CN114351034B - Method for controlling carbon and nitrogen content in smelting high-titanium steel by vacuum induction furnace - Google Patents
Method for controlling carbon and nitrogen content in smelting high-titanium steel by vacuum induction furnace Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for controlling carbon and nitrogen contents in smelting high titanium steel by a vacuum induction furnace, wherein the carbon, titanium and nitrogen in molten steel are calculated according to the mass percent: 0.4 to 0.5 percent of carbon, 0.5 to 1.45 percent of titanium and less than or equal to 0.003 percent of nitrogen, the whole preliminary melting stage is carried out under the vacuum condition, industrial pure iron, aluminum particles and ferrosilicon are loaded into a vacuum induction furnace, the vacuum is pumped, and furnace burden is heated; adding high-carbon ferromanganese for refining; filling argon into the furnace, heating to break a film, adding titanium sponge, and keeping at 1550-1600 ℃ for 3-6 min after full melting; tapping temperature is 1500-1520 ℃, and live casting is carried out. The advantages are that: the content of C in the molten steel is 0.4-0.5% and the content of N is less than 0.003%; argon is filled in the alloying stage to effectively avoid the volatilization of Ti, and finally the content of Ti in the molten steel is stably controlled to be 0.5-1.45 percent.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for controlling carbon and nitrogen contents in smelting high titanium steel in a vacuum induction furnace.
Background
Ti is a good deoxidizing and degassing agent in steel and an effective element for fixing N, C. The application of Ti in steel is mainly in a micro-alloying mode, and the addition of a certain amount of Ti in the steel can realize the effects of refining the steel structure, improving the strength of the steel, improving the plasticity and impact toughness of the steel and the like. The high titanium steel (Ti content is 0.5%) has the characteristics of high strength, high toughness, high wear resistance and the like due to TiC precipitation, and has wide application prospect. However, Ti in the steel reacts with N, C to form TiN and TiC, which form large-grained and angular inclusions in the steel, and affect the surface quality of the high titanium steel.
In pilot production, a vacuum induction furnace is often used as main smelting equipment, and Ti has strong oxidizing property, so that comprehensive control of Ti, N and C is a difficult point when high-titanium steel is smelted in vacuum. The prior art only has a control method aiming at Ti, and the content of Ti is lower.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a method for controlling the contents of carbon and nitrogen in high-titanium steel smelted by a vacuum induction furnace, which can accurately control chemical components and comprehensively control three elements of Ti, N and C at the same time, so that the content of Ti in finished steel is 0.5-1.45%, the content of N is not more than 0.003% and the content of C is 0.4-0.5%.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a method for controlling the contents of carbon and nitrogen in smelting high-titanium steel by a vacuum induction furnace comprises the following three elements in percentage by mass in molten steel: 0.4 to 0.5 percent of carbon, 0.5 to 1.45 percent of titanium and less than or equal to 0.003 percent of nitrogen, and comprises the following steps:
1) initial stage of melting
The whole preliminary melting stage is carried out under the vacuum condition, and industrial pure iron, aluminum particles and ferrosilicon are pure iron according to the mass ratio: aluminum particles: ferrosilicon (95-99): (0.1-0.2): (1-2) putting the furnace into a vacuum induction furnace, vacuumizing for 8-12 min, and heating furnace charge when the pressure in the furnace is not more than 10Pa, wherein the melting rate is 3.6-5.4 kg/min;
2) refining stage
After the primary melting is finished, refining at 1550-1650 ℃, for 18-22 min, and under the refining vacuum degree of 2-5 Pa, the nitrogen content in molten steel is less than 0.003%, adding high-carbon ferromanganese, and accurately controlling the carbon content to be 0.4% -0.5%;
3) alloying stage
After refining, stopping vacuumizing, and filling argon into the furnace to ensure that the pressure in the furnace is more than or equal to 1064 Pa;
argon is filled, the temperature is raised, the film is broken, 5-15 kg/ton of steel sponge titanium is added, and the temperature is kept for 3-6 min at 1550-1600 ℃ after full melting;
4) pouring stage
Tapping temperature is 1500-1520 ℃, and live casting is carried out.
