CN110685737B

CN110685737B - Flat-bottom structure sublevel rock drilling stage ore removal subsequent filling mining method

Info

Publication number: CN110685737B
Application number: CN201910821168.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 吕书平; 李文华; 刘海生; 杨继峰; 赵海; 吴旭; 周海龙; 赵欢; 王贺; 邱晓伟; 李鹏飞; 杨永宁; 白建; 巫鹏; 董华; 张有发; 李沛哲; 马志慧; 张玲飞; 范新建
Original assignee: Hebei Fanshan Phosphate Co ltd
Current assignee: Hebei Fanshan Phosphate Co ltd
Priority date: 2019-09-02
Filing date: 2019-09-02
Publication date: 2021-02-09
Anticipated expiration: 2039-09-02
Also published as: CN110685737A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of mining of metal and nonmetal ores, in particular to a flat-bottom structure sublevel rock drilling stage ore removal subsequent filling mining method suitable for mining steeply inclined and inclined ore bodies. The mining method is suitable for mining thick ore bodies, extremely thick ore bodies, steeply inclined metal and nonmetal ore bodies with the ore body footwall boundary and the bottom plate surrounding rock contact surface friction ratio smaller, the ore flowability better and the ore footwall moving angle more than 30 degrees. The sublevel open stoping and subsequent goaf filling are realized, the mining efficiency of the caving method is high, and the safety of the filling method is also realized. The mining environment is safe, and the goaf is treated by a filling method, so that the ore recovery rate is improved, and the ore dilution rate is reduced.

Description

Flat-bottom structure sublevel rock drilling stage ore removal subsequent filling mining method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of mining of metal and nonmetal ores, in particular to a flat-bottom structure sublevel rock drilling stage ore removal subsequent filling mining method suitable for mining steeply inclined and inclined ore bodies.

Background

In the traditional mining method, particularly, a high-pressure-bearing aquifer is covered on a mined ore body, the water source supply is sufficient, the irrigation and drinking water of surrounding villagers are influenced by the drainage of the ore deposit, and social and environmental problems are easily caused; the ground surface is cultivated land and road, collapse is not allowed, the ground surface needs to be strictly protected, the problems similar to 'three mining' are more, and safe, efficient, continuous and low-cost mining of the ore body cannot be realized. Many mines can only be mined by a sublevel rock drilling stage ore removal subsequent filling mining method or a room-pillar method and a room-pillar filling mining method. However, the 'sublevel rock drilling stage ore removal subsequent filling mining method' is generally applied to ore body stabilization, the ore body is in a sharp inclined state, namely the inclination angle of the ore body is more than 55 degrees, so that concentrated ore removal from the lowest sublevel is facilitated, and other auxiliary sublevels are only responsible for rock drilling, explosive charging and blasting, and loosening ore removal; the method has the advantages that the 'sublevel rock drilling stage ore removal subsequent filling mining method' is applied to an inclined ore body (the inclination angle of the ore body is 30-55 degrees), so that the problems of ore body footwall loss and dilution exist, and meanwhile, the problems of large exposed area of a top plate, long mining and filling cycle time, easy extraction of the top plate of a stoping chamber, high safety risk and the like also exist; the room-pillar method goaf is supported by pillars, so that the roof is easy to fall in the later period, and the mining difficulty of other rooms is increased after the ground pressure is displayed; the room-pillar filling mining method has the problems of low recovery rate and the like.

Thus, mining of moderately strong, steeply dipping and extremely thick ore bodies in complex environments with ore body stability presents an contradictory and uniform conflict between efficiency, safety, cost, dilution and loss.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the problems, the invention provides an optimization scheme of a sublevel rock drilling stage ore removal subsequent filling mining method suitable for mining steeply inclined and inclined ore bodies, the mining method is suitable for ore bodies mined under three mining stages such as covering high-bearing aquifers on the ore bodies, the top plates of the ore bodies are stable, the surrounding rocks of the bottom plates of the ore bodies are unstable, the ore bodies are medium and stable, stone-included soft and hard interbedded layers are arranged between the ore bodies, joint cracks develop, the ore bodies have obvious layer-like structures, and the mechanical strength of the ore bodies, the included stones and the surrounding rocks of the top plates and the bottom plates has obvious difference.

