CN114350899B - Control Ti for smelting high-titanium steel by induction furnace 2 O 3 TiN-doped method - Google Patents
Control Ti for smelting high-titanium steel by induction furnace 2 O 3 TiN-doped method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for controlling Ti in smelting high-titanium steel by an induction furnace 2 O 3 The method for TiN inclusion comprises the steps of enabling the content of N in molten steel to be not more than 0.005%, smelting industrial pure iron accounting for 90-95% of the total mass of high-titanium steel ingots, smelting ferrosilicon accounting for 2-3% of the total mass of the high-titanium steel ingots, and enabling the balance to be high-carbon ferromanganese; when smelting high titanium steel, the O content in the molten steel is less than or equal to 0.0005 percent; aluminum particles are deoxidized for smelting high titanium steel in a medium frequency induction furnace; the slagging agent consists of quicklime and bauxite; blowing a molten pool of the induction furnace to empty gas in the crucible, and pouring industrial pure iron and ferrosilicon into the furnace; after primary melting, adding aluminum particles for deoxidation, adding the aluminum particles twice, and adding sponge titanium after the O content in the steel is lower than 0.0005%; the tapping temperature is controlled between 1500 ℃ and 1520 ℃ for pouring. The advantages are that: can stably control the titanium content in the molten steel to be 0.5-1.45 percent. Adopts the aluminum deoxidation mode to avoid the oxidation of Ti into Ti 2 O 3 。
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for controlling Ti in smelting high-titanium steel by an induction furnace 2 O 3 And a method for TiN inclusion.
Background
Ti is a good deoxidizing and degassing agent in steel and an effective element for fixing N and C. The application of Ti in steel is mainly in a micro-alloying mode, and Ti in steel is mainly in a micro-alloying modeThe addition of a certain amount of Ti can realize the effects of refining the steel structure, improving the strength of the steel, improving the plasticity and impact toughness of the steel and the like. The high titanium steel (Ti content is 0.45-1.5%) has the characteristics of high strength, high toughness, high wear resistance and the like due to TiC precipitation, and has wide application prospect. And adding Ti into the steel, and embodying the effect of grain refining through TiN which is precipitated under the high-temperature condition. Under the same conditions, tiN is precipitated firstly, but the premature precipitation of TiN has the tendency of aggregation and growth, and TiN inclusions with larger particles and edges are formed in molten steel. Meanwhile, ti has strong oxidizing property and can generate Ti with O in molten steel 2 O 3 Inclusions, which affect the properties of the steel.
In pilot scale production, a medium frequency induction furnace is often used as main smelting equipment, and comprehensive control of Ti, N and O is a difficult point when high titanium steel is smelted. The prior art only has a control method aiming at Ti, and the content of Ti is lower. Therefore, it is necessary to develop an induction furnace smelting process for high titanium steel, which can precisely control chemical components and comprehensively control three elements of Ti, N and O, so that the Ti content in the finished steel is 0.45% -1.5%, the N content is not more than 0.0050% and the O content is less than 0.0005%, and Ti is effectively avoided 2 O 3 And generation of inclusion and TiN inclusion.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a method for controlling Ti in smelting high-titanium steel by an induction furnace 2 O 3 The TiN inclusion method can stably control the titanium content in the finished steel product to be 0.45-1.5 percent and effectively reduce Ti in molten steel 2 O 3 And TiN inclusions.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
control Ti for smelting high-titanium steel by induction furnace 2 O 3 The TiN inclusion method comprises the following steps:
1) Metallurgical raw material and slag former
a. The content of N in molten steel is not more than 0.0050 percent, the smelting of high-titanium steel cast ingots requires 90-95 percent of industrial pure iron by mass percent, 2-3 percent of ferrosilicon by mass percent and the balance of high-carbon ferromanganese;
b.Ti 2 O 3 conditions for precipitation of inclusions
When the high titanium steel is smelted, the O content in the molten steel is not more than 0.0005%; the high titanium steel smelted by the induction furnace is deoxidized by aluminum particles, wherein Al in the aluminum particles is more than or equal to 98 percent, and N is less than or equal to 0.0012 percent;