The pure iron comprises the following components in percentage by mass: more than or equal to 99.9 percent of Fe, less than or equal to 0.003 percent of C, and the balance of inevitable impurities.
The ferrosilicon comprises the following components in percentage by mass: more than or equal to 99.9 percent of Si, and the balance of Fe.
The aluminum particles comprise the following components in percentage by mass: more than or equal to 98 percent of Al, and the balance of C.
The high-carbon ferromanganese comprises the following components in percentage by mass: c: 7% -9%, Mn: 69% -82%, Fe: 10 to 21 percent of the total weight of the alloy, and less than or equal to 0.0056 percent of N.
The titanium sponge comprises the following components in percentage by mass: more than or equal to 99.9 percent of Ti and the balance of Fe.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the content of C in the molten steel is 0.4-0.5% and the content of N is less than 0.003%; argon is filled in the alloying stage to effectively avoid the volatilization of Ti, and finally the content of Ti in the molten steel is stably controlled to be 0.5-1.45 percent.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in detail below, but it should be noted that the practice of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.
Example 1:
a200 kg vacuum induction furnace is adopted to produce 150kg steel ingots, and the method comprises the following steps:
1) initial stage of melting
The whole primary melting stage is carried out under the vacuum condition, 150kg of clean and dry industrial pure iron, 0.1kg of aluminum particles and 2.2kg of silicon iron are loaded into a vacuum induction furnace, the furnace cover is closed, the vacuum is pumped for 10min, when the pressure in the furnace is 10Pa, the furnace charge is heated by power transmission, and the melting rate is 4.5 kg/min.
2) Refining stage
After the initial melting is finished, the refining temperature is 1600 ℃, the refining time is 20min, the refining vacuum degree is 2Pa, the nitrogen content in the molten steel is 0.003 percent, 9kg of high-carbon ferromanganese is added, and the carbon content is accurately controlled to be 0.42 percent.
3) Alloying stage
And after refining, cutting off the power to form a film, entering an alloying stage, closing the vacuum pump, stopping vacuumizing, and filling argon into the furnace, wherein the pressure of the filled argon is 1200 Pa. Argon is filled, the temperature is raised to rupture the membrane, 1kg of sponge titanium is added, and the membrane is kept for 4min at the temperature of 1550 ℃ after full melting.
4) Pouring stage
After alloying, sampling and analyzing the chemical components of the molten steel, measuring the temperature and ensuring that the tapping temperature is 1500 ℃ for live pouring after the components meet the requirements.
After the casting was completed, the contents of the components of the ingot were measured by sampling analysis as shown in table 4.
Example 2:
a200 kg vacuum induction furnace is adopted to produce 180kg steel ingots, and the method comprises the following steps:
1) initial stage of melting
The whole primary melting stage is carried out under the vacuum condition, clean and dry 180kg of industrial pure iron, 0.12kg of aluminum particles and 3.1kg of silicon iron are loaded into a vacuum induction furnace, a furnace cover is closed, vacuum pumping is carried out for 11min, when the pressure in the furnace is 8Pa, the furnace charge is heated by power transmission, and the melting rate is 4.8 kg/min.
2) Refining stage
After the initial melting is finished, the refining temperature is 1620 ℃, the refining time is 21min, the refining vacuum degree is 2Pa, the nitrogen content in the molten steel is 0.0025%, 11kg of high-carbon ferromanganese is added, and the carbon content is accurately controlled to be 0.45%.
3) Alloying stage
And after refining, cutting off the power to form a film, entering an alloying stage, closing the vacuum pump, stopping vacuumizing, and filling argon into the furnace, wherein the pressure of the filled argon is 1500 Pa. Argon is filled, the temperature is raised to rupture the membrane, 1.2kg of sponge titanium is added, and the membrane is maintained for 3min at the temperature of 1580 ℃ after full melting.
4) Pouring stage
After alloying, sampling and analyzing chemical components of the molten steel, measuring the temperature and ensuring that the tapping temperature is 1510 ℃ for live pouring after the components meet the requirements.
After the casting was completed, the contents of the components of the ingot were measured by sampling analysis as shown in table 4.
