CN113004089A - Compound microbial fertilizer synergist and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Compound microbial fertilizer synergist and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113004089A CN113004089A CN202110441412.9A CN202110441412A CN113004089A CN 113004089 A CN113004089 A CN 113004089A CN 202110441412 A CN202110441412 A CN 202110441412A CN 113004089 A CN113004089 A CN 113004089A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C11/00—Other nitrogenous fertilisers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/10—Solid or semi-solid fertilisers, e.g. powders
- C05G5/12—Granules or flakes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/30—Layered or coated, e.g. dust-preventing coatings
- C05G5/35—Capsules, e.g. core-shell
Abstract
The invention discloses a compound microbial fertilizer synergist and a preparation method thereof, wherein the compound microbial fertilizer synergist is a solid granule consisting of an inner core and an outer shell, raw materials of the inner core comprise a compound microbial preparation, a seaweed extract and a first adhesive, and the compound microbes are adsorbed on the surfaces and the insides of particles of the seaweed extract; the shell comprises a compound amino acid preparation, modified sepiolite wool, a pore-foaming agent, a disintegrating agent and a second adhesive. The modified sepiolite wool is prepared by acidifying sepiolite wool to prepare slurry, adding silane coupling agent and drying. According to the invention, the compound microbial fertilizer synergist is prepared into an internal and external double-layer structure, and a special mode that the outer layer contains compound amino acid and the inner layer contains compound microorganism is adopted, and the compound microbial fertilizer synergist is used together with a conventional fertilizer, so that the soil fertility can be obviously improved, the beneficial microorganism environment in soil can be improved, and the growth of crops can be promoted.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of fertilizer synergists, and particularly relates to a compound microbial fertilizer synergist and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Fertilizer synergists are active substances with the aim of increasing the effectiveness of nutrients, usually in combination with conventional fertilizers. By exerting a series of special effects of fixing nitrogen and activating phosphorus and potassium elements which are difficult to utilize in soil, the nutrient proportion in the soil is improved, the soil fertility is improved, the absorption of plants to nutrients in the soil is promoted, and certain physiological functions of the plants are adjusted. The fertilizer synergist has various types, and can be functionally divided into a nitrification inhibitor, a urease inhibitor, a nutrient activator, a water-retaining agent and the like. The application of the proper fertilizer synergist can effectively improve the utilization rate of the fertilizer, and is one of important ways for realizing weight reduction and synergism, so the development of the novel fertilizer synergist is more and more valued by agricultural scientific researchers in various countries around the world.
In the prior art, chinese patent application CN110981589A provides a high-energy sulfur-based fertilizer, urea granules are coated with a urea sulfate slow-release film, and the weight ratio of the urea granules to the urea sulfate slow-release film is 100: 4-6; the raw materials of the urea particles are urea, ammonium sulfate, a fertilizer synergist, a long-acting slow-release agent, sodium octaborate tetrahydrate and zinc sulfate heptahydrate; the weight ratio of urea to concentrated sulfuric acid in the urea sulfate slow-release film is 2.5: 1. by adding the digestion inhibitor, the urease inhibitor and the phosphorus activator, the long-acting performance of the fertilizer effect is improved, and the yield and quality of crops are increased by the aid of the polyamino acid and the chelated trace elements.
For example, chinese patent application CN111018624A provides a mineral-based fertilizer synergist with soil improvement effect, which comprises volcanic ash, coal residue, rare earth, lime, and other raw materials, as well as biological enzymes such as urease, phosphatase, dehydrogenase, and the like, and complex microbial agents such as ammonifying bacteria, actinomycetes, azotobacter chroococcum, streptomyces jingyangensis, bacillus licheniformis, bacillus subtilis, trichoderma harzianum, bacillus mucilaginosus, bacillus coagulans, bacillus megaterium, and the like, and preparations such as polyglutamic acid, polyacrylamide, urease inhibitor, ammonia stabilizer, and the like. The synergist of the invention can accelerate the decomposition of fertilizer in soil, strengthen the activity of soil, inhibit the activity of urease in soil and delay the hydrolysis of urea.