c. selection of slag-forming agents
CaO and Al in slag 2 O 3 The mass ratio is 1.6-1.8<0.04％、SiO 2 <8％；
2) Initial stage of melting
Firstly, purging a molten pool of an induction furnace by argon to exhaust gas in the furnace, pouring industrial pure iron and ferrosilicon into the furnace, heating and melting materials at the melting rate of 240-350 kg/h, adding a slagging agent for slagging when the raw materials begin to melt, and controlling the slag amount to be 7-13 kg/ton steel;
3) Refining stage
After primary melting is finished, adding aluminum particles for deoxidation, wherein the refining temperature is 1550-1600 ℃, adding the aluminum particles in two times, adding 0.6-1.0 kg of aluminum particles per ton of steel for the first time, refining for 8-12 min, then adding 0.1-0.3 kg of aluminum particles per ton of steel and 50-70 kg of high-carbon ferromanganese per ton of steel, so that the content of O in the steel is lower than 0.0005%, the content of C in the steel is 0.40% -0.55%, and adjusting the content of Al in the steel, so that the content of Al in the steel is 0.025% -0.035%; after the O content in the steel is lower than 0.0005 percent, adding 3.2-15.0 kg/ton of steel sponge titanium, fully melting, keeping the temperature of 1520-1570 ℃ for 15-25 min, sampling and detecting the components of the final slag, and measuring the FeO content in the slag to be lower than 0.04 percent;
4) Pouring stage
The tapping temperature is controlled to be 1500-1520 ℃, pouring is carried out, the good sealing performance of a water gap is ensured in the pouring process, and nitrogen increase is prevented.
The titanium sponge contains more than or equal to 99.9 percent of Ti and the balance of Fe.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the method can stably control the Ti content in the molten steel to be 0.5-1.45%. The N is always controlled to be less than or equal to 0.0050 percent in the molten steel smelting process, and the precipitation of TiN inclusions is effectively avoided. Controlling the O content in the molten steel to be lower than 0.0005 percent by adopting an aluminum deoxidation modeTo avoid oxidation of Ti to Ti 2 O 3 。
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in detail below, but it should be noted that the practice of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.
Control Ti for smelting high-titanium steel by induction furnace 2 O 3 The titanium content in the steel is 0.45-1.5%, and Ti in the molten steel is effectively reduced 2 O 3 The TiN inclusion specifically comprises the following steps:
1. metallurgical raw material and slag former
(1) Thermodynamic conditions for precipitation of TiN inclusions:
lg([Ti/％][N/％])＝-16813.789/T+6.346 (1)
in formula (1): t is the temperature of molten steel in the steelmaking process, and the unit is as follows: K.
generally, the steel-making temperature is 1550 to 1650 ℃, so T =1823 to 1923K and [ Ti/% ] =0.45 to 1.5 are taken and substituted into the formula (1) to obtain [ N/% ] =0.0009 to 0.0089, and because the induction furnace does not have the vacuum pumping function and is combined with the actual smelting production, the N content in molten steel is ensured to be less than or equal to 0.0050% in the smelting process, so the requirements of metallurgical raw materials and carburant on the N content are extremely high, as shown in Table 1. In conclusion, smelting the high titanium steel ingot requires 90-95% of industrial pure iron, 2-3% of ferrosilicon and the balance of high carbon ferromanganese.
TABLE 1 raw Material composition TABLE (wt/%)
| Raw materials | C | Si | Mn | P | S | Al | Ti | Fe | N |
| Pure iron | ≤0.003 | / | / | / | / | / | / | ≥99.9 | / |
| Silicon iron | / | ≥74 | / | / | / | / | / | ≤28 | / |
| High carbon ferromanganese | ≥7 | / | ≥70 | / | / | / | / | ≤30 | ≤0.005 |
(2)Ti 2 O 3 Thermodynamic conditions for impurity precipitation:
in formula (2): [% Ti ]
T = 1823-1923K, [ Ti/% ] = 0.45-1.5, and the formula (2) is substituted to obtain [ O/% ] = 0.0005-0.0008, so that the O content in the molten steel is required to be not more than 0.0005% when smelting the high titanium steel. The medium frequency induction furnace is used for smelting high titanium steel by aluminum deoxidation, and the components of aluminum particles are shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 composition of aluminum particles TABLE (wt/%)
| Raw materials | Al | Fe | N |
| Aluminum particles | ≥98 | / | ≤0.0012 |
(3) Selection of slag-forming agents
The intermediate frequency induction furnace slag mainly contains CaO and SiO 2 、Al 2 O 3 And FeO. Wherein, siO 2 FeO and the Ti in the molten steel easily react to generate TiO at the steel slag interface x The inclusions are represented by the formulae (3) and (4).
