CN112997971B - Southern earthworm agricultural organic material and returning mode - Google Patents
Southern earthworm agricultural organic material and returning mode Download PDFInfo
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- CN112997971B CN112997971B CN202110224651.9A CN202110224651A CN112997971B CN 112997971 B CN112997971 B CN 112997971B CN 202110224651 A CN202110224651 A CN 202110224651A CN 112997971 B CN112997971 B CN 112997971B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/033—Rearing or breeding invertebrates; New breeds of invertebrates
- A01K67/0332—Earthworms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F3/00—Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
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- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of earthworm cultivation and organic matter conversion, and particularly relates to a southern earthworm agricultural organic material and a field returning mode, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 46-62 parts of dried cow dung, 8-17 parts of sugarcane leaves and 195 parts of ingredients. The ingredients comprise the following components in parts by weight: 23-29 parts of pig manure, 42-55 parts of cassava starch residue, 6-12 parts of chicken manure, 46-58 parts of cane sugar and cane mud and 29-41 parts of cow manure; the ingredients are uniformly mixed, water is added, the mixture is obtained, the added water accounts for 65% -75% of the total amount of the ingredients, and the mass ratio of the pig manure, the cassava starch residues, the chicken manure, the sucrose cane mud and the cow manure in the ingredients is 2.4:4.5:1:5: 3.3. In the invention, a mode of returning earthworm cast obtained by periodically breeding earthworms to the field is adopted, extra management is not needed during the breeding period, and the conversion economic benefit is high, so that the field returning mode is worth further popularization.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of earthworm cultivation and conversion of organic matters, and particularly relates to southern earthworm agricultural organic materials and a field returning mode.
Background
The earthworm is a link animal growing in soil, contains abundant protein, can be used as medicine, and has the effects of relieving fever, relieving spasm, lowering blood pressure, promoting urination and dredging channels and collaterals. The earthworms can loosen soil, improve the fertility and promote the agricultural yield increase. The earthworm can be used as various kinds of fowl, livestock, fishery aquatic products, aquatic pet food, animal live-feed bait, and feed additive phagostimulant. The dry earthworms can be used as high-grade initial feed for various fishes and aquatic products; fresh earthworms are high-protein live baits; the frozen earthworm is a high-benefit medicine bait. The earthworm is taken by various livestock and poultry animals frequently, so that the quality of meat, eggs and milk can be improved, the dosage can be reduced, the drug residue can be reduced, and the death rate can be reduced. The earthworms are fed frequently in a fry farm, an aquaculture farm and the like, so that the seedlings are strong, strong and bright in color. The Lumbricus can also be used as Chinese medicine, and has effects of promoting urination, relieving pain, relieving asthma, lowering blood pressure, relieving fever, and relieving convulsion. Earthworm contains earthworm extract, earthworm thermolysin, vitamin B complex, etc. and can be used for extracting biological medicines such as protease, lumbrokinase, earthworm fibrinolytic enzyme, etc. Earthworms are saprophytic living animals, live in a humid environment, feed on putrefactive organic matters, can be used as animal protein feed, and can improve soil fertility, treat household garbage and the like. Humic acid in the wormcast is generated after organic matters are digested by earthworms, and compared with humic acid in common organic fertilizer, the humic acid in the wormcast is easier to be absorbed by plants. The wormcast is used as a byproduct of earthworm cultivation, can be used as a biofertilizer, a feed raw material, a culture farm deodorizer and the like, and has great application value. In view of the above problems, it is necessary to meet the requirements for cultivating high-quality wormcast while utilizing and treating organic materials and cultivating earthworms, so as to achieve the unification of environmental benefits and economic benefits.
In recent years, the earthworm breeding method has great economic benefits, earthworm breeding can sell earthworms to dealers, and earthworm cast can also be used as organic fertilizer to replace chemical fertilizer, so that the cost for purchasing the chemical fertilizer is greatly reduced, and the yield and the fruit quality of crops are improved. At present, earthworms are mostly cultivated in a management mode, namely feeding and cultivation are carried out in a cultivation box or a cultivation greenhouse every day, management workers are arduous and invested with much effort, and therefore, a cultivation method capable of improving the earthworm cast yield and reducing management is needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems and provides a southern earthworm agricultural organic material and a returning mode, and mainly provides a method for returning wormcast obtained by cultivation under the condition of reduced management (no management), so that the fertilizer application amount of crops is reduced, and the ecological growth of the crops can be further improved by returning wormcast organic fertilizer to the field.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the southern earthworm agricultural organic material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 46-62 parts of dried cow dung, 8-17 parts of sugarcane leaves and 195 parts of ingredients.
