CN113005259A - Vacuum induction melting method for controlling titanium element - Google Patents
Vacuum induction melting method for controlling titanium element Download PDFInfo
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- CN113005259A CN113005259A CN202110209965.1A CN202110209965A CN113005259A CN 113005259 A CN113005259 A CN 113005259A CN 202110209965 A CN202110209965 A CN 202110209965A CN 113005259 A CN113005259 A CN 113005259A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/0006—Adding metallic additives
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
- C21C7/06—Deoxidising, e.g. killing
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/10—Handling in a vacuum
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
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- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of alloy vacuum induction melting, and particularly relates to a vacuum induction melting method for controlling titanium element. The invention solves the technical problem of providing a vacuum induction melting method for controlling titanium element, which comprises the following steps: putting other raw materials except graphite and active metal into a vacuum induction melting furnace, vacuumizing, electrically melting, filling argon after melting, adding the graphite and the active metal except metallic titanium, regulating and controlling the temperature until the molten steel forms a film, adding the metallic titanium after the film completely covers the surface of the molten steel, and casting into a steel ingot. The method controls the error of the titanium element of different batches of steel ingots produced by the vacuum induction smelting furnace to be +/-0.05 wt%.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of alloy vacuum induction melting, and particularly relates to a vacuum induction melting method for controlling titanium element.
Background
Titanium is a deoxidizer in steel, makes the internal structure of steel compact, at the same time can refine crystal grains, reduce the ageing sensitivity and cold brittleness of steel, improve welding performance, and can avoid intergranular corrosion by adding proper titanium into stainless steel.
In low alloy steels, titanium is added as a microalloying element or in some stainless steels and superalloys, titanium is added as a major element. However, titanium is a chemically very active metal and is easily formed into compounds with elements such as oxygen, sulfur, carbon, and nitrogen in steel. Some high alloy grades of steel are smelted by vacuum induction smelting furnaces, but in vacuum induction smelting furnaces there is not absolute vacuum, and there is a problem with the yield control of the easily burnt elements, especially the titanium element which is very active in chemical properties. How to accurately control the content of titanium element to approximate the chemical compositions of different batches of steel ingots produced by a vacuum induction melting furnace has become an important subject.
Based on the above situation, it is necessary to develop the research work of the yield of the titanium element smelted by the vacuum induction smelting furnace and to improve the basic approach of the titanium element of the steel ingots of different batches produced by the vacuum induction smelting furnace.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem solved by the invention is as follows: the existing vacuum induction smelting furnace has unstable yield of titanium element smelting, and influences the component uniformity of steel ingots produced by the vacuum induction smelting furnace in different batches.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows: the vacuum induction melting method for controlling the titanium element comprises the following steps: putting other raw materials except graphite and active metal into a vacuum induction melting furnace, vacuumizing, electrically melting, filling argon after melting, adding the graphite and the active metal except metallic titanium, regulating and controlling the temperature until the molten steel forms a film, adding the metallic titanium after the film completely covers the surface of the molten steel, and casting into a steel ingot.
Wherein, in the vacuum induction melting method for controlling the titanium element, the vacuum degree is less than 10 Pa.
In the vacuum induction melting method for controlling titanium element, the active metal is at least one of metal silicon, metal manganese, metal aluminum, metal titanium, metal magnesium and rare earth.
Preferably, in the vacuum induction melting method for controlling titanium element, the metal titanium is sponge titanium or pure titanium.
In the vacuum induction melting method for controlling the titanium element, the crucible of the vacuum induction melting furnace is melted by pure iron at least once before being used.
In the vacuum induction melting method for controlling the titanium element, the electric melting is electric induction heating.
In the vacuum induction melting method for controlling the titanium element, the molten metal is that no solid exists in a crucible of the vacuum induction melting furnace.
In the vacuum induction melting method for controlling the titanium element, the purity of the argon is not less than 99.9%.
In the vacuum induction melting method for controlling the titanium element, argon is filled into the furnace to reach 0.4-0.6 atmospheric pressure.
In the vacuum induction melting method for controlling the titanium element, the temperature is controlled to be 1420-1560 ℃.
The vacuum induction melting method for controlling the titanium element is used for smelting steel S32160 or ERNiCrMo-3.
