CN113014312A - Protection and fault processing method for dealing with space particle effect - Google Patents
Protection and fault processing method for dealing with space particle effect Download PDFInfo
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- CN113014312A CN113014312A CN202110293382.1A CN202110293382A CN113014312A CN 113014312 A CN113014312 A CN 113014312A CN 202110293382 A CN202110293382 A CN 202110293382A CN 113014312 A CN113014312 A CN 113014312A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/14—Relay systems
- H04B7/15—Active relay systems
- H04B7/185—Space-based or airborne stations; Stations for satellite systems
- H04B7/1851—Systems using a satellite or space-based relay
- H04B7/18515—Transmission equipment in satellites or space-based relays
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/14—Relay systems
- H04B7/15—Active relay systems
- H04B7/185—Space-based or airborne stations; Stations for satellite systems
- H04B7/1851—Systems using a satellite or space-based relay
- H04B7/18519—Operations control, administration or maintenance
Abstract
The invention discloses a protection and fault processing method for dealing with space particle effect, which comprises the following steps: implementing whole star level measures, wherein the whole star level measures comprise an abnormal monitoring measure, a timing reset measure and a recovery measure after reset; and implementing single-machine level measures, wherein the single-machine level measures comprise single-particle protection measures of the FPGA and the DSP and protection measures of a large-capacity memory.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of satellite communication, in particular to a protection and fault processing method for dealing with space particle effect.
Background
The Single Event Effect (SEE) is also called Single Event Effect, and is a phenomenon that high-energy charged particles generate a large amount of charged particles in a sensitive region of a device, and is expressed as abnormal operation of the device caused by Single high-energy particle bombardment. When the particles with enough energy are injected into the integrated circuit, because of the ionization effect (including secondary particles), a great number of ionization hole-electron pairs are generated, soft errors of a semiconductor device are caused, single-particle upset is generated on a logic device and a memory, single-particle latch is generated on a CMOS device, even a phenomenon of single-particle permanent damage occurs, and the single-particle disturbance capability is reduced due to the improvement of the integration level of the single-particle effect and the integrated circuit, the reduction of the characteristic dimension, the reduction of critical charge and the threshold value of an effective diode and the like. The single event upset resistance of the device is obviously related to factors such as layout design, process conditions and the like. The Single Event effect can be divided into a Single Event Latch-up (SEL), a Single Event Upset (SEU), and the like.
Low-cost and low-level components are increasingly used in spacecraft to reduce overall cost, including large-scale integrated circuits, FPGAs, DSPs, and mass storage chips that are sensitive to single particles. The devices are not subjected to ground anti-radiation screening, and when the devices are used in space, not only anti-radiation reinforcement measures need to be adopted, but also SEE occurrence needs to be monitored in real time, measures are taken immediately, and faults are eliminated.
The satellite-ground communication equipment on the spacecraft is used for receiving, storing and downloading data required by users. The single event influences the communication interruption, which affects the user experience. The immediate, autonomous recovery capability is therefore particularly important for satellite-to-ground communication devices on spacecraft, and most of these capabilities rely on software to implement.
The fault effect of the single event effect and the protection measures commonly used at present are shown in table 1 below.
Table 1 general summary of the effects of irradiation
However, the currently used measures for protecting the single event effect fault influence have the following problems: 1) the occurrence of the single event effect is monitored in the system level by lacking an effective means, and the single event effect cannot be recovered in real time; 2) the specific measures are all directed at the single event effect of a certain sensitive device, and the scattered measures are difficult to ensure the correctness of data downloading and the continuity of communication when the single event effect occurs from the whole system flow; 3) measures for eliminating the single event effect fault influence often need ground instruction control, and the autonomy is not strong.
