CN101372720B - High vacuum induction furnace steel-smelting carburetion method - Google Patents
High vacuum induction furnace steel-smelting carburetion method Download PDFInfo
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- CN101372720B CN101372720B CN200810079427XA CN200810079427A CN101372720B CN 101372720 B CN101372720 B CN 101372720B CN 200810079427X A CN200810079427X A CN 200810079427XA CN 200810079427 A CN200810079427 A CN 200810079427A CN 101372720 B CN101372720 B CN 101372720B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method of carburizing for steelmaking in a high-vacuum induction furnace, which is applied to making the types of steels with the carbon content no more than 0.1 percent. To be simple and reliable with high carbon recovery rate, the invention comprises the steps of: selecting pure iron with the volume no more than 5 percents of the maximum capacity of the furnace, drilling along the longitudinal center, putting the carburant into the chamber of through hole according to the calculated carburizing amount, welding by blocking two ends, hanging at ends of the materials-mashing rod by the iron wire; loading the pure iron and iron alloy into the furnace, and putting silicon iron and manganese metal into a hopper; closing and vacuumizing the furnace, transmitting electricity to heat the loading with the melting speed no more than 1/2 of the maximum capacity of the furnace per hour when the pressure in the furnace is less than 10Pa; stopping pumping vacuum and charging argon into the furnace after the loading is melted and when the degree of vacuum is no more than 3Pa, under the protection of the argon and after adjusting other components besides carbon to fit in with the command of making steel, putting down the materials-mashing rod; after the iron wire is fused, the pure iron block loaded with the carburant gets into the molten pool, controlling power to be no more than 80 percents of the rated power; tapping and casting after the pure iron block is melted slowly.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of high vacuum induction furnace melting later stage charges into the method for adding carburelant carburetting behind the protection gas in stove.
Background technology
Carbon under vacuum and in the molten steel in the dissolved oxygen, steel oxide inclusion react, because crucible refractory material 99% is a magnesium oxide, if carburelant is packed into stove, magnesium oxide in the smelting process in carbon and the crucible refractory material reacts, impel shelling of refractory, and making vacuum induction furnace smelting process carbon scaling loss serious, the finished product carbon content is difficult to accurately control.The vacuum induction furnace carburetion method mainly contains two kinds at present, and the one, add high carbon ferro-chrome, high carbon ferromanganese before the tapping, this method only is applicable to and contains the chromium height in the steel or contain the high steel grade of manganese.The 2nd, the graphite carburelant directly is added in above the molten bath, shortcoming is that carburelant wafts easily on the molten steel face, can not enter molten steel fully, not only carbon content is inhomogeneous, and the carbon rate of recovery is lower than 20%.
Summary of the invention
The present invention seeks to overcoming above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of simple and reliable, high vacuum induction furnace steel-smelting carburetion method that the carbon rate of recovery is high is provided.
Technical solution of the present invention is when the high vacuum induction furnace smelting needs the steel grade of carburetting, creation helps improving the technological factor of the carburelant rate of recovery, before tapping, charge into argon gas, carburelant is packed in the pure iron, the pure iron that carburelant is housed is put into the molten bath by smashing the material bar, control suitable temperature, the pure iron piece is slowly melted, because the carburelant fusing point is lower than the pure iron fusing point, so carburelant is heated fusing in the fusing of pure iron piece, do not produce splash, reach accurately, carburetting purpose cheaply, carbon can all reclaim.
The inventive method is:
(1) raw material is prepared: get the pure iron as raw material of volume≤5% stove maximum capacity, centre-drilling hole is longitudinally put into the through hole cavity according to the carbon increasing amount that calculates with carburelant, and weld with the pure iron sheet is stifled at two ends, hangs on iron wire and smash the material boom end;
(2) charging: pack in the stove cleaning exsiccant pure iron, iron alloy, ferrosilicon, manganese metal are put into hopper;
(3) close stove evacuation: closed stove evacuation about 15 minutes, and when pressure in the stove＜10Pa, sent the electrically heated furnace charge;
(4) furnace charge fusing: burn-off rate≤1/2 stove maximum capacity/hour;
(5) inflation: after furnace charge all melted, vacuum tightness≤3Pa stopped to vacuumize, and charge into argon gas in stove, and applying argon gas pressure is greater than 0.1 normal atmosphere;
(6) alloying: under argon shield atmosphere, adjust other composition outside the carbon component meet smelt steel grade and require after, put down and smash the material bar, after the iron wire fusing, the pure iron piece of adorning carburelant enters the molten bath, mentions and smashes the material bar, 80% of control power≤rated output slowly melts the pure iron piece;
(7) steel tapping casting: adopt direct pouring type.