Has the advantages that: the invention provides a vacuum induction melting method for controlling titanium element, which strictly controls the adding sequence of raw materials: the method comprises the steps of firstly adding other raw materials except graphite and active metal, then adding the graphite and the active metal except metal titanium, finally adding metal titanium, and then combining protective argon and controlling the temperature of molten steel, thereby realizing the accurate control of the titanium element of the high-titanium-containing material, minimizing the component difference of steel ingots of different batches produced by a vacuum induction smelting furnace, and controlling the error of the titanium element within +/-0.05 wt%.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a vacuum induction melting method for controlling titanium element, which comprises the following steps:
A. calculating the weight of metal titanium to be added according to the content of titanium element in steel, putting the weighed metal titanium into a hopper, and then putting the ingot mould into a vacuum induction melting furnace;
B. putting clean and dry raw materials except graphite and active metal into a crucible of a vacuum induction melting furnace, and putting the graphite and the active metal into a hopper; the crucible of the vacuum induction smelting furnace is smelted by pure iron at least once before being used, so that the material can be really sintered, and the crucible does not have water vapor; the active metal is at least one of metal silicon, metal manganese, metal aluminum, metal titanium, metal magnesium and rare earth;
C. closing the furnace cover, vacuumizing until the pressure in the furnace is less than 10Pa, and then heating by power transmission until the raw materials except graphite and active metal are completely melted down; when no solid exists in the crucible, the raw materials are completely melted down;
D. after melting down, closing the vacuum pump, stopping vacuumizing, and filling argon with the purity not less than 99.9% into the vacuum induction melting furnace to ensure that the pressure in the furnace is 0.4-0.6 atmospheric pressure;
E. under the protection of argon, adding graphite and active metal except metallic titanium in a hopper, adjusting the temperature of molten steel to 1420-1560 ℃ to form a film, adding metallic titanium after the film completely covers the surface of the molten steel, and stirring;
F. and pouring molten steel into the steel ingot mold by adopting a direct pouring mode.
Because the activity of the active metal is higher, other raw materials except graphite and the active metal need to be melted down, and the active metal is added under the protective atmosphere, so that the active metal is prevented from reacting with oxygen, and the alloy components are reduced; meanwhile, carbon dioxide and nitrogen also influence molten steel in the smelting process, and argon is used as the cheapest inert gas, has better economical efficiency, does not react with the molten steel, is an ideal protective gas for vacuum smelting, and is introduced as the protective gas.
In the step E, if the temperature is too high, part of the added titanium metal will volatilize, and the content of the finally added titanium element cannot be ensured, and if the temperature is too low, the molten steel in the crucible starts to solidify and cannot be cast into ingots at a later stage; only when the film is formed on the surface of the molten steel, the surface of the film can not only protect the minimum amount of added metallic titanium from volatilization or volatilization so as to ensure the content of the finally added titanium element, but also ensure that the molten steel is completely liquid and can not be poured, so the temperature of the molten steel is required to be adjusted to 1420-1560 ℃ to form the film, and the metallic titanium is added and stirred after the film completely covers the surface of the molten steel.
The vacuum induction melting method for controlling the titanium element is used for smelting steel S32160 or ERNiCrMo-3.
The following examples are given to further illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention to the examples.
Example 1
Preparing an S32160 steel ingot:
A. according to the content of titanium elements in the S32160 steel of 5 x (C-0.02) -0.80 wt%, calculating the weight of titanium sponge to be added according to the content of 0.60 wt% titanium, putting the weighed titanium sponge into a hopper, and then putting the steel ingot mould into a vacuum induction melting furnace;
B. putting three furnace charges of clean and dry weighed metal chromium, metal nickel and pure iron into a crucible of a vacuum induction smelting furnace, and putting graphite, metal silicon, metal manganese and metal aluminum into a hopper;
C. closing the furnace cover, vacuumizing to 9Pa, and transmitting power to heat the furnace burden until the furnace burden is completely melted down;
D. after melting down, closing the vacuum pump, stopping vacuumizing, and filling argon into the furnace body of the vacuum induction melting furnace to ensure that the pressure in the furnace is 0.5 atmosphere;
E. under the protection of argon, adding graphite, metallic silicon, metallic manganese and metallic aluminum in a hopper, adjusting the temperature of the molten steel to 1520-1540 ℃ to enable the surface of the molten steel to form a film, adding titanium sponge after the film completely covers the surface of the molten steel, and stirring;
F. and pouring molten steel into the steel ingot mold by adopting a direct pouring mode.
After the casting, a sample was taken for chemical composition analysis, and the content of titanium element was 0.59 wt%.
