the crushing roller 32 to rotate. The crushing motor can be connected with the crushing roller 32 through the gear box, can provide big moment of torsion for the crushing roller 32 for two crushing rollers 32 can fully carry out the roll-in to the kitchen swill. Of course, the crushing motor may also be arranged directly outside the crushing shell 48, with its output shaft inserted into the crushing shell 48 and coaxially connected with one of the crushing rollers 32. The operating power of the crushing motor can be selected according to actual crushing requirements, namely when the crushing system is a small-sized crushing device, the crushing motor can adopt a low-power motor, and when the crushing system is a large-sized crushing device, the crushing motor needs to be replaced by a high-power motor.

In this embodiment, in the second step, the method for crushing wet garbage includes the following steps:

(1) detecting the first accumulated amount of wet garbage entering a preset rolling space within a preset time period; the detection method of the accumulation amount I comprises the following steps: the wet garbage slides into a preset rolling space through a first sliding plate 43; detecting the weight of the wet garbage on the first sliding plate 43 (which can be realized by a first weighing sensor 44); calculating the first accumulated amount, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:

in the formula, V₁Is the cumulative amount one, t is the duration of a preset time period, v₁The gliding speed L of the wet garbage on the first sliding plate 43₁For the sliding length of wet garbage on the first sliding plate 43, a₁The weight of the wet garbage on the first sliding plate 43;

(2) detecting the second accumulated amount of the wet garbage leaving the preset rolling space within a preset time period; the method for detecting the second accumulation amount comprises the following steps: the wet garbage leaving from the preset grinding space slides down through the second sliding plate 45; detecting the weight of the wet garbage on the second sliding plate 45 (which can be realized by the second weighing sensor 46); and calculating the cumulant two, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:

in the formula, V₂Is a cumulative amount of two, v₂The sliding speed L of the wet garbage on the second sliding plate 45₂The sliding length of the wet garbage on the second sliding plate 45, a₂The weight of the wet garbage on the second sliding plate 45;

(3) calculating the accumulation difference of the first accumulation amount and the second accumulation amount; wherein, the calculation formula of the cumulant difference is as follows:

wherein Δ is the cumulative difference;

(4) judging whether the cumulant difference is greater than a preset crushing amount I and not greater than a preset crushing amount II;

(5) when the accumulated difference is greater than the first preset crushing amount and not greater than the second preset crushing amount, cleaning the roll surface of the crushing roll 32;

(6) judging whether the cumulant difference is larger than a second preset crushing amount and not larger than a third preset crushing amount;

(7) when the cumulative difference is greater than the second preset crushing amount and not greater than the third preset crushing amount, cleaning the roll surface of the crushing roll 32, and increasing the rotating speed of a crushing motor according to the difference value between the cumulative difference and the third preset crushing amount; wherein the increase value of the rotation speed is positively correlated with the difference value;

(8) judging whether the cumulant difference is larger than a third preset crushing amount;

(9) and when the cumulative difference is larger than the third preset crushing amount, driving the crushing motor to stop rotating.

Step three, referring to fig. 4 and fig. 5, the screw rod 54 makes the crushed product move directionally in the sieve tube 70 to extrude and dewater the crushed product, and the locking mechanism adjusts the dryness and humidity of the extruded material to obtain the extruded material with the water content reaching a preset dryness and humidity. Of course, in this embodiment, the crushed product is also agitated in the hopper 64 by at least one set of agitation assemblies prior to being extruded. The funnel 64 is used to contain the broken product and the discharge end is used to feed the screen 70. An agitation assembly is mounted in the hopper 64 and is used to agitate the crushed product located in the hopper 64. Furthermore, the present step further performs the steps of: firstly, detecting the flow of the kitchen swill flowing from the funnel 64 to the extrusion cavity 53, and then adjusting the rotating speed of the screw rod 54 according to the flow so as to change the rotating speed and the flow according to the corresponding relation in a preset adjusting table; wherein, the corresponding relation of one-to-one correspondence exists between the rotating speed and the flow in the adjusting table.