Carburelant is that general reference contains certainweight per-cent carbon component and other constituent content not to smelting the material that the steel grade quality works the mischief.The agent of carburetting machine is solded in the pure iron chamber, utilizes the action of gravity of pure iron piece, sink to after the adding in the molten bath, make carburelant have little time to float and to the molten steel face, just all melt, reach the purpose of carbon content in the accurate control steel.Send electrically heated again during pressure in the stove＜10P, help fully removing moisture in the stove, avoid the element oxidational losses.Furnace charge in melting process because the effect of vacuum can be removed the trace harmful elements of a part of gas, high vapour pressure and sulphur S etc.
For furnace charge fully being degassed in melting process and melting normally, big splash does not take place, guarantee condition of high vacuum degree in the stove, as control burn-off rate≤1/2 stove maximum capacity, can make steel in melting process because gas is fully removed in the effect of vacuum.Stopping to vacuumize before adding carburelant, is because reaction between carbon and oxygen can take place the carbon that adds under the vacuum, reduces the rate of recovery of carbon, so will stop to vacuumize; The purpose that charges into argon gas is to prevent to stop to vacuumize the back air admission, and applying argon gas pressure gets final product greater than 0.1 normal atmosphere.Temperature descends and oxide film is sneaked in the beam for fear of annotating during steel tapping casting, adopts charged cast usually.The high vacuum induction furnace crucible is not that first stove is smelted, the purity of the used argon gas of high vacuum induction furnace 〉=99%, and water content is not more than 0.1%.
The inventive method is applicable to the steel grade smelting of carbon content≤0.1%.The inventive method is simple and reliable, by carburelant being solded in the pure iron cavity, after furnace charge all melts; under argon shield, put into molten steel and melt no splash by smashing the material bar; reach accurately, carburetting purpose cheaply, carbon content can accurately be controlled, the carbon rate of recovery is near 100%.
Embodiment
Embodiment one: equipment adopts the 200kg high vacuum induction furnace: final vacuum is 6.67 * 10
-2Pa, power are 250KW, and frequency is 2500H
Z, batch 100kg.Steel grade is oriented silicon steel AC3.
The present invention smelts a stove oriented silicon steel AC3 steel needs pure iron, alloy and carburelant weight to see Table 1, and the span of control and the controlled target of oriented silicon steel AC3 composition see Table 2.
Table 1 is smelted a stove oriented silicon steel AC3 steel needs pure iron, alloy, carburelant weight
| Raw material type | Carburelant | Manganese metal | Ferrosilicon | Copper | Chromium metal | FeS | Pure iron |
| Add-on (kg) | 0.037 | 0.1 | 4.35 | 0.47 | 0.05 | 0.005 | 95 |
Table 2 oriented silicon steel AC3 Composition Control scope and controlled target (%)
| C％ | Si％ | Mn％ | Cu％ | Cr％ | S | |
| Span of control | 0.027/0.038 | 3.0/3.2 | 0.18/0.24 | 0.4/0.55 | 0.05 | 0.004/0.008 |
| Controlled target | 0.034 | 3.26 | 0.21 | 0.47 | 3.28 | 0.0062 |
Concrete steps are as follows:
(1) raw material is prepared: get the pure iron as raw material of 80mm * 80mm * 120mm, along the hole that Φ 25mm bores in pure iron longitudinal center, carburelant is put into the pure iron centre hole, two ends are stifled welds, and hangs on iron wire and smashes the material boom end.
