JP2002346502A - Molten and solidified incinerator ash melting and solidifying method and apparatus and method for using molten and solidified ash - Google Patents
Molten and solidified incinerator ash melting and solidifying method and apparatus and method for using molten and solidified ashInfo
- Publication number
- JP2002346502A JP2002346502A JP2001156526A JP2001156526A JP2002346502A JP 2002346502 A JP2002346502 A JP 2002346502A JP 2001156526 A JP2001156526 A JP 2001156526A JP 2001156526 A JP2001156526 A JP 2001156526A JP 2002346502 A JP2002346502 A JP 2002346502A
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- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- melting
- molten
- ash
- furnace
- incineration ash
- Prior art date
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- Granted
Links
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 104
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 235000020637 scallop Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 241000237502 Ostreidae Species 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 235000020636 oyster Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 241001474374 Blennius Species 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical group [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 241000237503 Pectinidae Species 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 claims description 9
- -1 composed of O 3 Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000512259 Ascophyllum nodosum Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010309 melting process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 235000014102 seafood Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 abstract description 14
- 241000237509 Patinopecten sp. Species 0.000 abstract description 12
- 235000015170 shellfish Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 2
- 235000002918 Fraxinus excelsior Nutrition 0.000 abstract 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- 229910018404 Al2 O3 Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 7
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000007922 dissolution test Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000001603 reducing effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005496 eutectics Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001784 detoxification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 241000251730 Chondrichthyes Species 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000010724 Wisteria floribunda Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910052661 anorthite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- GWWPLLOVYSCJIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;calcium;disilicate Chemical compound [Al+3].[Al+3].[Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] GWWPLLOVYSCJIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002013 dioxins Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000005674 electromagnetic induction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009408 flooring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001678 gehlenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004056 waste incineration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000584629 Aosa Species 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102100033007 Carbonic anhydrase 14 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- MBMLMWLHJBBADN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ferrous sulfide Chemical compound [Fe]=S MBMLMWLHJBBADN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101000867862 Homo sapiens Carbonic anhydrase 14 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 208000012868 Overgrowth Diseases 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000805 Pig iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001455273 Tetrapoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000196252 Ulva Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001261506 Undaria pinnatifida Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000002969 artificial stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012768 molten material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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Landscapes
- Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】この発明は、都市ごみ等の廃
棄物を焼却することにより発生する焼却灰の溶融固化物
と溶融固化処理方法及び装置並びに溶融固化物の利用方
法に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for melting and solidifying incinerated ash generated by incinerating waste such as municipal solid waste and a method of using the molten and solidified material.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】日本全国で、一般廃棄物（都市ごみ）
は、平成9年度のデータによれば、年間5,120万ｔ発生し
ており、そのうち７８％が焼却処理され、焼却残渣（焼却
灰）が約600万t/年発生している。焼却によりごみの体積
が約１／１０に減容されるとはいえ、埋立地の不足や確
保の困難さ、埋め立てた灰からの有害物の溶出あるいは
未燃焼物による環境汚染の防止の観点から焼却灰の溶融
固化処理が望まれている。[Prior Art] General waste (municipal waste) in Japan
According to the data for FY 1997, 51.2 million tons were generated annually, of which 78% was incinerated and incineration residues (incinerated ash) were generated at about 6 million tons / year. Although the volume of garbage is reduced to about 1/10 by incineration, from the viewpoint of shortage of landfills, difficulty in securing them, elution of harmful substances from landfill ash, or prevention of environmental pollution by unburned substances There is a demand for a solidification treatment of incinerated ash.
【０００３】溶融方法として、バーナにより灰の表面を
加熱し溶融する方式や電気エネルギーを使う方法として
アークやプラズマの熱源を用いる方式や、３相交流、直
流電流を使う抵抗加熱方式等が商品化されている。ま
た、溶解炉内に導電性発熱体を配置し、この導電性発熱
体を誘導加熱することによって、該炉内に投入された焼
却灰を溶融する装置も提案されている。ゴミ焼却灰の溶
融方法に関する特許提案としては、プラズマ加熱方式
（特開平１−２７３９０８号公報）、アーク放電加熱方
式（特開平２−９９１８４号公報）、電磁誘導加熱方式
（特開昭６１−２１０９９８号公報、特開平３−２６７
１８６号公報、特開平３−２６７１８７号公報）、バー
ナ燃焼加熱（表面溶融）方式（特開平３−２６３５１３
号公報）等が知られている。[0003] As a melting method, a method of heating and melting the ash surface by a burner, a method using an arc or plasma heat source as a method using electric energy, and a resistance heating method using a three-phase AC or DC current are commercially available. Have been. Further, an apparatus has been proposed in which a conductive heating element is disposed in a melting furnace, and the conductive heating element is induction-heated to melt the incineration ash charged into the furnace. Patent proposals for a method of melting refuse incineration ash include a plasma heating method (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 1-273908), an arc discharge heating method (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2-99184), and an electromagnetic induction heating method (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 61-210998). No., JP-A-3-267
186, JP-A-3-267187), a burner combustion heating (surface melting) method (JP-A-3-263513).
Is known.
【０００４】上記各種の溶融固化処理方法により、溶融
物はガラス質の固形物として減容回収することができる
が、投棄地の容量にも限界があり、より一層の減容化や
再資源化の努力が払われるようになってきている。最近
では、資源のリサイクル化の観点に立った研究が進み、
堆肥化や有価物の回収といったことも行われる。このよ
うな再資源化には無害化処理が重要であるが、ごみ焼却
灰の溶融スラグから建築資材等を再生する方法が、特に
注目を浴びるようになってきている（特開平７−１５５
７２８号公報、特開平９−３０１７５０号公報、特開平
１１−２１１５５号公報等参照）。[0004] By the above-mentioned various methods of melting and solidification, the melt can be reduced in volume and recovered as a vitreous solid. However, the capacity of the dumped land is limited, so that the volume can be further reduced or recycled. Efforts are being taken. Recently, research has been advanced from the viewpoint of resource recycling,
Composting and recovery of valuable resources are also performed. Detoxification treatment is important for such recycling, but a method of regenerating building materials and the like from molten slag of incinerated ash has been receiving particular attention (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-155).
728, JP-A-9-301750, JP-A-11-21155, etc.).
【０００５】前記特開平９−３０１７５０号公報の従来
の技術の項には、上記に関連して下記旨の記載がある。
即ち、「焼却灰を１５００℃以上の温度で溶融すると、
焼却灰中の可燃物が燃焼しダイオキシンは完全に分解さ
れること、重金属類はガラス質のスラグ中に閉じ込めら
れること、焼却灰を１／３以下に減容できることなどの
利点が挙げられる。これは、焼却灰中の無機分も溶けて
融液となり、特開平３−２７５１３３号公報に記載され
ているように、それを冷却すると固化したスラグとする
ことができるからである。[0005] In the section of the prior art of Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 9-301750, the following is described in connection with the above.
That is, "When incinerated ash is melted at a temperature of 1500 ° C or more,
The combustibles in the incineration ash are burned to completely decompose dioxins, heavy metals are confined in glassy slag, and the incineration ash can be reduced in volume to 1/3 or less. This is because the inorganic component in the incinerated ash is also dissolved to form a melt, and as described in JP-A-3-275133, it can be turned into a solidified slag when cooled.
【０００６】ところで、前記スラグは、路盤材や建築土
木用骨材として使用されたり、成形することによってタ
イルや装飾品に加工することができる。いずれにおいて
も、無害化や化学的安定性が要求されることは言うまで
もないが、そのような溶融スラグを生成させて人工骨材
を製造する方法や装置が種々提案されている。溶融スラ
グを生成する代表的なものとして、旋回溶融法，電気溶
融法，コークス燃焼還元溶融法といった方法が採用され
ている。[0006] The slag can be used as a roadbed material or an aggregate for building civil engineering, or can be processed into tiles or decorative articles by molding. In any case, it is needless to say that detoxification and chemical stability are required, but various methods and apparatuses for producing such an artificial aggregate by generating such a molten slag have been proposed. As a typical method for producing molten slag, methods such as a swirling melting method, an electric melting method, and a coke combustion reduction melting method are employed.
【０００７】旋回溶融法は、焼却灰をアノルサイトＣａ
Ｏ・２ＳｉＯ2・Ａｌ2Ｏ3の結晶が析出しやすい組成に
成分調整し、旋回炉を用いて焼却灰を１４００℃ないし
１４５０℃の雰囲気で溶融させ、それを急冷してガラス
とし、その非晶質なスラグを再加熱してアノルサイトを
均一に析出させ、石材化する方法である。これは、焼却
灰に含まれている鉄分と硫黄分から硫化鉄を生成させ、
それを結晶核形成物質として利用している。」また、前
記特開平７−１５５７２８号公報には、「廃棄物を焼却
して得た灰を電磁誘導加熱方式により連続的に溶融し、
排出した後ガラス化する焼却灰溶融処理方法において、
溶融処理装置への投入前に焼却灰成分組成に対してあら
かじめ溶融時の融点がＣａＯ−ＳｉＯ2−Ａｌ2Ｏ3三元
系液相線図において１４００℃以下の範囲となりかつ溶
融物の粘度がＣａＯ−ＳｉＯ2−Ａｌ2Ｏ3３元系１４０
０℃等粘度曲線図において４０ポアズ以下の範囲となる
ようにＣａＯ、ＳｉＯ2、Ａｌ2Ｏ3の成分組成を調整す
ること」により、焼却灰溶融固化物の体積を低減し、無
害化する技術が開示されている。In the swirling melting method, incinerated ash is converted to anorthite Ca.
