CN102477473B - Method for controlling boron content of boron-containing steel smelted by vacuum induction furnace - Google Patents
Method for controlling boron content of boron-containing steel smelted by vacuum induction furnace Download PDFInfo
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- CN102477473B CN102477473B CN 201010557757 CN201010557757A CN102477473B CN 102477473 B CN102477473 B CN 102477473B CN 201010557757 CN201010557757 CN 201010557757 CN 201010557757 A CN201010557757 A CN 201010557757A CN 102477473 B CN102477473 B CN 102477473B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for controlling the boron content of boron-containing steel smelted by a vacuum induction furnace, which includes the steps: I preparing a crucible for smelting steel not less than the quantity of steel in 5 furnaces, II preparing raw materials and placing iron boron and aluminum pills into an alloy hopper, III charging pure iron or scrap steel and iron alloy or return scrap into the crucible and charging silicon iron, manganese metal and iron boron into the hopper, IV closing a furnace cover, vacuumizing to enable the pressure in the furnace not more than 10Pa and heating the furnace charge by means of power supply, V smelting the furnace charge with the smelting speed not more than one half of the maximum capacity of one furnace per hour, VI turning into high-vacuum refining for 18-22 minutes when the raw materials are smelted into molten steel and the pressure in the furnace is not more than 2.0 Pa, VII filling argon into the furnace after vacuumizing stops, VIII alloying by regulating other components under protection of the argon, IX performing final deoxidization, and X adding iron boron for smelting. By the aid of the method, the boron quantity increase is not more than 0.0005%, and fluctuation of boron in the steel is not more than +/-0.001%.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of vacuum induction furnace smelting boron-containing steel and control the method for boron content.
Background technology
Boron is the microalloying element in steel or alloy, and intensity and the hardening capacity that improves steel is played an important role, and boron is more active element, and at the steel-making temperature, boron is oxidation very easily.The method that existing vacuum induction furnace smelting boron-containing steel is controlled boron content is to smelt the later stage to add ferro-boron to increase boron, and because oxygen in boron and molten steel reacts, the boron rate of recovery is below 80%, and owing to all containing binding agent boric acid (H in crucible refractory material
3BO
3), decompose in the process of steel-making, cause molten steel to increase boron, increase the boron amount between 0.001-0.003%.So the fluctuation range of boron is generally 0.005%, be difficult to satisfy the accurate control of steel grade boron content.
Summary of the invention
Control the above-mentioned deficiency of the method for boron content in order to overcome existing vacuum induction furnace smelting boron-containing steel, the invention provides a kind of vacuum induction furnace smelting boron-containing steel and control the method for boron content, adopt method of the present invention to increase the boron amount and be not more than 0.0005%, in steel the fluctuation range of boron be not more than ± 0.001%.
Technical scheme of the present invention is when the vacuum induction furnace smelting boron-containing steel, take to limit boron scaling loss and crucible refractory material and increase boron two aspect technological factors: high vacuum is smelted latter stage, be filled with argon shield in stove, add 0.05% Al deoxidation, then add ferro-boron, make the rate of recovery 98%-99.5% of boron; Fire proof material of furnace lining mesoboric acid consumption removes the limit 0.8%, and smelts boron-containing steel after the crucible access times surpass 5 stoves again, make to increase the boron amount and be not more than 0.001%, in steel the fluctuation range of boron be not more than ± 0.001%.
The method that this high vacuum induction furnace is smelted boron-containing steel control boron content comprises following step successively:
I prepares crucible
Crucible used is the crucible with the electrosmelted magnesite clinker knotting, and the weight proportion of the material mesoboric acid of knotting crucible is 0.75%-0.85%, and after the crucible sintering, steel-making is no less than 5 stoves.
II prepares raw material
According to the per distribution ratio of boron content in the boracic steel grade and smelt the weight of boracic steel grade, calculate the weight of the ferro-boron that need to add, the good ferro-boron of scale is put into the alloy hopper.The aluminum shot that accounts for molten steel weight 0.045%-0.055% is also packed in hopper simultaneously.