As a more optimized technical scheme of the invention, the ingredients comprise the following components in parts by weight: 23-29 parts of pig manure, 42-55 parts of cassava starch residues, 6-12 parts of chicken manure, 46-58 parts of sucrose cane mud and 29-41 parts of cow manure.
As a more optimized technical scheme, the mass ratio of the pig manure, the cassava starch residues, the chicken manure, the sucrose cane mud and the cow manure in the ingredients is 2.4:4.5:1:5: 3.3.
The invention also provides a mode for returning the southern earthworm agricultural organic materials to the field, which comprises the following steps:
1) establishing a farm
Selecting a field with flat terrain, moist soil and no pollution, piling a plurality of cultivation rows in the field, wherein a ditch is arranged between each cultivation row, the width of each cultivation row is 80-100cm, and the length of each cultivation row is selected;
2) building feeding stockpile
a. Laying dry cow dung with the thickness of 10cm on the bottom layer of the culture row;
b. spreading sugarcane leaves with the thickness of 2-3cm on the dried cow dung;
c. adding water into the ingredients, stirring and mixing to obtain a mixture, wherein the added water accounts for 65-75% of the total amount of the ingredients;
d. laying the mixture with the thickness of 8-10cm on the sugarcane leaves;
e. and (3) laying 2-3cm of sugarcane leaves on the mixture to obtain the whole stack with the height of 22-26 cm.
3) Introduction of seeds
Selecting a Taiping No. two earthworm seedling which is strong, full, active, motile, quick to crawl and uniform in size, and uniformly sprinkling the earthworm seedlings on a stacking material, wherein 0.5-0.8kg of the earthworm seedlings is thrown in each square meter;
4) harvesting and returning to field
Cultivating for 2 months, separately harvesting Lumbricus and wormcast, recovering mature Lumbricus to obtain economic benefit, and returning wormcast to field at a ratio of 0.5-1.0 ton/mu; and (4) after each harvest cycle, carrying out cultivation in the next cycle according to the steps 2) and 3).
As a more optimized technical scheme of the invention, in the step 2), the added water amount in the mixture accounts for 70% of the total amount of the ingredients.
As a more optimized technical scheme of the invention, "scarecrows" are inserted at intervals on the stacking material.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the invention, the main ingredients of the earthworms are prepared from cow dung, pig manure, cassava starch residues, chicken manure and sucrose cane sugar sludge, and through experimental exploration, the mass ratio of the pig manure, the cassava starch residues, the chicken manure, the sucrose cane sugar sludge and the cow dung is 2.4:4.5:1:5:3.3, so that the optimal earthworm ingredients are prepared, and the earthworms can produce the maximized earthworm manure within a 2-month breeding period.
2. According to the invention, a material stacking mode is adopted for breeding earthworms, so that the earthworms can eat and grow in the stacking mode, and daily feeding and management are not needed in the period. The mode greatly reduces the personnel management cost, and the earthworms are bred through proper stockpiling, so that the stockpiling is just eaten after the earthworms are mature in a period, and a standardized breeding system is realized.
3. According to the invention, the upper and lower layers of sugarcane leaves are arranged in the compost, so that the ventilation property of the compost is mainly increased, and earthworms can conveniently penetrate into the compost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a layer of a stack according to an embodiment of the present invention;
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention. The concrete test is carried out at the test base of Guangxi agricultural science research institute, Longzhou county, Chongleft city, Guangxi province.
Example 1
The southern earthworm agricultural organic material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 46 parts of dried cow dung, 8 parts of sugarcane leaves and 146 parts of ingredients. Wherein the ingredients consist of the following components: pig manure, cassava starch residue, chicken manure, cane sugar mud and cow manure; wherein, the pig manure: cassava starch residues: chicken manure: cane sugar sludge: cow dung is 2.4:4.5:1:5: 3.3.
According to the embodiment, the returning mode of the southern earthworm agricultural organic materials comprises the following steps:
1) establishing a farm
Selecting a field with flat terrain, moist soil and no pollution, piling a plurality of cultivation rows in the field, wherein a ditch is arranged between every two cultivation rows, and the width and the length of each cultivation row are 100cm and 300m respectively.