O · 2SiO 2 · Al 2 O 3 crystals to component adjustment to easily composition deposited, to not 1400 ° C. The ash using a turning furnace is melted in an atmosphere of 1450 ° C., the glass by quenching it, the non In this method, the crystalline slag is reheated to uniformly precipitate anorthite and turn into stone. This generates iron sulfide from iron and sulfur contained in incineration ash,
It is used as a crystal nucleating substance. In addition, JP-A-7-155728 discloses that "ash obtained by incineration of waste is continuously melted by an electromagnetic induction heating method,
In the incineration ash melting treatment method of vitrifying after discharging,
The melting point of the incineration ash component composition before melting into the melting treatment apparatus is in the range of 1400 ° C. or less in the ternary liquidus diagram of CaO—SiO 2 —Al 2 O 3 in advance and the viscosity of the melt is CaO-SiO 2 -Al 2 O 3 3 -way system 140
By adjusting the component composition of CaO, SiO 2 , and Al 2 O 3 so as to be within the range of 40 poise or less in the 0 ° C. isoviscosity curve diagram, the technology for reducing the volume of the incinerated ash melt-solidified product and rendering it harmless. Is disclosed.
【０００８】さらに、前記特開平９−３０１７５０号公
報には、「生活ごみ，下水汚泥，産業廃棄物等のごみを
焼却して生じた焼却灰の溶融スラグから人工骨材を合成
するために、還元容易なＦｅ・Ｃｒ・Ｐ等の酸化物を溶
融還元して溶融銑鉄を生成すると共にガス含有率が低く
ＳｉＯ2等を主成分した溶融スラグを生成し、該溶融ス
ラグを徐冷した状態で凝固させ、凝固した鋳造スラグを
破砕し、破砕された鋳造スラグ中に残留する非晶質部分
を熱処理すると共に残留内部歪を除去して、ガス含有率
の極めて低い組織の緻密な結晶化が図られたスラグを生
成させるコンクリート用人工骨材の製造方法において、
ＭｇＯ含有量が５％ないし２０％までの範囲における目
標％もしくはそれに極めて近似した含有％となるような
低融点であって共晶凝固する組成を有した溶融スラグを
生成させ、床敷き用砂上へ前記溶融スラグを供給し、そ
の後に被覆用砂で該溶融スラグを覆い、該被覆用砂およ
び前記溶融スラグの上面に多数の凹み溝を与えると共
に、型押しすることにより前記溶融スラグの厚みが２５
ｍｍ以下となるように調整し、その後に保温用砂を被
せ、前記溶融スラグを共晶凝固現象に基づき一次再結晶
させるようにしたことを特徴とする焼却灰溶融スラグか
らの人工砂利製造法」が開示され、「上記により、焼却
灰の還元溶融によりＦｅ系酸化物ならびにその他の重金
属類や還元可能な酸化物類を含まず、また、ＣａＯ−Ｓ
ｉＯ2−Ａｌ2Ｏ3三元系の限られた共晶点の範囲を、５
％ないし２０％までの範囲における目標％もしくはそれ
に極めて近似した含有％となるＭｇＯを添加した四元系
に改質することにより拡大することができ、床敷き用砂
上に供給された溶融スラグは被覆用砂および保温用砂に
よって覆われるので、急冷を抑制することによって四元
系相平衡状態での共晶凝固現象に基づく一次再結晶が実
現できる」旨、記載されている。[0008] Further, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 9-301750 discloses "In order to synthesize artificial aggregate from molten slag of incinerated ash generated by incinerating garbage such as household waste, sewage sludge, and industrial waste, It melts and reduces oxides such as Fe, Cr, and P, which are easy to reduce, to produce molten pig iron, and at the same time, to produce a molten slag having a low gas content and a main component of SiO 2 and the like. Solidification, crushing of the solidified casting slag, heat treatment of the amorphous portion remaining in the crushed casting slag and removal of residual internal strain, dense crystallization of the structure with extremely low gas content is achieved. In the method for producing an artificial aggregate for concrete to produce a slag,
A molten slag having a low melting point and a eutectic solidification composition is produced such that the MgO content is the target% in the range of 5% to 20% or a content percentage very close thereto, and is poured onto sand for flooring. The molten slag is supplied, and thereafter, the molten slag is covered with the coating sand, and a large number of concave grooves are provided on the upper surface of the coating sand and the molten slag, and the thickness of the molten slag is reduced to 25 by embossing.
mm or less, and then covered with sand for heat retention, wherein the molten slag is subjected to primary recrystallization based on a eutectic solidification phenomenon, and a method for producing artificial gravel from incinerated ash molten slag. "From the above, Fe-based oxides and other heavy metals and reducible oxides are not contained by reducing and melting incinerated ash, and CaO-S
The limited range of the eutectic point of the ternary system iO 2 -Al 2 O 3
% To 20%, which can be expanded by reforming into a quaternary system to which MgO is added, which has a target percentage or a content percentage very close to the target percentage, and the molten slag supplied on the flooring sand is coated. The primary recrystallization based on the eutectic solidification phenomenon in the quaternary phase equilibrium state can be realized by suppressing the quenching because it is covered with the sand for use and the heat-retaining sand. "
【０００９】さらにまた、前記特開平１１−２１１５５
号公報には、「焼却灰の飛散を防止するよう加湿した焼
却灰を乾燥させる乾燥工程と、該乾燥工程終了後、乾燥
させた焼却灰を溶融に適した形態に固める固化工程と、
該固化工程終了後、固めた焼却灰に、廃棄プラスチッ
ク、コークスおよび石灰石のうち少なくともコークスお
よび石灰石などの副資材を添加して混合し、焼却灰を成
分調整する混合調整工程と、該混合調整工程終了後、成
分調整した焼却灰を溶融炉で溶融して溶融スラグを得る
溶融工程と、該溶融工程終了後、溶融スラグを徐冷して
石化させた後、所望の粒度の人工骨材に粉砕する骨材化
工程とを備えることを特徴とする人工骨材の製造方法」
が開示されている。[0009] Further, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. H11-21155 is disclosed.
In the official gazette, `` a drying step of drying the humidified incinerated ash to prevent scattering of the incinerated ash, and after the drying step, a solidifying step of solidifying the dried incinerated ash into a form suitable for melting,
After the solidification step, the solidified incinerated ash is mixed with at least auxiliary materials such as waste plastic, coke and limestone, such as coke and limestone, to adjust the components of the incinerated ash. After the completion, the incinerated ash whose components have been adjusted is melted in a melting furnace to obtain a molten slag, and after the completion of the melting step, the molten slag is gradually cooled and turned into petroleum, and then crushed into artificial aggregate having a desired particle size. And a method for producing an artificial aggregate, comprising:
Is disclosed.
【００１０】[0010]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】ところで、前述の特開
平７−１５５７２８号公報に記載された焼却灰溶融固化
処理方法は、あらかじめ乾燥焼却灰の組成分析を行っ
て、ＣａＯ、ＳｉＯ2、Ａｌ2Ｏ3を必要量供給すること
により、焼却灰の組成調整を行なう方法であり、手順が
複雑となる問題がある。By the way, in the incineration ash melting and solidifying method described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 7-155728, the composition of dried incinerated ash is analyzed in advance to obtain CaO, SiO 2 , Al 2. This is a method of adjusting the composition of incinerated ash by supplying a required amount of O 3 , and there is a problem that the procedure becomes complicated.
【００１１】また、特開平９−３０１７５０号公報また
は特開平１１−２１１５５号公報等に記載された焼却灰
溶融固化処理方法は、成分調整材としてＭｇＯまたは石
灰石等の副資材を添加する方法であって、成分調整材と
しての副資材コストが問題点となる。前記特開平７−１
５５７２８号公報に記載された方法においてもこの問題
は同様である。The incineration ash melting and solidifying method described in JP-A-9-301750 or JP-A-11-21155 is a method in which a secondary material such as MgO or limestone is added as a component adjusting material. Thus, there is a problem with the cost of the secondary material as a component adjusting material. JP-A-7-1
This problem is the same in the method described in Japanese Patent No. 55728.