2/3[Ti]+(FeO)＝[Fe]+1/3Ti 2 O 3 (s) ΔG＝-245583.3+55.88T (3)
In formula (3): [ Ti ]
2/3[Ti]+1/2(SiO 2 )＝1/3Ti 2 O 3 (s)+1/3[Si]ΔG＝-55527.7-1.39T (4)
Therefore, to avoid Ti in molten steel from being oxidized by FeO and SiO in slag 2 Oxidation by controlled amounts of (FeO) in the slag<0.04％、(SiO 2 )<8 percent. In addition, for the purpose of effectively removing Al in molten steel 2 O 3 (CaO)/(Al) in slag 2 O 3 ) Should be controlled between 1.6 and 1.8. Therefore, the principle of slag formation of the induction furnace is as follows: (CaO)/(Al) 2 O 3 )＝1.6～1.8，(FeO)<0.04％、(SiO 2 )<8 percent. The slag former consists of metallurgical lime and bauxite, and the components of the slag former are shown in Table 3.
TABLE 3 slagging agent composition Table (wt/%)
| Slag former | CaO | Al 2 O 3 | MgO | SiO 2 | H 2 O | TiO 2 |
| Metallurgical lime | ≥88 | ≤0.5 | / | ≤1.2 | / | / |
| Bauxite | ≤0.5 | ≥85 | ≤0.5 | / | ≤2.0 | ≤5.0 |
2. Initial stage of melting
Firstly, blowing a molten pool of an induction furnace by argon to evacuate gas in a crucible, pouring clean and dry industrial pure iron and ferrosilicon into the furnace, transmitting electricity to heat molten materials, wherein the melting rate is 240-350 kg/h, and adding lime and bauxite for slagging after the raw materials are melted. The electromagnetic force of the induction coil can cause the middle of molten metal in a molten pool to bulge, so that nitrogen is absorbed in the naked air of molten steel, and the slag amount (7-13 kg/ton of steel) is increased to cover the molten steel surface.
3. Refining stage
After primary melting is finished, adding aluminum particles for deoxidation, wherein the refining temperature is 1550-1600 ℃, adding the aluminum particles for two times, adding 0.6-1.0 kg of aluminum particles per ton of steel for the first time, refining for 8-12 min, then adding 0.1-0.3 kg of aluminum particles per ton of steel and 50-70 kg of high-carbon ferromanganese per ton of steel, so that the content of O in the steel is lower than 0.0005%, the content of C in the steel is 0.40-0.55%, and adjusting the content of Al in the steel, so that the content of Al in the steel is 0.025-0.035%. And after the O content is lower than 0.0005 percent, adding 1.6-7.5 kg of sponge titanium, wherein the components of the sponge titanium are shown in the table 4, fully melting, keeping the temperature of 1520-1570 ℃ for 15-25 min, sampling and detecting the components of the final slag, and measuring that the FeO content in the slag is lower than 0.04 percent.
TABLE 4 titanium sponge composition TABLE (wt/%)
| Starting materials | Ti | Fe | N |
| Titanium sponge | ≥99.9 | Balance of | / |
4. Pouring stage
After alloying, sampling and analyzing chemical components of the molten steel, measuring the temperature and ensuring the tapping temperature to be in the range of 1500-1520 ℃ for pouring after the components meet the requirements, ensuring the water gap to have good tightness in the pouring process and preventing nitrogen increase.
