CN112983525B - Inner soil discharge yard ditch remaining discharge method beneficial to ventilation of near-horizontal opencast coal mine stope - Google Patents
Inner soil discharge yard ditch remaining discharge method beneficial to ventilation of near-horizontal opencast coal mine stope Download PDFInfo
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- CN112983525B CN112983525B CN202110271834.6A CN202110271834A CN112983525B CN 112983525 B CN112983525 B CN 112983525B CN 202110271834 A CN202110271834 A CN 202110271834A CN 112983525 B CN112983525 B CN 112983525B
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 112
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 100
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 53
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract 4
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012876 topography Methods 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F1/00—Ventilation of mines or tunnels; Distribution of ventilating currents
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C47/00—Machines for obtaining or the removal of materials in open-pit mines
- E21C47/02—Machines for obtaining or the removal of materials in open-pit mines for coal, brown coal, or the like
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F17/00—Methods or devices for use in mines or tunnels, not covered elsewhere
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F5/00—Means or methods for preventing, binding, depositing, or removing dust; Preventing explosions or fires
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F5/00—Means or methods for preventing, binding, depositing, or removing dust; Preventing explosions or fires
- E21F5/20—Drawing-off or depositing dust
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- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
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- Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
- Pit Excavations, Shoring, Fill Or Stabilisation Of Slopes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an inner soil discharge field ditch reserving and discarding method beneficial to ventilation of a near-horizontal opencast coal mine stope.g. near-horizontal opencast coal mine mining sequentially peels off surface soil, rocks and coal to form surface soil, rocks and coal mining steps; stopping descending the section after the horizontal descending section reaches the coal bottom plate, and starting internal discharge of the stripping materials after the pit bottom distance exceeds a safe distance; reserving an inner soil discharge field channel which runs through the inner soil discharge field, and dividing the inner soil discharge field into a south soil discharge field and a north soil discharge field; the stripped matter on the north side of the boundary of the working uppers is discharged to the north side of the internal waste dump by a transporting flat disc on the north end side, and the stripped matter on the south side of the boundary of the working uppers is discharged to the south side of the internal waste dump by a transporting flat disc on the south end side; the invention changes the three-dimensional space structure of the open pit coal mine stope and the waste dump by reserving the ditch in the middle of the inner waste dump, is beneficial to circulating the air and the atmosphere in the stope, increases the natural wind flow of the stope, reduces the dust pollution in the stope of the pit, improves the inverse temperature phenomenon in the pit, and has wide application range.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of open pit mining, in particular to an inner soil discharge yard ditch remaining and discharging method beneficial to ventilation of a near-horizontal open pit coal mine stope.
Background
The open-pit mining dust production operation links are numerous, relate to links such as perforation, blasting, adopt and load, transportation, abandon, all are high-strength mechanical disturbance, and the stope dust pollution is serious. The open pit is big end down deep concave topography structure, is unfavorable for stope air and atmospheric environment to circulate each other. The high-concentration dust in the strip mine stope seriously influences the physical health and normal operation of workers, influences the operation sight of mechanical workers and aggravates the loss of mechanical equipment.
Stopes, end walls and inner soil discharge fields formed in the prior open-pit mining are in continuous forms, so that a pit is in a deep concave terrain three-dimensional structure, the pit is easy to generate a temperature inversion phenomenon, and air in the stope is difficult to exchange with the atmospheric environment, so that dust pollution in the stope is serious. The air velocity in the pit is slow, dust gathers, is difficult to participate in the atmospheric circulation, is easy to be stagnated, is easy to generate the adverse temperature phenomenon especially in winter in the north, forms local microclimate, cannot participate in the atmospheric circulation for gas exchange, or has small proportion.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides the inner soil discharge field ditch reserving and discarding method which is beneficial to ventilation of the nearly horizontal opencast coal mine stope.