【００１２】この発明は、上記のような問題点を解消す
るためになされたもので、本発明の課題は、焼却灰の減
容化および無害化に当り、成分調整材としての副資材コ
ストを低減し、さらに溶融固化物の特に海中設置資材と
しての有効利用を図ることが可能な、焼却灰溶融固化処
理方法及び装置並びに溶融固化物とその利用方法を提供
することにある。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to reduce the volume and detoxification of incinerated ash, thereby reducing the cost of auxiliary materials as a component adjusting material. It is an object of the present invention to provide an incineration ash fusion-solidification method and apparatus, a fusion-solidified material, and a method of using the same, which can reduce the amount of the molten solidified material, and can further effectively use the molten solidified material, particularly as an undersea installation material.
【００１３】[0013]
【課題を解決するための手段】前述の課題を解決するた
め、この発明の焼却灰の溶融固化物は、乾燥焼却灰にホ
タテ，カキ等の貝殻からなる成分調整材および還元剤を
混合して電気炉で溶融処理し、ＳｉＯ2，Ａｌ2Ｏ3，Ｃ
ａＯ，ＭｇＯ等を主成分とする溶融スラグを出滓させ、
この出滓した溶融スラグを鋳型に鋳込んで徐冷し結晶化
することにより、所定の形状・寸法に岩石化してなるも
のとする（請求項１の発明）。In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a molten and solidified incinerated ash of the present invention is obtained by mixing a dry incinerated ash with a component adjusting material consisting of scallops, oysters and other shells and a reducing agent. Melting treatment in an electric furnace, SiO 2 , Al 2 O 3 , C
The molten slag mainly composed of aO, MgO, etc. is discharged,
The molten slag discharged from the slag is cast into a mold, gradually cooled, and crystallized, thereby forming a rock into a predetermined shape and dimensions (the invention of claim 1).
【００１４】上記発明によれば、焼却灰の成分調整材と
して、現状では廃棄処理に困っているホタテ，カキ等の
貝殻を使用するものとしたので、安価な溶融固化物を得
ることができる。ホタテ，カキなどの貝殻は、年間約３
０〜５０万ｔ発生していると推定され、特にホタテ，カ
キの産地である青森県、北海道、宮城県、広島県などでの
発生が多い。これらの貝殻は主成分がＣａＣＯ3であり、
カルシウムの供給源として様々な用途開発の研究がすす
められているが、技術的、経済的理由により有効利用され
る方策がなく困っているのが現状である。特に青森県で
は長期間野積み状態にさらされており、一部では異臭の
発生や景観を損ねる問題もでてきている。このような状
況下において、焼却灰の成分調整材としてホタテ、カキ
などの貝殻を活用できることは、環境問題も含めて経済
的効果が大きい。According to the above invention, since the shell of scallop, oyster, etc., which is currently difficult to dispose of, is used as the component adjusting material of the incinerated ash, an inexpensive molten solid can be obtained. Scallops, oysters and other shells are about 3 per year
It is estimated that 0,000 to 500,000 tons are generated, and especially in Aomori, Hokkaido, Miyagi, and Hiroshima prefectures, where scallops and oysters are produced. These shells are mainly composed of CaCO 3 ,
Research on the development of various uses as a supply source of calcium has been promoted, but at present it is difficult to find a way to effectively use it for technical and economic reasons. In particular, Aomori Prefecture has been exposed to long-term storage, and in some cases, there is a problem of generation of unpleasant odors and damage to the landscape. Under these circumstances, the ability to utilize shells such as scallops and oysters as a component adjusting material for incinerated ash has great economic effects including environmental issues.
【００１５】前記溶融固化物は、その溶融試験を行なっ
た結果、後述するように無害であり、さらに結晶形態が
ゲーレナイト（２ＣａＯ−ＳｉＯ2−Ａｌ2Ｏ3）であっ
て岩石としての強度がコンクリートブロックの約２〜４
倍となるので、特に海中設置資材として好適に利用でき
る。As a result of conducting a melting test, the melt-solidified material is harmless as will be described later, and has a crystalline form of gehlenite (2CaO—SiO 2 —Al 2 O 3 ) and a strength of rock of concrete. About 2-4 of blocks
Since it is doubled, it can be suitably used particularly as a material to be installed in the sea.
【００１６】さらに、前記海中設置資材としての有効活
用の観点から、下記請求項２の発明が好適である。即
ち、請求項１に記載の溶融固化物は、鉄イオン供与体を
含んでなるものとする（請求項２の発明）。この作用効
果については、関連する下記請求項８の発明の説明にお
いて述べる。Further, from the viewpoint of effective utilization as the undersea installation material, the invention of the following claim 2 is preferable. That is, the molten and solidified product according to claim 1 includes an iron ion donor (the invention according to claim 2). This operation and effect will be described in the related description of the eighth aspect of the present invention.
【００１７】請求項８の発明は、焼却灰溶融固化物の利
用方法であって、前記請求項１または２に記載の焼却灰
溶融固化物を、海中でコンブ，ワカメ等の海藻類の生育
のための藻床部材、もしくは魚介類繁殖のための魚床部
材として利用することを特徴とする。後述するように、
前記焼却灰溶融固化物を海中に設置したところ、これを
藻床として、ワカメ、コンブ類をはじめとしてかなりの
種類と数の海藻類がよく生育することが確認された。コ
ンクリートブロックに比較すると、その生育は、顕著に
速く、また、前記請求項２の発明のように、鉄イオン供
与体を含んでなる焼却灰溶融固化物の方が、ミネラルの
生育効果によって効果が高い。コンクリートブロックの
場合には、アルカリ成分としてＣａ（ＯＨ）2を含んで
おり、これが海中に溶出して、海藻類の生育を妨げると
いわれている。[0018] The invention of claim 8 is a method of utilizing the incinerated ash melt-solidified product, wherein the incinerated ash melt-solidified product according to claim 1 or 2 is used for growing seaweeds such as kelp and wakame in the sea. It is used as an algae bed member for fish or a fish bed member for fish and shellfish breeding. As described below,
When the incinerated ash melt-solidified material was placed in the sea, it was confirmed that a considerable number and variety of seaweeds such as seaweed and kelp grow well using this as an algae bed. Compared to concrete blocks, their growth is remarkably faster, and as in the invention of claim 2, the incinerated ash melt-solidified material containing an iron ion donor is more effective due to the growth effect of minerals. high. Concrete blocks contain Ca (OH) 2 as an alkaline component, which elutes into the sea and is said to hinder the growth of seaweeds.
【００１８】さらに、前記焼却灰溶融固化物は、前述の
ように結晶形態がゲーレナイトであって岩石としての強
度が大きいので、海中の砂や水の動きによって摩耗され
難く、海中設置資材として、この観点からもコンクリー
トブロックよりも好適である。また、藻床として好適な
焼却灰溶融固化物は、海洋生物学的に魚床としても好適
であり、焼却灰溶融固化物の形状寸法は、藻や魚の種類
に応じて適宜、好ましいものとすることができる。Further, since the incinerated ash melt-solidified product has a crystalline form of gehlenite and a high strength as a rock as described above, it is hard to be worn by the movement of sand and water in the sea, and as a material to be installed in the sea, From a viewpoint, it is more preferable than a concrete block. Further, the incinerated ash melt-solidified material suitable as an algae bed is also suitable as a fish bed in terms of marine biology, and the shape and dimensions of the incinerated ash melt-solidified material are preferably as appropriate according to the type of algae or fish. be able to.
【００１９】また、上記請求項１または２に記載の焼却
灰溶融固化物を得るための焼却灰溶融固化処理方法とし
ては、下記請求項３ないし７の発明が好ましい。即ち、
請求項３の発明によれば、乾燥焼却灰に成分調整材およ
び還元剤を混合して電気炉で溶融処理する工程と、Ｓｉ
Ｏ2，Ａｌ2Ｏ3，ＣａＯ，ＭｇＯ等を主成分とする溶融
スラグを出滓させる工程と、この出滓した溶融スラグを
鋳型に鋳込んで徐冷し結晶化する工程とを含む焼却灰溶
融固化処理方法において、前記成分調整材として、ホタ
テ，カキ等の貝殻を用いることとする。前記請求項３の
発明の方法によれば、前記焼却灰溶融固化物が得られる
効果の他に、焼却灰溶融温度が低下し、また溶融スラグ
の流動性が向上するので、溶融スラグの取出しならびに
鋳型操作が容易となる公知の効果もある。As the incineration ash melt-solidification method for obtaining the incineration ash melt-solidified product according to claim 1 or 2, the following inventions 3 to 7 are preferred. That is,
According to the invention of claim 3, a step of mixing a component adjusting material and a reducing agent with the dry incinerated ash and performing a melting treatment in an electric furnace;
Incineration ash including a process of removing molten slag containing O 2 , Al 2 O 3 , CaO, MgO, etc. as a main component, and a process of casting the molten slag that has been removed into a mold, gradually cooling, and crystallizing. In the melt-solidification method, shells such as scallops and oysters are used as the component adjusting material. According to the method of the third aspect of the present invention, in addition to the effect of obtaining the incinerated ash melt-solidified product, the incinerated ash melting temperature is lowered, and the fluidity of the molten slag is improved. There is also a known effect that facilitates the template operation.