Wherein the locking mechanism comprises a locking shell 57, a discharging component, a spring 58 and at least one pressure block 59. The locking case 57 is mounted on the other end of the pressing case 52 and is opened with a circular through groove 60 communicating with the pressing chamber 53. The discharging assembly comprises a pressing rod 61 and a discharging block 62. The discharge block 62 is of a circular truncated cone structure and is coaxially connected to the screw rod 54. A discharge block 62 is located in the circular through-slot 60 with a thinner end located in the extrusion chamber 53 and a thicker end located in the lock housing 57. The pressing rod 61 is coaxially connected with the discharging block 62 and is rotatably installed in the locking shell 57. The locking shell 57 can be used as a discharging mechanism, the circular through groove 60 is arranged for extruding, discharging and separating, the discharging function of dry materials is realized, and the discharging block can be propped in the circular through groove 60 under the action of the spring 58 and the pressure rod 61, the gap formed in this way can be extruded by extrusion discharge, and because the discharge block 62 is of a truncated cone structure, the depth of the pressure block inserted in the circular through groove 60 determines the size of the gap, when the discharging amount needs to be adjusted, the pressure block can generate a pushing force on the spring 58, so that the spring drives the discharging block 62 to move in the axial direction of the screw rod 54, the size of the gap is adjusted, thereby changing the discharge amount, so that the locking mechanism can control the discharge amount of extrusion discharge, further adjusting the water content of the discharge, the discharge amount can be increased when the discharge is required to be accelerated, and the gap can be reduced when the water content is too high, so that the discharge amount is reduced.

In the present embodiment, the screw rod 54 is integrally formed with the pressing rod 61, and the discharge block 62 is fitted over the pressing rod 61. The spring 58 is sleeved on the pressure rod 61, and one end of the spring is abutted against the material discharging block 62. The number of the pressure blocks 59 is at least one, and the pressure blocks 59 are sleeved on the pressure rod 61 and used for providing axial pressure to the other end of the spring 58, so that the spring 58 limits the discharging block 62 in the circular through groove 60, and the gap between the discharging block 62 and the locking shell 57 is in negative correlation with the axial pressure. The pressure block 59 may be threaded with the pressing rod 61 and rotate to push the spring 58 to move along the axial direction of the pressing rod 61, so that the discharging block 62 moves along the axial direction of the pressing rod 61 to change the gap. This embodiment can adjust the position of blanking piece 62 through pressure piece 59 and spring 58, adjusts the discharge capacity, and the moisture content of material is extruded in the regulation control for the moisture content of the extrusion ejection of compact reaches actual required standard, guarantees the suitable living environment of follow-up biodegradable reaction bacterial, improves the speed and the effect of follow-up degradation. Moreover, the discharging amount can be adjusted in real time, so that discharging can be more timely, the fault rate is reduced, and normal operation is guaranteed, so that the discharging efficiency of the extrusion system is improved, and the working time is shortened. And, spring 58 can cushion the extrusion ejection of compact, prevents that the extrusion is excessive and cause the damage to other equipment, simultaneously, when clout was more in the extrusion chamber, owing to extrude shell 52 and lock shell 57 separately, can separately draw these two clearly, and convenient knot is clear, avoids the stock dry and hard rotten and give off the stink.

In this embodiment, the method for adjusting the water content of the extrusion discharge includes the following steps:

detecting the water content of the extrusion discharge at the discharge port of the sieve tube 70;

(ii) judging whether the water content is in a preset dry-humidity range, and comparing the water content with the upper limit and the lower limit of the preset dry-humidity range;

(iii) reducing the axial pressure by the spring 58 to increase the gap when the moisture content is less than the lower limit of the preset dry-humidity range;

(iv) when the water content is larger than the upper limit of the preset dry-humidity range, increasing the axial pressure through the spring 58 to reduce the clearance;

(v) performing step (i) when the water content is within the predetermined dry humidity range.

Step four, referring to fig. 6, mixing the oil-water mixture and the liquid product extruded from the screen pipe 70 to form an oil-water mixture, layering the oil-water mixture in the oil separation tank 111, and finally scraping the floating oil residue in the oil layer by the oil scraping mechanism and the liquid outlet mechanism, and simultaneously separating the wastewater and the grease.

