CN113016794B - Preparation method of plant essential oil grain storage insecticidal slow release agent - Google Patents
Preparation method of plant essential oil grain storage insecticidal slow release agent Download PDFInfo
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- CN113016794B CN113016794B CN202110335413.5A CN202110335413A CN113016794B CN 113016794 B CN113016794 B CN 113016794B CN 202110335413 A CN202110335413 A CN 202110335413A CN 113016794 B CN113016794 B CN 113016794B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
- A01N25/34—Shaped forms, e.g. sheets, not provided for in any other sub-group of this main group
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
- A01N25/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests containing solids as carriers or diluents
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
- A01N25/18—Vapour or smoke emitting compositions with delayed or sustained release
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
- A01N65/22—Lamiaceae or Labiatae [Mint family], e.g. thyme, rosemary, skullcap, selfheal, lavender, perilla, pennyroyal, peppermint or spearmint
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/30—Against vector-borne diseases, e.g. mosquito-borne, fly-borne, tick-borne or waterborne diseases whose impact is exacerbated by climate change
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Abstract
The invention provides a preparation method of a plant essential oil grain storage insecticidal slow release agent, and belongs to the technical field of insecticide preparation. The plant essential oil grain storage insecticidal slow release agent is simple in preparation method, the compound plant essential oil prepared from the diatomite, the mint essential oil and the basil essential oil is mixed, the magnesium stearate is added to be used as a lubricating agent, the mixture is placed into a tabletting machine model for tabletting, and then a layer of a coating agent is uniformly coated. The slow release agent can prolong the time of essential oil volatilization and can better store grains.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of pesticide preparation, in particular to a preparation method of a plant essential oil grain storage pesticide slow-release agent.
Background
Grain is an important commodity and strategic material for the county of the related countries, and has very important significance for economic development and social stability. However, during grain storage, losses are often caused by pests. Therefore, the improvement of the grain storage technology and the prevention and control of the grain storage pests are particularly important.
The plant essential oil is extracted from flower, leaf, root, bark, fruit, seed, resin, etc. of herbaceous plant by distillation and squeezing. Research shows that the plant essential oil has various biological activities of killing pests, sterilizing, resisting viruses and the like, and has synergistic effect on various pesticides. Because of its volatility, it is especially suitable for controlling pests in household environment.
In the prior art, the essential oil is directly used for grain storage and disinsection or is prepared into microcapsules. For example, chinese patent CN101420848A provides an application of microencapsulated essential oil, which can be applied to grain storage for insecticidal purposes. Because essential oil has volatility, is difficult to spray evenly, and it volatilizes very fast simultaneously, directly utilizes it to carry out the spraying to grain, causes the waste easily, and long-term storage effect is relatively poor. The patent technology makes essential oil into a microcapsule form, overcomes the problem of essential oil volatilization, but the preparation process of the microcapsule is complex, essential oil loss is caused, waste is caused, the slow release effect of the essential oil capsule is not good enough, and the insect prevention effect is not ideal.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the method, the preparation method is simple, the prepared slow release agent can prolong the volatilization time of the essential oil, the insecticidal effect is good, and the grain storage time is prolonged, and the number of microorganisms can be effectively reduced when the wheat fumigated by the slow release agent is used for preparing the noodles, so that the noodles are not easy to rot and deteriorate, and the storage time is prolonged.
The preparation method of the plant essential oil grain storage insecticidal slow release agent comprises the following steps:
(1) sieving diatomite with a 180-220 mesh sieve, filling the diatomite into a sealing bag, placing the sealing bag in a dryer, and drying for later use;
(2) mixing the diatomite and the compound essential oil, uniformly stirring by using an electric stirrer, sealing in a dark place, and balancing for 0.5-1.5 hours to ensure that the diatomite and the compound essential oil are fully absorbed;
(3) weighing magnesium stearate serving as a lubricant, adding the magnesium stearate into the mixture obtained in the step (2), uniformly stirring, and balancing for 25-35 min;
(4) weighing 2.00g of the uniformly stirred mixture obtained in the step (3), putting the mixture into a tabletting machine model, tabletting under the pressure of 12-18 MPa for 20-40 s each time, taking down, demoulding, uniformly coating a layer of coating agent, and standing in the dark for 0.5-1.5 h to form the coating agent, so as to prepare the vegetable essential oil grain-storage insecticidal sustained-release tablet;
(5) and filling the prepared tablets into a sealed bag, placing the sealed bag into a dryer, and drying the sealed bag for later use.