The invention provides a protection and fault processing method for dealing with space particle effect, which at least partially solves the problems existing in the commonly used measures for protecting the single particle effect fault influence at present.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems that the measures for protecting the single event effect fault influence in the prior art cannot be immediately recovered, cannot ensure the correctness and continuity of data communication, is not strong in autonomy and the like, the invention provides a method for protecting and processing the fault corresponding to the space particle effect according to one embodiment of the invention, which comprises the following steps:
implementing whole star level measures, wherein the whole star level measures comprise an abnormal monitoring measure, a timing reset measure and a recovery measure after reset; and
and implementing single-machine level measures, wherein the single-machine level measures comprise single-particle protection measures of the FPGA and the DSP and large-capacity storage protection measures.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the whole star level measure is a measure for dealing with a single event lockout effect, a single event upset effect, and a single event functional interruption effect.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the anomaly monitoring measure in the whole star level measure further includes:
monitoring a data sending interface of the communication single machine;
judging whether the transmission is abnormal;
if the monitoring is normal, continuing monitoring; and
if the abnormal condition exists, the other equipment carries out reset operation or power on/off on the single machine.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the anomaly monitoring measure in the whole star level measure further includes:
the single machine receives data from the upstream single machine;
judging whether the data receiving is abnormal or not;
if the data is normal, the single machine continues to receive the data from the upstream single machine; and
if the abnormal condition exists, the other equipment carries out reset operation or power on/off on the single machine.
In one embodiment of the invention, the timing reset measure in the whole star level measure is that the single machine is autonomously reset by other devices before each task.
In an embodiment of the present invention, after the recovery measure after reset in the whole-satellite measure is reset, if it is detected that the state of the stand-alone is inconsistent with the currently required state, the other devices send the current state to the stand-alone, and recover the working mode and the parameter state of the stand-alone before reset.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the single-level measure is a measure for dealing with single event upset.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the single particle protection measures of the FPGA and the DSP in the single-level measure further include: key data and module protection measures, program abnormity monitoring measures and running state monitoring measures; the key data and module protection measures comprise timing refreshing and triple modular redundancy; the program abnormity monitoring measures comprise timing check and interrupt trap; the operation state monitoring measures comprise a watchdog.
In one embodiment of the invention, the timing refreshing is to regularly refresh register data of the FPGA and the DSP; the triple modular redundancy is to adopt triple modular redundancy storage to key modules and key data of the FPGA and the DSP, and a decision strategy of taking three out of two; the timing check is to check the running program code of the DSP at a timing, and the whole machine is reset when the check is wrong; the watchdog monitors the running states of the FPGA and the DSP and ensures that the watchdog can be quickly restored to a normal working state when inevitable errors occur; and the interruption trap measures are that when the single event effect causes unexpected interruption, an abnormal interruption processing program is entered, and the reset of the whole machine is executed.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the mass storage safeguard in the single-level measure further comprises:
the method comprises the following steps of performing exception monitoring measures on the large-capacity memory, wherein the exception monitoring measures are that when the large-capacity memory cannot be read out or written in, the memory is reset, the state is recovered to be normal after the reset, and the stored data are not lost; and
and the large-capacity memory ECC processing measures are to perform error correction coding when data is written, and perform decoding and error correction when the data is read, so that the correctness of the downloaded data is ensured.
The invention provides a protection and fault processing method for dealing with space particle effect, which respectively protects the receiving, storing and sending processes of data, a data processing program, a processing module and the like in a targeted manner according to a data transmission flow, and realizes the comprehensive protection from a single machine level to a whole star level. The method can find abnormality in time, automatically correct or automatically reset the abnormal state to enter an initial state, automatically recover the current working mode, continue the current communication, simultaneously ensure the continuity of the whole communication process and the correctness of downloaded data, and ensure that a ground receiving end cannot feel the fault caused by the single event effect.
Drawings
To further clarify the above and other advantages and features of embodiments of the present invention, a more particular description of embodiments of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings. It is appreciated that these drawings depict only typical embodiments of the invention and are therefore not to be considered limiting of its scope. In the drawings, the same or corresponding parts will be denoted by the same or similar reference numerals for clarity.
