CN113000555A - Fire treatment method for hazardous waste incineration ash - Google Patents
Fire treatment method for hazardous waste incineration ash Download PDFInfo
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- CN113000555A CN113000555A CN202110204366.0A CN202110204366A CN113000555A CN 113000555 A CN113000555 A CN 113000555A CN 202110204366 A CN202110204366 A CN 202110204366A CN 113000555 A CN113000555 A CN 113000555A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 239000002920 hazardous waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000004056 waste incineration Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 78
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 26
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- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
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- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- CSDREXVUYHZDNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumanylidynesilicon Chemical compound [Al].[Si] CSDREXVUYHZDNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/40—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving thermal treatment, e.g. evaporation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
- C22B7/001—Dry processes
- C22B7/004—Dry processes separating two or more metals by melting out (liquation), i.e. heating above the temperature of the lower melting metal component(s); by fractional crystallisation (controlled freezing)
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
- C22B7/02—Working-up flue dust
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B2101/00—Type of solid waste
- B09B2101/30—Incineration ashes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/82—Recycling of waste of electrical or electronic equipment [WEEE]
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for treating hazardous waste incineration ash by a pyrogenic process, which comprises the following steps: adding a curing agent into ash for curing treatment, mixing and proportioning the cured ash with a waste circuit board and other combustible materials to form a mixed raw material, adding a flux into the mixed raw material, and then feeding the mixed raw material into a melting system for pyrometallurgical melting to obtain slag, blister copper and other metal phases adsorbed in the blister copper; the smoke generated by smelting is purified by a smoke system and then is discharged after reaching the standard; and the soot generated by the flue gas system enters a raw material workshop for secondary smelting after the raw materials are proportioned again. The method can be used for industrialized and large-scale production, has low treatment cost, high utilization rate of the ash, no secondary pollution and high metal recovery rate, and realizes the recycling and harmless treatment of the ash essentially.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the relevant technical field of hazardous waste incineration, in particular to a pyrogenic process treatment method for hazardous waste incineration ash.
Background
With the enhancement of environmental protection supervision and the improvement of a hazardous waste management system, the annual output of hazardous wastes in China is increased year by year, the treatment capacity of the hazardous wastes is also steadily increased, but the problem that secondary hazardous wastes, namely furnace slag, fly ash and the like generated in the treatment process still need to be overcome is solved. The fly ash has high yield, and meanwhile, the fly ash contains a large amount of heavy metal elements, salts, dioxin with high toxic equivalent and other pollution components which are listed in HW18 of national hazardous waste records, so the fly ash needs to be treated according to the standard of hazardous waste. In 2016, the amount of hazardous waste in China is 110 ten thousand tons, at present, the fly ash generated by incinerating the hazardous waste is still buried safely in a solidified mode, but the limited storage capacity of a safe landfill site appears as a water-in-block salary relative to the yield of the hazardous waste which is rapidly increasing at a speed of 12% per year. Therefore, while exploring a safe and reliable solidification/stabilization fly ash disposal technology, resource utilization approaches and markets of fly ash should be actively developed, waste is changed into valuable, and the storage capacity pressure of safe landfill is thoroughly solved.
At present, the domestic ash treatment modes comprise technologies such as solidification and stabilization, safe landfill, plasma melting, extraction and separation and the like.
The solidification and stabilization are the main technologies for disposing the ash at present, and the harmful substances in the ash are stabilized firstly and then are safely buried. However, the safe landfill can occupy a lot of land resources, and the difficulty of site selection fully explains the disadvantages of the safe landfill as the construction standard of the landfill site is gradually stricter. In addition, safe landfills do not fundamentally solve the disposal problem of ash, and leaching risks may exist.
The plasma melting technology needs to consume a large amount of energy, and meanwhile, the volatile heavy metal elements such as Pb, Cd, Zn and the like in the plasma melting technology need to be subjected to subsequent strict flue gas treatment, so the treatment cost is high.
Chemical agent stabilization techniques (followed by extraction and separation) are mainly used for treating heavy metal waste. To date, many techniques for stabilizing heavy metals have been developed, such as pH control techniques, oxidation/reduction potential control techniques, precipitation techniques, adsorption techniques, ion exchange techniques, and the like. The stabilization treatment effect of the chelate organic heavy metal stabilizing agent which is developed quickly at present on various heavy metal pollutants is proved by experiments, but how the long-term stability is, the further investigation is needed. In addition, the chelating agent is expensive, the stabilizing effect on dioxin is not obvious, and the dehydration filtrate after the fly ash treatment needs to be carried out twice, so that the wide application of the chelating agent is limited.
