CN112375868A - Smelting method of high-purity low-carbon steel in vacuum medium-frequency induction furnace - Google Patents
Smelting method of high-purity low-carbon steel in vacuum medium-frequency induction furnace Download PDFInfo
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- CN112375868A CN112375868A CN202011112567.XA CN202011112567A CN112375868A CN 112375868 A CN112375868 A CN 112375868A CN 202011112567 A CN202011112567 A CN 202011112567A CN 112375868 A CN112375868 A CN 112375868A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/52—Manufacture of steel in electric furnaces
- C21C5/5241—Manufacture of steel in electric furnaces in an inductively heated furnace
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C33/06—Making ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/60—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing lead, selenium, tellurium, or antimony, or more than 0.04% by weight of sulfur
Abstract
The invention discloses a smelting method of a high-purity low-carbon steel vacuum intermediate frequency induction furnace, which adopts pure iron as a smelting raw material, carries out shot blasting treatment on the pure iron, removes iron scales on the surface of the pure iron, and improves the purity of the smelting raw material; the raw materials are vacuumized before being heated and are in a vacuumized state before being heated and melted, so that the content of smelting raw materials and the gas in the furnace body environment is reduced. And stopping vacuumizing after the raw materials begin to melt, and introducing argon as protective gas until the smelting and pouring are finished. The invention overcomes the problem of insufficient molten steel oxidation caused by non-vacuum smelting of the low-carbon steel intermediate frequency induction furnace.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a smelting method of a high-purity low-carbon steel vacuum intermediate frequency induction furnace.
Background
The low carbon steel is carbon steel having a carbon content of less than 0.25%, and is also called mild steel because of its low strength and low hardness. The steel comprises most common carbon structural steel and part of high-quality carbon structural steel, most of the steel is used for engineering structural parts without heat treatment, and some of the steel is used for mechanical parts requiring wear resistance after carburization and other heat treatments.
In the vacuum induction melting, eddy current is generated in the electromagnetic induction process to melt metal. The manufacturing process can be used to refine high purity metals and alloys. Mainly comprises vacuum induction furnace smelting, suspension smelting and cold crucible smelting. Since smelting under vacuum can easily remove nitrogen, hydrogen, oxygen and carbon dissolved in steel and alloy to a level far lower than that of smelting under normal pressure, and impurity elements (copper, zinc, lead, antimony, bismuth, tin, arsenic and the like) with higher vapor pressure than that of base metal at smelting temperature can be removed by volatilization, and the components of active elements such as aluminum, titanium, boron, zirconium and the like required to be added in the alloy can be easily controlled. Therefore, the metal material smelted by vacuum induction can obviously improve various performances such as toughness, fatigue strength, corrosion resistance, high-temperature creep property, magnetic permeability of the magnetic alloy and the like.
1. The patent "a high-quality high-tungsten high-cobalt nickel alloy material and its preparation method" introduces a method for smelting high-tungsten high-cobalt nickel alloy by using vacuum induction furnace. The method has two defects, one is that the refining is carried out in the refining period under the condition that the vacuum degree is less than 1Pa, so that the molten steel splashing problem exists, and the service life of a furnace mouth is reduced; and secondly, cooling to the molten steel surface to form a film after refining is finished, filling argon to 5000-20000 Pa, adding metal zirconium, wherein the metal zirconium exists on the surface of the steel film, and causing uneven distribution of zirconium element in the molten steel. The smelting method has two advantages: firstly, inert protective gas argon is filled into the molten steel before melting, the gas pressure is 0.06MPa, molten steel splashing in the smelting process is avoided under the condition of micro negative pressure, and the service life of a furnace mouth is prolonged. Secondly, when the temperature of the molten steel is about 1600 ℃ near the end of the whole smelting process, aluminum particles, ferrosilicon, metal manganese and the like are added for deoxidation alloying, and the mixture is stirred for a certain time, so that the molten steel is prevented from crusting, and alloy components can be uniformly distributed in the molten steel.
2. The patent 'a high manganese high chromium austenitic stainless steel and a preparation method thereof' introduces a method for smelting the high manganese high chromium austenitic stainless steel by adopting a non-vacuum induction furnace. The method has the defects that molten steel smelted under the non-vacuum condition can be oxidized, so that the oxygen content of the molten steel is higher, and inclusions in steel are increased. The method is characterized in that inert gas is filled after vacuum pumping, smelting is carried out under the protection of the inert gas, molten steel oxidation is avoided, oxygen content of the molten steel is low, and the quantity of impurities in the steel is small.
