CN112999690B - Extraction sub-component for extracting traditional Chinese medicine by adopting ethanol organic solvent - Google Patents

Extraction sub-component for extracting traditional Chinese medicine by adopting ethanol organic solvent Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112999690B
CN112999690B CN202110329022.2A CN202110329022A CN112999690B CN 112999690 B CN112999690 B CN 112999690B CN 202110329022 A CN202110329022 A CN 202110329022A CN 112999690 B CN112999690 B CN 112999690B
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extraction
cylinder
collecting
heating
solvent
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CN112999690A (en
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请求不公布姓名
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Bozhou Aiyueya Biotechnology Co ltd
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Bozhou Aiyueya Biotechnology Co ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D11/00—Solvent extraction
    • B01D11/02—Solvent extraction of solids
    • B01D11/028—Flow sheets
    • B01D11/0284—Multistage extraction
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D11/00—Solvent extraction
    • B01D11/02—Solvent extraction of solids
    • B01D11/0288—Applications, solvents
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D11/00—Solvent extraction
    • B01D11/02—Solvent extraction of solids
    • B01D11/0292—Treatment of the solvent
    • B01D11/0296—Condensation of solvent vapours

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  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Extraction Or Liquid Replacement (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses an extraction sub-element for extracting a traditional Chinese medicine by adopting an ethanol organic solvent, which comprises a frame body, wherein a feeding device and an extraction device are arranged on the frame body, the feeding device is used for conveying the traditional Chinese medicine into the extraction device, the extraction device is used for carrying out multi-stage extraction on active ingredients in the traditional Chinese medicine, the frame body comprises a base, a lower support and an upper support, the feeding device comprises an extraction cylinder and a power transmission mechanism, the extraction cylinder is used for receiving the traditional Chinese medicine to be extracted, the power transmission mechanism is used for providing a rotating force for the extraction cylinder to rotate around the circumferential direction of the upper support, the extraction device comprises a sealing cover and a heating and collecting mechanism, and the heating and collecting mechanism is used for heating the traditional Chinese medicine solvent in the extraction cylinder and collecting an extraction liquid after the traditional Chinese medicine is extracted; the invention carries out repeated extraction on the traditional Chinese medicine for many times by heating and multi-stage extraction, accelerates the mutual dissolution rate of the effective ingredients of the traditional Chinese medicine and the ethanol solvent, gradually extracts the effective ingredients of the traditional Chinese medicine, and greatly improves the utilization rate of the traditional Chinese medicine.

Description

Extraction sub-component for extracting Chinese medicinal materials by using ethanol organic solvent
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of medicinal material processing, in particular to an extraction sub-component for extracting a Chinese medicinal material by adopting an ethanol organic solvent.
Background
The traditional Chinese medicine is a traditional Chinese medicine decoction piece preparation technology, which is one of the characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine and is an important link for ensuring the quality and the clinical curative effect of the traditional Chinese medicine decoction pieces, along with the development of science and technology and traditional Chinese medicine industry, the traditional Chinese medicine preparation technology is increasingly emphasized, the quality of the traditional Chinese medicine decoction pieces is increasingly concerned, however, due to various reasons, such as subjectivity of quality control of the traditional Chinese medicine calcined medicine, conceptualization of quality standards, non-uniform quality level evaluation and the like, the development of the traditional Chinese medicine preparation technology is seriously hindered, the existing Chinese pharmacopoeia, chinese medicine preparation standards and local preparation standards of provinces, municipalities and direct cities in the domestic traditional Chinese medicine preparation quality standards mainly describe sensory experience and qualitative aspects, objective indexes are few, scientific and stable methods are not provided to indicate that the quality of the decoction pieces is inferior or the control and the quality of the production process is not monitored in China, the requirements of quality control of the decoction pieces can not be met, the traditional Chinese medicine preparation quality can not be adapted to the inspection, and the effective quality control of the preparation is not brought to the inspection of the traditional Chinese medicine decoction pieces.
At present, a solvent extraction method is mostly adopted for extracting the traditional Chinese medicine, an ethanol organic solvent is generally adopted for extracting the traditional Chinese medicine by the solvent extraction method, and during the extraction process of the traditional Chinese medicine, because the mutual dissolution rate of the effective components of the traditional Chinese medicine and the ethanol is low, the effective cost in the traditional Chinese medicine cannot be completely extracted by single extraction, so that the utilization rate of the traditional Chinese medicine is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects of the prior art, the invention repeatedly extracts the traditional Chinese medicine for many times by heating and multi-stage extraction, accelerates the mutual dissolution rate of the effective ingredients of the traditional Chinese medicine and the ethanol solvent, gradually extracts the effective ingredients from the traditional Chinese medicine, and greatly improves the utilization rate of the traditional Chinese medicine.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
an extraction sub-part for extracting the traditional Chinese medicine by adopting an ethanol organic solvent comprises a frame body, wherein a feeding device and an extraction device are arranged on the frame body, the feeding device is used for conveying the traditional Chinese medicine into the extraction device, and the extraction device is used for carrying out multistage extraction on active ingredients in the traditional Chinese medicine;
the rack body comprises a base, a lower bracket and an upper bracket, wherein the base, the lower bracket and the upper bracket are all circular disk body structures with axes arranged vertically, the base is fixedly connected with the lower bracket through a support rod, the lower bracket is fixedly connected with the upper bracket through a connecting rod, and the support rod and the connecting rod are provided with a plurality of parts and are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the base;
the feeding device comprises an extraction cylinder and a power transmission mechanism, wherein the extraction cylinder is used for receiving the traditional Chinese medicine to be extracted, and the power transmission mechanism is used for providing rotating force for the extraction cylinder to rotate around the circumferential direction of the lower bracket.
As a further development and optimization of the invention,
the power transmission mechanism comprises a feeding motor, a transmission shaft and a rotating bracket, and the feeding motor is vertically and fixedly arranged at the bottom of the lower bracket;
the conveying shaft is coaxially arranged between the lower support and the upper support and rotates around the axis of the conveying shaft, the bottom end of the conveying shaft penetrates through the lower support and is positioned below the lower support, a first transmission mechanism is arranged between the bottom end of the conveying shaft and the output end of the feeding motor and transmits power through the first transmission mechanism, and the first transmission mechanism is a belt transmission mechanism;
the rotating bracket is arranged between the lower bracket and the upper bracket and is sleeved outside the transmission shaft;
the transmission shaft and the rotating support are provided with a linkage piece between each other, the rotating support is installed outside the transmission shaft through the linkage piece, when the rotating support displaces along the axial direction of the transmission shaft, the transmission shaft continuously outputs power to the rotating support, and the linkage piece comprises an external spline arranged on the transmission shaft and an internal spline arranged on the rotating support.
As further improvement and optimization of the invention, the extraction cylinder is a cylindrical shell structure with openings at two ends, and is fixedly arranged on the rotating bracket and synchronously moves with the rotating bracket;
the bottom end face of the upper support is provided with a first annular guide rail, and the upper opening end of the extraction cylinder is positioned in the first annular guide rail;
the top end face of the lower support is provided with a second annular guide rail, and the lower opening end of the extraction cylinder is positioned in the second annular guide rail;
the first annular guide rail and the second annular guide rail are coaxially arranged and form sealed sliding guide fit around the circumferential direction of the lower support with the extraction cylinders, and five extraction cylinders are arranged and evenly arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the lower support.
As a further improvement and optimization of the invention, the first annular guide rail is internally provided with a feed hole, a solvent feed hole and a deslagging hole which penetrate through the thickness of the upper bracket, the three solvent feed holes are divided into a solvent feed hole A, a solvent feed hole B and a solvent feed hole C, and the feed hole, the solvent feed hole A, the solvent feed hole B, the solvent feed hole C and the deslagging hole are sequentially and uniformly arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the upper bracket;
the second annular guide rail is provided with three collecting holes A, B and C, the collecting holes A are coaxially arranged with the solvent liquid inlet hole A, the collecting holes B are coaxially arranged with the solvent liquid inlet hole B, the collecting holes C are coaxially arranged with the solvent liquid inlet hole C, and slag discharging holes are coaxially arranged with the slag removing holes;
the feeding frame comprises vertically arranged feeding hoppers, a feeding hopper is coaxially arranged at the bottom ends of the feeding hoppers, the bottom ends of the feeding hoppers are fixedly arranged on the upper end face of the upper support, and the feeding hoppers are communicated with the feeding holes.