Preferably, the compound essential oil in the step (2) is prepared from mint essential oil and basil essential oil according to a mass ratio of 1-2: 1-2.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the diatomite to the compound essential oil in the step (2) is 1: 3-1: 4.
preferably, the addition amount of the magnesium stearate in the step (3) is 0.9-1.2% of the total mass of the mixture prepared in the step (2).
Preferably, the coating agent in the step (4) is sodium alginate and chitosan, wherein the mass ratio of sodium alginate to chitosan is 1: 1-1: 2.
the invention also aims to provide the plant essential oil grain storage insecticidal slow release agent prepared by the preparation method and the application thereof: the plant essential oil grain storage insecticidal slow release agent is placed in a position of 25-35 cm of grain surface, and the addition amount of the slow release agent is 1-2 tablets/50 kg.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages: the mint essential oil and basil essential oil have the effect of fumigating and killing stored grain pests, the surface of the diatomite has a plurality of pores with adsorption effect to adsorb the essential oil, and the magnesium stearate is used as a lubricant, so that the prepared slow release agent has good fluidity and compressibility. The tabletting process is relatively simple, the adsorption rate of the essential oil is high, and a film coating agent is coated after tabletting to seal partial holes, so that the effect of slowly releasing the essential oil can be achieved, the volatilization time of the essential oil can be prolonged, grains can be stored better, and the microbial quantity can be effectively reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows the corrected mortality rate of a compound essential oil fumigated corn elephant when the volume of wheat accounts for 10% of that of a sealed bin;
FIG. 2 shows the corrected mortality rate of the fumigated zearals with compounded essential oil when the volume of wheat accounts for 30% of that of the sealed bin;
FIG. 3 shows the corrected mortality rate of the fumigated zearals with compounded essential oil when the volume of wheat occupies 50% of the sealed bin;
FIG. 4 shows the corrected mortality rate of the fumigated zearals with compounded essential oil when the volume of wheat accounts for 70% of that of the sealed bin;
FIG. 5 shows the release rates of the grain-storing pesticide slow-release agents of different coating agents;
FIG. 6 is a photograph of a grain storage insecticidal sustained release tablet;
FIG. 7 is a scanning electron micrograph of diatomaceous earth;
FIG. 8 is the scanning electron microscope image of the grain storage insecticidal sustained release tablet.
1 in FIGS. 1-4: 2 represents peppermint essential oil: basil essential oil 1: 2. 1: 1 represents a mint essential oil: basil essential oil 1: 1. 2: 1 represents a mint essential oil: basil essential oil 2: 1.
Detailed Description
In order to clearly understand the technical features, objects and advantages of the present invention, the following detailed description of the technical solutions of the present invention will be made with reference to the following specific examples, which should not be construed as limiting the implementable scope of the present invention.
Example 1
A preparation method of a plant essential oil grain storage insecticidal slow release agent comprises the following steps:
(1) sieving diatomite with 200 mesh sieve, packaging into a sealed bag, placing in a dryer, and drying for later use;
(2) mixing mint essential oil and basil essential oil according to a mass ratio of 1: 1, compounding plant essential oil, and then mixing diatomite and the compounded essential oil in a proportion of 1: 3.3, uniformly stirring by using a stirrer, sealing in a dark place for balancing for 1 hour, and fully absorbing;
(3) weighing magnesium stearate accounting for 1.08 percent of the total mass of the mixture prepared in the step (2) as a lubricant, adding the magnesium stearate into the mixture, stirring the mixture until the mixture is completely uniform, and balancing the mixture for 30 min;
(4) weighing 2.00g of the uniformly stirred mixture obtained in the step (3), putting the mixture into a tablet press machine model, carrying out tabletting under the pressure of 16MPa for 30s each time, taking down, demoulding and coating a uniform layer of coating agent, standing the coating agent in a dark place for 1h to form the coating agent, and preparing the plant essential oil grain storage insecticidal sustained release tablet, wherein the coating agent is sodium alginate and chitosan according to the weight ratio of 1: 1, and mixing the components in a mass ratio of 1.