The chemical ingredients of carburelant is C:91.5%, S:0.3%, and ash content: 7.5%, trace ingredientss such as other iron, silicon: 0.7%.
(2) charging: pure iron, chromium metal are packed in the stove, ferrosilicon, manganese metal, copper wire, put into feed bin.
(3) close stove evacuation: vacuum tightness 9Pa in the stove, send electricity, power 40KW; Progressively send into superpower 120KW.
(4) burn-off rate≤50 kilogram/hour, 100 kilograms of stove maximum capacities.
(5) inflation: the solid material in the stove of packing into all is fused into molten steel, and vacuum tightness reaches 2.0Pa, stops to vacuumize, and charges into 0.2 normal atmosphere of argon gas in stove.
(6) alloying: add ferrosilicon, copper.Put down and smash the material bar, iron wire fusing, the pure iron piece falls into the molten bath.The pure iron piece all melts, and adds manganese metal.
(7) steel tapping casting.
The chemical ingredients of Finished Steel sees Table 3.
Table 3 oriented silicon steel AC3 Finished Steel chemical ingredients (%)
| C | Si | Mn | S | Cr | Cu |
| 0.034 | 3.08 | 0.20 | 0.006 | 0.05 | 0.45 |
The carbon rate of recovery reaches 100%.
Embodiment two: equipment adopts the 200kg high vacuum induction furnace: final vacuum is 6.67 * 10
-2Pa, power are 250KW, and frequency is 2500H
Z, batch 100kg.Steel grade is oriented silicon steel AM6.
The present invention smelts a stove oriented silicon steel AM6 steel needs pure iron, alloy, carburelant weight to see Table 4, and the span of control and the controlled target of oriented silicon steel AM6 composition see Table 5.
Table 4 is smelted a stove oriented silicon steel AM6 steel needs pure iron, alloy, carburelant weight
| Raw material type | Carburelant | Manganese metal | Ferrosilicon | Copper | FeS | Pure iron |
| Add-on (kg) | 0.057 | 0.036 | 4.28 | 0.085 | 0.055 | 95 |
Table 5 oriented silicon steel AM6 Composition Control scope and controlled target (%)
| C％ | Si％ | Mn％ | Cu％ | S | |
| Span of control | 0.045/0.055 | 3.0/3.2 | 0.05/0.07 | 0.07/0.09 | 0.015/0.025 |
| Controlled target | 0.052 | 3.24 | 0.062 | 0.085 | 0.023 |
Concrete steps are as follows:
(1) get the pure iron as raw material of 80mm * 80mm * 120mm, along the hole that Φ 25mm bores in pure iron longitudinal center, carburelant is put into the pure iron centre hole, the stifled weldering in two ends hangs on iron wire and to smash the material boom end.
The chemical ingredients of carburelant is C:80.0%, S:0.02%, ferrous components 19.0%, trace ingredientss such as silicon 0.98%.
(2) pure iron, chromium metal are packed in the stove, ferrosilicon, manganese metal, copper wire, put into feed bin.
(3) close stove evacuation, vacuum tightness 9Pa in the stove send electricity, power 40KW; Progressively send into superpower 120KW.
(4) burn-off rate≤50 kilogram/hour, 100 kilograms of stove maximum capacities.
(5) solid material of packing in the stove all is fused into molten steel, and vacuum tightness reaches 2.3Pa.Stop to vacuumize, in stove, charge into 0.2 normal atmosphere of argon gas.
(6) add ferrosilicon, copper.Put down and smash the material bar, iron wire fusing, the pure iron piece falls into the molten bath.The pure iron piece all melts, and adds manganese metal.
(7) carry out steel tapping casting by processing requirement.
The chemical ingredients of Finished Steel sees Table 6.The carbon rate of recovery can reach 100%.