As a further improvement and optimization of the invention, the extraction device comprises a sealing cover and a heating and collecting mechanism, wherein the heating and collecting mechanism is used for heating the traditional Chinese medicine solvent in the extraction cylinder and collecting the extraction liquid after the traditional Chinese medicine is extracted;
the sealing cover is of a conical shell structure, the horizontal cross-sectional area of the sealing cover is gradually reduced from bottom to top, and the bottom end of the sealing cover is fixedly arranged on the upper support;
the conical surface of the sealing cover is provided with three connectors communicated with the inner cavity of the sealing cover, the sealing covers are respectively communicated with the solvent liquid inlet hole A, the solvent liquid inlet hole B and the solvent liquid inlet hole C in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and the connectors arranged on the three sealing covers are communicated through the solvent liquid inlet pipe;
the solvent control valve is arranged between the solvent liquid inlet pipe and the connector of the sealing cover and used for controlling the connection or disconnection of the solvent liquid inlet pipe and the connector of the sealing cover.
The heating and collecting mechanism is arranged between the base and the lower bracket, is provided with two states which are respectively a heating state for heating a solvent in the extraction cylinder and a collecting state for collecting an extraction liquid in the extraction cylinder, and is an initial state of the heating and collecting mechanism;
and a filter screen is arranged in the collecting hole and used for separating the extraction liquid in the extraction cylinder from the extracted medicine dregs.
As a further improvement and optimization of the invention, a heating piston for heating the solvent in the extraction cylinder is arranged in the collection cylinder, and the heating piston and the extraction cylinder form a vertical sealed sliding guide fit, a heating element is arranged in the heating piston, when the heating piston moves to the upper port of the collection cylinder, the heating collection mechanism is in a heating state, and when the heating piston moves to the lower port of the collection cylinder, the heating collection mechanism is in a collection state;
the side wall of the collecting cylinder is provided with a liquid outlet nozzle communicated with the inner cavity of the collecting cylinder, and an extract liquid outlet valve for opening or closing the liquid outlet nozzle is arranged on the liquid outlet nozzle;
the minimum horizontal height of the liquid outlet nozzle of the collecting cylinder and the maximum horizontal height of the heating piston in a collecting state are positioned in the same horizontal plane.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1. the design of the invention adopts a heating reflux mode to extract the traditional Chinese medicine, thereby not only increasing the extraction efficiency of the traditional Chinese medicine, but also reducing the extraction cost of the traditional Chinese medicine by recycling the ethanol solvent for many times, and the invention also greatly improves the utilization rate of the traditional Chinese medicine by repeatedly extracting the traditional Chinese medicine for many times in a multi-stage extraction mode.
2. In order to reduce the influence on equipment caused by expansion with heat and contraction with cold of the extraction cylinder, the outer side of the connecting rod is sleeved with a buffer spring group.
3. In order to increase the heat dissipation area of the solvent steam and accelerate the liquefaction effect of the solvent steam, the solvent steam liquefaction area is provided with a spiral guide rail which is of a spiral structure, and the spiral guide rail is wound on the outer side pipe wall of the cooling pipe along the length direction of the cooling pipe.
4. In order to accelerate the reflux rate of the liquefied solvent, a booster pump is arranged between the liquid outlet of the reflux pipe and a reflux port arranged on the conical surface of the sealing cover.
5. In order to reduce the pressure fluctuation in the pump shell cavity caused by the air pressure of the extraction cylinder, a one-way valve is arranged between the liquid outlet hole of the pump shell and the backflow port arranged on the sealing cover.
6. In order to solve the problem of pipeline breakage caused by pressure increase in the return pipe, a pressure release valve is arranged between the pump shell and the return pipe.
Drawings
The description includes the following figures, the contents shown are respectively:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the feeding device of the present invention in cooperation with a frame body;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the frame body structure of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the connection rod of the present invention in cooperation with an upper bracket;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the feeding device of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the feeding device of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the hopper and hopper of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a view of the extraction apparatus of the present invention in combination with a frame;
FIG. 10 is a view of the extraction apparatus of the present invention in combination with a frame;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of an extraction apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of the heating and collecting mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view of the collection cylinder of the present invention;
FIG. 14 is a view of the seal cap of the present invention in combination with a solvent control valve;
FIG. 15 is a schematic view of the cooling return mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 16 is a view showing the combination of the steam collecting frame and the steam collecting pipe according to the present invention;
FIG. 17 is a schematic view of a cooling member according to the present invention;
FIG. 18 is a schematic view of a pressure relief valve according to the present invention;
FIG. 19 is a cross-sectional view of the canister of the present invention;
FIG. 20 is a schematic view of a pressure reducing valve according to the present invention;
FIG. 21 is a schematic view of a pressure reducing valve according to the present invention;
FIG. 22 is a schematic view of a pressure reducing valve according to the present invention;
FIG. 23 is a schematic view of a check valve configuration of the present invention;
FIG. 24 is a schematic view of the slag discharging device according to the present invention;
FIG. 25 is a schematic view of a slag discharge mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 26 is a schematic view of a slag discharge mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 27 is a schematic view of the slag discharge showerhead of the present invention;
FIG. 28 is a cross-sectional view of a residual discharge nozzle according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention will be given with reference to the accompanying drawings for a purpose of helping those skilled in the art to more fully, accurately and deeply understand the concept and technical solution of the present invention and to facilitate its implementation.
Referring to fig. 1-28, a hierarchical chinese medicine extraction apparatus comprises a frame body 10, a feeding device 20, an extraction device, and a residue discharge device 50 are disposed on the frame body 10, the feeding device 20 is used for conveying chinese medicine into the extraction device, the extraction device is used for performing multilevel extraction on active ingredients in the medicinal materials, and the residue discharge device 50 is used for removing extracted chinese medicine residues; the traditional Chinese medicine to be extracted is conveyed into the extraction device through the feeding device 20, the effective ingredients of the traditional Chinese medicine are extracted in the extraction device, the effective ingredients in the traditional Chinese medicine are collected, and the extracted traditional Chinese medicine residues are conveyed to the residue discharge device 50 continuously under the power transmission of the feeding device 20 and are removed and recovered through the residue discharge device 50.
The frame body 10 comprises a base 110, a lower support 120 and an upper support 130, wherein the base 110, the lower support 120 and the upper support 130 are all circular disc structures with axes arranged vertically, the base 110 is fixedly connected with the lower support 120 through a support rod 140, and the lower support 120 is fixedly connected with the upper support 130 through a connecting rod 150; specifically, the support rods 140 and the connecting rods 150 are provided with a plurality of rods and are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the base 110.
The feeding device 20 comprises an extraction cylinder 210 and a power transmission mechanism, wherein the extraction cylinder 210 is used for receiving the traditional Chinese medicine to be extracted, and the power transmission mechanism is used for providing a rotating force for the extraction cylinder 210 to rotate around the circumferential direction of the lower bracket 120.
The power transmission mechanism comprises a feeding motor 220, a transmission shaft 250 and a rotating bracket 240, wherein the feeding motor 220 is vertically and fixedly arranged at the bottom of the lower bracket 120.
The transmission shaft 250 is coaxially arranged between the lower bracket 120 and the upper bracket 130 and rotates around the axis of the transmission shaft, the bottom end of the transmission shaft 250 penetrates through the lower bracket 120 and is positioned below the lower bracket 120, a first transmission mechanism 230 is arranged between the bottom end of the transmission shaft 250 and the output end of the feeding motor 220, and the transmission shaft and the first transmission mechanism 230 transmit power; specifically, the first transmission mechanism 230 is a belt transmission mechanism.
The rotating bracket 240 is disposed between the lower bracket 120 and the upper bracket 130, and the rotating bracket 240 is sleeved outside the transmission shaft 250.