3. The patent "a method for smelting high-chromium ultrapure ferrite stainless steel by vacuum induction" introduces a method for smelting high-chromium ultrapure ferrite stainless steel by using a vacuum induction furnace. The method has the defects that the iron scale on the outer surface of the pure iron in the alloy material is not polished, the oxygen content of the molten steel can be increased by the surface iron scale in the smelting process, and particularly, the purity of the stainless steel can be reduced by the ultra-pure ferrite stainless steel. The shot blasting treatment is carried out on the industrial pure iron as the smelting raw material, the iron scale on the surface of the pure iron is removed, and the oxidation of the iron scale on molten steel is avoided.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a smelting method of a high-purity low-carbon steel vacuum intermediate frequency induction furnace, which solves the problem of insufficient molten steel oxidation caused by non-vacuum smelting of the low-carbon steel intermediate frequency induction furnace.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention relates to a smelting method of a high-purity low-carbon steel vacuum intermediate frequency induction furnace, which comprises the following steps:
1) performing shot blasting treatment on industrial pure iron as a smelting raw material to remove iron oxide scales on the surface of the pure iron and improve the purity of the smelting raw material;
2) weighing a certain amount of pure iron, carbon powder, ferrosilicon, manganese metal and aluminum particles according to the element proportion of the smelting steel;
3) placing an ingot mold and a riser; adding raw materials into the crucible, and closing the furnace cover after various preparation works are done;
4) starting a slide valve pump to vacuumize the furnace chamber, starting a roots pump when a vacuum gauge reaches 0.08MPa, and electrically heating with low power, wherein the power is about 30 kwh;
5) before the raw materials are melted, the raw materials are always in a vacuum state, and the vacuum degree is less than 40 Pa;
6) when the raw materials begin to melt, the power supply power is increased, the power is 100kwh, the stop valve is closed, the argon filling valve is closed when the argon is filled to 0.06MPa, and the heating is continued;
7) the melting condition of furnace charge and the change of vacuum degree should be closely observed in the melting process;
8) adding aluminum particles, ferrosilicon and manganese metal to deoxidize and alloy when the temperature of the molten steel approaches to about 1600 ℃ in the whole smelting process, stirring for a certain time, and then pouring; and after the pouring is finished, maintaining the pressure for more than 30min, breaking the air, filling air, and finishing the smelting.
Further, the steel grade comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 0.12 to 0.20 percent of carbon; less than or equal to 0.30 percent of silicon, 0.30 to 0.70 percent of manganese, less than or equal to 0.045 percent of sulfur, less than or equal to 0.045 percent of phosphorus, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial technical effects that:
the smelting process of the low-carbon steel is stable, the oxygen content in the steel is low (the oxygen content is less than 25ppm), and the purity of the molten steel is high. In the early stage, a non-vacuum induction furnace is adopted to smelt low-carbon steel, molten steel splashes in the smelting process, the molten steel is seriously oxidized, the oxygen content in the steel is higher (the oxygen content is 70-150ppm), and the purity of the molten steel is poor.
The average smelting experiment of the high-purity low-carbon steel is 60 furnaces per year, the smelting price is 4156 yuan per furnace, and the economic benefit is 60 multiplied by 4156 to 24.936 ten thousand yuan per year.
Detailed Description
A smelting method of a high-purity low-carbon steel vacuum intermediate frequency induction furnace comprises the following alloy chemical components: 0.12 to 0.20 percent of carbon; less than or equal to 0.30 percent of silicon, 0.30 to 0.70 percent of manganese, less than or equal to 0.045 percent of sulfur and less than or equal to 0.045 percent of phosphorus; pure iron is adopted as a smelting raw material, shot blasting treatment is carried out on the pure iron, iron oxide scales on the surface of the pure iron are removed, and the purity of the smelting raw material is improved; the raw materials are vacuumized before being heated and are in a vacuumized state before being heated and melted, so that the content of smelting raw materials and the gas in the furnace body environment is reduced. And stopping vacuumizing after the raw materials begin to melt, and introducing argon as protective gas until the smelting and pouring are finished. The method specifically comprises the following steps:
1) carrying out shot blasting treatment on industrial pure iron as a smelting raw material, removing iron oxide scales on the surface of the pure iron, and improving the purity of the smelting raw material.
2) According to the element proportion of smelting steel, a certain amount of pure iron, carbon powder, ferrosilicon, manganese metal, aluminum particles and the like are weighed.
3) And placing an ingot mold and a riser. Adding pure iron, carbon powder and other raw materials into the crucible, and closing the furnace cover after various preparation works are completed.
4) And starting a slide valve pump to vacuumize the furnace chamber, starting the roots pump when the vacuum gauge reaches 0.08MPa, and electrically heating with low power, wherein the power is about 30 kwh.
5) Before the raw materials are melted, the raw materials are always in a vacuum state, and the vacuum degree is less than 40 Pa.
6) When the raw materials begin to melt, the power supply power is increased, the power is about 100kwh, the stop valve is closed, the argon filling valve is closed when the argon is filled to 0.06MPa, and the heating is continued.
7) The melting condition of the furnace charge and the change of the vacuum degree should be closely observed in the melting process.
8) When the temperature of the whole smelting process approaches to the temperature of about 1600 ℃ of the molten steel, adding aluminum particles, ferrosilicon, metal manganese and the like for deoxidation alloying, stirring for a certain time, and then pouring. And after the pouring is finished, maintaining the pressure for more than 30min, breaking the air, filling air, and finishing the smelting.
The average smelting experiment of the high-purity low-carbon steel is 60 furnaces per year, the smelting price is 4156 yuan per furnace, and the economic benefit is 60 multiplied by 4156 to 24.936 ten thousand yuan per year.