The III charging
In the crucible of the dry pure iron (or home scrap) of cleaning, iron alloy (selecting extra low carbon ferrochromium, chromium metal, nickel beans, molybdenum-iron etc. to contain the iron alloy of the element of not volatile and oxidation according to the steel grades) vacuum induction furnace of packing into, ferrosilicon, manganese metal, the ferro-boron hopper of packing into.
IV closes bell and vacuumizes
Close bell.Vacuumize 12-16 minute, when in stove, pressure is not more than 10Pa, power transmission heating furnace charge.
The V melting batch
Furnace charge in the power transmission fusion crucible, burn-off rate≤1/2 stove maximum capacity/hour.
The VI refining
The interior solid material of crucible of packing into all is fused into molten steel, when the pressure in stove is not more than 2.0Pa, changes the high vacuum refining over to, and refining vacuum tightness 0.4Pa-0.6Pa is generally 0.5Pa, refining time 18-22 minute, is generally 20 minutes.
The VII inflation
Refining is closed vacuum pump after finishing, and stops vacuumizing, and be filled with argon gas in stove, and applying argon gas pressure is not less than 10
4Pa.
The VIII alloying
Under the protection of argon gas, according to the steel grade of boron-containing steel, adjust other composition outside the boron composition, make other composition meet the requirement of steel grade.
The IX final deoxygenation
Add the aluminum shot deoxidation, add-on is the 0.045%-0.055% of Metal Weight.
X adds ferro-boron
The ferro-boron of hopper of packing into is added to melting in crucible.
After melting finishes, steel tapping casting.In order to guarantee that molten steel do not lower the temperature at casting process, guarantee that cast carries out smoothly, adopt the mode of charged cast that molten steel is poured in ingot mold.
This vacuum induction furnace smelting boron-containing steel is controlled the method for boron content, by reducing the consumption of crucible refractory material boric acid, refines the content boron steel after new crucible refining five stoves again, controls to increase the boron amount, increases the boron amount and is not more than 0.0005%; By increase the aluminium deoxidation link latter stage in refining, reduce the content of oxygen and nitrogen in molten steel, then add boron, arrive 98%-99.5% to improve the boron rate of recovery.When in stove, pressure is not more than 10Pa, power transmission heating again, be conducive to fully remove moisture in stove, avoids the element oxidational losses.Furnace charge due to the effect of vacuum, can be removed trace harmful elements and the sulphur of a part of gas, high vapour pressure in melting process.
Fully degas in melting process for furnace charge and normal fusing, large splash do not occur, guarantee the condition of high vacuum degree in stove, controlled melting speed be not more than stove maximum capacity 1/2nd, make steel effect due to vacuum in melting process fully remove gas.The high vacuum refining can be removed a part of gas, reduces oxygen level in steel, improves the rare earth element recovery rate.Be filled with argon gas and can prevent that stopping vacuumizing rear air enters in stove.Add 0.05% Al deoxidation, can reduce oxygen level in molten steel, avoid the oxidational losses of boron.Sneak in the steel stream of cast for fear of teeming temperature decline and oxide film during steel tapping casting, adopt charged cast.
The method of this vacuum induction furnace smelting boron-containing steel control boron content is applicable to the boracic steel grade of boron content≤0.01%.Operation is simple and reliable for present method, increases boron and two links of boron scaling loss by control, reaches the effect of accurate control boron content, in steel the fluctuation range of boron be not more than ± 0.001%.
Embodiment
Describe below in conjunction with embodiment the embodiment that this vacuum induction furnace smelting boron-containing steel is controlled the method for boron content in detail, but the specific embodiment of the present invention is not limited to following embodiment.
Embodiment one
Equipment adopts the 200kg high vacuum induction furnace: final vacuum is 6.67 * 10
-2Pa, power are 250KW, and frequency is 2500HZ, batch 100kg.Steel grade: welding wire steel EQ316L
Standard analysis and control target that the present invention smelts a stove EQ316L steel needs steel scrap, alloy and ferro-boron weight to see Table 1, EQ316L composition see Table 2.