Example 3:
a200 kg vacuum induction furnace is adopted to produce 130kg steel ingots, and the method comprises the following steps:
1) initial stage of melting
The whole primary melting stage is carried out under the vacuum condition, 130kg of clean and dry industrial pure iron, 0.07kg of aluminum particles and 1.9kg of silicon iron are loaded into a vacuum induction furnace, the furnace cover is closed, vacuum pumping is carried out for 8min, when the pressure in the furnace is 9Pa, the furnace charge is heated by power transmission, and the melting rate is 3.9 kg/min.
2) Refining stage
After the primary melting is finished, the refining temperature is 1580 ℃, the refining time is 22min, the refining vacuum degree is 2Pa, the nitrogen content in the molten steel is 0.003 percent, 8kg of high-carbon ferromanganese is added, and the carbon content is accurately controlled to be 0.43 percent.
3) Alloying stage
And after refining, cutting off the power to form a film, entering an alloying stage, closing the vacuum pump, stopping vacuumizing, and filling argon into the furnace, wherein the pressure of the filled argon is 1150 Pa. Argon is filled, the temperature is raised to rupture the membrane, 0.8kg of sponge titanium is added, and the titanium sponge is fully melted and kept for 5min at the temperature of 1560 ℃.
4) Pouring stage
After alloying, sampling and analyzing the chemical components of the molten steel, measuring the temperature and ensuring that the tapping temperature is charged for pouring at 1520 ℃ after the components meet the requirements.
After the casting was completed, the contents of the components of the ingot were measured by sampling analysis as shown in table 4.
TABLE 4 elemental composition wt% of finished steel (ingot)
| C | Si | P | S | Ti | Al | N | |
| Example 1 | 0.42 | 1.21 | 0.008 | 0.01 | 0.67 | 0.023 | 0.003 |
| Example 2 | 0.45 | 1.27 | 0.01 | 0.015 | 0.65 | 0.028 | 0.0025 |
| Example 3 | 0.43 | 1.32 | 0.009 | 0.012 | 0.61 | 0.03 | 0.003 |
In the above embodiment, in the alloying stage, during the filling process of argon gas, the minimum pressure of the filling gas is calculated according to the formula (1):
in the formula (1), the reaction mixture is,
the vapour pressure of the pure substance Ti, mmHg (. times.0.133 KPa);
t-temperature of molten steel in the steelmaking process, K;
A＝-23200，B＝-0.66，C＝0，D＝13.865。
in the formula (2), P Ti -vapour pressure of Ti in the liquid steel, mmHg (× 0.133 KPa);
a Ti activity of Ti in the molten steel, mmHg (× 0.133 KPa);
r Ti -the activity coefficient of titanium;
N Ti -the molar fraction concentration of titanium.
Because of r in the molten steel Ti And N Ti Is always less than 1, so P Ti Is always less than
Thus calculating
And (4) finishing. According to the refining temperature range, when T is 1823-1923K, the refining temperature is calculated by the formula (1)
Therefore, the pressure of the filled argon is just larger than the vapor pressure 1064Pa of the pure substance Ti.
Claims (6)
1. A method for controlling the contents of carbon and nitrogen in smelting high-titanium steel by a vacuum induction furnace is characterized in that the contents of carbon, titanium and nitrogen in molten steel are calculated according to the mass percent: 0.4 to 0.5 percent of carbon, 0.5 to 1.45 percent of titanium and less than or equal to 0.003 percent of nitrogen, and the method comprises the following steps:
1) initial stage of melting
The whole primary melting stage needs to be carried out under the vacuum condition, and industrial pure iron, aluminum particles and ferrosilicon are mixed according to the mass ratio of pure iron: aluminum particles: and (5) ferrosilicon (95-99): (0.1-0.2): (1-2) putting the furnace into a vacuum induction furnace, vacuumizing for 8-12 min, and heating furnace charge when the pressure in the furnace is not more than 10Pa, wherein the melting rate is 3.6-5.4 kg/min;
2) refining stage
After the primary melting is finished, refining at 1550-1650 ℃, for 18-22 min, and under the refining vacuum degree of 2-5 Pa, the nitrogen content in molten steel is less than 0.003%, adding high-carbon ferromanganese, and accurately controlling the carbon content to be 0.4% -0.5%;
3) alloying stage
After refining, stopping vacuumizing, and filling argon into the furnace to ensure that the pressure in the furnace is more than or equal to 1064 Pa;
argon is filled, the temperature is raised, the film is broken, 5-15 kg/ton of steel sponge titanium is added, and the temperature is kept for 3-6 min at 1550-1600 ℃ after full melting;
4) pouring stage
Tapping temperature is 1500-1520 ℃, and live casting is carried out.