【００２０】さらに前記請求項３の発明の実施態様とし
て、下記請求項４の発明が好適である。即ち、請求項３
に記載の処理方法において、前記貝殻はフレーク状に砕
いたものとし、前記乾燥焼却灰に対する混合割合を、５
〜２０重量％とする。５％より少ない場合には、前記溶
融温度が低下と流動性向上効果が低い。また、２０％よ
り多い場合には結晶化しにくい。Further, as an embodiment of the third aspect of the invention, the following fourth aspect of the invention is preferable. That is, claim 3
In the treatment method described in 1, the shell is crushed into flakes, and the mixing ratio with respect to the dry incineration ash is 5%.
To 20% by weight. If it is less than 5%, the melting temperature is lowered and the fluidity improving effect is low. If it is more than 20%, it is difficult to crystallize.
【００２１】また、請求項２の発明に関わり、前記請求
項３または４に記載の処理方法において、前記溶融スラ
グに鉄イオン供与体を添加した後、鋳込を行なうことと
する（請求項５の発明）。According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the processing method according to the third or fourth aspect, after the iron ion donor is added to the molten slag, casting is performed. Invention).
【００２２】さらに、請求項５に記載の処理方法におい
て、前記鉄イオン供与体は、鉄材の圧延時に発生する鉄
酸化物（ミルスケール）とする（請求項６の発明）。ミ
ルスケールは、鉄酸化物として、ＦｅＯ，Ｆｅ2Ｏ3，Ｆ
ｅ3Ｏ4などを含むが、ＦｅＯが約７〜９割であり、これ
が海藻類の生育に効果があると考えられる。その好適な
添加量として、請求項７の発明が好ましい。即ち、前記
請求項６に記載の処理方法において、前記ミルスケール
の添加量は、前記乾燥焼却灰と貝殻との合計重量部を１
００とした場合に、２〜７重量部とする。Further, in the processing method according to the fifth aspect, the iron ion donor is an iron oxide (mill scale) generated during rolling of an iron material (the invention of the sixth aspect). The mill scale uses FeO, Fe 2 O 3 , F
Although etc. e 3 O 4, FeO is about 7-9 percent, which is considered to be effective for the growth of algae. As a preferable addition amount, the invention of claim 7 is preferable. That is, in the processing method according to claim 6, the addition amount of the mill scale is 1 part by weight of the total weight of the dried incinerated ash and the shell.
When it is 00, it is 2 to 7 parts by weight.
【００２３】次に、前記請求項３または４に記載の焼却
灰溶融固化処理方法を実施するための装置としては、請
求項９ないし１１の発明が好ましい。即ち、請求項３ま
たは４に記載の焼却灰溶融固化処理方法を実施するため
の装置であって、乾燥焼却灰，貝殻からなる成分調整材
および還元剤を配合した混合物の供給手段と、直流電気
抵抗式還元溶融炉と、この溶融炉に設けてなり炉内で溶
融処理した溶融スラグ，溶融金属および溶融飛灰を個別
に取り出すための手段と、取り出した前記溶融スラグを
導入し所定の形状・寸法に鋳込む鋳型手段とを備えるも
のとする（請求項９の発明）。また、前記請求項９に記
載の処理装置において、前記直流電気抵抗式還元溶融炉
は、炉の上部に前記混合物の導入口と主電極を設け、か
つ炉底に炉底電極を設けてなるものとする（請求項１０
の発明）。Next, as an apparatus for performing the incineration ash melting and solidifying method according to the third or fourth aspect, the inventions of the ninth to eleventh aspects are preferable. That is, an apparatus for carrying out the incineration ash melting and solidifying method according to claim 3 or 4, wherein a supply means of a mixture in which a component adjusting material composed of dry incineration ash and shells and a reducing agent are blended, A resistance reduction melting furnace, means for individually removing the molten slag, molten metal and molten fly ash which are provided in the melting furnace and which have been melted in the furnace; And a mold means for casting into dimensions (the invention of claim 9). 10. The processing apparatus according to claim 9, wherein the direct current resistance type reduction melting furnace is provided with an inlet for the mixture and a main electrode at an upper part of the furnace, and a furnace bottom electrode at a furnace bottom. (Claim 10
Invention).
【００２４】上記処理装置によれば、炉内で溶融物が動
きにくく、重金属が炉の底部に静かな重力沈降によって
分離できるので、溶融スラグへの重金属の混入が抑制さ
れ、海中設置資材として好適な溶融固形物を得ることが
できる。According to the above processing apparatus, the molten material is hard to move in the furnace, and the heavy metal can be separated from the bottom of the furnace by gentle gravity sedimentation. A molten solid can be obtained.
【００２５】また、前記請求項９または１０に記載の処
理装置において、前記溶融スラグに鉄イオン供与体を添
加する手段を備えるものとする（請求項１１の発明）。Further, in the processing apparatus according to the ninth or tenth aspect, a means for adding an iron ion donor to the molten slag is provided (the invention of the eleventh aspect).
【００２６】[0026]
【発明の実施の形態】図面に基づき、本発明の実施例に
ついて以下に述べる。Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
【００２７】（処理フローおよび処理装置について）図
１および図２は、本発明に関わる焼却灰溶融固化処理フ
ローおよび処理装置の概略構成の一例を示す。図１およ
び図２に基づき、この発明の実施例の処理方法について
以下に述べる。(Regarding Processing Flow and Processing Apparatus) FIGS. 1 and 2 show an example of an incineration ash fusion solidification processing flow and a schematic configuration of a processing apparatus according to the present invention. A processing method according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS.
【００２８】図１に示すように、まず、焼却灰から粗大
物・鉄クズなどを篩い分け、磁選後乾燥する。この乾燥
灰に、野積み状態のホタテなどの貝殻を成分調整材とし
て、また粉コークスを還元剤として混ぜて電気炉へ投入
する。電気炉内では、鉄、銅などの金属類は還元されてメ
タルとなり、スラグとの比重差（鉄７．９、スラグ２．
８程度）により炉底部に溜まる。As shown in FIG. 1, first, coarse materials, iron scraps, and the like are sieved from the incinerated ash, and after magnetic separation, dried. The dried ash is mixed with shells such as scallops in a piled state as a component adjusting material and coke breeze as a reducing agent, and then charged into an electric furnace. In the electric furnace, metals such as iron and copper are reduced to metal, and the specific gravity difference with slag (iron 7.9, slag 2.
8) and accumulates at the bottom of the furnace.
【００２９】焼却灰中の主成分ＳｉＯ2，Ａｌ2Ｏ3，Ｃ
ａＯ，ＭｇＯ等とホタテ等の貝殻の主成分炭酸カルシウ
ムＣａＣＯ3（炭酸カルシウムは、炉内温度によりＣａ
ＣＯ3→ＣａＯ＋ＣＯ2となる。）は、炉の中段よりスラ
グとして炉から出滓され、図２には図示しない型に鋳込
まれ結晶化・岩石化される。この時、ホタテ等の貝殻の混
入割合によりスラグ中の塩基度[（ＣａＯ＋ＭｇＯ）／
ＳｉＯ2]が決定される。この塩基度と鋳型中のスラグの
冷却速度により、結晶化・岩石化の難易が決まってく
る。また、ホタテ等の貝殻の混入割合はスラグの流動性に
も影響を与え、ＣａＯ分が、多すぎても少なすぎても流
動性が落ちる傾向にある。前述のように、貝殻はフレー
ク状に砕いたものとし、乾燥焼却灰に対する混合割合
を、５〜２０重量％とするのが好ましい。また、前述の
ように、スラグ中には、ミルスケールを添加し、その添
加量は、前記乾燥焼却灰と貝殻との合計重量部を１００
とした場合に、２〜７重量部とするのが好ましい。Main components SiO 2 , Al 2 O 3 , C in incinerated ash
aO, MgO, etc. and calcium carbonate CaCO 3 (the main component of the shell such as scallops)
CO 3 → CaO + CO 2 . ) Is discharged from the furnace as slag from the middle stage of the furnace, cast into a mold not shown in FIG. 2, and crystallized and petrified. At this time, the basicity in the slag [(CaO + MgO) /
SiO 2 ] is determined. The difficulty of crystallization and petrification is determined by the basicity and the cooling rate of the slag in the mold. Further, the mixing ratio of shells such as scallops also affects the fluidity of the slag, and the fluidity tends to decrease if the CaO content is too large or too small. As described above, the shell is preferably crushed into flakes, and the mixing ratio with respect to the dry incineration ash is preferably 5 to 20% by weight. Further, as described above, mill scale is added to the slag, and the amount of addition is 100 parts by weight of the total weight of the dry incinerated ash and the shell.
In this case, the content is preferably 2 to 7 parts by weight.