In order to achieve the aim, the invention provides an inner soil discharging field ditch reserving and discharging method beneficial to ventilation of a near-horizontal opencast coal mine stope, which comprises the following steps:
s1, firstly, trenching along the coal seam trend at the exposed position of the working side of the nearly horizontal open pit coal mine, sequentially forming a surface soil step and a rock step from outside to inside in the trenching process, mining the exposed coal seam, constructing a coal mining step in the mining process, and conveying the surface soil and the rock stripped in the whole trenching mining process to an external soil discharge site for dumping;
s2, when the coal is mined to the lowest horizontal descending section until the coal bottom plate, the descending section is stopped being mined, the working steps are repeated, and the mining work is continued on the rock step with the surface soil step arranged on the next working face; when enough safe distance is reserved between the pit bottom stope and the inner soil discharge field, the mining stripping materials are discharged to the coal bottom plate outside the safe distance to form the inner soil discharge field;
in the process of internal discharging of S3, an internal discharging field channel penetrating through the internal discharging field is reserved in the middle of the internal discharging field, the lowest level of the discharging field channel is on the coal bottom plate, and the internal discharging field is divided into a south internal discharging field and a north internal discharging field, so that the exchange of air in a mine pit and atmospheric circulation is improved, natural wind flow of a mining field is increased, and dust pollution is reduced.
The width of the inner soil discharge field channel arranged on the coal bottom plate is 5-10 m; because the width of the soil discharging flat disc and the natural repose angle of the soil discharging step are reserved, a space structure with a wide upper part and a narrow lower part is formed in the process of discharging after the inner soil discharging field channel is reserved at the lowest level.
The extension line of the inner soil discharge field channel on the working side is used as a working side boundary line, stripped objects on the north side of the working side boundary line in the mining process are discharged to a north inner soil discharge field through a north side conveying flat disc, and stripped objects on the south side of the working side boundary line are discharged to a south inner soil discharge field through a south side conveying flat disc.
The concrete steps of transporting the coal bottom plate which is discarded to the outside of the safe distance comprise: the method comprises the steps of stacking stripped objects discarded firstly to form a lower soil discharging step, wherein the slope angle of the soil discharging step is the natural repose angle of the stripped objects, the natural repose angle is 30-38 degrees, when the width of the soil discharging step exceeds the width of a minimum soil discharging working flat plate by 80m, the stripped objects are transported and discarded to form a previous soil discharging step, the operation is repeated in a circulating mode, the whole inner soil discharging field is formed gradually, and finally the discarding height is determined according to the annual stripping ratio and the mining and discharging plan of a mine pit.
The inner soil discharge field is a continuous working line, the slope angle of the inner soil discharge field is 15-20 degrees, the slope angles of the end slopes on the two sides are set to be 20-40 degrees according to local geological conditions, the slope angle of the stope is 9-12 degrees, and finally the inner soil discharge field is of a reversed trapezoidal space structure with a large top and a small bottom.
The dip angle of the coal seam of the nearly horizontal open pit coal mine is 0-5 degrees, the slope angle of the surface soil step formed by digging and stripping surface soil is 60 degrees, and the stripped surface soil and rocks are discharged to an external soil discharge field to form a stripping working line and are pushed along the direction of the coal seam.
And in the trenching process, when the width of the surface soil step is greater than the minimum working flat plate width by 60m, descending the section, excavating a passage from the first surface soil step to the next step, mining the stripping material at the height of the next step, and continuously descending the working slope until the rock step is formed, wherein the slope angle of the rock step is 70 degrees.
And (3) mining the surface soil step and the rock step in the advancing direction synchronously in the mining process, descending the section when the rock step is constructed to the width larger than the width of the minimum working flat disc by 60m, excavating a passage from the rock step to the next step, mining the rock at the height of the next rock step, and repeatedly constructing the rock step until the coal bed is exposed.
And (4) continuing construction after the coal seam is exposed to form a coal mining step, wherein the slope angle of the coal mining step is 70 degrees, mining coal in the process of forming the coal mining step, and transporting the coal to a ground production system.
When the working face is mined, the top soil steps, the rock steps and the coal mining steps of the working slope of the whole stope are synchronously and horizontally mined towards the advancing direction, the descending section is stopped when the descending section of the coal mining steps of the working slope reaches the coal bottom plate, and the lowest part of the working slope is horizontal to the pit bottom.