For example, the chinese granted patent CN106278764B discloses a compound fertilizer containing microcapsule type fertilizer synergist, wherein the microcapsule type fertilizer synergist is added in the process of preparing the compound fertilizer by a melting method, the active ingredient in the microcapsule type fertilizer synergist is 2-chloro-6-trichloromethyl pyridine, the slurry temperature is 80-250 ℃ when the microcapsule type fertilizer synergist is added, and the microcapsule type fertilizer synergist is dispersed after being added into the slurry.
However, none of these conventional simple mixing methods or surface coating methods can provide optimum synergistic effects on fertilizers, and the effect of improving soil quality is limited.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a compound microbial fertilizer synergist and a preparation method thereof, and the compound microbial fertilizer synergist is realized by the following technology.
A composite microbial fertilizer synergist is a solid granule consisting of an inner core and an outer shell, wherein the raw materials of the inner core comprise 40-55 wt% of a composite microbial preparation, 42-59 wt% of a seaweed extract and 1.5-2.5 wt% of a first adhesive, and the composite microbial preparation is adsorbed on the surface and the inner part of the seaweed extract particles; the shell comprises 25-35 wt% of a composite amino acid preparation, 30-45 wt% of modified sepiolite wool, 24-32 wt% of a pore-forming agent, 3-5 wt% of a disintegrating agent and 3-5 wt% of a second adhesive;
the preparation method of the modified sepiolite wool comprises the following steps:
s1, adding the sepiolite wool into dilute hydrochloric acid according to the weight-to-volume ratio of 1:8-10, stirring for 4-8h, standing, performing suction filtration, washing with purified water, and drying to obtain acid-activated sepiolite wool;
s2, uniformly stirring the acid-activated sepiolite wool, the dispersant and the purified water according to the weight ratio of 1:0.2-0.3:8-10 to obtain acid-activated sepiolite wool slurry;
s3, taking the acid activated sepiolite velvet slurry and the silane coupling agent according to the volume ratio of 1:6-8, uniformly stirring and drying to obtain the modified sepiolite velvet.
The compound microbial fertilizer synergist is a granular preparation with an inner-outer double-layer structure, and the compound microbial preparation is wrapped inside the compound microbial fertilizer synergist. When the compound amino acid fertilizer is used, the external compound amino acid preparation is hydrolyzed and disintegrated under the action of water, various free released amino acids can improve the surrounding soil environment, and the shell forms a plurality of holes under the action of the pore-forming agent, so that the internal compound microbial preparation is gradually released, the microbial content of the surrounding soil environment is improved, organic matters in the soil are decomposed under the action of various microbes beneficial to plant growth, nitrogen fertilizer substances capable of being utilized by plants in the soil are improved, the fertilizer efficiency of base fertilizers, farmyard fertilizers and various special fertilizers which are applied in a mixed mode is finally improved, and the purposes of improving quality and increasing yield are achieved. The compound amino acid preparation of the outer shell is adsorbed and attached in advance by adopting modified sepiolite wool, and the compound microorganism preparation of the inner core is adsorbed on the surface of the seaweed extract in advance, so that the aim of double slow release can be fulfilled, and the contents of amino acid and microorganism beneficial to the growth of crops in soil can be gradually increased within a long period of time.