Example 2
Preparing an ERNiCrMo-3 steel ingot:
A. according to the condition that the content of titanium element in ERNiCrMo-3 steel is not more than 0.40 wt%, calculating the weight of sponge titanium required to be added according to 0.30 wt%, putting the weighed sponge titanium into a hopper, and then putting a steel ingot mould into a vacuum induction melting furnace;
B. clean and dry four furnace charges of metal chromium, metal nickel, metal molybdenum and metal niobium which are weighed are put into a crucible of a vacuum induction melting furnace, and graphite, metal silicon, metal manganese and metal aluminum are put into a hopper;
C. closing the furnace cover, vacuumizing to 9Pa, and transmitting power to heat the furnace burden until the furnace burden is completely melted down;
D. after melting down, closing the vacuum pump, stopping vacuumizing, and filling argon into the vacuum induction melting furnace to ensure that the pressure of the vacuum induction melting furnace is 0.5 atmospheric pressure;
E. under the protection of argon, adding graphite, metallic silicon, metallic manganese and metallic aluminum in a hopper, adjusting the temperature of the molten steel to 1480-1500 ℃ to enable the surface of the molten steel to form a film, adding titanium sponge after the film completely covers the surface of the molten steel, and stirring;
F. and pouring molten steel into the steel ingot mold by adopting a direct pouring mode.
After the casting, a sample was taken for chemical composition analysis, and the content of titanium element was 0.28 wt%.
The titanium element content of the steel ingots prepared in the examples 1 and 2 meets the design requirements. The titanium element is accurately controlled, so that the content deviation of the titanium element of steel ingots produced by the vacuum induction smelting furnace in different batches is +/-0.05 wt%.
Claims (10)
1. The vacuum induction melting method for controlling the titanium element is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: putting other raw materials except graphite and active metal into a vacuum induction melting furnace, vacuumizing, electrically melting, filling argon after melting, adding the graphite and the active metal except metallic titanium, regulating and controlling the temperature until the molten steel forms a film, adding the metallic titanium after the film completely covers the surface of the molten steel, and casting into a steel ingot.
2. The method of controlling vacuum induction melting of elemental titanium as recited in claim 1, wherein: the vacuum degree is less than 10 Pa.
3. The vacuum induction melting method of controlling titanium element as recited in claim 1 or 2, wherein: the active metal is at least one of metal silicon, metal manganese, metal aluminum, metal titanium, metal magnesium and rare earth; preferably, the metal titanium is sponge titanium or pure titanium.
4. The method for controlling vacuum induction melting of titanium according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: the crucible of the vacuum induction smelting furnace is smelted by pure iron at least once before being used.
5. The method for controlling vacuum induction melting of titanium according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: the electric melting is electric induction heating.
6. The vacuum induction melting method of controlling titanium according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein: the meltdown means that no solid exists in a crucible of the vacuum induction melting furnace.
7. The method for controlling vacuum induction melting of titanium according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein: the purity of the argon is not less than 99.9%.
8. The vacuum induction melting method of controlling titanium according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein: filling argon into the furnace to 0.4-0.6 atmospheric pressure.
9. The method for controlling vacuum induction melting of titanium according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein: the temperature is controlled to be 1420-1560 ℃.
10. The method of vacuum induction melting with controlled titanium content as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9 for the smelting of steel grades S32160 or ERNiCrMo-3.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114121175A (en) * | 2021-11-29 | 2022-03-01 | 成都先进金属材料产业技术研究院股份有限公司 | Method for controlling charging and end point components of LF (ladle furnace) |
| CN114351034A (en) * | 2022-01-07 | 2022-04-15 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Method for controlling carbon and nitrogen content in smelting high-titanium steel by vacuum induction furnace |
| CN115449656A (en) * | 2022-09-27 | 2022-12-09 | 成都先进金属材料产业技术研究院股份有限公司 | Preparation method of high-purity chromium-based alloy |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114121175A (en) * | 2021-11-29 | 2022-03-01 | 成都先进金属材料产业技术研究院股份有限公司 | Method for controlling charging and end point components of LF (ladle furnace) |
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| CN115449656A (en) * | 2022-09-27 | 2022-12-09 | 成都先进金属材料产业技术研究院股份有限公司 | Preparation method of high-purity chromium-based alloy |
| CN115449656B (en) * | 2022-09-27 | 2024-03-26 | 成都先进金属材料产业技术研究院股份有限公司 | Preparation method of high-purity chromium-based alloy |
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Application publication date: 20210622 |