The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

a flat-bottom structure sublevel rock drilling stage ore removal subsequent filling mining method comprises the following steps:

the mining method is suitable for mining the ore body of a high-bearing water-bearing stratum under three on the ore body, the surrounding rock of the top plate of the ore body is stable, the surrounding rock of the bottom plate of the ore body is unstable, the ore body is medium and stable, the soft and hard interbedded rock is formed between the ore body and the ore body, the joint crack develops, the mining method has an obvious layered structure, the ore body, the interbedded rock and the surrounding rock of the top plate and the bottom plate have obvious difference in mechanical strength, and the mining method is suitable for mining metal and nonmetal ore bodies in inclined ore bodies with the horizontal thickness of the ore body larger than 40m, the trend is long, and the inclination angle is larger than 55 degrees, the friction ratio of the contact surface of the ore body lower plate boundary and the surrounding rock of the bottom plate is smaller, the ore mobility is better, the ore lower plate moving angle is.

The ore blocks are arranged along the trend of the ore body, the length of each ore block is 48-64 m, the width of each ore block is the horizontal thickness of the ore body, and the middle section of the ore body is divided into a first section, a second section and a third section from top to bottom;

the transportation middle section is positioned below the third section and is responsible for transporting ores, and an electric locomotive is used for towing a mine car to transport the ores after tracks and stringing are laid; the distance between the middle transportation section bottom plate and the third subsection bottom plate is used as a bottom column;

each ore block is divided into four ore rooms along the direction of the ore body, namely A, B, C, D ore rooms and a stud; each chamber is divided into three parts of mining units from the ore body footwall direction to the ore body upwall direction along the direction vertical to the ore body trend, wherein the three parts of mining units are respectively a first part of mining unit, a second part of mining unit and a third part of mining unit, each ore block is divided into 12 mining units in total, namely a first part of mining unit and a second part of mining unit- ⑫ mining unit, wherein the three sections of the first part of mining unit and the second part of mining unit participate in mining together, and the second section and the third section of the third part of mining unit participate in mining;

the filling middle section is positioned at the upper part of the transportation middle section and is positioned at the tops of the first part of stoping units and the second part of stoping units, and a filling engineering and a filling pipeline are arranged between the bottom plates of the filling middle section and the bottom plates of the transportation middle section (the height of the middle section of the ore body), and the filling engineering and the filling pipeline are used for lowering filling slurry from the top plate of the goaf to fill the top after the stoping of each stoping unit of the ore block;

sequentially arranging a No. 1 filling lane and a No. 2 filling lane in the filling middle section along the direction of the ore body from the ore body lower tray to the ore body upper tray, and arranging a filling connecting channel in a filling middle section column for communicating the No. 1 filling lane and the No. 2 filling lane so as to facilitate the arrangement of a filling pipeline and the transportation of filling materials;