In the raw materials of the compound microbial fertilizer synergist, the number of the bacteria of the compound microbial preparation is about 100-200 hundred million/g. The first adhesive, the second adhesive, the sepiolite wool, the pore-forming agent, the disintegrating agent and the dispersing agent are purchased to common products on the market or common products in the field, and the functions of the first adhesive, the second adhesive, the sepiolite wool, the pore-forming agent, the disintegrating agent and the dispersing agent are slightly different by adopting different specific chemical raw materials. For example, the first binder and the second binder may be gelatin, guar gum, xanthan gum, carrageenan, pectin, and a binder commonly used in microcrystalline cellulose isostatically pressed tablets; the pore-forming agent can adopt polyethylene glycol, polyvinylpyrrolidone and other raw materials commonly used for preparing sustained-release tablets; the disintegrating agent can be selected from crospovidone, sodium carboxymethyl starch, croscarmellose sodium, etc.; the dispersant can be selected from common dispersants, such as lignosulfonate (sodium salt, calcium salt) and the like.
Preferably, the raw materials of the inner core comprise 50 wt% of the composite microbial preparation, 48 wt% of the seaweed extract and 2 wt% of the first adhesive; the shell comprises 30 wt% of a compound amino acid preparation, 36 wt% of modified sepiolite wool, 28 wt% of a pore-forming agent, 3 wt% of a disintegrating agent and 3 wt% of a second adhesive.
Preferably, in the preparation method of the modified sepiolite wool, the weight-to-volume ratio of the sepiolite and the dilute hydrochloric acid in the step S1 is 1:9, and the concentration of the dilute hydrochloric acid is 1.5-1.8 mol/L.
Preferably, in the preparation method of the modified sepiolite wool, the weight ratio of the acid-activated sepiolite wool, the dispersant and the purified water in the step S2 is 1:0.25: 8.75.
Preferably, in the preparation method of the modified sepiolite wool, the volume ratio of the acid activated sepiolite wool slurry of the step S3 to the silane coupling agent is 1: 6.5.
Preferably, the compound microbial preparation comprises 16-24 wt% of ammoniated bacteria, 15-20 wt% of actinomycetes, 18-25 wt% of azotobacter, 13-18 wt% of streptomyces, 8-13 wt% of bacillus licheniformis, 6-15 wt% of bacillus subtilis, 4-10 wt% of bacillus megaterium and 4-10 wt% of trichoderma;
the compound amino acid is 20-34 wt% of polyglutamic acid, 10-22 wt% of polyaspartic acid, 20-30 wt% of polyalanine, 16-22 wt% of serine and 5-10 wt% of threonine.
More preferably, the complex microbial preparation comprises 20 wt% of ammoniated bacteria, 16 wt% of actinomycetes, 20 wt% of azotobacter, 16 wt% of streptomyces, 10 wt% of bacillus licheniformis, 8 wt% of bacillus subtilis, 5 wt% of bacillus megaterium and 5 wt% of trichoderma;
the compound amino acid is 30 wt% of polyglutamic acid, 18 wt% of polyaspartic acid, 26 wt% of polyalanine, 18 wt% of lysine and 8 wt% of arginine.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the compound microbial fertilizer synergist, which comprises the following steps:
p1, adding deionized water and buffer into the composite microbial preparation and the seaweed extract, and adjusting the pH value of the solution to 6.0-7.0; then stirring at 400-; finally, uniformly mixing the first granules and the first adhesive, and pressing into an inner core;
p2, adding the compound amino acid preparation and the modified sepiolite wool into deionized water and buffer solution, and adjusting the pH value of the solution to 7.0-8.0; then stirring at the normal temperature of 200 plus 500rpm for 30-50min, and drying to prepare a second granule; and finally, uniformly mixing the second granules with the pore-foaming agent, the disintegrating agent and the second adhesive, and pressing and wrapping the mixture on the surface of the inner core to obtain the compound microbial fertilizer synergist.
Preferably, in step P1, the stirring speed is 500rpm and the stirring time is 1.5 h.
Preferably, in step P2, the stirring speed is 300rpm and the stirring time is 45 min.