The oil separation tank 111 comprises a first tank body 112, a plurality of partition plates 113 and a first ball valve 127. The top end of the first box body 112 is of an inverted funnel-shaped structure, and an opening is formed in the top end of the first box body 112. A plurality of partition plates 113 are provided in the first case 112, and partition a plurality of oil-separating spaces 114 that are sequentially communicated. The adjacent two oil-separating spaces 114 communicate with each other through the upper space and the lower space of one partition plate 113. An oil-separating space 114 in one end of the oil-separating tank 111 is used for receiving the oil-water mixture and is defined as a material receiving space, and an oil-separating space 114 in the other end of the oil-separating tank 111 is defined as a liquid outlet space. From the material receiving space to the liquid outlet space, the heights of the top and the bottom of the partition plate 113 relative to the bottom wall of the first box body 112 are increased in sequence. Ball valve one 127 is mounted on the outer wall of box one 112 and is used to release liquid to the liquid layer. Like this, after oil water mixture got into oil removal space 114 and the layering of stewing, the oil reservoir of upper strata can only pass through the upper space of division board 113, and the water layer of lower floor or deposit layer can only pass through the lower part space, thereby realize the separation to oil water mixture, and because the height of upper space can be higher and higher, will make fluid can reach next oil removal space after filling up previous oil removal space like this, thereby make the oiliness rate in the fluid improve step by step, and whole oil removal's in-process need not repeated layering, can improve the efficiency and the oil removal effect of oil removal greatly, make the oiliness rate of fluid in the oil removal space that arrives at last reach the maximum value, thereby improve oil water separation's separation effect, improve the separation efficiency of fluid, improve the oil removal rate greatly.

Referring to fig. 7 and 8, the oil scraping mechanism includes an oil scraping tank 115, an oil scraping motor 116, and an oil scraping assembly. The bottom end of the oil scraping box 115 is of an opening structure and covers the opening. The oil scraping box 115 comprises a second box body 128 and a second ball valve 129, and the bottom end of the second box body 128 is communicated with the inverted funnel-shaped structure. The oil scraping box 115 is provided with an oil outlet, and the height of the oil outlet is greater than that of the opening. The oil scraping motor 116 is installed on the oil scraping tank 115, and the second ball valve 129 is installed on the outer wall of the second box body 128 and is used for releasing liquid in the second box body 128. The oil scraping assembly includes at least two pairs of sprockets 117, two chains 118, and a plurality of oil scraping plates 119. Each pair of chain wheels 117 is rotatably mounted on two opposite inner walls of the oil scraping tank 115, and the oil scraping motor 116 is used for driving one pair of chain wheels 117 to synchronously rotate. Each chain 118 is sleeved on at least two chain wheels 117 on the same inner wall, and the two chains 118 can rotate synchronously through the rotation of the chain wheels 117. Each of the oil scraping plates 119 is fixed at both ends thereof to two chains 118, respectively, and a line segment connecting the points of connection of the two chains 118 is parallel to the central axis of each pair of sprockets 117. When the oil scraping motor 116 rotates, the chain 118 drives the oil scraping plate 119 to move from above the opening to above the oil outlet. When the chain 118 moves along with the rotation of the sprocket 117, the oil scraping plate 119 connected to the chain 118 continuously enters the oil scraping box 115, thereby scraping oil or oil sludge in the oil scraping box 115.

The number of the positioning shafts 125 is at least two, and the at least two positioning shafts 125 correspond to the at least two pairs of sprockets 117, respectively. Two ends of each positioning shaft 125 are respectively fixed on two opposite inner walls of the oil scraping box 115, and each pair of chain wheels 117 are respectively sleeved on two ends of the corresponding positioning shaft 125; wherein, the oil scraping motor 116 is installed on the outer wall of the oil scraping box 115, and the output shaft is connected with one positioning shaft 125. The positioning shaft 125 enables each pair of chain wheels 117 to rotate synchronously, so that the two chains 118 can rotate through one oil scraping motor 116, the utilization rate of electric energy can be improved, and the use is convenient.