The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements of the technical solutions of the present invention can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the technical solutions of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention defined by the claims.
Claims (2)
1. A smelting method of a high-purity low-carbon steel vacuum intermediate frequency induction furnace is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) performing shot blasting treatment on industrial pure iron as a smelting raw material to remove iron oxide scales on the surface of the pure iron and improve the purity of the smelting raw material;
2) weighing a certain amount of pure iron, carbon powder, ferrosilicon, manganese metal and aluminum particles according to the element proportion of the smelting steel;
3) placing an ingot mold and a riser; adding raw materials into the crucible, and closing the furnace cover after various preparation works are done;
4) starting a slide valve pump to vacuumize the furnace chamber, starting a roots pump when a vacuum gauge reaches 0.08MPa, and electrically heating with low power, wherein the power is about 30 kwh;
5) before the raw materials are melted, the raw materials are always in a vacuum state, and the vacuum degree is less than 40 Pa;
6) when the raw materials begin to melt, the power supply power is increased, the power is 100kwh, the stop valve is closed, the argon filling valve is closed when the argon is filled to 0.06MPa, and the heating is continued;
7) the melting condition of furnace charge and the change of vacuum degree should be closely observed in the melting process;
8) adding aluminum particles, ferrosilicon and manganese metal to deoxidize and alloy when the temperature of the molten steel approaches to about 1600 ℃ in the whole smelting process, stirring for a certain time, and then pouring; and after the pouring is finished, maintaining the pressure for more than 30min, breaking the air, filling air, and finishing the smelting.
2. The method for smelting the high-purity low-carbon steel by the vacuum intermediate frequency induction furnace according to claim 1, wherein the steel comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 0.12 to 0.20 percent of carbon; less than or equal to 0.30 percent of silicon, 0.30 to 0.70 percent of manganese, less than or equal to 0.045 percent of sulfur, less than or equal to 0.045 percent of phosphorus, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202011112567.XA CN112375868A (en) | 2020-10-16 | 2020-10-16 | Smelting method of high-purity low-carbon steel in vacuum medium-frequency induction furnace |
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| CN202011112567.XA CN112375868A (en) | 2020-10-16 | 2020-10-16 | Smelting method of high-purity low-carbon steel in vacuum medium-frequency induction furnace |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113278810A (en) * | 2021-04-15 | 2021-08-20 | 山西太钢不锈钢股份有限公司 | Smelting control method for vacuum induction furnace in melting period |
| CN113930690A (en) * | 2021-09-22 | 2022-01-14 | 包头钢铁（集团）有限责任公司 | High-purity low-carbon steel and preparation method thereof |
| CN115466899A (en) * | 2022-08-23 | 2022-12-13 | 包头钢铁（集团）有限责任公司 | Method for smelting high-carbon steel standard sample by vacuum intermediate frequency induction furnace |
| CN115747618A (en) * | 2022-11-29 | 2023-03-07 | 包头钢铁（集团）有限责任公司 | Ingot for producing low-carbon steel standard sample and smelting and casting method thereof |
Citations (3)
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| CN101372720A (en) * | 2008-09-19 | 2009-02-25 | 山西太钢不锈钢股份有限公司 | High vacuum induction furnace steel-smelting carburetion method |
| CN102212652A (en) * | 2011-05-17 | 2011-10-12 | 武汉钢铁(集团)公司 | Rapid degassing method of vacuum induction furnace |
| CN104946851A (en) * | 2015-07-15 | 2015-09-30 | 武汉钢铁(集团)公司 | Smelting method capable of lowering O in ultra-low carbon steel water in vacuum induction furnace to be no greater than 0.001 percent |
-
2020
- 2020-10-16 CN CN202011112567.XA patent/CN112375868A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101372720A (en) * | 2008-09-19 | 2009-02-25 | 山西太钢不锈钢股份有限公司 | High vacuum induction furnace steel-smelting carburetion method |
| CN102212652A (en) * | 2011-05-17 | 2011-10-12 | 武汉钢铁(集团)公司 | Rapid degassing method of vacuum induction furnace |
| CN104946851A (en) * | 2015-07-15 | 2015-09-30 | 武汉钢铁(集团)公司 | Smelting method capable of lowering O in ultra-low carbon steel water in vacuum induction furnace to be no greater than 0.001 percent |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113278810A (en) * | 2021-04-15 | 2021-08-20 | 山西太钢不锈钢股份有限公司 | Smelting control method for vacuum induction furnace in melting period |
| CN113930690A (en) * | 2021-09-22 | 2022-01-14 | 包头钢铁（集团）有限责任公司 | High-purity low-carbon steel and preparation method thereof |
| CN115466899A (en) * | 2022-08-23 | 2022-12-13 | 包头钢铁（集团）有限责任公司 | Method for smelting high-carbon steel standard sample by vacuum intermediate frequency induction furnace |
| CN115747618A (en) * | 2022-11-29 | 2023-03-07 | 包头钢铁（集团）有限责任公司 | Ingot for producing low-carbon steel standard sample and smelting and casting method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20210219 |