The compound microbial fertilizer synergist is uniformly mixed with a base fertilizer, a farmyard manure or a special fertilizer according to the conventional cultivation and planting method and requirements of different crops, and the use amount (weight) ratio of the compound microbial fertilizer synergist to the base fertilizer, the farmyard manure or the special fertilizer is generally 0.03-0.06: 1.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: the compound microbial fertilizer synergist is prepared into an internal and external double-layer structure, a special mode that the outer layer contains compound amino acid and the inner layer contains compound microorganism is adopted, and after the compound microbial fertilizer synergist is used together with a conventional fertilizer, the soil fertility can be obviously improved, the beneficial microorganism environment in the soil can be improved, and the growth of crops can be promoted.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The first adhesive and the second adhesive used in the following examples and comparative examples are microcrystalline cellulose, the pore-forming agent is polyvinylpyrrolidone, the disintegrant is croscarmellose sodium, the dispersant is sodium lignosulfonate, and the silane coupling agent is kh 560.
The modified sepiolite wool used in the following examples or comparative examples was prepared by the following method, unless otherwise specified:
s1, adding the sepiolite wool into 1.6mol/L dilute hydrochloric acid according to the weight-to-volume ratio of 1:9, stirring for 6 hours, standing, carrying out suction filtration, washing with purified water, and drying at about 80 ℃ to obtain acid-activated sepiolite wool;
s2, uniformly stirring the acid-activated sepiolite wool, the dispersing agent and purified water according to the weight ratio of 1:0.25:8.75 to obtain acid-activated sepiolite wool slurry;
s3, taking the acid activated sepiolite velvet slurry and the silane coupling agent according to the volume ratio of 1:6.5, uniformly stirring and drying at about 80 ℃ to obtain the modified sepiolite velvet.
If the compound microbial fertilizer synergist provided by the following examples or comparative examples is not specially described, the preparation method is as follows:
p1, adding deionized water and buffer into the composite microbial preparation and the seaweed extract, and adjusting the pH value of the solution to 6.0-7.0; stirring at 500rpm for 1.5 hr at normal temperature, and vacuum drying at low temperature (8-10kPa, 40-50 deg.C) to obtain first granule; finally, uniformly mixing the first granules and the first adhesive, and pressing (20MPa for 1min) the spherical inner core by using a tablet press;
p2, adding the compound amino acid preparation and the modified sepiolite wool into deionized water and buffer solution, and adjusting the pH value of the solution to 7.0-8.0; then stirring at 300rpm at normal temperature for 45min, and drying at 45-50 ℃ to prepare a second granule; and finally, uniformly mixing the second granules with the pore-forming agent, the disintegrating agent and the second adhesive, and pressing the mixture (20MPa for 2min) by using a tablet press to wrap the mixture on the surface of the inner core to obtain the compound microbial fertilizer synergist.
Example 1
The composite microbial fertilizer synergist provided by the embodiment is a solid granule composed of an inner core and an outer shell, wherein raw materials of the inner core comprise 50 wt% of a composite microbial preparation, 48 wt% of a seaweed extract and 2 wt% of a first binder, and the composite microbes are adsorbed on the surfaces and the inner parts of particles of the seaweed extract; the shell comprises 30 wt% of a compound amino acid preparation, 36 wt% of modified sepiolite wool, 28 wt% of a pore-forming agent, 3 wt% of a disintegrating agent and 3 wt% of a second adhesive;
the compound microbial preparation comprises 20 wt% of ammoniated bacteria, 16 wt% of actinomycetes, 20 wt% of azotobacter, 16 wt% of streptomyces, 10 wt% of bacillus licheniformis, 8 wt% of bacillus subtilis, 5 wt% of bacillus megaterium and 5 wt% of trichoderma;
the compound amino acid is 30 wt% of polyglutamic acid, 18 wt% of polyaspartic acid, 26 wt% of polyalanine, 18 wt% of serine and 8 wt% of threonine.