Chinese patent CN 107338358A discloses a method for removing heavy metals and dioxin from incineration fly ash, which adopts a molten pool smelting device to smelt the fly ash, but the method has the following problems (1) that the form of the fly ash is unstable and secondary pollution is easy to generate when the fly ash is injected into the molten pool smelting device by using oxygen-enriched air or compressed air as a medium. (2) The heat sources in the smelting process are coal powder, fuel oil, natural gas and the like, and the treatment cost is high. (3) The metal recovery rate is lower, the additive of the recycled material is electroplating sludge, tailings, smelting slag and the like, the transportation difficulty is higher, and the operation cost of dangerous waste enterprises is high. (4) The patent only relates to the treatment of fly ash, and does not make a process description on hazardous waste incineration residue.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a fire method for treating hazardous waste incineration ash so as to solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a method for treating hazardous waste incineration ash by a fire method comprises the following steps:
adding a curing agent into ash for curing treatment, mixing and proportioning the cured ash with a waste circuit board and other combustible materials to form a mixed raw material, adding a flux into the mixed raw material, and then feeding the mixed raw material into a melting system for pyrometallurgical melting to obtain slag, blister copper and other metal phases adsorbed in the blister copper;
the smoke generated by smelting is purified by a smoke system and then is discharged after reaching the standard;
and the soot generated by the flue gas system enters a raw material workshop for secondary smelting after the raw materials are proportioned again.
As a further scheme of the invention: and cement is selected as a curing agent for the ash solidification treatment, and the ratio of the solidified ash to the waste circuit board is 1: 1-1: 3.
As a still further scheme of the invention: the flux comprises quartz, lime, pellet ore and resin powder.
As a still further scheme of the invention: the proportioned mixed raw materials enter a smelting furnace, the fed materials enter a molten pool area in the smelting furnace under the action of the spray gun and are surrounded by high-temperature melt, the materials are stirred up and down and left and right along with the forced flow of the melt, oxygen is blown into the smelting furnace, and the oxygen and the mixed raw materials are subjected to chemical reaction.
As a still further scheme of the invention: the oxygen content volume fraction of the oxygen-enriched air in the spray gun is 20-95%, and the fuel oil used in the spray gun is one or more of light fuel oil, common diesel oil or heavy oil.
As a still further scheme of the invention: the smelting system comprises a top-blown smelting furnace, a top-side combined converting furnace or an oxygen-enriched shaft furnace.
As a still further scheme of the invention: the temperature of the top-blown smelting furnace, the top-side combined converting furnace or the oxygen-enriched shaft furnace is controlled between 1000 ℃ and 1600 ℃ in the smelting process.
As a still further scheme of the invention: the flue gas treatment system is connected with a top-blown smelting furnace, a top-side combined converting furnace or an oxygen-enriched shaft furnace smoke outlet, the flue gas treatment system comprises a secondary combustion chamber, an exhaust-heat boiler, a quench tower, a bag-type dust remover, an acid-base adsorption tower, a wet-electric demister and a chimney which are sequentially communicated, and the exhaust-heat boiler is further connected with an SNCR system.
As a still further scheme of the invention: the secondary combustion chamber is provided with an air supply port for providing air, oxygen or oxygen-enriched air and a combustion supply port for providing one or more of light diesel oil, natural gas and compressed air, and the oxygen content of the oxygen-enriched air in the air supply port is 20-60%.
As a still further scheme of the invention: the temperature of the inlet flue gas of the secondary combustion chamber is controlled to be 1300 ℃, the temperature of the outlet flue gas is controlled to be 1100 ℃, and the residual oxygen content of the flue gas is controlled to be 11%.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: a top-blown molten pool smelting furnace is adopted for carrying out pyrogenic process smelting, and the hazardous waste incineration ash is subjected to resource and harmless treatment;
in the raw material stage, the ash is cured, after the ash is doped into a cement matrix, metal oxides with lower solubility are formed through a series of physical and chemical actions under a certain condition, so that the migration rate of pollutants in a waste cement matrix system is reduced, and the dust pollution is reduced; in the smelting stage, the heat required in the smelting process is mainly derived from waste circuit board combustion heat or resin powder and other combustible materials combustion heat, so that the energy consumption is reduced to a great extent, and the ash treatment cost is reduced; in the aspect of smelting slag type, main components of the ash slag and the waste circuit board belong to a CaO-S iO2-A12O3-FeO system when the ash slag and the waste circuit board are subjected to synergistic treatment, and mutual supplement and component adjustment can be realized in the slag type adjustment control process; on one hand, dioxin in the fly ash can be thoroughly destroyed in a high-temperature furnace, heavy metals are adsorbed to a metal phase of a waste circuit board in a chemical bonding mode and partially enter furnace slag, the solidification rate of heavy metal ions is high, secondary pollution in the use process of a fly ash product is avoided, the produced furnace slag can be made into a building material which is used as a raw material in the production industries of ceramics, glass and the like or directly used as a roadbed filling material, and on the other hand, rare metals or other valuable metals existing in the furnace slag are adsorbed in a crude copper product and enter the next working procedure for recycling; the smoke generated by smelting is treated by a smoke system and is discharged after reaching standards, and the smoke generated by the smoke system enters a raw material system for secondary smelting.