2. The method for controlling the content of carbon and nitrogen in the smelting of the high titanium steel by the vacuum induction furnace according to claim 1, wherein the pure iron comprises the following components in percentage by mass: fe is more than or equal to 99.9 percent, C is less than or equal to 0.003 percent, and the balance is inevitable impurities.
3. The method for controlling the content of carbon and nitrogen in smelting the high titanium steel by the vacuum induction furnace according to claim 1, wherein the ferrosilicon comprises the following components in percentage by mass: more than or equal to 99.9 percent of Si, and the balance of Fe.
4. The method for controlling the content of carbon and nitrogen in the smelting of the high titanium steel by the vacuum induction furnace according to claim 1, wherein the aluminum particles comprise the following components in percentage by mass: more than or equal to 98 percent of Al, and the balance of C.
5. The method for controlling the content of carbon and nitrogen in smelting the high titanium steel by the vacuum induction furnace according to claim 1, wherein the high carbon ferromanganese comprises the following components in percentage by mass: c: 7% -9%, Mn: 69% -82%, Fe: 10 to 21 percent of the total weight of the alloy, and less than or equal to 0.0056 percent of N.
6. The method for controlling the content of carbon and nitrogen in the smelting of the high titanium steel by the vacuum induction furnace according to claim 1, wherein the titanium sponge comprises the following components in percentage by mass: more than or equal to 99.9 percent of Ti and the balance of Fe.
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0328314A (en) * | 1989-06-23 | 1991-02-06 | Nippon Steel Corp | Method for smelting titanium-containing steel |
| CN101397624A (en) * | 2007-09-25 | 2009-04-01 | 上海崇明冶金材料厂 | Low carbon, low nitrogen and middle titanium iron |
| CN104419801A (en) * | 2013-08-23 | 2015-03-18 | 上海重型机器厂有限公司 | Nitrogen content control method for FB2 steel smelted by vacuum induction furnace |
| CN105779688A (en) * | 2016-05-04 | 2016-07-20 | 河北钢铁股份有限公司 | Method for precisely controlling nitrogen content in nitrogen-containing steel smelting in vacuum induction furnace |
| CN109778053A (en) * | 2019-01-02 | 2019-05-21 | 江苏省沙钢钢铁研究院有限公司 | A kind of vacuum metling technique of the high high titanium steel of manganese high alumina |
| CN113005259A (en) * | 2021-02-24 | 2021-06-22 | 成都先进金属材料产业技术研究院股份有限公司 | Vacuum induction melting method for controlling titanium element |
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Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0328314A (en) * | 1989-06-23 | 1991-02-06 | Nippon Steel Corp | Method for smelting titanium-containing steel |
| CN101397624A (en) * | 2007-09-25 | 2009-04-01 | 上海崇明冶金材料厂 | Low carbon, low nitrogen and middle titanium iron |
| CN104419801A (en) * | 2013-08-23 | 2015-03-18 | 上海重型机器厂有限公司 | Nitrogen content control method for FB2 steel smelted by vacuum induction furnace |
| CN105779688A (en) * | 2016-05-04 | 2016-07-20 | 河北钢铁股份有限公司 | Method for precisely controlling nitrogen content in nitrogen-containing steel smelting in vacuum induction furnace |
| CN109778053A (en) * | 2019-01-02 | 2019-05-21 | 江苏省沙钢钢铁研究院有限公司 | A kind of vacuum metling technique of the high high titanium steel of manganese high alumina |
| CN113005259A (en) * | 2021-02-24 | 2021-06-22 | 成都先进金属材料产业技术研究院股份有限公司 | Vacuum induction melting method for controlling titanium element |
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