The oil layer liquid in the liquid outlet space is conveyed to the oil scraping box 115 through a liquid outlet mechanism. The liquid outlet mechanism comprises a liquid outlet pipe 120 and may further comprise a liquid outlet pump 124. The number of the liquid outlet pipes 120 is at least one. One end of the liquid outlet pipe 120 is arranged in the liquid outlet space, and the other end is arranged in the oil scraping box 115. The other end of the outlet pipe 120 is positioned above the opening. The oil-water mixture is separated into a solid layer and a liquid layer in the oil separation spaces 114, the liquid in the liquid layer flows from one end of the liquid outlet pipe 120 to the other end and is dispersed into the oil scraping box 115, and the oil scraping plate 119 scrapes the oil from the liquid to the oil outlet. An effluent pump 124 is disposed in the effluent space and an effluent port is connected to one end of the effluent pipe 120. Thus, when the oil needs to be discharged to the oil scraping box 115, the liquid outlet pump 124 can be driven to work, and the oil is pumped to the upper part of the opening through the liquid outlet pipe 120. And frizing motor 116 just can order about sprocket 117 and rotate, make sprocket 117 drive chain 118 and rotate, and further make frizing plate 119 follow chain 118 and move, like this at the in-process of motion, frizing plate 119 can be located and scrape out with the oil slick sediment of scraping in the oil tank 115, thereby realize the frizing function, whole frizing in-process need not manual operation, and a plurality of frizing plates 119 scrape to fluid ceaselessly and get, can improve frizing efficiency greatly, further improve oil-water separation's separation efficiency, the while still makes the purity of the fluid of scraping out or the oil slick sediment higher, can improve oil-water separation's separation effect.

Compared with the existing kitchen swill treatment method, the harmless three-phase separation method of the swill has the following advantages:

1. the hogwash harmless three-phase separation method sequentially sorts, crushes, extrudes and separates oil and water from kitchen swill/kitchen waste, thus realizing three-phase separation of the swill, and rolls wet waste separated from the kitchen swill through the roller surfaces of two crushing rollers, so that larger waste can be crushed into fine waste, and can avoid blockage of large particles of the swill to subsequent extrusion and other processes, the swill rotates in a plurality of extrusion cavities by utilizing a screw rod, so that the kitchen swill moves along the same direction, thus the swill is extruded, extruded water flows out from a water outlet, simultaneously a locking shell 57 of a locking mechanism is connected with an extrusion shell 52, the locking shell 57 can be used as a discharging mechanism, a circular through groove 60 which is arranged can be used for extruding and discharging, thereby realizing the discharging function of dry materials, and a discharging block can be supported in the circular through groove 60 under the action of a spring 58 and a pressure rod 61, the clearance that forms like this can supply the extrusion ejection of compact to extrude, simultaneously because the piece 62 of putting is round platform shape structure, its degree of depth that inserts in circular logical groove 60 decides the size in clearance, can produce the motive force to spring 58 through the pressure piece when the ejection of compact needs to be adjusted, make spring 58 order about the piece 62 of putting and move in the axial of hob 54, adjust the size in clearance, thereby change the ejection of compact, locking mechanism just can control the ejection of compact of extrusion ejection of compact like this, and then adjust the moisture content of the ejection of compact, also can increase the ejection of compact when the ejection of compact is accelerated to needs, and then can reduce the clearance when the moisture content is too high, reduce the ejection of compact.

2. The swill harmless three-phase separation method can detect the feeding amount of wet garbage in a period of time, synchronously detect the discharging amount of the wet garbage in the period of time, and finally calculate the difference value between the feeding amount and the discharging amount by the calculation module so as to be convenient for the judgment of the crushing controller. And comparing the accumulated difference with each preset range, and respectively processing: (1) when the accumulated difference is not greater than the preset crushing amount, it indicates that excessive garbage is not attached to the crushing roller 32 at this time, cleaning may not be performed, and the rotating speed of the crushing motor does not need to be increased, so that waste of cleaning water and crushing energy is avoided; (2) when the accumulated difference is greater than the first preset crushing amount and not greater than the second preset crushing amount, a certain amount of garbage is attached to the roller surface, the fact that the roller surface needs to be washed is indicated, and the crushing controller controls the washing mechanism to wash; (3) when the accumulated difference is larger than the second preset crushing amount and smaller than the third preset crushing amount, the attached garbage on the roller surface is further increased, so that the crushing controller not only needs to wash the roller surface, but also needs to increase the rotating speed of a crushing motor so as to accelerate the treatment speed of the wet garbage; (4) when the accumulated difference is larger than the third preset crushing amount, excessive wet garbage exists in the preset rolling space, and the crushing motor is seriously damaged, so that the crushing motor stops working by the crushing controller. So, this broken system not only can improve the treatment effeciency to wet rubbish, improves the broken speed of rubbish, can also improve the utilization ratio to washing resource and energy, can also protect broken motor simultaneously, improves broken motor's life.