Example 2
In the compound microbial fertilizer synergist provided by the embodiment, the raw materials and the use amounts of the shell, the compound microbial preparation and the compound amino acid preparation are the same as those in the embodiment 1; the difference from example 1 is that the raw material of the inner core comprises 40 wt% of the complex microorganism preparation, 58 wt% of the seaweed extract, and 2 wt% of the first binder, and the complex microorganism is adsorbed on the surface and inside of the particles of the seaweed extract.
Example 3
In the compound microbial fertilizer synergist provided by the embodiment, the raw materials and the use amounts of the shell, the compound microbial preparation and the compound amino acid preparation are the same as those in the embodiment 1; the difference from example 1 is that the raw material of the inner core comprises 55 wt% of the complex microorganism preparation, 42.5 wt% of the seaweed extract, and 2.5 wt% of the first binder, and the complex microorganism is adsorbed on the surface and inside of the particles of the seaweed extract.
Example 4
In the compound microbial fertilizer synergist provided by the embodiment, the raw materials and the use amounts of the inner core, the compound microbial preparation and the compound amino acid preparation are the same as those in the embodiment 1; the difference from example 1 is that the outer shell comprises 25 wt% of the composite amino acid preparation, 45 wt% of the modified sepiolite wool, 24 wt% of the pore-forming agent, 3 wt% of the disintegrating agent and 3 wt% of the second binding agent.
Example 5
In the compound microbial fertilizer synergist provided by the embodiment, the raw materials and the use amounts of the inner core, the compound microbial preparation and the compound amino acid preparation are the same as those in the embodiment 1; the difference from the example 1 is that the outer shell comprises 35 wt% of the composite amino acid preparation, 30 wt% of the modified sepiolite wool, 29 wt% of the pore-forming agent, 3 wt% of the disintegrating agent and 3 wt% of the second binding agent.
Example 6
In the compound microbial fertilizer synergist provided by the embodiment, the raw materials and the use amounts of the shell, the inner core and the compound amino acid preparation are the same as those in the embodiment 1; the difference from example 1 is that the composite microbial preparation comprises 24 wt% of ammoniated bacteria, 15 wt% of actinomycetes, 25 wt% of azotobacter, 13 wt% of streptomyces, 8 wt% of bacillus licheniformis, 6 wt% of bacillus subtilis, 5 wt% of bacillus megaterium and 4 wt% of trichoderma;
example 7
The raw materials and the use amounts of the shell, the inner core and the composite amino acid preparation of the composite microbial fertilizer synergist provided in this example are the same as those in example 1, and the difference from example 1 is that the composite microbial preparation comprises 16 wt% of ammoniated bacteria, 20 wt% of actinomycetes, 18 wt% of azotobacter, 18 wt% of streptomyces, 13 wt% of bacillus licheniformis, 6 wt% of bacillus subtilis, 5 wt% of bacillus megaterium and 4 wt% of trichoderma.
Example 8
The raw materials and the amounts of the outer shell, the inner core and the compound microbial agent are the same as those in example 1, and the difference from example 1 is that the compound amino acid is 34 wt% of polyglutamic acid, 10 wt% of polyaspartic acid, 30 wt% of polyalanine, 16 wt% of serine and 10 wt% of threonine.
Example 9
The raw materials and the amounts of the outer shell, the inner core and the compound microbial agent are the same as those in example 1, and the difference from example 1 is that the compound amino acid is 31 wt% of polyglutamic acid, 22 wt% of polyaspartic acid, 20 wt% of polyalanine, 22 wt% of serine and 5 wt% of threonine.
Comparative example 1
The composite microbial fertilizer synergist provided by the comparative example is a solid granule composed of an inner core and an outer shell, and is different from the solid granule in example 1 in that the raw materials of the inner core comprise 30 wt% of a composite amino acid preparation, 36 wt% of modified sepiolite wool, 28 wt% of a pore-forming agent, 3 wt% of a disintegrating agent and 3 wt% of a second binding agent; the shell comprises 50 wt% of a compound microorganism preparation, 48 wt% of seaweed extract and 2 wt% of a first adhesive, wherein the compound microorganism is adsorbed on the surface and the inside of the particles of the seaweed extract.