Table 1
| Raw material type | 308 steel scraps | Electrolytic manganese | Chromium metal | The nickel beans | Molybdenum-iron | Special silicon | Electrolytic copper | Ferro-boron | Aluminum shot |
| Add-on (kg) | 87.8 | 0.5 | 1.8 | 4.5 | 4.8 | 0.38 | 0.15 | 0.03 | 0.05 |
Table 2
The present embodiment is the step of next coming in order:
I prepares crucible
Crucible used is the crucible with the electrosmelted magnesite clinker knotting, and the weight proportion of the material mesoboric acid of knotting crucible is 0.8%, refines 5 stove steel after the crucible sintering.
II prepares raw material
0.030kg ferro-boron and 0.05kg aluminum shot are packed in hopper.
The III charging
308 steel scraps, chromium metal, nickel beans, molybdenum-iron are packed in hopper, and special silicon, electrolytic manganese, electrolytic copper are put into feed bin.
IV closes bell and vacuumizes
Close bell and vacuumize 15 minutes, when in stove, pressure reached 5Pa, power transmission power 40KW progressively sent into superpower 120KW.
The V melting batch
The burn-off rate 50kg/ of furnace charge hour.
The VI refining
The interior solid material of stove of packing into all is fused into molten steel, when the pressure in stove reaches 2.0Pa, changes the high vacuum refining over to, refining vacuum tightness 0.5Pa, refining time 20 minutes.
The VII inflation
Refining is closed vacuum pump after finishing, and stops vacuumizing, and be filled with argon gas in stove, and applying argon gas pressure is 104Pa.
The VIII alloying
Under the protection of argon gas, successively special silicon, electrolytic manganese and electrolytic copper are added in molten steel, melted 5 minutes.
The IX final deoxygenation adds the deoxidation of 0.05kg aluminum shot.
X adds will pack into the 0.030kg ferro-boron of hopper of ferro-boron to be added to melting in crucible.
The XI steel tapping casting
Adopt the mode of charged cast, molten steel is poured in ingot mold.
The quality per distribution ratio of the chemical composition of Finished Steel (ingot casting) sees Table 3.
Table 3
| C％ | Si％ | Mn％ | P | S | Cr％ | Ni | Mo | Cu | B |
| 0.013 | 0.36 | 1.82 | 0.009 | 0.005 | 18.43 | 12.62 | 2.85 | 0.16 | 0.0045 |
Boron is than add-on deviation-0.0005%.
Embodiment two
Equipment adopts the 200kg high vacuum induction furnace: final vacuum is 6.67 * 10
-2Pa, power are 250KW, and frequency is 2500HZ, batch 100kg.Steel grade: stainless steel UNS N08926
The present invention smelts a stove UNS N08926 steel to be needed pure iron, alloy and ferro-boron weight (kg) to see Table 4, UNS N08926 standard analysis and controls target to see Table 5.
Table 4
| Raw material type | Pure iron | Chromium nitride | Nitrogenized manganese | Chromium metal | The nickel beans | Molybdenum-iron | Special silicon | Electrolytic copper | Ferro-boron | Aluminum shot |
| Add-on | 41.0 | 1.8 | 1.4 | 19.8 | 25.3 | 10.5 | 0.24 | 1.05 | 0.019 | 0.05 |
Table 5
The present embodiment is the step of next coming in order:
I prepares crucible
Crucible used is the crucible with the electrosmelted magnesite clinker knotting, and the weight proportion of the material mesoboric acid of knotting crucible is 0.8%, refines 6 stove steel after the crucible sintering.
II prepares raw material
0.019kg ferro-boron and 0.05kg aluminum shot are packed in hopper.
The III charging
Pure iron, chromium metal, nickel beans, molybdenum-iron are packed in hopper, and special silicon, chromium nitride, nitrogenized manganese and electrolytic copper are put into feed bin.
IV closes bell and vacuumizes
Close bell and vacuumize 15 minutes, when in stove, pressure reached 5Pa, power transmission power 40KW progressively sent into superpower 120KW.
The V melting batch
Burn-off rate≤the 50kg/ of furnace charge hour.
The VI refining
The interior solid material of stove of packing into all is fused into molten steel, when the pressure in stove reaches 2.0Pa, changes the high vacuum refining over to, refining vacuum tightness 0.5Pa, refining time 20 minutes.