2) Building feeding stockpile
a. Laying dry cow dung with the thickness of 10cm on the bottom layer of the culture rows;
b. laying sugarcane leaves with the thickness of 2cm on the dried cow dung;
c. adding water into the ingredients, stirring and mixing to obtain a mixture, wherein the added water accounts for 70% of the total amount of the ingredients;
d. laying a mixture with the thickness of 10cm on the sugarcane leaves;
e. and (3) laying sugarcane leaves of 3cm on the mixture, and finally obtaining that the height of the whole stacking material is 25cm, and inserting 'scarecrow' on the stacking material at intervals.
3) Introduction of seeds
Selecting a 'Taiping No. two' earthworm seedling which is strong, full, active, moving, fast in crawling and uniform in size, and uniformly sprinkling the earthworm seedlings on the stockpile, wherein 0.7kg of the earthworm seedlings is thrown in each square meter.
4) Harvesting and returning to field
Culturing for 2 months, namely a period, separately harvesting earthworms and wormcast, recovering mature earthworms and converting the earthworms into economic benefit, and returning the wormcast to the field according to 0.8 ton/mu; and (4) after each harvest cycle, carrying out cultivation in the next cycle according to the steps 2) and 3).
Comparative examples 1.1 to 1.5 are identical to example 1 with the exception of the formulation components, and the specific test data are as follows:
from the above data, it can be seen that in the experiment of example 1, the amount of wormcast produced by example 1 is optimal relative to the control examples 1.1-1.5, so that each component of the present invention is not essential in the composition of the ingredient, and the composition of example 1 is more optimal.
Example 2
The southern earthworm agricultural organic material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 62 parts of dried cow dung, 17 parts of sugarcane leaves and 195 parts of ingredients. Wherein the ingredients consist of the following components: pig manure, cassava starch residue, chicken manure, cane sugar mud and cow manure; wherein, the pig manure: cassava starch residues: chicken manure: cane sugar cane mud: cow dung is 2.4:4.5:1:5: 3.3.
According to the embodiment, the returning mode of the southern earthworm agricultural organic materials comprises the following steps:
1) establishing a farm
Selecting a field with flat terrain, moist soil and no pollution, piling a plurality of cultivation rows in the field, wherein a ditch is arranged between every two cultivation rows, and the width and the length of each cultivation row are 80cm and 300m respectively.
2) Building feeding stockpile
a. Laying dry cow dung with the thickness of 10cm on the bottom layer of the culture rows;
b. laying sugarcane leaves with the thickness of 2cm on the dried cow dung;
c. adding water into the ingredients, stirring and mixing to obtain a mixture, wherein the added water accounts for 70% of the total amount of the ingredients;
d. laying a mixture with the thickness of 8cm on the sugarcane leaves;
e. and (3) laying 2cm of sugarcane leaves on the mixture, and finally obtaining the whole stacking material with the height of 22cm, wherein the straw man is inserted on the stacking material at intervals.
3) Introduction of seeds
Selecting a Taiping No. two earthworm seedling which is strong, full, active, moving, fast in crawling and uniform in size, and uniformly sprinkling the earthworm seedlings on the stockpile, wherein 0.5kg of the earthworm seedlings is thrown in each square meter.
4) Harvesting and returning to field
Cultivating for 2 months, separately harvesting Lumbricus and wormcast, recovering mature Lumbricus to obtain economic benefit, and returning wormcast to field at a rate of 0.5 ton/mu; and (3) breeding in the next period according to the steps 2) and 3) after harvest in each period.
Example 3
The southern earthworm agricultural organic material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 54 parts of dried cow dung, 12 parts of sugarcane leaves and 170 parts of ingredients. Wherein the ingredients consist of the following components: pig manure, cassava starch residue, chicken manure, cane sugar mud and cow manure; wherein, the pig manure: cassava starch residues: chicken manure: cane sugar sludge: cow dung is 2.4:4.5:1:5: 3.3.
According to the embodiment, the returning mode of the southern earthworm agricultural organic materials comprises the following steps:
1) establishing a farm
Selecting a field with flat terrain, moist soil and no pollution, piling a plurality of cultivation rows in the field, wherein a ditch is arranged between every two cultivation rows, and the width and the length of each cultivation row are 90cm and 300m respectively.