A coupling member is arranged between the transmission shaft 250 and the rotating bracket 240, the rotating bracket 240 is mounted outside the transmission shaft 250 through the coupling member, and when the rotating bracket 240 displaces along the axial direction of the transmission shaft 250, the transmission shaft 250 continuously outputs power to the rotating bracket 240, specifically, the coupling member includes an external spline arranged on the transmission shaft 250 and an internal spline arranged on the rotating bracket 240.
The extraction cylinder 210 is a cylindrical shell structure with two open ends, and the extraction cylinder 210 is fixedly mounted on the rotating bracket 240 and moves synchronously therewith.
The bottom end face of the upper bracket 130 is provided with a first annular guide rail, and the upper opening end of the extraction cylinder 210 is positioned in the first annular guide rail.
The top end surface of the lower bracket 120 is provided with a second annular guide rail, and the lower opening end of the extraction cylinder 210 is located in the second annular guide rail.
The first annular guide rail and the second annular guide rail are coaxially arranged and form sealed sliding guide fit around the circumferential direction of the lower bracket 120 with the extraction cylinder 210; specifically, the extraction cylinders 210 are provided with five and are uniformly spaced along the circumferential direction of the lower support 120.
More specifically, the first annular guide rail is provided with a feed hole 133 and a solvent feed hole 132 penetrating the thickness of the upper bracket 130 and a deslagging hole 131, the solvent feed hole 132 is provided with three solvent feed holes a, B and C, and the feed hole 133, the solvent feed hole a, the solvent feed hole B, the solvent feed hole C and the deslagging hole 131 are sequentially uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the upper bracket 130 at intervals
The second annular guide rail is provided with a collecting hole 122, the collecting hole 122 is provided with three collecting holes A which are respectively coaxially arranged with the solvent liquid inlet hole A, a collecting hole B which is coaxially arranged with the solvent liquid inlet hole B and a collecting hole C which is coaxially arranged with the solvent liquid inlet hole C, and the second annular guide rail is also internally provided with a slag discharging hole 121 which is coaxially arranged with the slag removing hole 131.
The feeding frame comprises a feeding hopper 260 which is vertically arranged, a feeding hopper 270 is coaxially arranged at the bottom end of the feeding hopper 260, the bottom end of the feeding hopper 270 is fixedly installed on the upper end face of the upper support 130, and the feeding hopper 270 is communicated with the feeding hole 133.
The working process of the feeding device 20 is embodied as follows: the feeding motor 220 starts to work, the first transmission mechanism 230 drives the transmission shaft 250 to rotate around the axis of the transmission shaft 250, the transmission shaft 250 drives the rotary bracket 240 to synchronously rotate through the linkage part, the extraction cylinder 210 mounted on the rotary bracket 240 can rotate around the circumferential direction of the upper bracket 130 along with the rotation of the rotary bracket 240, when the extraction cylinder 210 rotates to the position below the feed hole 133, the feeding motor 220 stops working, traditional Chinese medicine is put into the extraction cylinder 210 through the feed hopper 260 and the feed hopper 270 in sequence, when the traditional Chinese medicine in the extraction cylinder 210 reaches the preset position of the volume of the extraction cylinder 210, the feeding motor 220 continues to work, and the extraction cylinder 210 continues to be driven to rotate around the circumferential direction of the upper bracket 130.
The extraction device comprises a sealing cover 310, a heating collection mechanism 330 and a cooling reflux mechanism 350, wherein the heating collection mechanism 330 is used for heating the traditional Chinese medicine solvent in the extraction cylinder 210 and collecting the extraction liquid after the traditional Chinese medicine is extracted, and the cooling reflux mechanism 350 is used for cooling and recycling the vaporized solvent after heating.
The sealing cover 310 is a conical shell structure, the horizontal cross-sectional area of the sealing cover 310 decreases progressively from bottom to top, and the bottom end of the sealing cover 310 is fixedly mounted on the upper bracket 130.
The conical surface of the sealing cover 310 is provided with three connectors communicated with the inner cavity of the sealing cover, the sealing cover 310 is communicated with the solvent liquid inlet hole A, the solvent liquid inlet hole B and the solvent liquid inlet hole C in a one-to-one correspondence mode, and the connectors arranged on the three sealing covers 310 are communicated through the solvent liquid inlet pipe 40.
Still be provided with solvent control valve 340 between the connector of solvent feed liquor pipe 40 and sealed lid 310, solvent control valve 340 be used for controlling the switch-on or disconnection of solvent feed liquor pipe 40 and sealed lid 310 connector.
The heating and collecting mechanism 330 is disposed between the base 110 and the lower bracket 120, the heating and collecting mechanism 330 is provided with two states, namely a heating state for heating the solvent in the extraction cylinder 210 and a collecting state for collecting the extraction liquid in the extraction cylinder 210, the heating state is an initial state of the heating and collecting mechanism 330, the heating and collecting mechanism 330 comprises a collecting cylinder 331, the collecting cylinder 331 is a cylindrical shell structure with openings at the upper end and the lower end, the upper opening end of the collecting cylinder 331 is fixedly mounted on the bottom end face of the lower bracket 120 and is connected and communicated with the collecting hole 122, and the lower opening end is provided with a sealing plate 335.
A filter screen 320 is arranged in the collecting hole 122, and the filter screen 320 is used for separating the extraction liquid in the extraction cylinder 210 from the extracted medicine dregs.
A heating piston 334 for heating the solvent in the extraction cylinder 210 is arranged in the collection cylinder 331, and a vertical sealed sliding guide fit is formed between the heating piston 334 and the heating piston 334, a heating element is arranged in the heating piston 334, and the heating element is the existing electric heating technology, and detailed description is not repeated here; specifically, when the heating piston 334 moves to the upper port of the collection cylinder 331, the heating and collecting mechanism 330 is in a heating state, and when the heating piston 334 moves to the lower port of the collection cylinder 331, the heating and collecting mechanism 330 is in a collecting state.
More specifically, the side wall of the collecting cylinder 331 is provided with a liquid outlet nozzle communicated with the inner cavity of the collecting cylinder, and the liquid outlet nozzle is provided with an extract liquid outlet valve 333 for opening or closing the liquid outlet nozzle.
The minimum level of the liquid outlet of the collecting cylinder 331 and the maximum level of the heating piston 334 in the collecting state are located in the same horizontal plane.
The three collecting cylinders 331 are respectively a first collecting cylinder, a second collecting cylinder and a third collecting cylinder, the first collecting cylinder is located below the collecting hole A, the second collecting cylinder is located below the collecting hole B, and the third collecting cylinder is located below the collecting hole C.
The heating and collecting mechanism 330 further comprises a transmission assembly for providing displacement power for the heating piston 334, the transmission assembly comprises a support frame 337 fixedly mounted on a sealing plate 335, a guide motor 336 is mounted on the support frame 337, an output end of the guide motor 336 is connected with a guide screw 338, an axis of the guide screw 338 is parallel to an axis of the collecting cylinder 331, a guide frame 339 is in threaded sleeve connection with an outer side of the guide screw 338, the guide motor 336 drives the guide frame 339 to move in the vertical direction through the guide screw 338, a guide rod 332 is arranged between the guide frame 339 and the heating piston 334, an axis of the guide rod 332 is parallel to an axis of the collecting cylinder 331, one end of the guide rod 332 is fixedly mounted on the guide frame 339, and the other end of the guide rod 332 penetrates through the sealing plate 335 and is fixedly mounted on the bottom end face of the heating piston 334; specifically, the guide frame 339 moves in the vertical direction and drives the heating piston 334 to synchronously move in the collection cylinder 331 through the guide rod 332.
More optimally, when the extraction liquid in the extraction cylinder 210 is heated and collected, because the extraction cylinder 210 can expand with heat and contract with cold, in order to solve the influence caused by the phenomenon, the buffer spring set is sleeved outside the connecting rod 150, and comprises a lower buffer spring 160 and an upper buffer spring 170.