【００３０】一方、低沸点化合物は気化し、排ガスと共に
炉外に排出される。図１に示すように、炉排ガスは、ダ
イオキシン類の分解と一酸化炭素低減化のための二次燃
焼塔から減温塔経由で、バグフィルター、活性炭吸着塔を
経由して大気放出される。また、乾燥系排ガスもバグフ
ィルター、活性炭吸着塔を経て大気放出される。On the other hand, the low boiling compounds are vaporized and discharged out of the furnace together with the exhaust gas. As shown in FIG. 1, the furnace exhaust gas is discharged from the secondary combustion tower for decomposing dioxins and reducing carbon monoxide, via a cooling tower, a bag filter, and an activated carbon adsorption tower to the atmosphere. Further, the drying system exhaust gas is also released to the atmosphere via a bag filter and an activated carbon adsorption tower.
【００３１】次に、この発明に係る焼却灰溶融固化処理
装置について、図２に基づき以下に述べる。Next, an incineration ash melting and solidifying apparatus according to the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG.
【００３２】乾燥灰、ホタテ貝殻、コークスはそれぞれ
の貯留槽から定量切り出されて、炉上リフトコンベアに
て混合され、炉投入原料として２つある炉上ビン１に蓄
えられる。原料は、炉側面よりプッシャー２により炉内
に装入される。炉内に投入された焼却灰は電気抵抗が大
きく電流は流れにくい。しかし、一旦灰が溶け始める
と、次第に電気抵抗が小さくなり、大電流を通電するこ
とが可能となる。主電極３と炉底電極４との間に電流を
流すと、炉底全体が広い範囲にわたり円盤状の電極（陽
極）となり、ここから電流は放射線上に上部主電極とし
ての一本電極（陰極）に集中し、溶融スラグ内でジュー
ル熱を発生し、スラグ全体が発熱体となり、この上に投
入された灰（成分調整材と還元剤が配合されたもの）
は、順次スラグ中で発生した熱により溶融する。Dry ash, scallop shells and coke are cut out from the respective storage tanks, mixed in a furnace lift conveyor, and stored in two furnace bins 1 as furnace input materials. The raw material is charged into the furnace from the furnace side by the pusher 2. The incinerated ash introduced into the furnace has a large electric resistance and current does not easily flow. However, once the ash begins to melt, the electrical resistance gradually decreases and a large current can be passed. When a current is applied between the main electrode 3 and the furnace bottom electrode 4, the entire furnace bottom becomes a disk-shaped electrode (anode) over a wide range, and the current is applied to the radiation to form a single electrode (cathode) as an upper main electrode. ), And generates Joule heat in the molten slag, the entire slag becomes a heating element, and ash (a mixture of component adjusting material and reducing agent) put on this
Are sequentially melted by the heat generated in the slag.
【００３３】溶融スラグ５の炉内表層部において、還元
剤と金属化合物の反応により泡立ちスラグ（Foaming Sl
ag）が形成される。焼却灰中の金属類は、酸化物、塩化
物、硫化物等の形で混入しているが、溶融スラグ表層に
存在するフォーミングスラグ中で、強い還元作用を受け
て還元され、溶融スラグ層中を沈下し、炉底部に溶融メ
タル６を形成する。一方、溶融飛灰中のNa、K、Pb、Z
n、Cd等の低沸点化合物は温度上昇とともに気化し、排
ガス７とともに炉外に排出され集塵機により回収され
る。At the surface of the molten slag 5 in the furnace, foaming slag (Foaming Slug) is formed by the reaction between the reducing agent and the metal compound.
ag) is formed. The metals in the incineration ash are mixed in the form of oxides, chlorides, sulfides, etc., but are reduced by the strong reducing action in the forming slag existing on the surface layer of the molten slag, Is settled to form a molten metal 6 at the furnace bottom. On the other hand, Na, K, Pb, Z in molten fly ash
Low-boiling compounds such as n and Cd are vaporized as the temperature rises, discharged out of the furnace together with the exhaust gas 7, and collected by a dust collector.
【００３４】このようにして生成された溶融スラグ５は
重金属元素類等の含有量が極めて少ない純粋なスラグと
なる。この溶融スラグ５は前炉８から出滓され、所定量
のミルスケールを添加した上で、図示しない鋳型に導入
し、冷却固化して所定の形状・寸法の溶融固化物を形成
する。海中設置資材としては、取り扱い易さと流れ防止
を考慮し、例えば一辺が４５〜７０ｃｍの立方体で、重
さは約２５０ｋｇ〜１ｔが望ましい。なお、前炉８は、
必要に応じて加熱電極を備え、スラグをスムーズに出滓
できるようにする。The molten slag 5 thus produced is a pure slag having a very low content of heavy metal elements and the like. The molten slag 5 is discharged from the forehearth 8, added with a predetermined amount of mill scale, introduced into a mold (not shown), and solidified by cooling to form a molten solid having a predetermined shape and dimensions. Considering ease of handling and prevention of flow, the undersea installation material is preferably a cube having a side of 45 to 70 cm and weighing about 250 kg to 1 t. The forehearth 8 is
A heating electrode is provided as necessary so that the slag can be discharged smoothly.
【００３５】前記電気炉の特長をまとめると以下のとお
りである。即ち、重金属・有害不純物を除去して、ク
リーンスラグの生成ができる、他の電気方式に比較し
て高い電気加熱効率が得られる、一本電極の採用によ
り構造がシンプルで電極原単位も低い、還元溶融によ
り耐火物の長寿命化が図れる等である。The features of the electric furnace are summarized as follows. In other words, heavy metals and harmful impurities can be removed, clean slag can be generated, higher electric heating efficiency can be obtained compared to other electric systems, the structure is simple and the electrode unit consumption is low by adopting a single electrode, The life of the refractory can be extended by the reduction melting.
【００３６】次に、使用した溶融原料としての焼却灰、
ホタテ貝殻、コークス、ミルスケール等の成分分析結果
および溶融固化処理に関わる各種実験結果ならびに溶融
固化物の利用実験結果などの一例について、以下に述べ
る。Next, incinerated ash as a used molten raw material,
Examples of the results of component analysis of scallop shells, coke, mill scale, etc., the results of various experiments related to the melt-solidification treatment, and the results of experiments using the melt-solidified product are described below.
【００３７】（溶融原料の成分分析結果の一例につい
て）図３は、焼却灰、ホタテ貝殻、コークス、ミルスケ
ール等の成分分析結果を示す。分析項目としては、環境
庁告示第１４号による溶出試験に関する元素１３種、含
有率が高いと考えられる元素１１種と含水率を測定し
た。各分析項目に対する分析方法については、図３の右
欄に示す。FIG. 3 shows the results of component analysis of incinerated ash, scallop shells, coke, mill scale, and the like. As the analysis items, 13 kinds of elements related to the dissolution test according to the Environment Agency Notification No. 14, 11 kinds of elements considered to have a high content, and water content were measured. The analysis method for each analysis item is shown in the right column of FIG.
【００３８】焼却灰は、含水率が約２１％で、Ｓｉ
Ｏ2，Ｔ−Ｆｅ，Ａｌ2Ｏ3，ＣａＯ，ＭｇＯ，Ｎａ2Ｏ等
を主成分とする。上記Ｔ−Ｆｅとはトータル鉄を示し、
ミルスケールのＴ−Ｆｅに関しては、Ｔ−Ｆｅ中のＦｅ
Ｏのみの値をその下段に示した。ミルスケールにおいて
は、Ｔ−Ｆｅ中、約９０％がＦｅＯであることが分か
る。The incinerated ash has a water content of about 21%,
O 2 , T-Fe, Al 2 O 3 , CaO, MgO, Na 2 O, etc. are the main components. The T-Fe indicates total iron,
As for the mill scale T-Fe, Fe in the T-Fe
The value of only O is shown in the lower row. On the mill scale, it can be seen that about 90% of T-Fe is FeO.
【００３９】ホタテ貝殻におけるＣａＯは、ＣａＣＯ3
として測定した場合には、９２．９８％と換算される。
また、ホタテ貝殻におけるＣの値は、ＣａＣＯ3におけ
るＣの値を示している。還元剤としてのコークスはＣが
主成分であり、還元剤としては、周知のように、コーク
スの代わりに黒鉛など他の炭素系還元剤を用いることが
できる。CaO in the scallop shell is CaCO 3
Is measured, it is converted to 92.98%.
The value of C in the scallop shell indicates the value of C in CaCO 3 . C is a main component of the coke as a reducing agent, and as a well-known reducing agent, other carbon-based reducing agents such as graphite can be used in place of coke.
【００４０】（溶融固化処理実験結果について）ホタテ
貝殻を約１０重量％混入した都市ごみ乾燥焼却灰を電気
炉で溶融し、鋳型して、幅４５ｃｍ，長さ４５ｃｍ，高
さ４０ｃｍの海中設置資材用ブロックを製作した。ブロ
ックの重さは約２３０ｋｇであった。このサイズは、比
較的海流の影響が小さい静かな海域の水中に設置する最
小ブロックサイズである。海流の影響が大きい外洋に設
置する場合には、１t級の大型サイズが必要であり、さ
らに海流に流されないように堰を設けることが望まし
い。(Experimental results of melting and solidification treatment) Municipal solid waste incineration ash containing about 10% by weight of scallop shells was melted in an electric furnace, cast, and cast into a 45 cm wide, 45 cm long, 40 cm high undersea installation material. Block was made. The block weighed about 230 kg. This size is the minimum block size to be installed underwater in quiet waters where the influence of currents is relatively small. When installed in the open sea where the influence of the ocean current is large, a large size of 1t class is required, and it is desirable to provide a weir to prevent the ocean current from flowing.