arranging a conveying middle-section upper roadway at the boundary of the ore body of the conveying middle-section upper roadway along the direction of the ore body, and arranging a conveying middle-section lower roadway at the outer side of the ore body of the conveying middle-section lower roadway along the direction of the ore body; constructing and laying 6 orepasses from three sections upwards from the middle transportation section, wherein the orepasses are respectively 1 to 6, the lower part of each orepass is provided with one vibration ore drawing machine, a middle transportation section vein penetrating lane, the orepasses 1, the orepasses 2, the orepasses 3, the orepasses 4 and the orepasses 5 are arranged in a middle transportation section pillar, the orepasses 6 are arranged on one side of the upper transportation section wall near the upper wall (see the section of 2 II-II), the middle transportation section vein penetrating lane, the upper transportation section wall penetrating lane, the lower transportation section wall lane and the 6 orepasses are mutually communicated, tracks are laid and wired together, and an electric locomotive is used for dragging a mine car to transport ores; the method comprises the following steps that 6, a shaft lane is constructed from a conveying middle section to a third section, the other 5 shaft lanes are constructed from a conveying middle section through lane to each section and a filling middle section, the 1 shaft, the 2 shaft and the 3 shaft lane serve for first-section tunneling operation slag tapping and ore removal operation ore removal, the 1 shaft, the 2 shaft, the 3 shaft and the 4 shaft lane serve for second-section tunneling operation slag tapping and ore removal operation ore removal, the 2 shaft, the 3 shaft, the 5 shaft and the 6 shaft lane serve for third-section tunneling operation slag tapping and ore removal operation ore removal, and the 2 shaft lane serves for tunneling operation slag tapping of the filling middle section; respectively arranging a first subsection lower lane, a second subsection lower lane and a third subsection lower lane at the positions of the lower boundary of the first subsection, the second subsection and the third subsection ore body along the trend of the ore body; respectively arranging a first subsection upper roadway and a second subsection upper roadway outside the rock movement boundary of a third part of the mining unit on the upper side of the first subsection ore body and the second subsection ore body (see the section of fig. 1I-I), and arranging a third subsection upper roadway outside the upper side boundary of a third part of the mining unit on the third subsection;

a first subsection rock drilling roadway, a second subsection rock drilling roadway and a third subsection rock drilling roadway are respectively arranged in the three subsections from the vertical ore body of the lower roadway to the upper roadway, and four rock drilling roadways corresponding to the ore houses and a stud are respectively and uniformly distributed in each subsection of the three subsections in each ore block (namely, each rock drilling roadway is responsible for undertaking the ore house mining with the width of 10-13 m);

constructing a first subsection cutting well connection roadway from the first subsection lower roadway to the lower roadway along the direction of each first subsection rock drilling roadway, arranging a first subsection cutting well at the end part of the first subsection cutting well connection roadway, and enabling the height of a top plate of the first subsection cutting well to be consistent with that of a top plate of a filling roadway in the filling middle section to serve as a free surface of a blasting pull groove;

constructing a second section cutting well connecting lane from the second section lower wall lane to the lower wall direction along the direction of each second section drilling lane, arranging a second section cutting well at the end part of the second section cutting well connecting lane, and constructing a second section cutting well top plate to the bottom plate position of the first section drilling lane to be used as a free surface of the blasting pull groove;

constructing a third subsection cutting well connection roadway from the third subsection lower roadway to the lower roadway along the direction of each third subsection rock drilling roadway; a third subsection cutting well is arranged at the end part of the third subsection cutting well connection roadway, and a top plate of the third subsection cutting well is constructed to the bottom plate position of the second subsection rock drilling roadway and serves as a free surface of the blasting pull groove;

arranging fan-shaped medium-depth blast holes around the three segmental cutting wells, the cutting well connecting lane and the lower disk lane (shown in sectional views of FIGS. 4 IV-IV and FIGS. 7 VII-VII); the distance between the side wall of the second subsection cutting shaft and the side wall of the upper subsection lower wall lane is 2.5-3 m, so that the upper subsection lower wall lane is prevented from being damaged during the slot-drawing blasting of the lower subsection;

constructing a first section No. 1 ore removal connecting channel, a second section No. 1 ore removal connecting channel and a third section No. 1 ore removal connecting channel from the boundary of the first part of the mining units in the three sections to the upper tray direction along the direction of an ore body; constructing a second section No. 2 ore removal connecting channel and a third section No. 2 ore removal connecting channel from the boundary of the second section and the third section to the boundary of the second part mining unit to the upper plate direction along the trend of the ore body; constructing a No. 2 ore removal connecting channel of a first section along the direction of an ore body outside the rock movement boundary of the second part of extraction units (sectional views in FIGS. 1I-I);