Connecting rod 150 outside be provided with the below that spacing ring and spacing ring are located upper bracket 130, the one end of lower buffer spring 160 contradict at the bottom terminal surface of upper bracket 130, the other end is contradicted on the spacing ring, and buffer spring 160's elasticity orders about upper bracket 130 and is vertical ascending motion down.
The top end of the outer side of the connecting rod 150 is provided with a restraining ring, one end of the upper buffer spring 170 abuts against the top end surface of the upper bracket 130, the other end of the upper buffer spring abuts against the restraining ring, and the elastic force of the upper buffer spring 170 drives the upper bracket 130 to vertically move downwards.
The compression elasticity of the upper buffer spring 170 to the upper bracket 130 is greater than the compression elasticity of the lower buffer spring 160 to the upper bracket 130.
The cooling reflux mechanism 350 comprises a first-stage cooling reflux assembly 30A, a second-stage cooling reflux assembly 30B and a third-stage cooling reflux assembly 30C, wherein the first-stage cooling reflux assembly 30A is arranged on a sealing cover 310 connected and communicated with a solvent liquid inlet hole A, the second-stage cooling reflux assembly 30B is arranged on a sealing cover 310 connected and communicated with a solvent liquid inlet hole B, and the third-stage cooling reflux assembly 30C is arranged on a sealing cover 310 connected and communicated with a solvent liquid inlet hole C.
The first-stage cooling reflux assembly 30A, the second-stage cooling reflux assembly 30B and the third-stage cooling reflux assembly 30C are identical in structure and respectively comprise a steam collecting frame 352 and a liquid collecting frame 355, the steam collecting frame 352 and the liquid collecting frame 355 are distributed in an up-and-down parallel mode, a plurality of steam collecting cavities are formed in the steam collecting frame 352 and evenly distributed at intervals along the length direction of the steam collecting frame 352, and steam collecting pipes are arranged on one side of the steam collecting frame 352 along the length direction of the steam collecting frame 352.
The steam collecting pipe is connected and communicated with a steam outlet arranged at the top end of the sealing cover 310 through a steam guide pipe, the steam collecting pipe is provided with steam outlets matched with the steam collecting cavities of the steam collecting frame 352 in number along the length direction, and the steam outlets are connected and communicated with the steam collecting cavities in a one-to-one correspondence manner.
The liquid collecting frame 354 is internally provided with a liquid collecting cavity corresponding to the vapor collecting cavity in the vapor collecting frame 325, the corresponding vapor collecting cavity is communicated with the liquid collecting cavity through a liquefying pipe 353, the liquefying pipe 353 is internally provided with a cooling component 351 for cooling and liquefying solvent vapor, the liquid collecting frame 354 is provided with a return pipe 355 for returning liquefied solvent along one side of the length direction of the return pipe 355, the return pipe 355 is provided with liquid inlet nozzles matched with the number of the liquid collecting cavities in the liquid collecting frame 354 along the length direction of the return pipe, and the liquid inlet nozzles on the return pipe 355 are communicated with the liquid inlet cavities in a one-to-one correspondence manner.
The cooling member 351 comprises a cooling water inlet pipe 3511 and a cooling water outlet pipe 3512, wherein the cooling water inlet pipe 3511 and the cooling water outlet pipe 3512 are of a pipeline structure with one end open and the other end closed, the open end of the cooling water inlet pipe 3511 is a liquid inlet, the open end of the cooling water outlet pipe 3512 is a liquid outlet, the cooling water inlet pipe 3511 is arranged at the top of the steam collecting frame 352, and the cooling water inlet pipe 3511 is provided with liquid outlets matched with the number of the steam collecting cavities in the steam collecting frame 352 along the length direction of the cooling water inlet pipe 3511.
The cooling water outlet pipe 3512 is arranged at the bottom of the liquid collecting frame 354, and liquid inlets matched with the number of the liquid collecting cavities in the liquid collecting frame 354 are formed in the cooling water outlet pipe 3512 along the length direction of the cooling water outlet pipe.
The liquid outlets of the cooling water inlet pipe 3511 and the liquid inlet of the cooling water outlet pipe 3512 are correspondingly connected and communicated one by one through a cooling pipe 3513, the cooling pipe 3513 and the liquefaction pipe 353 are coaxially arranged and are sleeved in the liquefaction pipe 353, and the region between the cooling pipe 3513 and the liquefaction pipe 353 is a solvent vapor liquefaction region; preferably, in order to increase the heat dissipation area of the solvent vapor and accelerate the liquefaction effect of the solvent vapor, the solvent vapor liquefaction zone is provided with a spiral guide rail 3514 having a spiral structure, and the spiral guide rail 3514 is wound on the outer side wall of the cooling pipe 3513 along the length direction thereof.
Water with a lower temperature enters from a liquid inlet of the cooling water inlet pipe 3511, is divided by a plurality of liquid outlets and then flows into the cooling pipe 3513, when ethanol vapor flows into a solvent vapor liquefaction zone in the liquefaction pipe 353, the ethanol vapor flows from top to bottom under the action of the spiral guide rail 3514 and finally flows into a liquid collection cavity of the liquid collection frame 354 under the cooling action of the cooling pipe 3513, and cooling water of the cooling pipe 3513 enters the cooling water outlet pipe 3512 from a liquid inlet of the cooling water outlet pipe 3512 and is discharged from a liquid outlet of the cooling water outlet pipe 3512.
More specifically, the liquid outlet of back flow pipe 355 with set up and install the booster pump between the mouth that flows back on sealed lid 310 conical surface, the booster pump be used for increasing the pressure of sealed lid 310 mouth of flowing back department, the booster pump includes pump case 357, pressure boost component 359, pump case 357 be one end opening, the other end confined cylindrical shell structure, the feed liquor hole that runs through its wall thickness is seted up to the drain hole and the lateral wall of pump case 357 that run through its thickness that the blind end of pump case 357 has seted up.
The liquid inlet hole of the pump case 357 is connected with the liquid outlet of the return pipe 355, and the liquid outlet hole of the pump case 357 is connected with the return port arranged on the conical surface of the sealing cover 310.
The boosting member 359 comprises a boosting piston 3593 arranged in a cavity of the pump housing 357 and a boosting frame 3592 arranged at the open end of the pump housing 357, wherein the boosting motor 3591 and a transmission component are arranged on the boosting frame 3592, the boosting motor 3591 is used for providing a power source for the boosting piston 3593, and the transmission component is used for receiving the power of the boosting motor 3591, transmitting the power to the boosting piston 3593 and driving the boosting piston 3593 to move in the vertical direction.
The transmission component comprises an eccentric wheel 3594, a guide block 3595 and a piston guide rod 3596, the eccentric wheel 3594 is coaxially and fixedly arranged at the output end of the supercharging motor 3591, and a sliding block is eccentrically arranged on the end surface of the eccentric wheel 3594.
The supercharging frame 3592 is provided with a sliding groove with a guide direction perpendicular to the ground, the guide block 3595 and the sliding groove are in sliding guide fit, the guide block 3595 is provided with a guide groove with a guide direction parallel to the ground, and the guide groove and the sliding block on the eccentric wheel 3594 are in sliding guide fit.
One end of the piston guide rod 3596 is fixedly arranged on the guide block 3595, and the other end of the piston guide rod 3596 is arranged on the pressurizing piston 3593; specifically, the boosting motor 3591 drives the eccentric wheel 3591 to rotate and enables the boosting piston 3595 to move in the vertical direction through the matching of the sliding block and the sliding groove.
The boost piston 3593 is a cylindrical cavity structure with two closed ends and forms a sliding guide fit with the cavity of the pump shell 357 in the vertical direction, and the top of the boost piston 3593 is provided with a plurality of first pressure reducing holes penetrating through the inner cavity of the boost piston.
A pressure reducing valve is arranged in the pressurizing piston 3593, and the pressure reducing valve comprises a pressure reducing plate 3598 arranged at the bottom of the pressurizing piston 3593 and a pressure reducing spring 3597 arranged in a cavity of the pressurizing piston 3593.
The pressure reducing plate 3598 is provided with a support rod, the support rod extends into the pressurizing piston 3593 through a mounting hole formed in the bottom of the pressurizing piston 3593, and a fixing plate is arranged at the upper end of the support rod.