【００４１】また、Ｆｅイオン供給体として、圧延工程
で発生する鉄酸化物の粉であるミルスケールを使用し、
その添加率は、（都市ごみ焼却灰＋ホタテ貝殻）１００
部とした場合の重量部数において、０部，２部，５部，
７部のものをそれぞれ３０，７，７，７個製作して、海
中利用実験を含む各種の実験を行なった。Further, a mill scale, which is a powder of iron oxide generated in a rolling process, is used as an Fe ion supplier,
The addition rate is (municipal waste incineration ash + scallop shell) 100
Parts, 0 parts, 2 parts, 5 parts,
Seven, seven, seven and seven parts were manufactured, and various experiments including underwater utilization experiments were performed.
【００４２】さらに、上記実験前の予備的実験として、
ホタテ貝殻の混合割合を８〜１５重量％に変化させて、
溶融実験を行なった。その結果によれば、以下のことが
判明した。ホタテ貝殻の混合割合は、８〜１５重量％
の間では、溶融する上で特に大きな問題はなく、５〜２
０％程度が好適範囲であると考えられる。ホタテ貝殻
の混合割合が大きくても小さくても、スラグの流動性が
悪くなることが考えられるが、８〜１５重量％の間では
問題はない。ただし１５％混入時の方が流動性は低く、
２０％程度が限度と考えられる。耐火材を施行した直
径２０ｃｍ程度の鋳型にスラグを鋳込み、冷却速度を変
えて結晶化の進み具合を観察したところ、９００℃以上
の温度に保持されている時間が２時間以上あれば、結晶
化は充分に進むことが判明した。Further, as a preliminary experiment before the above experiment,
By changing the mixing ratio of the scallop shell to 8 to 15% by weight,
A melting experiment was performed. According to the results, the following was found. Mixing ratio of scallop shell is 8-15% by weight
There is no particular problem in melting between 5 and 2,
It is considered that about 0% is a preferable range. It is conceivable that the fluidity of the slag is deteriorated when the mixing ratio of the scallop shell is large or small, but there is no problem between 8 and 15% by weight. However, the fluidity is lower when 15% is mixed,
The limit is considered to be about 20%. The slag was cast into a mold with a diameter of about 20 cm in which a refractory material was applied, and the progress of crystallization was observed while changing the cooling rate. If the time maintained at a temperature of 900 ° C. or more was 2 hours or more, crystallization was performed. Turned out to be good enough.
【００４３】（溶融固化処理後のスラグとメタルの成分
分析結果について）図４に、スラグ（鉄イオン供与体と
してのミルスケール含有量０部，２部，５部，７部含
有）と、メタルの成分分析結果を示す。スラグは、Ｓｉ
Ｏ2，Ａｌ2Ｏ 3，ＣａＯ，ＭｇＯとＦｅの５つの成分
で、全体の約９０〜９５％を占めている。鉄はミルスケ
ールとして添加したもので、添加量が多いほど含有量も
多くなっている。また、メタルの主成分は鉄Ｆｅであ
り、ほかに銅Ｃｕ、リンＰを微量含んでいる。(Slag and metal components after melt-solidification treatment)
Fig. 4 shows slag (with iron ion donor)
0, 2, 5, and 7 parts of mill scale
Yes) and the results of metal component analysis. Slag is Si
OTwo, AlTwoO Three, CaO, MgO and Fe
Occupy about 90-95% of the whole. Iron is a mill scale
The higher the amount, the higher the content
More. The main component of the metal is iron Fe.
In addition, it contains trace amounts of copper Cu and phosphorus P.
【００４４】（溶融固化物の溶出試験結果について）図
５は、ミルスケール添加量（０，５，７部）の異なる人
工石について実施した溶出試験の結果を示す。溶出試験
の内容は環境庁告示第１４号による（海洋汚染および海
上災害の防止に関する法律施行令第５条第１項に規定す
る埋め立て場所などに排出しようとする廃棄物に含まれ
る金属等の検出方法）。FIG. 5 shows the results of a dissolution test performed on artificial stones having different mill scale addition amounts (0.5, 7 parts). The content of the dissolution test shall be in accordance with the Notification of the Environment Agency No. 14 (Detection of metals and the like contained in waste to be discharged to landfills specified in Article 5, Paragraph 1 of the Law for the Prevention of Marine Pollution and Maritime Disasters) Method).
【００４５】図５において、「規制値」は、前記環境庁
告示第１４号による。また、「不検出」は、定量下限以
下であることを示す。３つの試料の溶出試験について、
いずれも告示を十分満足する結果を示した。In FIG. 5, the "regulated value" is based on the Environment Agency Notification No. 14. Further, “not detected” indicates that the value is below the lower limit of quantification. About the dissolution test of three samples,
All showed satisfactory results.
【００４６】（溶融固化物の強度試験・結晶組織調査結
果について）製作した海洋資材用ブロックからサンプル
を切出して、圧縮強度試験を実施した。一般にコンクリ
ートや石材の場合、曲げ強度は圧縮強度の１／５〜１／
７、引っ張り強度は１／１０〜１／１３であり、圧縮強
度の値から推算が可能であるため、圧縮強度試験のみ行
った。(Results of Strength Test and Crystal Structure Investigation of Fused Solidified Material) A sample was cut out from the manufactured marine material block and subjected to a compressive strength test. In general, in the case of concrete and stone, the bending strength is 1/5 to 1/1 of the compressive strength.
7. Since the tensile strength is 1/10 to 1/13 and can be estimated from the value of the compressive strength, only the compressive strength test was performed.
【００４７】結果を図６に示す。通常、魚床（または漁
礁）として利用されているコンクリートブロック、例え
ばテトラポッド（株式会社テトラの商品名）等の圧縮強
度は２０Ｎ/ｍｍ2程度である。また、我が国で最も利用
されている安山岩の圧縮強度は５０〜２３０Ｎ/ｍｍ2で
ある。今回製作した人工岩石の強度は８０Ｎ/ｍｍ2以上
であり、コンクリートブロックに比較して約２〜４倍、
天然石に比較して１／３〜１．５倍の強度であった。こ
のことから、天然の石材に比べるとやや低い強度である
が、コンクリートに比べると高く、建設資材としての利
用は可能であると判断される。FIG. 6 shows the results. Usually, the compressive strength of a concrete block used as a fish bed (or fishing reef), for example, a tetrapod (trade name of Tetra Inc.) is about 20 N / mm 2 . The compressive strength of andesite, which is most widely used in Japan, is 50 to 230 N / mm 2 . The strength of the artificial rock manufactured this time is 80 N / mm 2 or more, about 2 to 4 times as compared with concrete block,
The strength was 1/3 to 1.5 times that of natural stone. From this, it is considered that the strength is slightly lower than that of natural stone, but higher than that of concrete, and that it can be used as construction material.
【００４８】また、結晶の組織検査の結果、ミルスケー
ルの多少にかかわらず、結晶の主要な形態はゲーレナイ
トとなっていることが判明した。As a result of examination of the structure of the crystal, it was found that the main form of the crystal was gohrenite regardless of the degree of the mill scale.
【００４９】（溶融固化物の海洋設置試験結果につい
て）海中への設置場所は、青森県東津軽郡今別町と八戸
市蕪島付近の２ヶ所とし、その前に、予備試験を階上町
追腰漁港で行なった。今別町は黒潮（暖流）系の対馬海
流が流れる海域であり、また蕪島付近は親潮（寒流）系
の千島海流が流れている地域にあたる。親潮は、その名
が示すとおり栄養分に富み、魚類をはじめとする生物資
源を養い育てる潮であると言われている。(Regarding the results of the marine installation test of the molten and solidified product) There were two installation locations in the sea, near Imabetsu-cho, Higashi-Tsugaru-gun, Aomori Prefecture and near Kabushima, Hachinohe-shi. Conducted at a fishing port. Imabetsu is an area where the Kuroshio (warm current) Tsushima Current flows, and the area near Kabushima is where the Oyashio (cold current) Kuril Current flows. Oyashio is, as the name implies, rich in nutrients and is said to be a tide that nurtures and nurtures biological resources such as fish.