(5) And filling the prepared tablets into a sealed bag, placing the sealed bag into a dryer, and drying the sealed bag for later use.
1 piece of the grain storage insecticidal slow release agent is put into 50kg of wheat and is placed 25-35 cm below the surface of the wheat, the grain storage insecticidal slow release agent is stored in a sealed mode, and the storage time of the wheat can be prolonged by more than one year and a half.
Example 2
A preparation method of a plant essential oil grain storage insecticidal slow release agent comprises the following steps:
(1) sieving diatomite with 180 mesh sieve, packaging into a sealed bag, placing in a dryer, and drying for later use;
(2) mixing mint essential oil and basil essential oil according to a mass ratio of 2: 1, compounding plant essential oil, and then mixing diatomite and the compounded essential oil in a proportion of 1: 3, uniformly stirring by using an electric stirrer, sealing in a dark place for balancing for 0.8h, and fully absorbing;
(3) weighing magnesium stearate accounting for 0.9% of the total mass of the mixture prepared in the step (2) as a lubricant, adding the magnesium stearate into the mixture, stirring the mixture until the mixture is completely uniform, and balancing the mixture for 25 min;
(4) weighing 2.00g of the uniformly stirred mixture obtained in the step (3), putting the mixture into a tabletting machine model, tabletting under the pressure of 14MPa for 30s each time, taking down, demoulding, coating an even layer of coating agent, standing in the dark for 1h to form the coating agent, and preparing the plant essential oil grain storage insecticidal sustained release agent tablet, wherein the coating agent is sodium alginate and chitosan according to the weight ratio of 1: 1.5 by mass ratio.
(5) And filling the prepared tablets into a sealed bag, placing the sealed bag into a dryer, and drying the sealed bag for later use.
1 piece of the grain storage insecticidal slow release agent is put into 50kg of wheat and is placed 25-35 cm below the surface of the wheat, the grain storage insecticidal slow release agent is stored in a sealed mode, and the storage time of the wheat can be prolonged by more than one year and a half.
Example 3
A preparation method of a plant essential oil grain storage insecticidal slow release agent comprises the following steps:
(1) sieving diatomaceous earth with 220 mesh sieve, packaging into a sealed bag, placing in a dryer, and drying for use;
(2) mixing mint essential oil and basil essential oil according to a mass ratio of 1: 2, compounding the diatomite and the compounded essential oil in a proportion of 1: 4, uniformly stirring by using a stirrer, sealing in a dark place and balancing for 1.5 hours to ensure that the mixture is fully absorbed;
(3) weighing magnesium stearate accounting for 1.2% of the total mass of the mixture prepared in the step (2) as a lubricant, adding the magnesium stearate into the mixture, stirring the mixture until the mixture is completely uniform, and balancing the mixture for 35 min;
(4) weighing 2.00g of the uniformly stirred mixture obtained in the step (3), putting the mixture into a tabletting machine model, tabletting under the pressure of 18MPa for 30s each time, taking down, demoulding, coating a uniform layer of coating agent, standing in the dark for 1.5h to form the coating agent, and preparing the plant essential oil grain storage insecticidal sustained-release tablet, wherein the coating agent is sodium alginate and chitosan according to the weight ratio of 1: 2, and mixing the components in a mass ratio.
(5) And filling the prepared tablets into a sealed bag, placing the sealed bag into a dryer, and drying the sealed bag for later use.
1 piece of the grain storage insecticidal slow release agent is put into 50kg of wheat and is placed 25-35 cm below the surface of the wheat, the grain storage insecticidal slow release agent is stored in a sealed mode, and the storage time of the wheat can be prolonged by more than one year and a half.