Decompression spring 3597 cup joint outside the bracing piece and one end of decompression spring 3597 is supported and is supported on the bottom terminal surface of pressure boost piston 3593, the other end is supported and is supported on the fixed plate, decompression spring 3597 drive decompression board 3598 and do vertical ascending motion, and decompression board 3598 is under decompression spring force effect of decompression spring 3597, decompression board 3598 seals the pressure-relief vent two that set up in pressure boost piston 3593 bottom.
In the actual operation process of the booster pump, the booster motor 3591 drives the eccentric wheel 3591 to rotate and enables the booster piston 3593 to move in the vertical direction through the matching of the sliding block and the sliding groove.
When the boost piston 3593 moves vertically downwards, the pressure reducing plate 3598 seals the pressure reducing hole at the bottom of the boost piston 3593 under the elastic force of the pressure reducing spring 3597, and the pressure reducing plate and the pressure reducing piston 3593 move downwards and simultaneously gradually increase the pressure in the cavity of the pump housing 357 by pressing the air in the cavity of the pump housing 357, so that the speed of the ethanol solvent in the pump housing 357 flowing back to the extraction cylinder 210 through the backflow port on the sealing cover 310 is increased.
When the pressure increasing piston 3593 moves vertically upwards, the pressure in the pump housing 357 is reduced, when the pressure in the pump housing 357 is lower than the atmospheric pressure, the pressure reducing plate 3598 can receive a vertically downward suction force, when the suction force received by the pressure reducing plate 3598 is larger than the elastic force of the pressure reducing spring 3597, the pressure reducing plate 3598 can be separated from the end face of the bottom of the pressure increasing piston 3593, air can enter the pump housing 357 from a pressure reducing hole II in the bottom of the pressure increasing piston 3593, and therefore pressure fluctuation in the pump is reduced.
The arrangement of the booster pump in this embodiment is very necessary, if there is no booster pump to boost the pressure at the return port of the sealing cover 310, and when the solvent in the extraction cylinder 210 is heated, the pressure at the steam outlet and the return port arranged on the sealing cover 310 is equal, which may cause the situation that the solvent liquefied by the cooling return mechanism 350 cannot be returned for reuse.
More specifically, in order to reduce the pressure fluctuation in the chamber of the pump housing 357 caused by the air pressure of the extraction cylinder 210, a check valve 358 is disposed between the liquid outlet of the pump housing 357 and the backflow port of the sealing cap 310, and the check valve 358 is used for controlling the solvent in the chamber of the pump housing 357 to flow into the extraction cylinder 210 in a single direction.
The check valve 358 comprises a shell 3581, a limiting block 3582, a constraint block 3586 and a control member, wherein the shell 3581 is of a cylindrical cavity structure with two open ends, the upper open end of the pump shell 3581 is a liquid inlet of the check valve 358, the lower open end of the pump shell 3581 is a liquid outlet of the check valve 358, the liquid inlet of the check valve 358 is communicated with a liquid outlet hole of the pump shell 357, the liquid outlet of the check valve 358 is communicated with a backflow port of the sealing cover 310, the limiting block 3582 is fixedly installed in the shell 3581, and the limiting block 3582 is provided with a plurality of liquid guide holes penetrating through the thickness of the limiting block 3582.
The restriction block 3586 is fixedly installed in the housing 3581 and located between the liquid inlet of the limit block 3582 and the one-way valve 358, a plurality of liquid inlet holes penetrating through the thickness of the restriction block 3586 are formed in the restriction block 3586, the control member is used for controlling the circulation and the disconnection of a solvent at the liquid inlet of the restriction block 3586, the control member comprises a seal block 3584 and a one-way spring 3583, the seal block 3584 is arranged between the limit block 3582 and the restriction block 3586 and used for sealing the liquid inlet of the restriction block 3586, the one-way spring 3583 is arranged between the seal block 3584 and the limit block 3582, one end of the one-way spring 3583 abuts against the top end face of the limit block 3582, the other end of the one-way spring 3583 abuts against the bottom end face of the seal block 3584, the seal block 3584 is driven by the elasticity of the one-way spring 3583 to move vertically upwards, and the seal block 3583 seals the liquid inlet holes of the restriction block 3586 under the elasticity of the one-way spring 3583; preferably, in order to improve the sealing accuracy of the sealing block 3583 on the liquid inlet hole of the restraining block 3586, a sliding rod 3585 is further mounted on the top end face of the sealing block 3583, and one end of the sliding rod 3585 is fixedly mounted on the sealing block 3583 and is in sliding guide fit with a mounting hole arranged on the restraining block 3586 in the vertical direction.
Check valve 358 in actual operation: the one-way spring 3583 can provide a vertical upward elastic force for the sealing block 3584 under the supporting action of the limiting block 3582, when the sealing block 3584 is under the supporting action of the sliding rod 3585, under the guiding action of the sliding rod 3585 and under the guiding action of the sealing block 3584, the top end face of the sealing block 3584 contacts with the bottom end face of the restraining block 3586 and blocks the liquid inlet hole of the restraining block 3586, when the solvent in the pump housing 357 accumulates more and more, and when the mass of the solvent is greater than the elastic force of the one-way spring 3583 on the sealing block 3584, the sealing block 3584 overcomes the elastic force of the one-way spring 3583 and is separated from the contact with the restraining block 3586 and moves vertically downwards, and at the moment, the solvent flows into the extraction cylinder 210 from the liquid inlet hole of the limiting block 3586 and sequentially flows into the liquid guide hole of the limiting block 3582, the liquid outlet of the one-way valve 358 and the backflow port of the sealing cover 310, so that the one-way valve controls the solvent in the chamber of the pump housing 357 to flow into the extraction cylinder 210 in a one-way.
Preferably, when the booster pump boosts the pressure, the vertical downward movement of the booster piston will block the liquid inlet of the pump housing 357, which will cause the pressure inside the return pipe 355 to increase gradually, and the increase of the pressure inside the return pipe 355 may cause the rupture of the pipe, so as to solve this problem, a pressure release valve 356 is disposed between the pump housing 357 and the return pipe 355, where the pressure release valve 356 includes a liquid guide tube, and one end of the liquid guide tube is connected to the liquid inlet of the pump housing 357, and the other end of the liquid guide tube is connected to the liquid outlet of the return pipe 355.
The catheter wall of the catheter is provided with a liquid guide port, the liquid guide port is provided with a pressure relief tank 3561, the pressure relief tank 3561 is of a cylindrical shell structure with one open end and one closed end, the closed end of the pressure relief tank 3561 is provided with a liquid inlet nozzle penetrating through the thickness of the pressure relief tank, and the liquid inlet nozzle is connected and communicated with the liquid guide port on the catheter.
Pressure relief cover 3564 is installed to pressure relief jar 3561 open end, pressure relief cover 3564 goes up the activity cup joint and is the pressure relief guide rod 3565 of vertical arrangement, the lower extreme fixed mounting of pressure relief guide rod 3562 has pressure relief piston 3562.
The pressure relief piston 3562 is arranged in the pressure relief tank 3561 and is in sealing sliding guide fit with the pressure relief tank 3561 in the vertical direction, and a pressure relief spring 3563 is further arranged between the pressure relief piston 3562 and the pressure relief cover 3564.
One end of the pressure relief spring 3563 abuts against the end face of the bottom of the pressure relief cover 3564, the other end of the pressure relief spring 3563 is fixedly connected to the pressure relief piston 3562, and the elastic force of the pressure relief spring 3563 drives the pressure relief piston 3562 to move vertically and downwards.
When the booster pump boosts pressure, the booster piston 3593 vertically moves downwards and moves to the bottom of the pump housing 357, at this time, the booster piston 3593 blocks a liquid inlet hole of the pump housing 357, as the pressure of a liquid outlet of the return pipe 355 gradually increases, liquefied solvent enters the pressure relief tank 3561 from a liquid guide port of the liquid guide pipe, when the pressure in the pressure relief tank 3561 is greater than the elastic force of the pressure relief spring 3563, the pressure relief piston 3562 will overcome the elastic force of the pressure relief spring 3563 to vertically move upwards, so as to achieve the effect of pressure relief, when the booster piston 3593 vertically moves upwards and moves to the top of the pump housing 357, at this time, the pressure in the pressure relief tank 3561 is greater than the pressure in the pump housing 357, therefore, the solvent in the pressure relief tank 3561 flows into the pump housing 357 through the liquid inlet of the pump housing 357, and at the same time, the pressure relief piston 3562 slowly vertically moves downwards under the elastic force of the pressure relief spring 3563.