The VII inflation
Refining is closed vacuum pump after finishing, and stops vacuumizing, and be filled with argon gas in stove, and applying argon gas pressure is 0.3 normal atmosphere (3 * 10
4Pa).
The VIII alloying
Under the protection of argon gas, successively special silicon, nitrogenized manganese and electrolytic copper are added in molten steel, melted 5 minutes.
The IX final deoxygenation
Add the deoxidation of 0.05kg aluminum shot.
X adds ferro-boron
The 0.019kg ferro-boron of hopper of packing into is added to melting in crucible.
The XI steel tapping casting
Adopt the directly mode of cast, molten steel is poured in ingot mold.
The quality per distribution ratio of the chemical composition of Finished Steel (ingot casting) sees Table 6.
The quality per distribution ratio of the chemical composition of table 6 Finished Steel (ingot casting)
| C％ | Si％ | Mn％ | P％ | S％ | Cr％ | Ni％ | Mo％ | Cu％ | N％ | B％ |
| 0.012 | 0.29 | 1.32 | 0.007 | 0.009 | 20.36 | 25.2 | 6.27 | 1.04 | 0.20 | 0.0036 |
All the other are Fe and inevitable impurity.
Boron is than add-on deviation+0.0006%.
Embodiment three
Equipment adopts the 200kg high vacuum induction furnace: final vacuum is 6.67 * 10
-2Pa, power are 250KW, and frequency is 2500HZ, batch 100kg.Steel grade: oriented silicon steel N1
Standard analysis and control target that the present invention smelts a stove oriented silicon steel N1 steel needs pure iron, alloy and ferro-boron weight to see Table 7, N1 composition see Table 8.
Table 7
Table 8
The present embodiment is the step of next coming in order:
I prepares crucible
Crucible used is the crucible with the electrosmelted magnesite clinker knotting, and the weight proportion of the material mesoboric acid of knotting crucible is 0.8%, refines 8 stove steel after the crucible sintering.
II prepares raw material
0.030kg ferro-boron and 0.05kg aluminum shot are packed in hopper.
The III charging
Pure iron is packed in hopper, and all the other alloys are put into feed bin.
IV closes bell and vacuumizes
Close bell and vacuumize 15 minutes, when in stove, pressure reached 8Pa, power transmission power 40KW progressively sent into superpower 120KW.
The V melting batch
The burn-off rate 50kg/ of furnace charge hour.
The VI refining
The interior solid material of stove of packing into all is fused into molten steel, when the pressure in stove reaches 2.0Pa, changes the high vacuum refining over to, refining vacuum tightness 0.3Pa, refining time 20 minutes.
The VII inflation
Refining is closed vacuum pump after finishing, and stops vacuumizing, and be filled with argon gas in stove, and applying argon gas pressure is 10
4Pa.
The VIII alloying
Under the protection of argon gas, successively special silicon, manganese metal, carburelant, ferrophosphorus, ferro-silicon nitride are added in molten steel, melted 5 minutes.
The IX final deoxygenation adds the deoxidation of 0.05kg aluminum shot.
X adds will pack into the 0.030kg ferro-boron of hopper of ferro-boron to be added to melting in crucible.
The XI steel tapping casting adopts the mode of charged cast, and molten steel is poured in ingot mold.
The quality per distribution ratio of the chemical composition of Finished Steel (ingot casting) sees Table 9.
Table 9
| C％ | Si％ | Mn％ | P％ | S％ | N％ | Al％ | B％ |
| 0.052 | 3.18 | 0.138 | 0.02 | 0.004 | 0.0061 | 0.027 | 0.0048 |
Boron is than add-on deviation-0.0002%.
The described composition of the application all refers to the quality per distribution ratio.
The described steel scrap of present specification comprises home scrap, and home scrap refers to comprise some element in institute's steelmaking kind composition, does not contain again other element that institute's steelmaking kind is polluted.Can reduce the iron alloy consumption with home scrap, as chromium, nickelalloy, reduce costs, replace the part iron alloy.