【００５０】海洋試験の評価方法は、比較対象のために
同じ大きさのコンクリートブロックを製作し、人工岩石
と同じ海域に設置して海藻類の繁茂状況を比較・検討す
ることで行った。海藻類の繁茂状況調査は、１〜２ヵ月
に一度程度ダイバーが海中に潜り、目視判断および写
真、ビデオ等による単位面積あたりの海藻類の量（数）
の測定と種類の調査により行った。結果は以下のとおり
である。The marine test was evaluated by producing concrete blocks of the same size for comparison and installing them in the same sea area as artificial rocks to compare and examine the growth of seaweeds. In the survey of seaweed overgrowth, divers dive into the sea about once every 1 to 2 months, and the amount (number) of seaweeds per unit area by visual judgment, photos, videos, etc.
The survey was conducted by measuring and measuring the type. The results are as follows.
【００５１】階上町追腰漁港地区（予備試験）：予備
溶融試験時に製作したホタテ８％（ミルスケール０％）
の小型ブロックを設置した。設置後約２ヶ月経過した結
果、目視にてアオサ系の海藻が繁茂していることが確認
された。今回製作した人工岩石には、比較的短い期間で
あっても海藻類が着床する可能性が高いことが判った。
さらに、設置後約５ヶ月経過した後、再度状況確認を行
った。その結果、コンブ、ワカメ類をはじめとして、い
ろいろな海藻類が生育している状況が認められた。Hoshikami Ookishi fishing port area (preliminary test): 8% scallops produced at the time of preliminary melting test (0% mill scale)
Small blocks were installed. As a result of approximately two months after the installation, it was confirmed visually that seaweeds of the Ulva system were prosperous. It was found that the artificial rock produced this time has a high possibility that seaweeds will settle even in a relatively short period of time.
Furthermore, after about 5 months had passed since the installation, the situation was checked again. As a result, it was observed that various seaweeds including kelp and seaweed were growing.
【００５２】八戸漁港鮫地区（蕪島付近）：鮫地区に
は、ミルスケール配合量０，２，５，７部のブロック各
２ヶずつと、比較検討用のコンクリートブロック１ヶ、
計９ヶを設置した。設置場所の水深は３ｍ程度であり、
岸壁から約５ｍ離れた地点とした。約１ヶ月経過後状況
確認を行ったところ、アオサ系の海藻類が、ブロック上
面では３〜５ｃｍ程度、側面では２〜３ｃｍ生育してい
た。また、側面には茶色のコケ状の付着物も認められ
た。さらに１ヶ所ではあるが、アカバギンナンソウと思
われる海藻（５〜６ｃｍ）も生育していた。ミルスケー
ルの含有量による海藻類の生育状況には明らかな差は認
められなかったが、コンクリートブロックヘの海藻類の
着床はほとんど認められなかった。これにより、初期的
には人工岩石はコンクリートブロックよりも海藻類が生
育しやすいことが判明した。Hachinohe fishing port shark area (near Kabushima): In the shark area, there are two blocks each of 0, 2, 5, and 7 parts of mill scale, and one concrete block for comparative study.
A total of nine were installed. The water depth of the installation location is about 3m,
The point was about 5m away from the quay. After confirming the situation after about one month, the seaweed of Aosa type grew about 3-5 cm on the upper surface of the block and 2-3 cm on the side surface. Brown moss-like deposits were also found on the sides. In addition, seaweeds (5 to 6 cm), which are considered to be red alga, were also growing in one place. Although there was no apparent difference in the growth status of seaweeds depending on the content of the mill scale, implantation of seaweeds on the concrete block was hardly observed. Thus, it was initially found that seaweeds grow more easily on artificial rocks than on concrete blocks.
【００５３】今別漁港今別地区（東防波堤付近）：今
別地区には、ミルスケール配合量０，２，５，７部のブ
ロック各１ヶずつと、比較検討用のコンクリートブロッ
ク１ヶ、計５ヶを設置した。設置場所の水深は３ｍ程度
であり、岸壁から約２ｍ離れた地点とした。約２週間経
過後に状況確認を行ったが、設置後時間が短いため、ま
だ海藻類が生育している状況は認められなかった。約１
ヶ月経過後状況確認を行ったところ、前記と同様に海
藻類の生育が確認された。Imabetsu fishing port Imabetsu area (near the east breakwater): In the Imabetsu area, one block of each of the 0, 2, 5, and 7 parts of mill scale content, one concrete block for comparison and A total of five were installed. The water depth of the installation site was about 3 m, and it was a point about 2 m away from the quay. The situation was checked after about 2 weeks, but no situation was observed in which seaweeds were still growing due to the short time after installation. About 1
When the situation was checked after a lapse of months, the growth of seaweed was confirmed in the same manner as described above.
【００５４】上記のように、前記焼却灰溶融固化物は、
前述のように結晶形態がゲーレナイトであって岩石とし
ての強度が大きいので、海中の砂や水の動きによって摩
耗され難く、かつ前記藻類の生育状況からみて、藻床ま
たは魚床のような海中設置資材としてコンクリートブロ
ックよりも優れていることが判明した。As described above, the incinerated ash melt-solidified product is:
As described above, since the crystal form is gohrenite and the strength as a rock is large, it is hard to be worn by the movement of sand and water in the sea, and in view of the growth state of the algae, it is installed in the sea such as an algae bed or a fish bed. It turned out to be superior to concrete blocks as a material.
【００５５】[0055]
【発明の効果】上記のとおり、この発明の焼却灰の溶融
固化物は、乾燥焼却灰にホタテ，カキ等の貝殻からなる
成分調整材および還元剤を混合して電気炉で溶融処理
し、ＳｉＯ2，Ａｌ2Ｏ3，ＣａＯ，ＭｇＯ等を主成分と
する溶融スラグを出滓させ、この出滓した溶融スラグを
鋳型に鋳込んで徐冷し結晶化することにより、所定の形
状・寸法に岩石化してなるものとし、さらに必要に応じ
て、鉄イオン供与体を含んでなるものとしたので、焼却
灰の減容化および無害化に当り、成分調整材としての副
資材コストを低減し、さらに溶融固化物の特に海中設置
資材としての有効利用を図ることができる。As described above, the melted solidified incinerated ash of the present invention is obtained by mixing a dry incinerated ash with a component adjusting material composed of shells such as scallops and oysters and a reducing agent, melting the mixture in an electric furnace, and subjecting the incinerated ash to melting treatment. 2 , a molten slag mainly composed of Al 2 O 3 , CaO, MgO, etc. is discharged, and the discharged molten slag is cast into a mold, gradually cooled, and crystallized to obtain a predetermined shape and dimensions. Since it was made into a rock, and further, if necessary, it was made to contain an iron ion donor, so as to reduce the volume and detoxify the incinerated ash, reduce the secondary material cost as a component adjusting material, Further, it is possible to effectively utilize the molten and solidified product, particularly as an undersea installation material.
【００５６】また、前記焼却灰溶融固化物を製造する装
置としては、乾燥焼却灰，貝殻からなる成分調整材およ
び還元剤を配合した混合物の供給手段と、直流電気抵抗
式還元溶融炉と、この溶融炉に設けてなり炉内で溶融処
理した溶融スラグ，溶融金属および溶融飛灰を個別に取
り出すための手段と、取り出した前記溶融スラグを導入
し所定の形状・寸法に鋳込む鋳型手段とを備えるものと
したので、溶融スラグへの重金属の混入が抑制され、海
中設置資材として好適な溶融固形物を得ることができ
る。The apparatus for producing the molten and solidified incinerated ash includes a means for supplying a mixture of a dry incinerated ash, a component adjusting material composed of shells and a reducing agent, a DC electric resistance type reduction melting furnace, A means provided in the melting furnace for separately taking out the molten slag, the molten metal and the molten fly ash melt-processed in the furnace; and a mold means for introducing the taken-out molten slag and casting it into a predetermined shape and size. Since it is provided, the incorporation of heavy metals into the molten slag is suppressed, and a molten solid material suitable as an undersea installation material can be obtained.
【図１】この発明の実施例に関わる焼却灰溶融固化処理
のフローを示す図FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a flow of an incineration ash melting and solidifying process according to an embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】この発明の実施例に関わる焼却灰溶融固化処理
装置の概略構成図FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram of an incineration ash melting and solidifying apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
【図３】この発明に関わる溶融原料の成分分析結果の一
例を示す図FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of a component analysis result of a molten raw material according to the present invention.
【図４】この発明の溶融固化処理後のスラグとメタルの
成分分析結果を示す図FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the results of component analysis of slag and metal after the melt-solidification treatment of the present invention.
【図５】この発明の溶融固化物の溶出試験結果を示す図FIG. 5 is a view showing the results of a dissolution test of a molten and solidified product of the present invention.
【図６】この発明の溶融固化物の強度試験結果を示す図FIG. 6 is a view showing a strength test result of a molten and solidified product of the present invention.
１：炉上ビン、２：プッシャー、３：主電極、４：炉底
電極、５：溶融スラグ、６：メタル、７：排ガス、８：
前炉。1: furnace top bin, 2: pusher, 3: main electrode, 4: bottom electrode, 5: molten slag, 6: metal, 7: exhaust gas, 8:
Forehearth.