The working flow of the extraction device is as follows: when the extraction cylinder 210 filled with traditional Chinese medicine rotates to the position below the solvent inlet hole A, at this time, the heating and collecting mechanism 330 is in a heating state, the guide screw 338 is driven by the guide motor 336 to start rotating, the guide frame 339 synchronously moves vertically upwards under the guide effect of the guide rod 332, and drives the heating piston 334 to synchronously move until the heating piston 334 moves to the top of the collection cylinder 331.
The ethanol solvent is supplied into the extraction cylinder 210 through the solvent supply pipe 40 through the connection head of the sealing cap 310 until the amount of the ethanol solvent in the extraction cylinder 210 reaches a predetermined value, the solvent control valve 340 is closed, and the ethanol solvent is stopped from being continuously supplied into the extraction cylinder 210.
The heating element disposed on the heating piston 334 starts to operate, and heats the ethanol solvent in the extraction cylinder 210, so as to accelerate the effective components of the traditional Chinese medicine in the extraction cylinder 210 to dissolve in the ethanol solvent to form an extraction solution, meanwhile, due to the volatilization characteristic of the ethanol solvent, the ethanol solvent starts to vaporize under the heating action of the heating element and the pressure in the extraction cylinder 210 gradually increases, and the vaporized ethanol vapor is discharged from the vapor outlet disposed at the top of the sealing cover 310 under the pressure.
The ethanol vapor discharged from the vapor outlet of the sealing cover 310 sequentially flows into the cavity of the vapor collecting rack 352 through the vapor guide pipe and the vapor collecting pipe, and continuously flows into the liquefaction pipe 353 under the action of pressure.
In the process that the ethanol steam flowing out of the steam collection frame 352 continuously flows downwards through the spiral guide rail 3514, the ethanol steam cools and dissipates heat until the ethanol steam is liquefied and flows into the liquid collection frame 354 under the action of the cooling pipe 3513, the liquefied ethanol solvent continuously flows into the pump shell 357 through the liquid collection pipe 355 under the action of pressure, and the ethanol solvent in the pump shell 357 is accelerated to flow into the extraction cylinder 210 through the check valve 357 and the backflow port of the sealing cover 310 in sequence under the action of the booster pump.
When the heating time reaches the preset time, the heating element stops heating, when the pressure in the extraction cylinder 210 is the same as the external pressure, the heating and collecting mechanism 330 is switched from the heating state to the collecting state, the guide screw 338 is driven by the guide motor 336 to start rotating, the guide frame 339 synchronously moves vertically downwards through the guide action of the guide rod 332, drives the heating piston 334 to synchronously move until the heating piston 334 moves to the bottom of the collecting cylinder 331, when the heating piston 334 moves downwards, under the action of the filter screen 320, the extraction liquid in the extraction cylinder 210 flows into the extraction liquid collecting cylinder 331, and the extraction liquid in the collection cylinder 331 is taken out by opening the extraction liquid outlet valve 333.
Then the traditional Chinese medicine after the primary extraction moves towards the direction of the solvent liquid inlet hole B and the direction of the solvent liquid inlet hole C in turn under the driving of the extraction cylinder 210, the process of the above appeal is repeated, and the traditional Chinese medicine in the extraction cylinder 210 is extracted for the second time and the third time, therefore, the extraction liquid collected by the collection cylinder I, the collection cylinder II and the collection cylinder III is respectively high-concentration extraction liquid, medium-concentration extraction liquid and low-concentration extraction liquid.
The slag discharging device 50 comprises a slag discharging motor 510, a slag discharging mechanism 550 and a recycling bin 540, wherein the slag discharging motor 510 is used for providing slag discharging power for the slag discharging mechanism 550, the slag discharging mechanism 550 is used for removing traditional Chinese medicine residues in the extraction cylinder 210, and the recycling bin 550 is used for recycling traditional Chinese medicine residues in the extraction cylinder 210.
The slag discharging motor 510 is mounted on the upper bracket 130 through a motor frame 560, and an output shaft thereof is parallel to a central axis of the upper bracket 130.
The slag discharging mechanism 550 comprises a supporting shell 551 and a stroke screw rod 554, the supporting shell 551 is fixedly installed on the upper end surface of the upper bracket 130, the supporting shell 551 is communicated with the slag removing hole 131, and a slag discharging nozzle 552 is sleeved in the supporting shell 551.
The stroke screw 554 is vertically arranged, the bottom end of the stroke screw 554 is fixed with the slag discharge spray head 552, the top end of the stroke screw 554 penetrates through the support shell 551 and is positioned above the support shell 551, a guide piece is arranged between the stroke screw 554 and the slag discharge spray head 551, and the stroke screw 554 and the slag discharge spray head 551 form sliding guide fit in the vertical direction through the guide piece; specifically, the guide member includes a guide sliding groove disposed outside the stroke screw 554 and a guide sliding block fixedly disposed in the support housing 551.
A second transmission mechanism 520 is arranged between the power output end of the slag discharging motor 510 and the stroke screw rod 554, the second transmission mechanism 520 comprises a driving belt wheel fixedly arranged at the power output end of the slag discharging motor 510, a driven belt wheel arranged outside the stroke screw rod 554 in a threaded manner, and a conveying belt arranged between the driving belt wheel and the driven belt wheel, the upper end surface of the driven belt wheel is in contact with the motor frame 560, and the lower end surface of the driven belt wheel is in contact with the support shell 551.
The slag discharge spray head 552 is provided with a liquid supply cavity 5522, the slag discharge spray head 552 is provided with water outlet holes 5521 communicated with the liquid supply cavity 5522, and the water outlet holes 5521 are provided with a plurality of water outlet holes and are uniformly arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the slag discharge spray head 552.
The stroke screw 554 is provided with a water inlet hole communicated with the liquid supply cavity along the length direction of the stroke screw 554, the upper end of the stroke screw 554 is also connected with a distilled water inlet pipe 553, and the distilled water inlet pipe is communicated with the water inlet hole of the stroke screw 554.
The recycling bin 550 is installed on the base 110 and located below the slag discharge opening 121.
More preferably, in order to prevent the dregs of a decoction discharged from the dregs discharging opening 121 from splashing out of the recycling bin 550, an extension frame 530 is fixedly mounted below the dregs discharging opening 121, the extension frame 530 has a cylindrical cavity structure with two open ends, one open end of the extension frame is connected and communicated with the dregs discharging opening 121, and the other open end is suspended over the recycling bin 540.
The working flow of the slag discharging device 50 is as follows: when the traditional Chinese medicine after the three-time extraction is driven by the extraction cylinder 210 to move to the residue removing hole 131, the residue removing motor 510 starts to work, the stroke lead screw 554 is driven by the second transmission mechanism 520 to move in the vertical direction through the guide piece, the stroke lead screw 554 drives the residue removing spray head 552 to move synchronously, when the residue removing spray head 552 moves, the distilled water sequentially passes through the distilled water inlet pipe 553 and the water inlet hole in the stroke lead screw 554 to flow into the liquid supply cavity 5522 in the residue removing spray head 552, and is sprayed out through the water outlet hole 5521 and removes the traditional Chinese medicine residue remained on the inner wall of the extraction cylinder 210, and the traditional Chinese medicine residue falls into the recovery barrel 540 through the extension frame 530.