Claims (1)
1. a vacuum induction furnace smelting boron-containing steel is controlled the method for boron content, and it comprises following step successively:
IPrepare crucible
Crucible used is the crucible with the electrosmelted magnesite clinker knotting, and the weight proportion of the material mesoboric acid of knotting crucible is 0.75%-0.85%, and after the crucible sintering, steel-making is no less than 5 stoves;
IIPrepare raw material
According to the per distribution ratio of boron content in the boracic steel grade and smelt the weight of boracic steel grade, calculate the weight of the ferro-boron that need to add, the good ferro-boron of scale is put into the alloy hopper; The aluminum shot that will account for molten steel weight 0.045%-0.055% is also packed in hopper simultaneously;
IIICharging
The dry pure iron of cleaning or home scrap and iron alloy are packed in the crucible of vacuum induction furnace; Ferrosilicon, the manganese metal hopper of packing into;
IVClosing bell vacuumizes
Close bell and vacuumize 12-16 minutes, when in stove, pressure is not more than 10Pa, power transmission heating furnace charge;
VMelting batch
Furnace charge in the power transmission fusion crucible, burn-off rate≤1/2 stove maximum capacity/hour;
VIRefining
The interior solid material of crucible of packing into all is fused into molten steel, when the pressure in stove is not more than 2.0Pa, changes the high vacuum refining over to, refining vacuum tightness 0.4Pa-0.6Pa refining time 18-22 minutes;
VIIInflation
Refining is closed vacuum pump after finishing, and stops vacuumizing, and be filled with argon gas in stove, and applying argon gas pressure is not less than 10
4Pa;
VIIIAlloying
Under the protection of argon gas, according to the steel grade of boron-containing steel, adjust other composition outside the boron composition, make other composition meet the requirement of steel grade;
IXFinal deoxygenation
Add the aluminum shot deoxidation, add-on is 0.045%-0.055% of Metal Weight;
XAdd ferro-boron
The ferro-boron of hopper of packing into is added to melting in crucible.
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Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103451362B (en) * | 2013-08-26 | 2015-07-08 | 江苏大学 | Method for carrying out boron microalloying on steel by using boric acid instead of ferroboron |
| CN104451030B (en) * | 2014-12-03 | 2016-03-30 | 河北钢铁股份有限公司 | The accuracy control method of Boron contents during vacuum induction furnace smelting boron-containing steel |
| CN106756440B (en) * | 2017-03-15 | 2018-05-18 | 常熟理工学院 | A kind of smelting process of accurate control boron-containing alloy steel Boron contents |
| CN113278810A (en) * | 2021-04-15 | 2021-08-20 | 山西太钢不锈钢股份有限公司 | Smelting control method for vacuum induction furnace in melting period |
| CN113560509B (en) * | 2021-07-27 | 2023-02-24 | 上海电气上重铸锻有限公司 | Method for manufacturing low-silicon boron-controlled steel large steel ingot |
| CN114293090B (en) * | 2022-01-07 | 2022-10-18 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Method for controlling manganese content in smelting titanium-containing steel in vacuum induction furnace |
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| CN101250659A (en) * | 2008-04-08 | 2008-08-27 | 莱芜钢铁股份有限公司 | Method for improving and stabilising boron recovery rate for vacuum smelting steel containing boron |
| CN101372721A (en) * | 2008-09-19 | 2009-02-25 | 山西太钢不锈钢股份有限公司 | High vacuum induction furnace nitrogen-containing steel smelting nitrogen pickup method |
| CN101451209A (en) * | 2007-12-05 | 2009-06-10 | 舞阳钢铁有限责任公司 | Method for adding ferroboron during steel smelting process |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101451209A (en) * | 2007-12-05 | 2009-06-10 | 舞阳钢铁有限责任公司 | Method for adding ferroboron during steel smelting process |
| CN101250659A (en) * | 2008-04-08 | 2008-08-27 | 莱芜钢铁股份有限公司 | Method for improving and stabilising boron recovery rate for vacuum smelting steel containing boron |
| CN101372721A (en) * | 2008-09-19 | 2009-02-25 | 山西太钢不锈钢股份有限公司 | High vacuum induction furnace nitrogen-containing steel smelting nitrogen pickup method |
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