Fig. 1 is an architecture diagram illustrating a method for protecting against space particle effects and handling faults according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a whole-star single-particle protection detection point of a protection and fault handling method for dealing with the space particle effect according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In the following description, the invention is described with reference to various embodiments. One skilled in the relevant art will recognize, however, that the embodiments may be practiced without one or more of the specific details, or with other alternative and/or additional methods, materials, or components. In other instances, well-known structures, materials, or operations are not shown or described in detail to avoid obscuring aspects of embodiments of the invention. Similarly, for purposes of explanation, specific numbers, materials and configurations are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of the invention. However, the invention may be practiced without specific details. Further, it should be understood that the embodiments shown in the figures are illustrative representations and are not necessarily drawn to scale.
Reference in the specification to "one embodiment" or "the embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the invention. The appearances of the phrase "in one embodiment" in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment.
It should be noted that, in the embodiments of the present invention, the process steps are described in a specific order, however, this is only for convenience of distinguishing the steps, and the order of the steps is not limited, and in different embodiments of the present invention, the order of the steps may be adjusted according to the adjustment of the process.
The invention provides a protection and fault processing method for dealing with space particle effect, which respectively protects the receiving, storing and sending processes of data, a data processing program, a module and the like in a targeted manner according to a data transmission process, and realizes the comprehensive protection from a single machine level to a whole star level. The method can find abnormality in time, automatically correct or automatically reset the abnormal state to enter an initial state, automatically recover the current working mode, continue the current communication, simultaneously ensure the continuity of the whole communication process and the correctness of downloaded data, and ensure that a ground receiving end cannot feel the fault caused by the single event effect.
The architecture of a method for protecting against the effect of space particles and handling faults according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Fig. 1 is an architecture diagram illustrating a protection and fault handling method for dealing with space particle effect according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 1, the architecture of the space particle effect immediate recovery method for real-time communication equipment according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a problem classification, a measure level, and a specific measure layer.
As shown in fig. 1, in the aspect of problem classification, problems generated based on a single event effect are mainly classified into three types, namely single event locking, single event upset and single event functional interruption; on the measure level, the method is divided into an integral star measure and a single-machine measure. The whole star level measures can correspond to all three types of problems, and the single level measures only aim at the single event upset problem.
The framework of the method for immediately recovering the space particle effect of the real-time communication equipment is specifically the comprehensive protection from a single machine level to a whole star level, and in the aspect of specific measures, single machine level software protection measures are mainly used for large-scale integrated circuits commonly used on communication single machines, and comprise single particle protection measures aiming at an FPGA and a DSP, protection measures containing key data and modules, program abnormity monitoring measures, running state monitoring measures and protection measures aiming at a large-capacity memory. The key data and module protection measures include timing refresh and triple modular redundancy for the FPGA and DSP. Program exception monitoring measures include timing checks, interrupt traps. The operation state monitoring measures comprise a watchdog. The protection measures aiming at the mass storage comprise mass storage abnormity monitoring measures and mass storage ECC processing measures. The large-capacity memory abnormity monitoring measure is that when the large-capacity memory cannot be read out or written in, the memory is reset, the state is recovered to be normal after reset, and the stored data is not lost. The ECC processing measure of the large-capacity memory is to carry out error correction coding when data is written, carry out decoding and error correction when the data is read, and ensure the correctness of downloaded data. The measures are taken during FPGA and DSP software design, and the method mainly aims at whether key data, key modules, programs, working states and mass memories are normally protected or not.
From the application condition, even the FPGA and the DSP of the radiation-resistant reinforced version are still very sensitive to SEE, so that a single machine needs to be monitored at the whole star level to monitor the occurrence of SEE and recover immediately; a timing reset measure is taken; and meanwhile, the state of the reset equipment is set, and the working mode and the parameter state before resetting are recovered. These measures are usually performed by a computer device on board the satellite having a data interface with the stand-alone communication.
In summary, the software protection scheme of the communication full flow according to an embodiment of the present invention is as follows:
a single machine stage:
(1) single particle protection for FPGA and DSP
Timed refreshing: timed refreshing of register data of FPGA and DSP
Second, triple modular redundancy: and performing triple modular redundancy storage and a two-out-of-three decision strategy on key modules and key data of the FPGA and the DSP.