Example 1:
adopt 500kg intermediate frequency induction furnace, produce 450kg steel ingot, specifically include:
1) Initial stage of melting
Firstly, blowing a molten pool of an induction furnace by argon to exhaust gas in a crucible, pouring clean and dry 425kg of industrial pure iron and 6.6kg of ferrosilicon into the furnace, transmitting power to heat a molten material, wherein the melting rate is 300kg/h, adding 5.4kg of metallurgical lime and 3kg of bauxite for slagging after raw materials begin to melt, and covering the steel liquid level, wherein the slag amount is 8.4 kg.
2) Refining stage
After the initial melting is finished, 0.4kg of aluminum particles are added for deoxidation, the refining temperature is 1590 ℃, the aluminum particles are added in two times, 0.35kg of aluminum particles are added for the first time, 0.05kg of aluminum particles and 30kg of high-carbon ferromanganese are added after refining is carried out for 10min, and the oxygen content is determined, so that the O content, the C content and the Al content in the steel are respectively 0.0004%, 0.45% and 0.031%. Adding 2.4kg of sponge titanium, fully melting, keeping at 1550 ℃ for 20min, sampling, detecting the components of the final slag, and measuring the content of FeO in the slag to be 0.02%.
3) Pouring stage
After alloying, sampling and analyzing chemical components of the molten steel, measuring the temperature and ensuring the tapping temperature to be 1520 ℃ for pouring after the components meet the requirements, ensuring good water gap tightness in the pouring process and preventing nitrogen increase.
After the casting is finished, sampling, analyzing and detecting the content of inclusions in the steel ingot, as shown in table 5.
Example 2:
adopt 500kg intermediate frequency induction furnace, produce 440kg steel ingot, specifically include:
1) Initial stage of melting
Firstly, blowing a molten pool of an induction furnace by argon to exhaust gas in a crucible, pouring clean and dry 415kg of industrial pure iron and 6.6kg of ferrosilicon into the furnace, transmitting power to heat a molten material, wherein the melting rate is 280kg/h, adding 5.1k of metallurgical lime and 3kg of bauxite for slagging after raw materials begin to melt, and covering the steel liquid level, wherein the slag amount is 8.1 kg.
2) Refining stage
After the initial melting is finished, 0.45kg of aluminum particles are added for deoxidation, the refining temperature is 1580 ℃, the aluminum particles are added in two times, 0.35kg of aluminum particles is added for the first time, 0.1kg of aluminum particles and 29kg of high-carbon ferromanganese are added after refining is carried out for 10min, and the oxygen content is determined to determine the components, so that the O content, the C content and the Al content in the steel are respectively 0.0005%, 0.45% and 0.033%. Adding 2.5kg of sponge titanium, fully melting, keeping at 1535 ℃ for 24min, sampling and detecting the components of the final slag, and measuring the FeO content in the slag to be 0.02%.
3) Pouring stage
After alloying, sampling and analyzing chemical components of the molten steel, measuring the temperature and ensuring the tapping temperature to be 1505 ℃ for pouring after the components meet the requirements, ensuring the good tightness of a water gap in the pouring process and preventing nitrogen increase.
After the casting is finished, sampling, analyzing and detecting the content of the inclusions in the steel ingot, as shown in table 5.
Example 3:
adopt 500kg intermediate frequency induction furnace, produce 480kg steel ingot, specifically include:
1) Initial stage of melting
Firstly, blowing a molten pool of an induction furnace by argon to empty gas in a crucible, pouring clean and dry 455kg of industrial pure iron and 7.1kg of ferrosilicon into the furnace, transmitting electricity to heat molten materials, wherein the melting rate is 320kg/h, adding 6.4kg of metallurgical lime and 4kg of bauxite for slagging after the raw materials are melted, and covering the molten steel surface with 10.2kg of slag.
2) Refining stage
And after the primary melting is finished, 0.5kg of aluminum particles are added for deoxidation, the refining temperature is 1580 ℃, the aluminum particles are added in two times, 0.45kg of aluminum particles are added for the first time, after 12min of refining, 0.05kg of aluminum particles and 31kg of high-carbon ferromanganese are added, and the oxygen content is determined to measure the components, so that the O content in the steel is 0.00045%, the C content is 0.45% and the Al content is 0.029%. Adding 2.6kg of sponge titanium, fully melting, keeping at 1560 ℃ for 24min, sampling, and detecting the components of the final slag to obtain the slag with the FeO content of 0.03%.