arranging a draw shaft connecting roadway, a ore removal connecting roadway among the first sectional ore blocks, an ore removal connecting roadway among the second sectional ore blocks and an ore removal connecting roadway among the third sectional ore blocks in each sectional pillar;

ore removal connecting channels among the ore blocks of the first subsection are located in the middle position in the stud, construction is carried out from the ore removal connecting channel of the first subsection No. 1 to the direction of the lower wall lane to be communicated with the lower wall lane of the first subsection, and the drop shaft connecting lane constructed from the first subsection is respectively perpendicular to the ore removal connecting channel among the ore blocks of the first subsection, the ore removal connecting channel of the first subsection No. 1 and the ore removal connecting channel of the first subsection No. 2 and is communicated with the drop shaft 1, the drop shaft 2 and the drop shaft 3, so that ore is discharged into the drop shaft during slag removal and ore room stoping in construction;

ore removal connecting channels among the second sectional ore blocks are positioned in the middle position in the stud, construction is carried out from the No. 1 ore removal connecting channel of the second section to the direction of a lower wall tunnel and are communicated with the lower wall tunnel of the second section, and an ore pass connecting channel constructed from the second section is respectively perpendicular to the ore removal connecting channels among the second sectional ore blocks, the No. 1 ore removal connecting channel of the second section, the No. 2 ore removal connecting channel of the second section and the upper wall tunnel of the second section and is communicated with the 1 ore pass, the 2 ore pass, the 3 ore pass and the 4 ore pass, so that ore is conveniently discharged into the ore pass when the ore is excavated and recovered by excavation construction and ore room;

the ore removal connecting channel between the third section ore blocks is positioned in the middle position in the stud, construction is carried out from the upper roadway to the lower roadway of the third section to be communicated with the lower roadway of the third section, and the drop shaft connecting roadway of the third section is perpendicular to the ore removal connecting channel between the third section ore blocks and is communicated with the

drop shafts

2, 3 and 5, so that ore is conveniently discharged into the drop shafts during excavation construction, slag removal and stope;

the first part of the extraction unit is designed with three sections which participate in extraction together, and the side view of the extraction unit (namely the section I-I in figure 1) is triangular;

before stoping, constructing fan-shaped blast holes in a first subsection, a second subsection, a third subsection cutting well connection roadway, a lower wall roadway and a rock drilling roadway, wherein the row spacing is 1.2-1.5 m, and the hole bottom spacing is 2 m; blasting 3-5 rows of middle holes each time during stoping, discharging only 30% of designed ore caving amount after blasting, and discharging a large amount of ore from four ore discharging points which are counted from the first subsection to the lower roadway of the third subsection and the front opening of the rock drilling roadway of the third subsection after blasting of the third subsection is finished, wherein the ore discharging sequence of the lower roadway of each subsection must follow a strict stoping sequence, only ore can be recovered from top to bottom, the ore is firstly shoveled out by electricity, and the ore is discharged from a vacant area by using a remote control forklift after being discharged out of the hole until the ore is completely recovered; then a large amount of ore is removed from the front opening of the third subsection rock drilling roadway, the ore is firstly removed by electric shovels, and the ore is removed in the dead zone by using a remote control forklift after emptying until the ore in the whole mining unit is completely recovered;

after ore recovery is finished, constructing a filling retaining wall from the positions where three subsection lower alleyways (namely a first subsection lower alleyway, a second subsection lower alleyway and a third subsection lower alleyway), rock drilling alleyways (a first subsection rock drilling alleyway, a second subsection rock drilling alleyway and a third subsection rock drilling alleyway) and a goaf are communicated, sealing the whole goaf, carrying out tailing cemented filling, arranging a filling pipeline by using a filling middle section No. 1 filling alleyway during filling, setting the filling sand-ash ratio to be 1: 12 from a third subsection bottom plate along a section of 8 meters in the vertical height direction of the goaf (mining adjacent ore rooms are not exposed), setting the remaining part of sand-ash ratio to be 1: 8, maintaining a filling body for about 1 month after filling is finished, starting to mining the adjacent ore rooms and entering the next mining and filling cycle;