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 梅本 真鶴 東京都港区港南四丁目１番８号 富士電エ ンジ株式会社内 (72)発明者 藤田 満 神奈川県川崎市川崎区田辺新田１番１号 富士電機株式会社内 (72)発明者 曽我 義貞 青森県八戸市大字河原木字遠山新田５−２ 大平洋金属株式会社内 Ｆターム(参考） 3K061 NB01 NB05 NB06 NB11 4D004 AA36 AA50 AB03 BA02 BA10 CA04 CA09 CA14 CA29 CA42 CA45 CB13 CB32 DA03 DA10 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Manazuru Umemoto 4-18 Konan, Minato-ku, Tokyo Within Fuji Electric Engine Co., Ltd. No. 1 Inside Fuji Electric Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Yoshisada Soga 5-2, Toyama Shinden, Okawa, Kawaragi, Aomori, Aomori Prefecture F term (reference) 3K061 NB01 NB05 NB06 NB11 4D004 AA36 AA50 AB03 BA02 BA10 CA04 CA09 CA14 CA29 CA42 CA45 CB13 CB32 DA03 DA10
Claims (11)
なる成分調整材および還元剤を混合して電気炉で溶融処
理し、ＳｉＯ2，Ａｌ2Ｏ3，ＣａＯ，ＭｇＯ等を主成分
とする溶融スラグを出滓させ、この出滓した溶融スラグ
を鋳型に鋳込んで徐冷し結晶化することにより、所定の
形状・寸法に岩石化してなることを特徴とする焼却灰溶
融固化物。A dry incinerated ash is mixed with a component adjusting material composed of shells such as scallops and oysters and a reducing agent, melted in an electric furnace, and mainly composed of SiO 2 , Al 2 O 3 , CaO, MgO or the like. A molten solidified incineration ash characterized in that the molten slag is cast into a mold, gradually cooled, and crystallized to form a rock into a predetermined shape and dimensions.
ン供与体を含んでなることを特徴とする焼却灰溶融固化
物。2. The incinerated ash melt-solidified material according to claim 1, wherein the molten solidified material comprises an iron ion donor.
混合して電気炉で溶融処理する工程と、ＳｉＯ2，Ａｌ2
Ｏ3，ＣａＯ，ＭｇＯ等を主成分とする溶融スラグを出
滓させる工程と、この出滓した溶融スラグを鋳型に鋳込
んで徐冷し結晶化する工程とを含む焼却灰溶融固化処理
方法において、 前記成分調整材として、ホタテ，カキ等の貝殻を用いる
ことを特徴とする焼却灰溶融固化処理方法。3. A step of melting processes in an electric furnace by mixing the components adjusting material and a reducing agent to a dry ash, SiO 2, Al 2
A method for melting and solidifying incineration ash comprising a step of removing molten slag mainly composed of O 3 , CaO, MgO or the like, and a step of casting the molten slag discharged into a mold, gradually cooling and crystallizing. A method of melting and solidifying incineration ash, wherein shells such as scallops and oysters are used as the component adjusting material.
記貝殻はフレーク状に砕いたものとし、前記乾燥焼却灰
に対する混合割合を、５〜２０重量％とすることを特徴
とする焼却灰溶融固化処理方法。4. The incineration ash melting method according to claim 3, wherein said shells are crushed into flakes, and a mixing ratio with respect to said dry incineration ash is 5 to 20% by weight. Solidification treatment method.
いて、前記溶融スラグに鉄イオン供与体を添加した後、
鋳込を行なうことを特徴とする焼却灰溶融固化処理方
法。5. The processing method according to claim 3 or 4, wherein after adding an iron ion donor to the molten slag,
A method for melting and solidifying incineration ash, which comprises casting.
記鉄イオン供与体は、鉄材の圧延時に発生する鉄酸化物
（ミルスケール）とすることを特徴とする焼却灰溶融固
化処理方法。6. The incineration ash melting and solidifying method according to claim 5, wherein the iron ion donor is iron oxide (mill scale) generated during rolling of an iron material.
記ミルスケールの添加量は、前記乾燥焼却灰と貝殻との
合計重量部を１００とした場合に、２〜７重量部とする
ことを特徴とする焼却灰溶融固化処理方法。7. The processing method according to claim 6, wherein the addition amount of the mill scale is 2 to 7 parts by weight when the total weight of the dry incinerated ash and the shell is 100. Characteristic incineration ash melting and solidification treatment method.
化物を、海中でコンブ，ワカメ等の海藻類の生育のため
の藻床部材、もしくは魚介類繁殖のための魚床部材とし
て利用することを特徴とする焼却灰溶融固化物の利用方
法。8. The molten and incinerated ash according to claim 1 or 2 is used as an algae bed member for growing seaweeds such as kelp and seaweed or a fish bed member for breeding seafood in the sea. A method of using a solidified incinerated ash, characterized in that:
化処理方法を実施するための装置であって、乾燥焼却
灰，貝殻からなる成分調整材および還元剤を配合した混
合物の供給手段と、直流電気抵抗式還元溶融炉と、この
溶融炉に設けてなり炉内で溶融処理した溶融スラグ，溶
融金属および溶融飛灰を個別に取り出すための手段と、
取り出した前記溶融スラグを導入し所定の形状・寸法に
鋳込む鋳型手段とを備えることを特徴とする焼却灰溶融
固化処理装置。9. An apparatus for carrying out the incineration ash melting and solidifying method according to claim 3 or 4, wherein a means for supplying a mixture containing a component adjusting material composed of dry incineration ash, shells and a reducing agent is provided. A DC electric resistance type reduction melting furnace, and means for individually removing molten slag, molten metal and molten fly ash which are provided in the melting furnace and which have been melt-processed in the furnace;
And a mold means for introducing the molten slag that has been taken out and casting it into a predetermined shape and size.
前記直流電気抵抗式還元溶融炉は、炉の上部に前記混合
物の導入口と主電極を設け、かつ炉底に炉底電極を設け
てなることを特徴とする焼却灰溶融固化処理装置。10. The processing apparatus according to claim 9, wherein
The incineration ash melting and solidifying apparatus is characterized in that the direct current resistance type reduction melting furnace is provided with an inlet for the mixture and a main electrode at an upper part of the furnace, and a furnace bottom electrode at a furnace bottom.
において、前記溶融スラグに鉄イオン供与体を添加する
手段を備えることを特徴とする焼却灰溶融固化処理装
置。11. The incineration ash melting and solidifying apparatus according to claim 9, further comprising means for adding an iron ion donor to the molten slag.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2006138509A (en) * | 2004-11-10 | 2006-06-01 | Taiheiyo Kinzoku Kk | Melting device of incinerated ash |
| JP2012153557A (en) * | 2011-01-25 | 2012-08-16 | Dowa Eco-System Co Ltd | Artificial aggregate and method of manufacturing the same |
| CN113000555A (en) * | 2021-02-23 | 2021-06-22 | 中节能（汕头）再生资源技术有限公司 | Fire treatment method for hazardous waste incineration ash |
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| JPH03275568A (en) * | 1990-03-27 | 1991-12-06 | Osaka City | Production of solidified block of molten ash |
| JPH04326975A (en) * | 1991-04-26 | 1992-11-16 | Kawasaki Heavy Ind Ltd | Production of slag due to melting of waste |
| JPH0571723A (en) * | 1991-09-13 | 1993-03-23 | Daido Steel Co Ltd | Melting treatment of disposal of city refuse incineration ash |
| JPH10167783A (en) * | 1996-12-11 | 1998-06-23 | Rasa Shoji Kk | Production of artificial aggregate for concrete from incinerated ash and apparatus for production |
| JPH1121155A (en) * | 1997-06-30 | 1999-01-26 | Shin Meiwa Ind Co Ltd | Production of artificial aggregate |
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| JPH02261588A (en) * | 1989-03-31 | 1990-10-24 | Katsumi Takao | Method for utilizing waste |
| JPH03275568A (en) * | 1990-03-27 | 1991-12-06 | Osaka City | Production of solidified block of molten ash |
| JPH04326975A (en) * | 1991-04-26 | 1992-11-16 | Kawasaki Heavy Ind Ltd | Production of slag due to melting of waste |
| JPH0571723A (en) * | 1991-09-13 | 1993-03-23 | Daido Steel Co Ltd | Melting treatment of disposal of city refuse incineration ash |
| JPH10167783A (en) * | 1996-12-11 | 1998-06-23 | Rasa Shoji Kk | Production of artificial aggregate for concrete from incinerated ash and apparatus for production |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2006138509A (en) * | 2004-11-10 | 2006-06-01 | Taiheiyo Kinzoku Kk | Melting device of incinerated ash |
| JP2012153557A (en) * | 2011-01-25 | 2012-08-16 | Dowa Eco-System Co Ltd | Artificial aggregate and method of manufacturing the same |
| CN113000555A (en) * | 2021-02-23 | 2021-06-22 | 中节能（汕头）再生资源技术有限公司 | Fire treatment method for hazardous waste incineration ash |
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|---|---|
| JP4514363B2 (en) | 2010-07-28 |
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