The preparation method of the compound microbial fertilizer synergist of the comparative example comprises the following steps:
(1) adding the compound amino acid preparation and the modified sepiolite wool into deionized water and buffer solution, and adjusting the pH value of the solution to 7.0-8.0; then stirring at 300rpm at normal temperature for 45min, and drying at 45-50 ℃ to prepare a second granule; finally, uniformly mixing the second granules with the pore-foaming agent, the disintegrating agent and the second adhesive, and pressing (20MPa for 1min) the spherical inner core by using a tablet press;
(2) adding deionized water and buffer solution into the composite microbial preparation and the seaweed extract, and adjusting the pH value of the solution to 6.0-7.0; stirring at 500rpm for 1.5 hr at normal temperature, and vacuum drying at low temperature (8-10kPa, 40-50 deg.C) to obtain first granule; and (3) finally, uniformly mixing the first granules and the first adhesive, and pressing and wrapping the first granules on the surface of the inner core obtained in the step (1) by using a tablet press (20MPa for 2min), so as to obtain the compound microbial fertilizer synergist.
Comparative example 2
The compound microbial fertilizer synergist provided by the comparative example does not contain any inner core or outer shell, but is a non-layered spherical solid granule prepared by pressing with a tablet press, and is different from the compound microbial fertilizer synergist in example 1 in that the fertilizer synergist is prepared by selecting raw materials with the same dosage as that used in example 1 according to the following method:
(1) adding deionized water and buffer solution into the composite microbial preparation and the seaweed extract, and adjusting the pH value of the solution to 6.0-7.0; stirring at 500rpm for 1.5 hr at normal temperature, and vacuum drying at low temperature (8-10kPa, 40-50 deg.C) to obtain first granule;
(2) adding the compound amino acid preparation and the modified sepiolite wool into deionized water and buffer solution, and adjusting the pH value of the solution to 7.0-8.0; then stirring at 300rpm at normal temperature for 45min, and drying at 45-50 ℃ to prepare a second granule;
(3) and finally, uniformly mixing the first granule, the second granule, the (first or second) adhesive, the pore-forming agent and the disintegrating agent, and pressing the mixture into a spherical shape (20MPa for 2min) by using a tablet press to prepare the compound microbial fertilizer synergist.
Comparative example 3
The solid granule of the composite microbial fertilizer synergist provided by the comparative example comprises 50 wt% of a composite microbial preparation, 48 wt% of a seaweed extract and 2 wt% of a first binder, wherein the composite microbes are adsorbed on the surface and the inside of the particles of the seaweed extract.
The preparation method of the compound microbial fertilizer synergist of the comparative example comprises the following steps:
adding deionized water and buffer solution into the composite microbial preparation and the seaweed extract, and adjusting the pH value of the solution to 6.0-7.0; stirring at 500rpm for 1.5 hr at normal temperature, and vacuum drying at low temperature (8-10kPa, 40-50 deg.C) to obtain first granule; and finally, uniformly mixing the first granules and the first adhesive, and pressing the mixture into a spherical shape (20MPa for 2min) by using a tablet press to prepare the compound microbial fertilizer synergist.
Comparative example 4
The raw materials of the solid granule of the composite microbial fertilizer synergist provided by the comparative example comprise 30 wt% of a composite amino acid preparation, 36 wt% of modified sepiolite cashmere, 28 wt% of a pore-forming agent, 3 wt% of a disintegrating agent and 3 wt% of a second adhesive.
The preparation method of the compound microbial fertilizer synergist of the comparative example comprises the following steps:
adding the compound amino acid preparation and the modified sepiolite wool into deionized water and buffer solution, and adjusting the pH value of the solution to 7.0-8.0; then stirring at 300rpm at normal temperature for 45min, and drying at 45-50 ℃ to prepare a second granule; and finally, uniformly mixing the second granules with the pore-foaming agent, the disintegrating agent and the second adhesive, and pressing the mixture into a spherical shape (20MPa for 2min) by using a tablet press to prepare the compound microbial fertilizer synergist.