During actual operation, the feeding motor 220 starts to operate, the first transmission mechanism 230 drives the transmission shaft 250 to rotate around the axis of the transmission shaft 250, the transmission shaft 250 drives the rotating bracket 240 to rotate synchronously through the linkage part, the extraction cylinder 210 mounted on the rotating bracket 240 can rotate around the circumferential direction of the upper bracket 130 along with the rotation of the rotating bracket 240, when the extraction cylinder 210 rotates below the feeding hole 133, the feeding motor 220 stops operating, traditional Chinese medicine is put into the extraction cylinder 210 sequentially through the feeding hopper 260 and the feeding hopper 270, when the traditional Chinese medicine in the extraction cylinder 210 reaches the preset position of the volume of the extraction cylinder 210, the feeding motor 220 continues to operate, and the extraction cylinder 210 continues to rotate around the circumferential direction of the upper bracket 130.
When the extraction cylinder 210 containing traditional Chinese medicine rotates to the position below the solvent inlet hole A, at the moment, the heating and collecting mechanism 330 is in a heating state, the guide screw 338 is driven by the guide motor 336 to start rotating, the guide frame 339 synchronously moves vertically upwards together under the guide action of the guide rod 332, and drives the heating piston 334 to synchronously move until the heating piston 334 moves to the top of the collection cylinder 331.
The ethanol solvent is supplied into the extraction cylinder 210 through the solvent supply pipe 40 through the connection head of the sealing cap 310 until the amount of the ethanol solvent in the extraction cylinder 210 reaches a predetermined value, the solvent control valve 340 is closed, and the ethanol solvent is stopped from being continuously supplied into the extraction cylinder 210.
The heating element disposed on the heating piston 334 starts to work, and heats the ethanol solvent in the extraction cylinder 210, so as to accelerate the effective ingredients of the traditional Chinese medicine in the extraction cylinder 210 to dissolve in the ethanol solvent to form an extraction solution, meanwhile, due to the volatilization characteristic of the ethanol solvent, the ethanol solvent starts to vaporize under the heating effect of the heating element and the pressure in the extraction cylinder 210 increases gradually, and the vaporized ethanol vapor is discharged from the vapor outlet disposed at the top of the sealing cover 310 under the pressure effect.
The ethanol vapor discharged from the vapor outlet of the sealing cover 310 sequentially flows into the cavity of the vapor collecting frame 352 through the vapor guide pipe and the vapor collecting pipe, and continuously flows into the liquefaction pipe 353 under the action of pressure.
In the process that the ethanol steam flowing out of the steam collection frame 352 continuously flows downwards through the spiral guide rail 3514, the ethanol steam cools and dissipates the heat of the ethanol steam under the action of the cooling pipe 3513 until the ethanol steam is liquefied and flows into the liquid collection frame 354, the liquefied ethanol solvent continuously flows into the pump shell 357 through the liquid collection pipe 355 under the action of pressure, and the ethanol solvent in the pump shell 357 is accelerated to flow into the extraction cylinder 210 through the check valve 357 and the backflow port of the sealing cover 310 in sequence under the action of the booster pump.
The booster pump is characterized in that: the boosting motor 3591 drives the eccentric wheel 3591 to rotate and enables the boosting piston 3593 to move in the vertical direction through the matching of the sliding block and the sliding groove.
When the pressurizing piston 3593 moves vertically downwards, the pressure reducing plate 3598 seals the pressure reducing hole at the bottom of the pressurizing piston 3593 under the action of the elastic force of the pressure reducing spring 3597, and the pressure in the cavity of the pump housing 357 is gradually increased by pressing the air in the cavity of the pump housing 357 while the pressure reducing piston 3593 moves downwards, so that the speed of the ethanol solvent in the pump housing 357 flowing back to the extraction cylinder 210 through the return port on the sealing cover 310 is increased.
When the pressure increasing piston 3593 moves vertically upwards, the pressure in the pump housing 357 is reduced, when the pressure in the pump housing 357 is lower than the atmospheric pressure, the pressure reducing plate 3598 can receive a vertically downward suction force, when the suction force received by the pressure reducing plate 3598 is larger than the elastic force of the pressure reducing spring 3597, the pressure reducing plate 3598 can be separated from the end surface of the bottom of the pressure increasing piston 3593, air can enter the pump housing 357 from a pressure reducing hole in the bottom of the pressure increasing piston 3593, and therefore pressure fluctuation in the pump is reduced.
When the heating time reaches the preset time, the heating element stops heating, when the pressure in the extraction cylinder 210 is the same as the external pressure, the heating and collecting mechanism 330 is switched from the heating state to the collecting state, the guide screw 338 is driven by the guide motor 336 to start rotating, the guide frame 339 synchronously moves vertically downwards through the guide action of the guide rod 332, drives the heating piston 334 to synchronously move until the heating piston 334 moves to the bottom of the collecting cylinder 331, when the heating piston 334 moves downwards, under the action of the filter screen 320, the extraction liquid in the extraction cylinder 210 flows into the extraction liquid collecting cylinder 331, and the extraction liquid in the collection cylinder 331 is taken out by opening the extraction liquid outlet valve 333.
Then the traditional Chinese medicine after the primary extraction is driven by the extraction cylinder 210 to move towards the solvent liquid inlet hole B and the solvent liquid inlet hole C in sequence, the above-mentioned process is repeated, and the traditional Chinese medicine in the extraction cylinder 210 is subjected to secondary extraction and tertiary extraction, so that the extraction liquids collected by the collection cylinder I, the collection cylinder II and the collection cylinder III are respectively high-concentration extraction liquid, medium-concentration extraction liquid and low-concentration extraction liquid.
When the traditional Chinese medicine extracted for three times is driven by the extraction cylinder 210 to move to a slag removal port, the slag removal motor 510 starts to work, the stroke lead screw 554 is driven by the second transmission mechanism 520 to move in the vertical direction through the guide piece, the stroke lead screw 554 drives the slag removal spray head 552 to move synchronously, when the slag removal spray head 552 moves, distilled water sequentially flows into the liquid supply cavity 5522 in the slag removal spray head 552 through the distilled water inlet pipe 553 and the water inlet hole in the stroke lead screw 554 and is sprayed out through the water outlet hole 5521 to remove traditional Chinese medicine residues remained on the inner wall of the extraction cylinder 210, and the traditional Chinese medicine residues fall into the recovery barrel 540 through the extension frame 530.