Has the advantages that: the invention changes the three-dimensional space structure of the stope and the dumping field, increases the interaction between the stope and the atmospheric environment, can effectively increase the airflow area of the atmospheric airflow flowing into the stope of the pit, reduces the dust pollution in the stope, improves the working environment of workers and improves the working efficiency by changing the structure of the dumping field of the open pit coal mine and adjusting the dumping position and reserving a ditch in the middle of the inner dumping field.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a top plan view of an open pit coal mine according to the present invention being mined to a coal bed;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line I-I from the open pit coal mining to the coal bed plate in accordance with the present invention
FIG. 3 is a top plan view of an open pit coal mine of the present invention beginning at an inner row;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line I-I of an open pit coal mine according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a top plan view of an inner row of open pit coal mine gullies in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line I-I of an inner row of an open pit coal mine trench in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a sectional view taken along line II-II of the inner row of the open pit coal mine gully of the present invention.
In the figure: 1-surface soil step; 2-a rock step; 3, coal mining steps; 4-a coal bed plate; 5-discharging the soil outside the soil field; 6-coal bed trend; 7-working upper boundary line; 8-an inner soil discharge field; 9-inner earth-drainage field channel.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the invention are further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
the invention discloses an inner soil discharge yard ditch remaining and discharging method beneficial to ventilation of a near-horizontal opencast coal mine stope, which comprises the following steps:
as shown in fig. 1 and 2, S1 includes excavating a trench at an exposed position of a working side of a near-horizontal open pit coal mine along a coal seam trend, sequentially forming a top soil step 1 and a rock step 2 from outside to inside in the trench excavating process, excavating the exposed coal seam, constructing a coal mining step 3 in the process of mining, continuing construction after the coal seam is exposed to form the coal mining step 3, wherein a slope angle of the coal mining step 3 is 70 °, mining coal in the process of forming the coal mining step 3, and transporting the coal to a ground production system; the surface soil and rocks stripped in the whole trenching mining process are transported to an external soil discharge site 5 for discharging soil; the dip angle of the coal seam of the nearly horizontal open pit coal mine is 0-5 degrees, the slope angle of the surface soil step 1 formed by digging and stripping surface soil is 60 degrees, and the stripped surface soil and rocks are discharged to an external soil discharge field 5 to form a stripping working line and are pushed along the direction of the coal seam.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, S2, when the mining is stopped after the lowest horizontal descending section is mined to the coal bottom plate 4, the mining operation is continued by repeating the above working steps and arranging the rock step 2 of the top soil step 1 on the next working face; when the distance between the pit bottom stope and the inner soil discharge field exceeds the safety distance, the safety distance is 100m, and the inner soil discharge field 8 is formed on the coal bottom plate 4 which is arranged outside the safety distance from the mining stripping material; the inner soil discharge field 8 is a continuous working line, the slope angle of the inner soil discharge field 8 is 15-20 degrees, the slope angles of the end slopes on the two sides are set to be 20-40 degrees according to local geological conditions, the slope angle of the stope is 9-12 degrees, and finally the inner soil discharge field 8 is of a reversed trapezoidal space structure with a large top and a small bottom; in the trenching process, when the width of the surface soil step 1 is larger than the width of the minimum working flat disc by 60m, descending the section, excavating a passage from the first surface soil step to the next step, mining the stripping material at the height of the next step, and continuously descending the working slope until the rock step 2 and the slope angle of the rock step 2 are 70 degrees; in the mining process, the top soil step 1 and the rock step 2 are mined towards the propulsion direction 6 synchronously, when the rock step 2 is constructed to the width larger than the width of the minimum working flat disc by 60m, the rock step 2 is lowered, a channel from the rock step 2 to the next step is excavated, the rock at the height of the next rock step 2 is mined, and the rock step 2 is repeatedly constructed until the coal bed is exposed.