The method can be used for industrialized and large-scale production, has low treatment cost, high utilization rate of the ash, no secondary pollution and high metal recovery rate, and realizes the recycling and harmless treatment of the ash essentially.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow chart of a fire method for treating hazardous waste incineration ash.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In addition, an element of the present invention may be said to be "fixed" or "disposed" to another element, either directly on the other element or with intervening elements present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and the like as used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only embodiments.
In the method that danger incineration sediment pyrometallurgical treatment that provides, adopt top-blown molten bath smelting furnace to carry out pyrometallurgical smelting, carry out resourceization, innocent treatment to danger incineration sediment useless. As shown in fig. 1, in the raw material stage, the ash is cured, after the ash is doped into the cement matrix, under certain conditions, a series of physical and chemical actions are performed to form metal oxides with smaller solubility, so that the mobility of pollutants in a waste cement matrix system is reduced, and the dust pollution is reduced; in the smelting stage, the heat required in the smelting process is mainly derived from waste circuit board combustion heat or resin powder and other combustible materials combustion heat, so that the energy consumption is reduced to a great extent, and the ash treatment cost is reduced; in the flue gas treatment stage, flue gas generated by smelting passes through a series of flue gas purification systems, no dioxin and other secondary pollution is generated, the flue gas can reach the standard emission, and the recycling and harmless treatment of ash residues is realized essentially.
"danger is useless burns lime-ash" including the useless lime-ash that burns of medical treatment danger, the useless lime-ash that burns of industry danger, waste incineration lime-ash, the useless cigarette ash such as cigarette ash that burns the gas cleaning system production of danger in this application.
The smelting device is a top-blown molten pool smelting furnace, a top-blown combined converting and oxygen-enriched shaft furnace, and comprises an Isa furnace, an Osmant furnace, a Vanecov furnace and other furnace types.
In the method for the pyrogenic treatment of the hazardous waste incineration ash provided by the application, the cement is preferably used as the curing agent for curing the ash, and the particle size of the cured ash is about 2cm multiplied by 2 cm-15 cm multiplied by 15 cm. Particularly, if the waste circuit board is mixed with the waste circuit board for treatment, the particle size of the waste circuit board is similar to that of solidified ash.
In the method for processing the dangerous waste incineration ash by the fire method, when the ash is used as a processing material, the amount of the fusing agents such as quartz stone, limestone and pellet ore is adjusted according to the type of the ash, a certain fusing agent is not limited to be added, and one or more fusing agents can be flexibly selected according to the type of the dangerous waste ash and the type of the smelting slag.
In the method for the pyrogenic treatment of the hazardous waste incineration ash provided by the application, the smelting slag type is a CaO-SiO2-A12O3-FeO quaternary system slag type, the iron-silicon ratio is controlled to be 1.0-1.5 in the top-blown smelting process, and the silicon-calcium ratio and the aluminum-silicon ratio in the smelting slag are controlled within the required range of the process.
Preferably, the control range of the oxygen-enriched concentration of the spray gun in the smelting furnace is 20-95%, and the specific control value of the oxygen-enriched concentration is adjusted according to the combustion atmosphere in the smelting furnace and the smelting temperature.
Preferably, if the dangerous waste incineration ash and the waste circuit board are mixed, the combustion atmosphere in the smelting furnace is controlled to be a weak oxidation atmosphere, the control range of the oxygen-enriched concentration is 20% -70%, and the oxygen-material ratio is controlled to be 0.30-0.45, so that the phenomenon of furnace death caused by foam slag is prevented.
Preferably, when the hazardous waste incineration ash and other combustible materials (resin powder) are mixed for treatment or are separately treated,
coal can be added as one of combustion heat sources, the combustion atmosphere in the furnace can be flexibly controlled according to the temperature and the furnace condition, the oxygen-material ratio is controlled to be 0.30-0.60, and the control range of the oxygen-enriched concentration is 20-95%.