Table 6 oriented silicon steel AM6 Finished Steel chemical ingredients (%)
| C | Si | Mn | Cu | S |
| 0.053 | 3.15 | 0.06 | 0.082 | 0.020 |
Claims (4)
1. high vacuum induction furnace steel-smelting carburetion method is characterized in that:
(1) raw material is prepared: get the pure iron as raw material of volume≤5% stove maximum capacity, centre-drilling hole is longitudinally put into the through hole cavity according to the carbon increasing amount that calculates with carburelant, and weld with the pure iron sheet is stifled at two ends, hangs on iron wire and smash the material boom end;
(2) charging: pack in the stove cleaning exsiccant pure iron, iron alloy, ferrosilicon, manganese metal are put into hopper;
(3) close stove evacuation: closed stove evacuation 15 minutes, and when pressure in the stove＜10Pa, sent the electrically heated furnace charge;
(4) furnace charge fusing: burn-off rate≤1/2 stove maximum capacity/hour;
(5) inflation: after furnace charge all melted, vacuum tightness≤3Pa stopped to vacuumize, and charge into argon gas in stove, and applying argon gas pressure is greater than 0.1 normal atmosphere;
(6) alloying: under argon shield atmosphere, adjust other composition outside the carbon component meet smelt steel grade and require after, put down and smash the material bar, after the iron wire fusing, the pure iron piece of adorning carburelant enters the molten bath, mentions and smashes the material bar, 80% of control power≤rated output slowly melts the pure iron piece;
(7) steel tapping casting: adopt direct pouring type.
2. high vacuum induction furnace steel-smelting carburetion method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that purity 〉=99% of the used argon gas of high vacuum induction furnace.
3. high vacuum induction furnace steel-smelting carburetion method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that carburelant refers to contain certainweight per-cent carbon component and other constituent content not to smelting the material that the steel grade quality works the mischief.
4. high vacuum induction furnace steel-smelting carburetion method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that steel tapping casting adopts charged cast.
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| CN102477469B (en) * | 2010-11-29 | 2014-07-09 | 攀钢集团钢铁钒钛股份有限公司 | Steelmaking method in vacuum induction furnace |
| CN102191351A (en) * | 2011-03-17 | 2011-09-21 | 上海大学 | Low-carbon alloy steel smelting method capable of reducing volatile alloy element burning loss, packaging body, long belt of packaging body and feeding method and special feeding device of packaging body |
| CN102321783B (en) * | 2011-09-19 | 2013-03-20 | 武汉钢铁(集团)公司 | Steel-making method of experimental induction furnace |
| CN112375868A (en) * | 2020-10-16 | 2021-02-19 | 包头钢铁（集团）有限责任公司 | Smelting method of high-purity low-carbon steel in vacuum medium-frequency induction furnace |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1232884A (en) * | 1999-04-09 | 1999-10-27 | 清华大学 | High-silicon abrasion resistant cast steel |
| CN1342776A (en) * | 2001-08-20 | 2002-04-03 | 唐山钢铁股份有限公司 | Carbonizing technology for smelting steel and special carburant |
| KR20030048806A (en) * | 2001-12-13 | 2003-06-25 | 주식회사 포스코 | Method for Manufacturing Steel Including Aluminum and Sulfur |
| CN1818091A (en) * | 2006-03-13 | 2006-08-16 | 上海盛宝钢铁冶金炉料有限公司 | Steel smelting and carburating method |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1232884A (en) * | 1999-04-09 | 1999-10-27 | 清华大学 | High-silicon abrasion resistant cast steel |
| CN1342776A (en) * | 2001-08-20 | 2002-04-03 | 唐山钢铁股份有限公司 | Carbonizing technology for smelting steel and special carburant |
| KR20030048806A (en) * | 2001-12-13 | 2003-06-25 | 주식회사 포스코 | Method for Manufacturing Steel Including Aluminum and Sulfur |
| CN1818091A (en) * | 2006-03-13 | 2006-08-16 | 上海盛宝钢铁冶金炉料有限公司 | Steel smelting and carburating method |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| JP特開平9-309762A 1997.12.02 |
| 桂美文等.超低碳钢脱碳与增碳因素分析.钢铁研究 6.1993,(6),3-8. |
| 桂美文等.超低碳钢脱碳与增碳因素分析.钢铁研究 6.1993,(6),3-8. * |
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