As shown in fig. 5, 6 and 7, in the process of the inner discharging in S3, an inner discharging field channel 9 penetrating through the inner discharging field 8 is reserved in the middle of the inner discharging field 8, and the width of the inner discharging field channel 9 is 5-10 m; because the width of the soil discharging flat disc and the natural repose angle of the soil discharging step are reserved, a space structure with a wide top and a narrow bottom is formed in the process of discharging after the inner soil discharging field channel 9 is reserved at the lowest level, the lowest level of the soil discharging field channel 9 is arranged on the coal bottom plate 4, and the inner soil discharging field 8 is divided into a south inner soil discharging field and a north inner soil discharging field, so that the exchange of air in a mine pit and the circulation of the atmosphere is improved, the natural wind flow of a stope is increased, and the dust pollution is reduced. The extension line of the inner soil discharge field channel 9 on the working side is used as a working side dividing line 7, stripped objects on the north side of the working side dividing line 7 in the mining process are discharged to a north inner soil discharge field through a north side transportation flat disc, and stripped objects on the south side of the working side dividing line 7 are discharged to a south inner soil discharge field through a south side transportation flat disc.
The concrete steps of transporting the coal bottom plate 4 discarded to a position outside the safe distance include: the method comprises the steps of stacking stripped objects discarded firstly to form a lower soil discharging step, wherein the slope angle of the soil discharging step is the natural repose angle of the stripped objects, the natural repose angle is 30-38 degrees, when the width of the soil discharging step exceeds the width of a minimum soil discharging working flat plate by 80m, the stripped objects are transported and discarded to form a previous soil discharging step, the operation is repeated in a circulating mode, the whole inner soil discharging field 8 is formed gradually, and the final discarding height is determined according to the annual stripping ratio and the mining and discharging plan of the mine pit. When the working face is mined, the top soil step 1, the rock step 2 and the coal mining step 3 of the working slope of the whole stope are synchronously and horizontally mined towards the advancing direction 6, when the coal mining step 3 of the working slope descends to the coal bottom plate 4, the descending is stopped, and the lowest part is horizontal to the pit bottom.
Claims (10)
1. An inner soil discharge yard ditch remaining and discharging method beneficial to ventilation of a near-horizontal opencast coal mine stope is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, firstly, trenching at the exposed position of the working side of the nearly horizontal open pit coal mine along the trend of the coal bed, sequentially forming a surface soil step (1) and a rock step (2) from outside to inside in the trenching process, mining the exposed coal bed, constructing a coal mining step (3) in the mining process, and conveying the surface soil and the rock stripped in the whole trenching mining process to an external soil discharge field (5) for soil discharge;
s2, when the coal is mined to the lowest horizontal descending section till the coal bottom plate (4), the descending section is stopped being mined, the working steps are repeated, and the mining work is continued on the rock step (2) of which the surface soil step (1) is arranged on the next working surface; when a sufficient safety distance is reserved between the pit bottom stope and the inner soil discharge field, the mining stripping materials are discharged to the coal bottom plate (4) beyond the safety distance to form the inner soil discharge field (8);
an inner dumping yard channel (9) penetrating through the inner dumping yard (8) is reserved in the middle of the inner dumping yard (8) in the inner dumping process of S3, the width of a dumping flat plate and a natural repose angle of a dumping step are reserved, a space structure with a wide top and a narrow bottom is formed in the dumping process after the inner dumping yard channel (9) is reserved at the lowest level, the lowest level of the inner dumping yard channel (9) is arranged on a coal bottom plate (4) and the inner dumping yard (8) is divided into a south inner dumping yard and a north inner dumping yard, so that the exchange of air and atmospheric circulation in a mine pit is improved, natural wind flow of a stope is increased, and dust pollution is reduced.
2. The method of claim 1 for facilitating trench dumping in an internal dump of near horizontal opencut coal mine stope ventilation, wherein: the width of the inner soil discharge field channel (9) arranged on the coal bottom plate (4) is 5-10 m.
3. The method of claim 1 for facilitating trench dumping in an internal dump of near horizontal opencut coal mine stope ventilation, wherein: the extension line of the inner soil discharge field channel (9) on the working side is used as a working side boundary (7), stripped objects on the north side of the working side boundary (7) are discharged to the north inner soil discharge field through a north side conveying flat disc in the mining process, and stripped objects on the south side of the working side boundary (7) are discharged to a south inner soil discharge field through a south side conveying flat disc.