Comparative example 5
The difference between the solid granules of the composite microbial fertilizer synergist provided by the comparative example and the solid granules of the composite microbial fertilizer synergist in example 1 is that the modified sepiolite wool in the shell raw material and the synergist is replaced by the common sepiolite wool which is not modified and has the same weight.
Application example: effect verification test of composite microbial fertilizer synergist
1. Fertilizer and rice variety purchasing: the method is characterized in that a special dreaming silicon fertilizer for rice, which is produced by Wuhan Tiandu plant science and technology limited company (the applicant of the patent of the invention) is taken as an additional fertilizer, and the selected rice variety is early-maturing Zhongdao Fengliangyou No. 1.
2. The cultivation test method comprises the following steps:
15 fields are respectively selected, the area of each field is about 2 mu, and the rice planting test of each field is basically planted according to the test method disclosed in the literature' bilinear hybrid indica rice Fengliou No. 1 planting performance and high-yield cultivation technology (Deng Jian, Tai, etc.; Anhui agricultural science, 2006, 34(23), 6161/6163).
The only difference from the above mentioned documents is that the fertilizer of 14 fields is selected and applied by the following method:
(1) uniformly mixing the special dreaming silicon rice fertilizer and the compound microbial fertilizer synergist prepared in the embodiment and the comparative example according to the proportion (30 kg of synergist is mixed in each ton of special fertilizer) to prepare a mixed fertilizer;
(2) the base fertilizer is applied according to the raw materials and the method in section 3.3 of the above documents; after transplanting, the mixed fertilizer is applied for 5-7 days at a rate of 112.5-150.0kg/hm2Chemical weeding and topdressing are combined; the mixed fertilizer is applied at 150kg/hm at the early stage of young spike differentiation2(ii) a Applying the mixed fertilizer 75kg/hm when the sword leaves are exposed to the tip2。
3. Statistics of rice yield
The rice harvested from each field was statistically harvested using the fertilizer synergists of examples 1-9 and comparative examples 1-5 at the following yields:
TABLE 1 statistic of rice yield in kg/mu
As can be seen from the above table 1, the rice yield of the rice cultivated by the composite microbial fertilizer synergist of the invention is the highest and reaches 617 kg/mu in example 1, and the rice yields of other examples 2-9 are within the range of 550 kg/mu. The rice yield of the comparative example 1 is 513 kg/mu, the rice yield of the comparative example 2 is 489 kg/mu, and the rice yields of the comparative examples 3, 4 and 5 are all 520 kg/mu with a small difference of 490-. Therefore, the compound microbial fertilizer synergist provided by the invention is added into a common fertilizer, so that the yield of rice can be obviously increased.
Claims (10)
1. The composite microbial fertilizer synergist is a solid granule consisting of an inner core and an outer shell, wherein the inner core comprises 40-55 wt% of a composite microbial preparation, 42-59 wt% of a seaweed extract and 1.5-2.5 wt% of a first adhesive, and the composite microbes are adsorbed on the surfaces and the insides of particles of the seaweed extract; the shell comprises 25-35 wt% of a composite amino acid preparation, 30-45 wt% of modified sepiolite wool, 24-32 wt% of a pore-forming agent, 3-5 wt% of a disintegrating agent and 3-5 wt% of a second adhesive;
the preparation method of the modified sepiolite wool comprises the following steps:
s1, adding the sepiolite wool into dilute hydrochloric acid according to the weight-to-volume ratio of 1:8-10, stirring for 4-8h, standing, performing suction filtration, washing with purified water, and drying to obtain acid-activated sepiolite wool;
s2, uniformly stirring the acid-activated sepiolite wool, the dispersant and the purified water according to the weight ratio of 1:0.2-0.3:8-10 to obtain acid-activated sepiolite wool slurry;
s3, taking the acid activated sepiolite velvet slurry and the silane coupling agent according to the volume ratio of 1:6-8, uniformly stirring and drying to obtain the modified sepiolite velvet.