Timing verification: and checking the running program code of the DSP at fixed time, and resetting the whole machine when the error is checked.
Fourth, watchdog: monitoring the running states of the FPGA and the DSP, and ensuring that the FPGA and the DSP can be quickly restored to a normal working state when inevitable errors occur;
interrupting the trap measures: and when the single event causes unexpected interrupt, entering an abnormal interrupt processing program and executing complete machine reset.
(2) Single event protection for high capacity memory
Monitoring the abnormality of the mass storage: once the mass storage cannot be read out or written in, the storage is reset, the state is recovered to be normal after reset, and the stored data is not lost.
ECC processing of a large-capacity memory: when writing data, carrying out error correction coding; when reading data, decoding and error correction are performed. The correctness of the stored data during the transmission is ensured.
(II) whole star level:
(1) anomaly monitoring
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a whole-star-level single-particle-protection detection point of a protection and fault processing method for dealing with a space particle effect according to an embodiment of the present invention, where, as shown in fig. 2, the whole-star-level single-particle-protection detection point includes three points: the first is the related monitoring of remote measuring of the communication key single machine by the satellite computer; the second is a data port for monitoring the data received by the communication key single machine from the upstream single machine; and thirdly, carrying out abnormity monitoring on an interface for sending data by the communication key single machine. In one embodiment of the present invention, the anomaly monitoring method comprises the following steps:
monitoring a timed sending interface: the method comprises the steps of monitoring interfaces of a single machine for sending data at fixed time, such as interfaces of telemetry, pilot frequency and the like, and carrying out reset operation or power on/off on the single machine by other equipment once the data interfaces are found to be abnormal, such as data are not updated for a long time and the like.
Monitoring an interface for receiving data: the single machine receives data from the upstream single machine, and once the upstream single machine finds that the data on the interface is abnormal, such as the data is not taken for a long time, other equipment carries out reset operation or power on/off on the single machine.
(2) Timed reset
Before each task, other devices independently reset the single machine, and the single machine can still independently initiate reloading operation under the condition that the protection measures of the single machine are invalid, so that the system reliability is improved.
(3) Recovery after reset
No matter the reset is timed reset or abnormal reset, power on and power off, the single machine state can return to the initial state after reset. And when the state of the single machine is monitored to be inconsistent with the currently required state, other equipment sends the current state to the single machine, and the setting before the resetting of the single machine is recovered. The settings include operating mode and status parameters. The method is suitable for communication interruption caused by the fact that a single event happens in the communication process. The current communication can be recovered immediately, and the ground user can not perceive the occurrence of the single event and the interruption of the communication.
The space particle effect instant recovery method for the real-time communication equipment provided by the invention respectively protects the receiving, storing and sending processes of data, a data processing program, a processing module and the like in a targeted manner according to the flow of data transmission, and realizes the comprehensive protection from a single machine level to a whole star level. The method can find abnormality in time, automatically correct or automatically reset/power on/off to enter an initial state, automatically recover the current working mode, continue the current communication, simultaneously ensure the continuity of the whole communication process and the correctness of downloaded data, and ensure that a ground receiving end cannot feel the occurrence of faults caused by single event effect.
The method for timely recovering the space single event effect for the real-time communication equipment realizes the long-time fault-free autonomous and stable operation of communication tasks of communication transceivers and data transmission single machines of several satellite models in the service life, and shows the effectiveness of the scheme provided by the invention. The software comprehensive protection idea and technology discussed by the invention have strong engineering application prospect, and can be popularized and applied to other satellite equipment except communication equipment and other spacecraft equipment except satellites.
While various embodiments of the present invention have been described above, it should be understood that they have been presented by way of example only, and not limitation. It will be apparent to persons skilled in the relevant art that various combinations, modifications, and changes can be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, the breadth and scope of the present invention disclosed herein should not be limited by any of the above-described exemplary embodiments, but should be defined only in accordance with the following claims and their equivalents.