4. The method of claim 1 for facilitating trench dumping in an internal dump of near horizontal opencut coal mine stope ventilation, wherein: the specific steps of transporting the disposal cuttings to the coal bed (4) outside the safe distance include: the method comprises the steps of stacking stripped objects discarded firstly to form a lower soil discharging step, wherein the slope angle of the soil discharging step is the natural repose angle of the stripped objects, the natural repose angle is 30-38 degrees, when the width of the soil discharging step exceeds the width of a minimum soil discharging working flat plate by 80m, the stripped objects are transported and discarded to form a previous soil discharging step, the operation is repeated in a circulating mode, a whole inner soil discharging field (8) is formed gradually, and the final discarding height is determined according to the annual stripping ratio and the mining and discharging plan of a mine pit.
5. The method of claim 1 for facilitating trench dumping in an internal dump of near horizontal opencut coal mine stope ventilation, wherein: the inner soil discharge field (8) is a continuous working line, the slope angle of the inner soil discharge field (8) is 15-20 degrees, the slope angles of the end slopes on the two sides are set to be 20-40 degrees according to local geological conditions, the slope angle of the stope is 9-12 degrees, and finally the inner soil discharge field (8) is of an inverted trapezoidal space structure with a large upper part and a small lower part.
6. The method of claim 1 for facilitating trench dumping in an internal dump of near horizontal opencut coal mine stope ventilation, wherein: the inclination angle of the coal seam of the nearly horizontal open pit coal mine is 0-5 degrees, the step slope angle of a surface soil step (1) formed by digging and stripping surface soil is 60 degrees, and the stripped surface soil and rocks are discharged to an external soil discharge field (5) to form a stripping working line and are propelled along the coal seam direction.
7. The method of claim 1 for facilitating trench dumping in an internal dump of near horizontal opencut coal mine stope ventilation, wherein: and in the trenching process, when the width of the surface soil step (1) is larger than the minimum working flat disc width by 60m, descending the section, excavating a passage from the first surface soil step to the next step, mining the stripping material at the height of the next step, and continuously descending the working slope until the rock step (2) is reached, wherein the slope angle of the rock step (2) is 70 degrees.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the top soil bench (1) and the rock bench (2) are mined synchronously in the direction of advance (6) during mining, the rock bench (2) is lowered when the width of the rock bench (2) is greater than 60m of the width of the minimum working platform, the rock bench (2) is excavated to the next bench, the rock at the height of the next rock bench (2) is mined, and the construction of the rock bench (2) is repeated until the coal seam is exposed.
9. The method of claim 1 for facilitating trench dumping in an internal dump of near horizontal opencut coal mine stope ventilation, wherein: and (3) continuing construction to form a coal mining step (3) after the coal seam is exposed, wherein the slope angle of the coal mining step (3) is 70 degrees, and coal is mined in the process of forming the coal mining step (3) and is transported to a ground production system.
10. The method of claim 1 for facilitating trench dumping in an internal dump of near horizontal opencut coal mine stope ventilation, wherein: when the working face is mined, the top soil step (1), the rock step (2) and the coal mining step (3) of the working slope of the whole stope are synchronously and horizontally mined towards the advancing direction (6), when the coal mining step (3) of the working slope descends to the coal bottom plate (4), the descending is stopped, and at the moment, the lowest part of the working slope is horizontal to the bottom of the pit.
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| CN113323665A (en) * | 2021-06-29 | 2021-08-31 | 新疆天池能源有限责任公司 | Stability control method for opencast coal mine to boundary soft rock end slope |
| CN114033380B (en) * | 2021-10-18 | 2024-07-12 | 辽宁工程技术大学 | Inclined coal seam strip mine mining method with parallel double working lines reversely propelled |
| CN114508354B (en) * | 2022-01-29 | 2022-12-09 | 中国矿业大学 | Inverted-pile internal-discharge mining method for strip mine stope with huge thick coal seam |
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