the second part of the mining units are designed to participate in mining together by three sections, the mining units are rectangular in side view (namely, a section I-I in a figure 1), a first bottom ore removal transverse crossing is constructed at a position 4-6 m away from a No. 1 ore removal connecting channel (a No. 1 ore removal connecting channel in a third section) in the direction of an upper tray, and a second bottom ore removal transverse crossing is constructed after the first bottom ore removal transverse crossing is constructed in the direction of the upper tray for 4-6 m; before stoping, constructing fan-shaped blast holes 27 in a first section No. 1 ore removal connection channel, a second section No. 1 ore removal connection channel, a third section No. 1 ore removal connection channel and each section rock drilling lane (namely a first section rock drilling lane, a second section rock drilling lane and a third section rock drilling lane), wherein the row spacing is 1.2-1.5 meters, the hole bottom spacing is 2 meters, blasting 3-5 row middle holes each time during stoping, only 30% of designed ore caving amount is discharged after blasting, after the blasting of the third section such as other ore amount is finished, a large amount of ore removal is started from four ore removal points which are the total of the third section rock drilling lane, the bottom ore removal cross-over channel and the third section No. 1 ore removal connection channel, the ore is removed by electric shoveling, and after emptying, a remote control forklift is used for ore removal in a dead zone until the ore in the whole stoping unit is completely recovered;

after ore recovery is finished, constructing a filling retaining wall from the positions of ore removal cross-passing of the bottom of the third section and ore removal connection channels 1 (namely the ore removal connection channel 1 of the first section, the ore removal connection channel 1 of the second section and the ore removal connection channel 1 of the third section) and the communicated goaf, closing the whole goaf, carrying out tailing cemented filling, laying a filling pipeline by using a filling middle section 2 filling roadway during filling, wherein the filling ash-sand ratio is 1: 12 from the bottom plate of the third section along the section 8m in the vertical direction of the goaf (the adjacent stope is not exposed), the rest part of the ash-sand ratio is 1: 8, and after filling is finished, maintaining the filling body for about 1 month, namely, starting to stope the adjacent stope and entering the next stope filling cycle;

the third part of the stoping unit is designed into two sections, namely a second section and a third section, which participate in stoping, the stoping unit is rectangular in side view (namely a section I-I in a figure 1), and a third part of bottom ore removal transverse crossing is constructed at a position 4-6 m away from the No. 2 ore removal connecting channel of the third section to the upper tray direction; before stoping, fan-shaped blast holes are constructed in the ore removal connecting channel of the second section 2, the ore removal connecting channel of the third section 2 and the ore removal connecting channels of the second section and the third section, the row spacing is 1.2-1.5 m, the hole bottom spacing is 2m, 3-5 row middle holes are blasted each time during stoping, after blasting, only 30% of designed ore caving amount is discharged, after blasting of the third section such as other ore amount is finished, ore removal from three ore removal points which are counted by the ore removal connecting channel of the third section, the ore removal crossing of the bottom of the third section and the ore removal connecting channel of the third section 2 starts to discharge a large amount of ore, the ore is firstly shoveled out by electricity, and after emptying, a remote control forklift is used for ore removal in a dead zone until the ore in the whole stoping unit is completely recovered;