In the method for treating hazardous waste incineration ash by the fire method, the smelting flue gas enters the flue gas purification system and then reaches the standard to be discharged, and the discharge standard means that the flue gas discharge meets the national discharge standard GB 18484-2021.
In the fire method for treating hazardous waste incineration ash provided by the application, the smelting temperature is controlled between 1000 ℃ and 1600 ℃, and the actual control temperature can be adjusted according to the type of materials and the combustion working condition in the furnace. In production practice, the melting temperature includes, but is not limited to, the above ranges.
In the fire method for treating the dangerous waste incineration ash provided by the application, the furnace slag generated by smelting the dangerous waste ash is free of dioxin, and the furnace slag can be made into building materials as raw materials of production industries such as ceramics and glass or directly used as roadbed filling materials.
The following are specific examples of the present invention, which are included in the scope of the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
Reaction raw materials: hazardous waste incineration residue, smoke dust and fly ash of a flue gas system and waste circuit boards.
The reaction flux is quartz stone, limestone, pellet, powdered coal and cement.
The oxygen-enriched air content in the spray gun is 30%, and the fuel sources are diesel oil blown into the spray gun, pulverized coal supplied by a raw material system and waste circuit boards.
The ash slag after curing and the waste circuit board are mixed according to the proportion of 1:1, conveying the mixture into a top-blown molten pool smelting furnace through a belt for smelting, adding quartz stone, limestone and pulverized coal in the smelting process, controlling the temperature in the smelting process to be 1100 ℃, controlling the smelting slag type to be CaO-SiO2-A12O3-FeO quaternary system slag type, controlling the iron-silicon ratio to be 1.0-1.5 and controlling the oxygen-material ratio to be 0.35 in the top-blown smelting process.
The smoke generated by smelting enters a smoke system to be discharged after reaching the standard, and the smoke enters a raw material system for secondary smelting.
Slag generated by smelting is discharged from a slag hole and is used as a raw material in the glass production industry; the metal phase (including crude copper, rare metal, noble metal, partial heavy metal and the like) is discharged from a copper port and enters the next working procedure (electrolytic refining, extraction by a method and the like) for recycling, and the metal recovery rate is more than or equal to 95 percent.
Example 2
Reaction raw materials: hazardous waste incineration residue, smoke dust and fly ash of a flue gas system and resin powder.
The reaction flux is quartz stone, limestone, pellet, powdered coal and cement.
The oxygen-enriched air content in the spray gun is 65%, and the fuel sources are diesel oil blown into the spray gun, pulverized coal and resin powder supplied by a raw material system.
The ash and resin powder after curing are mixed according to the proportion of 1: 2, conveying the mixture into a top-blown molten pool smelting furnace through a belt for smelting, adding quartz stone, limestone and pulverized coal in the smelting process, controlling the temperature in the smelting process to be 1000 ℃, controlling the smelting slag type to be CaO-SiO2-A12O3-FeO quaternary system slag type, controlling the iron-silicon ratio to be 1.0-1.5 in the top-blown smelting process, and controlling the smelting oxygen-material ratio to be 0.5.
The smoke generated by smelting enters a smoke system to be discharged after reaching the standard, and the smoke enters a raw material system for secondary smelting.
Slag generated by smelting in the smelting furnace is used as highway subgrade filler.
Comparing the above examples 1 and 2, it can be seen that the hazardous waste incineration ash can be used as a raw material for processing alone or mixed with other materials, the adjustable range of the oxygen-enriched concentration is large in the process of mixing with materials such as resin powder and the like for processing, oxygen-enriched even pure oxygen melting can be achieved, the supplement amount of other fuels such as pulverized coal, diesel oil and the like is saved, and the heat utilization rate is high; the waste circuit board contains more metal phases, and the metal recovery rate is higher when the waste circuit board and the circuit board are subjected to synergistic treatment.