3) Pouring stage
After alloying, sampling and analyzing chemical components of the molten steel, measuring the temperature and ensuring the tapping temperature to be 1510 ℃ for pouring after the components meet the requirements, ensuring good water gap tightness in the pouring process and preventing nitrogen increase.
After the casting is finished, sampling, analyzing and detecting the content of the inclusions in the steel ingot, as shown in table 5.
TABLE 5 Ti in finished Steel (ingot) 2 O 3 Distribution of TiN inclusions
The method can stably control the Ti content in the molten steel to be 0.5-1.45%. The content of N is always controlled to be less than or equal to 0.0050 percent in the smelting process of molten steel, and the precipitation of TiN inclusions is effectively avoided. The O content in the molten steel is controlled to be lower than 0.0005 percent by adopting an aluminum deoxidation mode, and the Ti is prevented from being oxidized into Ti 2 O 3 。
Claims (2)
1. Control Ti for smelting high-titanium steel by induction furnace 2 O 3 The TiN inclusion method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) Metallurgical raw material and slag former
a. The content of N in molten steel is not more than 0.0050 percent, the smelting of high-titanium steel cast ingots requires 90 to 95 percent of industrial pure iron, 2 to 3 percent of ferrosilicon and the balance of high-carbon ferromanganese;
b.Ti 2 O 3 conditions for precipitation of inclusions
When the high titanium steel is smelted, the O content in the molten steel is not more than 0.0005%; the high titanium steel smelted by the induction furnace is deoxidized by aluminum particles, wherein Al in the aluminum particles is more than or equal to 98 percent, and N is less than or equal to 0.0012 percent;
c. selection of slag formers
CaO and Al in slag 2 O 3 The mass ratio is 1.6-1.8<0.04％、SiO 2 <8％；
2) Initial stage of melting
Purging a molten pool of an induction furnace by argon to exhaust gas in the furnace, pouring industrial pure iron and ferrosilicon into the furnace, heating and melting materials, adding a slagging agent for slagging when the raw materials begin to melt, and controlling the slag amount to be 7-13 kg/ton steel;
3) Refining stage
After the primary melting is finished, adding aluminum particles for deoxidation, wherein the refining temperature is 1550-1600 ℃, the aluminum particles are added in two times, 0.6-1.0 kg of aluminum particles per ton of steel are added for the first time, after refining is carried out for 8-12 min, 0.1-0.3 kg of aluminum particles per ton of steel and 50-70 kg of high-carbon ferromanganese per ton of steel are added, so that the O content in the steel is lower than 0.0005%, the C content is 0.40-0.55%, and the Al component in the steel is adjusted, so that the Al content in the steel is 0.025-0.035%; after the O content in the steel is lower than 0.0005 percent, adding 3.2-15.0 kg/ton of steel sponge titanium, fully melting, keeping the temperature of 1520-1570 ℃ for 15-25 min, sampling and detecting the components of the final slag, and measuring the FeO content in the slag to be lower than 0.04 percent;
4) Pouring stage
The tapping temperature is controlled to be 1500-1520 ℃, pouring is carried out, the good sealing performance of a water gap is ensured in the pouring process, and nitrogen increase is prevented.
2. The method for smelting the high titanium steel by the induction furnace according to claim 1, wherein the Ti content is controlled 2 O 3 The method for mixing TiN is characterized in that Ti in the titanium sponge is more than or equal to 99.9 percent, and the balance is Fe.
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| CN113718104A (en) * | 2021-08-31 | 2021-11-30 | 新星轻合金材料(洛阳)有限公司 | Preparation process of low-oxygen high-titanium-iron alloy |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102061412A (en) * | 2011-01-30 | 2011-05-18 | 重庆大学 | Manganese-based MnAlSiTi alloy with high titanate content and preparation method thereof |
| CN104294004A (en) * | 2013-07-16 | 2015-01-21 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Smelting method for improving isometric crystal rate of 430 ferrite stainless steel ingot |
| CN106834607A (en) * | 2017-01-19 | 2017-06-13 | 北京科技大学 | A kind of fining process for improving ferrite stainless steel continuous casting billet proportion of equiaxed grain |
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