2) Building feeding stockpile
a. Laying dry cow dung with the thickness of 10cm on the bottom layer of the culture row;
b. laying sugarcane leaves with the thickness of 3cm on the dried cow dung;
c. adding water into the ingredients, stirring and mixing to obtain a mixture, wherein the added water accounts for 70% of the total amount of the ingredients;
d. laying a 10cm thick mixture on the sugarcane leaves;
e. and (3) laying sugarcane leaves of 3cm on the mixture, and finally obtaining the whole stacking material with the height of 26cm, wherein the scarecrow is inserted on the stacking material at intervals.
3) Introduction of seeds
Selecting a Taiping No. two earthworm seedling which is strong, full, active, moving, fast in crawling and uniform in size, and uniformly sprinkling the earthworm seedlings on the stockpile, wherein 0.8kg of the earthworm seedlings is thrown in each square meter.
4) Harvesting and returning to field
Cultivating for 2 months, separately harvesting earthworm and wormcast, recovering mature earthworm and converting into economic benefit, and returning wormcast to field according to 1.0 ton/mu; and (4) after harvest in each period, carrying out cultivation in the next period according to the steps 2) and 3).
According to the invention, the mode of stacking earthworm materials is adopted, so that earthworms can eat, grow and produce excrement in the stacking materials, the earthworms do not need to be fed every day in the period, regular management is not needed, the upper layer and the lower layer of sugarcane leaves are arranged in the stacking materials, the ventilation property of the stacking materials is mainly increased, the earthworms can conveniently go deep into the stacking materials, and a good growing environment is provided for the earthworms. This breed mode has significantly reduced personnel's management cost, breeds appropriate amount of earthworm through suitable windrow moreover, just has eaten windrow (material) after the earthworm growth becomes ripe in the cycle, and the earthworm excrement of output is many, realizes standard integration earthworm farming systems.
The above description is intended to describe in detail the preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of the claims of the present invention, and all equivalent changes and modifications made within the technical spirit of the present invention should fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. The utility model provides a returning mode of southern earthworm agricultural organic material which characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
1) establishing a farm
Selecting a field with flat terrain, moist soil and no pollution, piling a plurality of cultivation rows in the field, wherein a ditch is arranged between each cultivation row, the width of each cultivation row is 80-100cm, and the length of each cultivation row is selected;
2) building feeding compost
a. Laying 46-62 parts by weight of dry cow dung with the thickness of 10cm on the bottom layer of the culture row;
b. 8-17 parts by weight of sugarcane leaves with the thickness of 2-3cm are laid on the dried cow dung;
c. adding water into the 146-; the ingredients comprise the following components in parts by weight: 23-29 parts of pig manure, 42-55 parts of cassava starch residues, 6-12 parts of chicken manure, 46-58 parts of sucrose cane mud and 29-41 parts of cow manure; the mass ratio of the pig manure, the cassava starch residues, the chicken manure, the sucrose cane mud and the cow manure in the ingredients is 2.4:4.5:1:5: 3.3;
d. laying the mixture with the thickness of 8-10cm on the sugarcane leaves;
e. laying 2-3cm of sugarcane leaves on the material to obtain the whole stacking material with the height of 22-26 cm;
3) introduction of seeds
Selecting a Taiping No. two earthworm seedling which is strong, full, active, motile, quick to crawl and uniform in size, and uniformly sprinkling the earthworm seedlings on a stacking material, wherein 0.5-0.8kg of the earthworm seedlings is thrown in each square meter;
4) harvesting and returning to field
Culturing for 2 months, namely a period, separately harvesting earthworms and wormcast, recovering mature earthworms and converting the earthworms into economic benefit, and returning the wormcast to the field according to 0.5-1.0 ton/mu; and (4) after each period of harvest, carrying out cultivation in the next period according to the step 2) and the step 3).
2. The southern earthworm agricultural organic material returning mode as set forth in claim 1, wherein: in the step 2), the water addition amount in the mixture accounts for 70% of the total amount of the ingredients.
3. The southern earthworm agricultural organic material returning mode as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the stockpile is provided with the scarecrow at intervals.
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103340184A (en) * | 2013-07-22 | 2013-10-09 | 南开大学 | Method for breeding earthworms by means of bagasse |
| PH22019000601U1 (en) * | 2019-05-17 | 2020-01-20 | Univ Cagayan State | Process of producing organic solid fertilizer made from pig manure, kakawate leaves, banana peelings and sugarcane mudpress |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20000059968A (en) * | 1999-03-10 | 2000-10-16 | 박경숙 | Management system of organic waste articles used vermiculture |
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| CN103340184A (en) * | 2013-07-22 | 2013-10-09 | 南开大学 | Method for breeding earthworms by means of bagasse |
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