2. The compound microbial fertilizer synergist of claim 1, wherein the raw materials of the inner core comprise 50 wt% of the compound microbial preparation, 48 wt% of the seaweed extract, and 2 wt% of the first binder; the shell comprises 30 wt% of a compound amino acid preparation, 36 wt% of modified sepiolite wool, 28 wt% of a pore-forming agent, 3 wt% of a disintegrating agent and 3 wt% of a second adhesive.
3. The compound microbial fertilizer synergist of claim 1, wherein in the preparation method of the modified sepiolite wool, the weight-to-volume ratio of the sepiolite in the step S1 and the dilute hydrochloric acid is 1:9, and the concentration of the dilute hydrochloric acid is 1.5-1.8 mol/L.
4. The compound microbial fertilizer synergist of claim 1, wherein in the preparation method of the modified sepiolite wool, the weight ratio of the acid-activated sepiolite wool of the step S2, the dispersant and the purified water is 1:0.25: 8.75.
5. The compound microbial fertilizer synergist of claim 1, wherein in the preparation method of the modified sepiolite wool, the volume ratio of the acid-activated sepiolite wool slurry obtained in step S3 to the silane coupling agent is 1: 6.5.
6. The compound microbial fertilizer synergist of claim 1, wherein the compound microbial preparation comprises 16-24 wt% of ammoniated bacteria, 15-20 wt% of actinomycetes, 18-25 wt% of azotobacter, 13-18 wt% of streptomyces, 8-13 wt% of bacillus licheniformis, 6-15 wt% of bacillus subtilis, 4-10 wt% of bacillus megaterium, and 4-10 wt% of trichoderma;
the compound amino acid is 20-34 wt% of polyglutamic acid, 10-22 wt% of polyaspartic acid, 20-30 wt% of polyalanine, 16-22 wt% of serine and 5-10 wt% of threonine.
7. The compound microbial fertilizer synergist of claim 6, wherein the compound microbial preparation comprises 20 wt% of ammoniated bacteria, 16 wt% of actinomycetes, 20 wt% of azotobacter, 16 wt% of streptomyces, 10 wt% of bacillus licheniformis, 8 wt% of bacillus subtilis, 5 wt% of bacillus megaterium, and 5 wt% of trichoderma;
the compound amino acid is 30 wt% of polyglutamic acid, 18 wt% of polyaspartic acid, 26 wt% of polyalanine, 18 wt% of serine and 8 wt% of threonine.
8. The method for preparing the composite microbial fertilizer synergist of claim 1, comprising the following steps:
p1, adding deionized water and buffer into the composite microbial preparation and the seaweed extract, and adjusting the pH value of the solution to 6.0-7.0; then stirring at 400-; finally, uniformly mixing the first granules and the first adhesive, and pressing into an inner core;
p2, adding the compound amino acid preparation and the modified sepiolite wool into deionized water and buffer solution, and adjusting the pH value of the solution to 7.0-8.0; then stirring at the normal temperature of 200 plus 500rpm for 30-50min, and drying to prepare a second granule; and finally, uniformly mixing the second granules with the pore-foaming agent, the disintegrating agent and the second adhesive, and pressing and wrapping the mixture on the surface of the inner core to obtain the compound microbial fertilizer synergist.
9. The method for preparing a compound microbial fertilizer synergist of claim 8, wherein in step S1, the stirring speed is 500rpm and the stirring time is 1.5 h.
10. The method for preparing a compound microbial fertilizer synergist of claim 8, wherein in step S2, the stirring speed is 300rpm and the stirring time is 45 min.
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