Claims (7)
1. A method for protecting and processing faults against space particle effect comprises the steps of implementing whole star-level measures, wherein the whole star-level measures comprise abnormal monitoring measures, timed reset or reset/power on/off measures after faults are found and recovery measures after the faults are found, and the abnormal monitoring measures in the whole star-level measures comprise the following steps: set up protection monitoring point, including three: the first is the related monitoring of remote measuring of the communication key single machine by the satellite computer; the second is a data port for monitoring the data received by the communication key single machine from the upstream single machine; thirdly, monitoring the abnormity of the interface for sending data by the key communication single machine; monitoring an interface of the single machine for sending data at fixed time, and resetting or powering on or powering off the single machine by other equipment once the data interface is found to be abnormal; monitoring an interface for receiving data: the single machine receives data from the upstream single machine, and once the upstream single machine finds that the data on the interface is abnormally received, other equipment carries out reset operation or power on and power off on the single machine; after timing reset, abnormal reset or power-on/off reset, the state of the single machine returns to the initial state, the state of the single machine is monitored to be inconsistent with the currently required state, other equipment sends the current state to the single machine, and the setting before the reset of the single machine is recovered, wherein the setting comprises a working mode and state parameters, so that the current communication is recovered immediately, and the occurrence of a single event and the interruption of the communication cannot be perceived by the receiving of a ground user.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the star-level measures are measures to cope with single-event lock-in effects, single-event upset effects, and single-event functional disruption effects.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the timing reset measure in the whole star level measure is that the stand-alone is autonomously reset by other devices before each task.
4. The method of claim 1, further comprising implementing a single-level measure to counter a single event upset, the single-level measure comprising: single particle protection measures of FPGA and DSP; and mass storage safeguards.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the FPGA and DSP single event protection measures in the single-level measure further comprise: key data and module protection measures, program abnormity monitoring measures and running state monitoring measures; the key data and module protection measures comprise timing refreshing and triple modular redundancy; the program abnormity monitoring measures comprise timing check and interrupt trap; the operation state monitoring measures comprise a watchdog.
6. The method of claim 5,
the timing refreshing is to regularly refresh register data of the FPGA and the DSP;
the triple modular redundancy is to adopt triple modular redundancy storage to key modules and key data of the FPGA and the DSP, and a decision strategy of taking three out of two;
the timing check is to check the running program code of the DSP at a timing, and the whole machine is reset when the check is wrong;
the watchdog monitors the running states of the FPGA and the DSP and ensures that the watchdog can be quickly restored to a normal working state when inevitable errors occur; and
the interruption trap measures are that when the single event effect causes unexpected interruption, an abnormal interruption processing program is entered, and the reset of the whole machine is executed.
7. The method of claim 4, wherein the mass storage safeguard in the single-level measure further comprises:
the method comprises the following steps of performing exception monitoring measures on the large-capacity memory, wherein the exception monitoring measures are that when the large-capacity memory cannot be read out or written in, the memory is reset, the state is recovered to be normal after the reset, and the stored data are not lost; and
and the large-capacity memory ECC processing measures are to perform error correction coding when data is written, and perform decoding and error correction when the data is read, so that the correctness of the downloaded data is ensured.
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| CN202110293382.1A CN113014312B (en) | 2018-06-08 | 2018-06-08 | Protection and fault processing method for dealing with space particle effect |
| CN201810586642.2A CN108832990B (en) | 2018-06-08 | 2018-06-08 | Space single event effect instant recovery method for real-time communication equipment |
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| CN114665977A (en) * | 2022-03-10 | 2022-06-24 | 航天恒星科技有限公司 | Method for resisting single event effect of high-speed optical interface module in space environment |
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| CN109976962B (en) * | 2019-03-10 | 2023-10-20 | 国家卫星气象中心(国家空间天气监测预警中心) | FPGA single event upset protection method and system for FY-4A satellite lightning imager |
| US11367499B2 (en) | 2020-08-28 | 2022-06-21 | Rockwell Collins, Inc. | Mitigating single-event upsets using containerization |
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| CN108832990A (en) | 2018-11-16 |
| CN113014312B (en) | 2022-09-27 |
| CN108832990B (en) | 2021-03-16 |
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