Example 4
Putting 1 tablet of the grain storage insecticidal slow release agent prepared in the example 1 into 50kg of wheat, putting the wheat at a position 25-35 cm below the surface of the wheat, fumigating the wheat for 20 days, and opening the place for ventilation for 5 days until the odor of the essential oil is released. Taking part of wheat to grind by using an experimental mill, placing the wheat at room temperature for 3 days, and making the noodles: the mass ratio of the wheat flour to the warm water is 100: and 35, putting the dough into a dough mixer, starting the dough kneading at the first level for 5min, and then using the dough kneading at the second level for 3 min. And then curing for 25min at room temperature, after curing, pressing all the chips for 10 times by using an experimental noodle maker, pressing the chips into dough sheets with the thickness of 1.0-2.0 mm, and cutting the dough sheets into strips with the width of 1.0-2.0 mm. And (3) putting the prepared noodles into a 105 ℃ forced air drying oven, drying for 2min, and taking out. Placing the noodles in a self-sealing bag, and balancing water content at room temperature for 3 hr to make them uniformly distributed. Sealing the noodles, and storing in a refrigerator at 4 deg.C.
Comparative example 1
The grain storage insecticidal slow release agent is prepared in the mode of example 1, and the coating agent in the grain storage insecticidal slow release agent is replaced by single sodium alginate.
Comparative example 2
The grain storage insecticidal slow release agent is prepared according to the mode of the example 1, and the coating agent in the grain storage insecticidal slow release agent is replaced by single chitosan.
The release efficiency of the grain storage insecticidal slow release agent of example 1 and comparative examples 1 to 2 was measured, and the result is shown in fig. 5.
Comparative example 3
Wheat which was not fumigated with the grain storage insecticidal sustained-release agent was ground into powder, and left at room temperature for 3 days, and noodles were produced by the same method as in example 4. Sealing the noodles, and storing in a refrigerator at 4 deg.C.
The microbial assay was performed on the noodles after 7 days of storage, and the results are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1
Numbering | Total number of colonies (CFU/g) |
Example 4 | 190 |
Comparative example 3 | 3345 |
The fatty acid value of the noodles after 7 days of storage was measured, and the results are shown in table 2:
TABLE 2
Different treatment | Fatty acid value |
Example 4 | 37.64% |
Comparative example 3 | 46.62% |
Therefore, the noodles made of the wheat flour after the storage of the essential oil have fewer microorganisms and are not easy to rot and deteriorate compared with the wheat noodles without the treatment of the essential oil, so that the storage time is prolonged.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A preparation method of a plant essential oil grain storage insecticidal slow release agent is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) sieving diatomite with a 180-220 mesh sieve, filling the diatomite into a sealing bag, placing the sealing bag into a dryer, and drying the sealing bag for later use;
(2) mixing the diatomite with the compound essential oil, uniformly stirring by using an electric stirrer, sealing in a dark place, and balancing for 0.5-1.5 hours to ensure that the diatomite fully absorbs the compound essential oil;
(3) weighing magnesium stearate serving as a lubricant, adding the magnesium stearate into the mixture obtained in the step (2), uniformly stirring, and balancing for 25-35 min;
(4) weighing 2.00g of the uniformly stirred mixture obtained in the step (3), putting the mixture into a tabletting machine model, tabletting under the pressure of 12-18 MPa for 20-40 s each time, taking down, demoulding, uniformly coating a coating agent, standing in the dark for 0.5-1.5 h to form the coating agent, and preparing the vegetable essential oil grain storage insecticidal sustained-release tablet;
(5) putting the prepared tablets into a sealed bag, placing the sealed bag into a dryer, and drying the sealed bag for later use;
the compound essential oil in the step (2) is prepared from mint essential oil and basil essential oil according to a mass ratio of 1-2: 1-2 are compounded;
the mass ratio of the diatomite to the compound essential oil in the step (2) is 1: 3-1: 4;
the coating agent in the step (4) is a mixture of sodium alginate and chitosan, wherein the mass ratio of sodium alginate to chitosan is 1: 1-1: 2.
2. the preparation method of the plant essential oil grain storage insecticidal slow-release agent as claimed in claim 1, wherein the addition amount of the magnesium stearate in the step (3) is 0.9-1.2% of the total mass of the mixture prepared in the step (2).
3. The plant essential oil grain storage insecticidal slow release agent prepared by the preparation method of any one of claims 1-2.
4. The application of the plant essential oil grain storage insecticidal slow release agent as claimed in claim 3, wherein the slow release agent is placed in a position of 25-35 cm of grain surface, and the addition amount of the slow release agent is 1-2 tablets/50 kg.
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CN104957191A (en) * | 2015-06-17 | 2015-10-07 | 湖州道场污水处理有限公司 | Plant essential oil insecticide efficient in poisoning rice weevils |
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