The invention is described above by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is to be understood that the specific implementations of the invention are not limited in this respect. Various insubstantial improvements are made by adopting the method conception and the technical scheme of the invention; the above-mentioned conception and technical solutions of the present invention may be directly applied to other fields without any improvement, and all of them are within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. An extraction sub-element for extracting a traditional Chinese medicine by adopting an ethanol organic solvent is characterized by comprising a frame body (10), wherein a feeding device (20) and an extraction device are arranged on the frame body (10), the feeding device (20) is used for conveying the traditional Chinese medicine into the extraction device, and the extraction device is used for carrying out multi-stage extraction on effective components in the traditional Chinese medicine;
the rack body (10) comprises a base (110), a lower rack (120) and an upper rack (130), wherein the base (110), the lower rack (120) and the upper rack (130) are all circular tray structures with axes arranged vertically, the base (110) and the lower rack (120) are fixedly connected through a support rod (140), the lower rack (120) and the upper rack (130) are fixedly connected through a connecting rod (150), and the support rod (140) and the connecting rod (150) are provided with a plurality of support rods and are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the base (110);
the feeding device (20) comprises an extraction cylinder (210) and a power transmission mechanism, wherein the extraction cylinder (210) is used for receiving the traditional Chinese medicine to be extracted, and the power transmission mechanism is used for providing rotating force for the extraction cylinder (210) to rotate around the circumferential direction of the lower bracket (120);
the power transmission mechanism comprises a feeding motor (220), a transmission shaft (250) and a rotating bracket (240), wherein the feeding motor (220) is vertically and fixedly arranged at the bottom of the lower bracket (120);
the conveying shaft (250) is coaxially arranged between the lower support (120) and the upper support (130) and rotates around the axis of the conveying shaft, the bottom end of the conveying shaft (250) penetrates through the lower support (120) and is positioned below the lower support (120), a first transmission mechanism (230) is arranged between the bottom end of the conveying shaft (250) and the output end of the feeding motor (220), the first transmission mechanism and the first transmission mechanism carry out power transmission through the first transmission mechanism (230), and the first transmission mechanism (230) is a belt transmission mechanism;
the rotating bracket (240) is arranged between the lower bracket (120) and the upper bracket (130), and the rotating bracket (240) is sleeved outside the transmission shaft (250);
a linkage piece is arranged between the transmission shaft (250) and the rotating support (240), the rotating support (240) is arranged outside the transmission shaft (250) through the linkage piece, when the rotating support (240) displaces along the axial direction of the transmission shaft (250), the transmission shaft (250) continuously outputs power to the rotating support (240), and the linkage piece comprises an external spline arranged on the transmission shaft (250) and an internal spline arranged on the rotating support (240);
the extraction cylinder (210) is a cylindrical shell structure with openings at two ends, and the extraction cylinder (210) is fixedly arranged on the rotating bracket (240) and moves synchronously with the rotating bracket;
the end face of the bottom of the upper bracket (130) is provided with a first annular guide rail, and the upper opening end of the extraction cylinder (210) is positioned in the first annular guide rail;
the top end face of the lower support (120) is provided with a second annular guide rail, and the lower opening end of the extraction cylinder (210) is positioned in the second annular guide rail;
the first annular guide rail and the second annular guide rail are coaxially arranged and form sealed sliding guide fit around the circumferential direction of the lower support (120) with the extraction cylinder (210), and the extraction cylinder (210) is provided with five extraction cylinders which are uniformly arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the lower support (120);
the first annular guide rail is internally provided with a feed hole (133) penetrating the thickness of the upper bracket (130), a solvent feed hole (132) and a deslagging hole (131), the solvent feed hole (132) is provided with three solvent feed holes A, B and C, and the feed hole (133), the solvent feed hole A, the solvent feed hole B, the solvent feed hole C and the deslagging hole (131) are sequentially and uniformly arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the upper bracket (130);
the second annular guide rail is provided with a collecting hole (122), the collecting hole (122) is provided with three collecting holes A which are respectively coaxially arranged with the solvent liquid inlet hole A, a collecting hole B which is coaxially arranged with the solvent liquid inlet hole B and a collecting hole C which is coaxially arranged with the solvent liquid inlet hole C, and the second annular guide rail is also internally provided with a slag discharging hole (121) which is coaxially arranged with the slag removing hole (131);
the extraction device comprises a sealing cover (310) and a heating and collecting mechanism (330), wherein the heating and collecting mechanism (330) is used for heating the traditional Chinese medicine solvent in the extraction cylinder (210) and collecting the extraction liquid after the traditional Chinese medicine is extracted;
the sealing cover (310) is of a conical shell structure, the horizontal cross-sectional area of the sealing cover (310) decreases progressively from bottom to top, and the bottom end of the sealing cover (310) is fixedly mounted on the upper support (130);
the conical surface of the sealing cover (310) is provided with three connectors communicated with the inner cavity of the sealing cover, the sealing cover (310) is communicated with the solvent liquid inlet hole A, the solvent liquid inlet hole B and the solvent liquid inlet hole C in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and the connectors arranged on the three sealing covers (310) are communicated through a solvent liquid inlet pipe (40);
a solvent control valve (340) is also arranged between the solvent liquid inlet pipe (40) and the connector of the sealing cover (310), and the solvent control valve (340) is used for controlling the connection or disconnection of the connector of the solvent liquid inlet pipe (40) and the sealing cover (310);
the heating and collecting mechanism (330) is arranged between the base (110) and the lower bracket (120), the heating and collecting mechanism (330) is provided with two states which are a heating state for heating a solvent in the extraction cylinder (210) and a collecting state for collecting an extraction liquid in the extraction cylinder (210), the heating state is an initial state of the heating and collecting mechanism (330), the heating and collecting mechanism (330) comprises a collecting cylinder (331), the collecting cylinder (331) is of a cylindrical shell structure with openings at the upper end and the lower end, the upper opening end of the collecting cylinder (331) is fixedly arranged on the bottom end face of the lower bracket (120) and is communicated with the collecting hole (122), and a sealing plate (335) is arranged at the lower opening end;
a filter screen (320) is arranged in the collecting hole (122), and the filter screen (320) is used for separating the extraction liquid in the extraction cylinder (210) from the extracted medicine dregs;
a heating piston (334) for heating the solvent in the extraction cylinder (210) is arranged in the collection cylinder (331), a vertical sealed sliding guide fit is formed between the heating piston (334) and the collection cylinder, a heating element is arranged in the heating piston (334), when the heating piston (334) moves to the upper port of the collection cylinder (331), the heating collection mechanism (330) is in a heating state, and when the heating piston (334) moves to the lower port of the collection cylinder (331), the heating collection mechanism (330) is in a collection state;
a liquid outlet nozzle communicated with the inner cavity of the collecting cylinder (331) is formed in the side wall of the collecting cylinder (331), and an extract liquid outlet valve (333) used for opening or closing the liquid outlet nozzle is installed on the liquid outlet nozzle;
the minimum horizontal height of the liquid outlet nozzle of the collecting cylinder (331) and the maximum horizontal height of the heating piston (334) in a collecting state are positioned in the same horizontal plane.
2. The extraction sub-assembly for extracting traditional Chinese medicines by using an ethanol organic solvent as claimed in claim 1, wherein the collection cylinder (331) is provided with three collection cylinders, namely a first collection cylinder, a second collection cylinder and a third collection cylinder, wherein the first collection cylinder is positioned below the collection hole A, the second collection cylinder is positioned below the collection hole B, and the third collection cylinder is positioned below the collection hole C;
the heating and collecting mechanism (330) further comprises a transmission assembly for providing displacement power for the heating piston (334), the transmission assembly comprises a support frame (337) fixedly mounted on a sealing plate (335), a guide motor (336) is mounted on the support frame (337), the output end of the guide motor (336) is connected with a guide screw rod (338), the axis of the guide screw rod (338) is parallel to the axis of the collecting cylinder (331), a guide frame (339) is sleeved on the outer side of the guide screw rod (338) in a threaded manner, the guide motor (336) drives the guide frame (339) to move in the vertical direction through the guide screw rod (338), a guide rod (332) is arranged between the guide frame (339) and the heating piston (334), the axis of the guide rod (332) is parallel to the axis of the collecting cylinder (331), one end of the guide rod (332) is fixedly mounted on the guide frame (339), the other end of the guide rod (332) penetrates through a sealing plate (335) and is fixedly mounted on the bottom end face of the heating piston (334), and the guide frame (339) moves in the vertical direction and drives the heating piston (334) to move in the collecting cylinder (331) synchronously through the guide rod (332).
3. The extraction sub-assembly for extracting traditional Chinese medicines by using an ethanol organic solvent as claimed in claim 2, wherein a buffer spring set is sleeved outside the connecting rod (150), and the buffer spring set comprises a lower buffer spring (160) and an upper buffer spring (170);
the connecting rod (150) outside be provided with the below that spacing ring and spacing ring are located upper bracket (130), the one end of lower buffer spring (160) contradict at the bottom terminal surface of upper bracket (130), the other end is contradicted on the spacing ring, and the elasticity of lower buffer spring (160) orders about upper bracket (130) and is vertical ascending motion.
4. The extraction sub-assembly for extracting traditional Chinese medicines by using the ethanol organic solvent as claimed in claim 3, wherein a restraining ring is arranged at the top end of the outer side of the connecting rod (150), one end of the upper buffer spring (170) abuts against the top end surface of the upper bracket (130), the other end abuts against the restraining ring, and the elasticity of the upper buffer spring (170) drives the upper bracket (130) to move vertically and downwardly;
the compression elasticity of the upper buffer spring (170) to the upper bracket (130) is larger than the compression elasticity of the lower buffer spring (160) to the upper bracket (130).
CN202110329022.2A 2021-03-27 2021-03-27 Extraction sub-component for extracting traditional Chinese medicine by adopting ethanol organic solvent Active CN112999690B (en)

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CN202110329022.2A CN112999690B (en) 2021-03-27 2021-03-27 Extraction sub-component for extracting traditional Chinese medicine by adopting ethanol organic solvent

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