According to the technical scheme, the top-blown molten pool smelting furnace is adopted for carrying out pyrogenic smelting, and the hazardous waste incineration ash is subjected to recycling and harmless treatment. In the raw material stage, the ash is cured, after the ash is doped into a cement matrix, metal oxides with lower solubility are formed through a series of physical and chemical actions under a certain condition, so that the migration rate of pollutants in a waste cement matrix system is reduced, and the dust pollution is reduced; in the smelting stage, the heat required in the smelting process is mainly derived from waste circuit board combustion heat or resin powder and other combustible materials combustion heat, so that the energy consumption is reduced to a great extent, and the ash treatment cost is reduced; in the aspect of smelting slag type, main components of the ash slag and the waste circuit board belong to a CaO-SiO2-A12O3-FeO system when the ash slag and the waste circuit board are subjected to synergistic treatment, and mutual supplement and component adjustment can be realized in the slag type adjustment control process; on one hand, dioxin in the fly ash can be thoroughly destroyed in a high-temperature furnace, heavy metals are adsorbed to a metal phase of a waste circuit board in a chemical bonding mode and partially enter furnace slag, the solidification rate of heavy metal ions is high, secondary pollution in the use process of a fly ash product is avoided, the produced furnace slag can be made into a building material which is used as a raw material in the production industries of ceramics, glass and the like or directly used as a roadbed filling material, and on the other hand, rare metals or other valuable metals existing in the furnace slag are adsorbed in a crude copper product and enter the next working procedure for recycling; the smoke generated by smelting is treated by a smoke system and is discharged after reaching standards, and the smoke generated by the smoke system enters a raw material system for secondary smelting. The method can be used for industrialized and large-scale production, has low treatment cost, high utilization rate of the ash, no secondary pollution and high metal recovery rate, and realizes the recycling and harmless treatment of the ash essentially.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.
Claims (10)
1. The method for treating the hazardous waste incineration ash by the fire method is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
adding a curing agent into ash for curing treatment, mixing and proportioning the cured ash with a waste circuit board and other combustible materials to form a mixed raw material, adding a flux into the mixed raw material, and then feeding the mixed raw material into a melting system for pyrometallurgical melting to obtain slag, blister copper and other metal phases adsorbed in the blister copper;
the smoke generated by smelting is purified by a smoke system and then is discharged after reaching the standard;
and the soot generated by the flue gas system enters a raw material workshop for secondary smelting after the raw materials are proportioned again.
2. The method for pyrogenic processing of hazardous waste incineration ash according to claim 1, wherein cement is selected as a curing agent for the ash curing process, and the ratio of the cured ash to the waste circuit board is 1: 1-1: 3.
3. The method for pyrotreating hazardous waste incineration ash according to claim 1, wherein the flux comprises quartz, lime, pellets and resin powder.
4. The method for the fire treatment of hazardous waste incineration ash according to claim 1, wherein the proportioned mixed raw materials enter a smelting furnace, the fed materials enter a molten pool area in the smelting furnace under the action of a spray gun and are surrounded by high-temperature melt, the materials are stirred up and down, left and right along with the forced flow of the melt, oxygen is blown into the smelting furnace, and the oxygen and the mixed raw materials are subjected to chemical reaction.
5. The method for processing the hazardous waste incineration ash according to claim 4, wherein the oxygen content volume fraction of the oxygen-enriched air in the lance is 20-95%, and the fuel oil used in the lance is one or more of light fuel oil, common diesel oil or heavy oil.
6. The method for pyrotreating hazardous waste incineration ash according to claim 1, wherein the smelting system comprises a top-blown smelting furnace, a top-side combined converting furnace or an oxygen-enriched shaft furnace.
7. The method for pyrotreating hazardous waste incineration ash according to claim 6, wherein the temperature of the top-blown smelting furnace, the top-side combined converting furnace or the oxygen-enriched shaft furnace is controlled to be 1000-1600 ℃ during the smelting process.
8. The fire processing method for hazardous waste incineration ash according to claim 6, wherein the flue gas treatment system is connected with a flue outlet of the top-blowing smelting furnace, the top-side combined converting furnace or the oxygen-enriched shaft furnace, the flue gas treatment system comprises a secondary combustion chamber, a waste heat boiler, a quenching tower, a bag-type dust remover, an acid-base adsorption tower, a wet-electric demister and a chimney which are sequentially communicated, and the waste heat boiler is further connected with an SNCR system.
9. The method for pyro-treating hazardous waste incineration ash according to claim 8, wherein the secondary combustion chamber has an air supply port for supplying air, oxygen or oxygen-enriched air and an air supply port for supplying one or more of light diesel oil, natural gas and compressed air, and the oxygen content of the oxygen-enriched air in the air supply port is 20-60%.
10. The method for processing hazardous waste incineration ash according to claim 8, wherein the inlet flue gas temperature of the secondary combustion chamber is controlled to be 1300 ℃, the outlet flue gas temperature is controlled to be 1100 ℃, and the residual oxygen content of the flue gas is controlled to be 11%.
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