Example 2

The embodiment provides a harmless three-phase separation method of swill, which adds the method steps of scraping floating oil residue on the basis of the embodiment 1. The method for scraping the floating oil residues comprises the following steps:

detecting the liquid level height of liquid in an oil scraping mechanism;

(II) judging whether the liquid level height is greater than a preset height I;

(III) when the liquid level is higher than the preset height, driving the oil scraping mechanism to scrape oil on the liquid;

(IV) judging whether the liquid level height is greater than a preset height II;

(V) when the liquid level height is greater than the liquid level height II, stopping conveying the oil-water mixture to the material receiving space;

(VI) calculating a height variation value of the liquid level within a preset time;

(VII) adjusting the power of the oil scraping mechanism according to the liquid level height change value and a preset change value-power comparison table comparison relation; wherein, the altitude change value and the power have a one-to-one comparison relationship of negative correlation in the change value-power comparison table. Therefore, the liquid level can be kept at a certain height, and the normal and continuous oil scraping is ensured.

Example 3

The present embodiment provides a three-phase harmless separation device for swill, which applies the three-phase harmless separation method for swill in embodiment 1 or embodiment 2, and comprises a feeding module, a sorting module, a crushing module, an extrusion module and an oil-water separation module. The feeding module is used for lifting feeding of the kitchen waste to be subjected to three-phase separation in the garbage can 5 through the lifting machine 4. The sorting module is used for receiving the kitchen waste in the garbage bin 5, sorting out hard foreign matters in the kitchen waste, and performing solid-liquid separation on the remaining kitchen swill to obtain solid wet waste and liquid oil-water mixture. The crushing module is used for conveying the wet garbage to a crushing system for crushing to obtain a crushed product. The extrusion module is used for enabling the crushed products to directionally move in the sieve tube 70 through the screw rod 54 so as to enable the crushed products to be extruded and dehydrated, and adjusting the dryness and humidity of the extruded material through a locking mechanism to obtain the extruded material with the water content reaching a preset dryness and humidity. The oil-water separation module is used for mixing an oil-water mixture and a liquid product extruded by the sieve tube 70 into an oil-water mixed solution, layering the oil-water mixed solution in the oil separation tank 111, finally scraping floating oil residues in an oil layer through the oil scraping mechanism, and simultaneously separating waste water and grease.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a kitchen swill is solid-state wet rubbish crushing method behind solid-liquid separation which characterized in that, it adopts a broken system to wet rubbish is broken in order to obtain broken product, broken system includes:

two crushing rollers (32) which are axially arranged in parallel, have two aligned ends and are separated to form a preset rolling space; the wet garbage enters from the same side of the two crushing rollers (32), and leaves from the same side of the two crushing rollers (32) after being crushed by the preset crushing space; and

a crushing motor for driving the crushing roller (32) to rotate;

the crushing method comprises the following steps:

detecting the accumulation amount I of wet garbage entering the preset rolling space within a preset time period; wherein the detection method of the first cumulative quantity comprises the following steps: sliding the wet garbage into the preset rolling space through a first sliding plate (43); detecting the weight of wet waste on the first sliding plate (43); calculating the cumulant one, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:

in the formula, V₁Is the cumulative amount one, t is the duration of the preset time period, v₁For the speed of the wet waste sliding down on the first sliding plate (43), L₁For the sliding length of the wet waste on the first sliding plate (43), a₁The weight of wet garbage on the first sliding plate (43);

secondly, detecting the accumulation amount II of the wet garbage leaving the preset rolling space in the preset time period; the method for detecting the second accumulation amount comprises the following steps: the wet garbage leaving from the preset grinding space slides down through a second sliding plate (45); detecting the weight of the wet garbage on the second sliding plate (45); calculating the cumulant two, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:

in the formula, V₂Is the cumulative amount of two, v₂Is the sliding speed L of the wet garbage on the second sliding plate (45)₂For the sliding length of the wet waste on the second sliding plate (45), a₂The weight of the wet garbage on the second sliding plate (45);

wherein Δ is the cumulative difference;

fifthly, when the cumulative difference is larger than the first preset crushing amount and not larger than the second preset crushing amount, cleaning the roll surface of the crushing roll (32);

when the cumulative difference is larger than the second preset crushing amount and not larger than a third preset crushing amount, cleaning the roll surface of a crushing roll (32), and increasing the rotating speed of a crushing motor according to the difference value of the cumulative difference and the third preset crushing amount; wherein the increase in the rotational speed is positively correlated with the difference;

2. The method for crushing the solid-liquid separated wet garbage from kitchen swill according to claim 1, wherein the crushed product is directionally moved in a sieve tube (70) by a screw rod (54) so as to extrude and dewater the crushed product.

3. The method for crushing the solid-liquid separated wet garbage of kitchen swill according to claim 2, wherein before the crushing product is extruded, the crushing product is further stirred in a hopper (64) through at least one set of stirring components, the hopper (64) is used for accommodating the crushing product, and the discharge end of the hopper (64) is used for feeding a sieve tube (70); the stirring assembly is installed in the hopper (64) and is used for stirring the crushed product in the hopper (64).

4. The method for crushing solid wet garbage after solid-liquid separation of kitchen slops according to claim 3, wherein when the crushed products are squeezed and dehydrated, the flow rate of the kitchen slops output from the hopper (64) is detected, and then the rotating speed of the screw rod (54) is adjusted according to the flow rate, so that the rotating speed and the flow rate are changed according to the corresponding relation in a preset adjusting table; and the rotating speed and the flow rate have a one-to-one corresponding relationship in the adjusting table.

5. The method for crushing solid wet garbage after solid-liquid separation of kitchen swill according to claim 2, wherein the dry humidity of the extruded and dehydrated crushed product is adjusted by a locking mechanism to obtain the extruded and dehydrated material with the moisture content reaching a preset dry humidity.

6. The method for crushing the solid wet garbage after the solid-liquid separation of the kitchen swill according to claim 5, wherein the locking mechanism comprises a locking shell (57), a discharging component, a spring (58) and at least one pressure block (59); the locking shell (57) is arranged on the discharge end of the sieve tube (70) and is provided with a circular through groove (60) communicated with the inside of the sieve tube (70); the discharging assembly comprises a pressure rod (61) and a discharging block (62); the discharging block (62) is in a round table structure and is coaxially connected with the screw rod (54); the discharging block (62) is positioned in the circular through groove (60), the thinner end of the discharging block is positioned in the sieve tube (70), and the thicker end of the discharging block is positioned in the locking shell (57); the pressure lever (61) is coaxially connected with the discharging block (62) and is rotatably arranged in the locking shell (57); the spring (58) is sleeved on the pressure rod (61), and one end of the spring is propped against the discharging block (62); the pressure block (59) is sleeved on the pressure rod (61) and used for providing axial pressure to the other end of the spring (58), so that the spring (58) limits the discharging block (62) in the circular through groove (60), and the gap between the discharging block (62) and the locking shell (57) is in negative correlation with the axial pressure.

7. The method for crushing the solid wet garbage after the solid-liquid separation of the kitchen swill according to claim 6, wherein the screw rod (54) and the compression bar (61) are integrally formed, and the discharge block (62) is sleeved on the compression bar (61); the pressure block (59) is in threaded connection with the pressing rod (61), and the spring (58) is pushed to move along the axial direction of the pressing rod (61) through rotation, so that the discharging block (62) moves along the axial direction of the pressing rod (61) to change the gap.

8. The method for crushing solid wet garbage after solid-liquid separation of kitchen swill according to claim 1, wherein a roller surface of the crushing roller (32) is provided with a convex structure.

9. The method for crushing solid wet garbage after solid-liquid separation of kitchen swill according to claim 1, characterized in that the roll surface of the crushing roll (32) is provided with wear-resistant paint.

10. The method for crushing the solid wet garbage after the solid-liquid separation of the kitchen swill according to claim 1, wherein the crushing motor is connected with the crushing roller (32) through a gear box.