after ore recovery is finished, constructing a filling retaining wall from the positions of the second subsection rock drilling lane, the third part of bottom ore removal transverse crossing and the position where the No. 2 ore removal connecting channel is communicated with the goaf, sealing the whole goaf, carrying out tailing cemented filling, arranging a filling pipeline by using the first subsection No. 2 ore removal connecting channel during filling, wherein the filling ash-sand ratio is 1: 12 from the third subsection bottom plate along the section 8m in the vertical height direction of the goaf (the section where the adjacent stope is stoped is not exposed), the remaining part of the filling ash-sand ratio is 1: 8, and after filling is finished, maintaining the filling body for about 1 month, namely, beginning to stope the adjacent stope and entering the next mining and filling cycle;

pillars are reserved among the ore blocks and used as pillar supports among the ore rooms, so that even if the filling roof contact rate of a goaf among the ore blocks is low, the pillars are supported, and the safety of stoping can be ensured; the shape of the top plate of the goaf of the stoping unit is designed to be an arch shape, and the stability of the top plate of the goaf in the stoping process of the chamber is improved by utilizing the characteristic of good stress structure of an arch roadway;

the bottom structure is arranged at the bottom third section of each stoping unit, each stoping unit is provided with a rock drilling lane, the lower wall lane or ore removal connecting channel and the bottom ore removal cross a plurality of ore removal points to form an ore loading bottom structure, and the rock drilling lane is combined with the lower wall lane or ore removal connecting channel and the bottom ore removal cross multi-point ore removal during stoping ore removal, so that the stope stoping speed is improved; designing two or three sections for drilling and blasting, wherein each section drilling roadway is subjected to cutting slot-drawing blasting by using a cutting well-roadway, the blasting is gradually carried out in the upper disk direction from the lower disk of the mining unit, a V-shaped trench is used for ore removal and serves as an ore receiving roadway, the blasting is carried out by using section millisecond delay detonation, and simultaneously, the support is reinforced in advance at the brow line port of each drilling roadway, so that the damage of blasting vibration to the brow line is reduced; residual ores in the chamber are discharged and cleaned by a remote control scraper; and after the ore removal of the ore room is finished, carrying out tailing cemented filling and entering the next mining and filling cycle.

Furthermore, the height of the middle section (namely the filling middle section bottom plate is far away from the transportation middle section bottom plate) of the ore body is 42-57 m, the height of each section is 11-18 m, the height of the first section is 14-18 m, and the height of the second section and the third section is 11-15 m; the height of the bottom column is 6-9 m.

Furthermore, the width of the chamber is 10-13 m, the width of the stud is 8-12 m, and the total length is 48-64 m.

Further, the third section hanging alley is arranged at a position, 10-15 m away from the third section hanging border of the third section mining unit.

Further, the length of the first subsection cutting well connected roadway is 8-12 meters; the length of a second subsection cutting well connecting roadway is 11-17 meters; the third subsection cutting well connecting roadway is 11-17 meters in length.

Furthermore, the first section No. 1 ore removal communication channel, the second section No. 1 ore removal communication channel and the third section No. 1 ore removal communication channel are respectively 5-7 m away from the boundary of the first part of the mining units towards the upper wheel.

Furthermore, the ore removal communication channel of the second section 2 and the ore removal communication channel of the third section 2 are respectively 5-7 m away from the boundary of the second part of the mining unit to the upper side of the disc.

Furthermore, the height of the first part of extraction units is 36-48 m, the length of the first part of extraction units is 30-50 m, and the width of the first part of extraction units is 12-13 m.

Furthermore, the height of the second part of extraction units is 36-48 m, the length of the second part of extraction units is 30-50 m, and the width of the second part of extraction units is 12-13 m.

Furthermore, the third part of the extraction units have the height of 22-30 m, the length of 25-35 m and the width of 12-13 m.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

the mining method researched by the invention is suitable for mining thick ore bodies and extremely thick ore bodies, and inclined metal and nonmetal ore bodies with small friction ratio of the boundary of the ore body lower wall and the contact surface of the bottom plate surrounding rock, good ore flowability and an ore lower wall moving angle of more than 30 degrees. The sublevel open stoping and subsequent goaf filling are realized, the mining efficiency of the caving method is high, and the safety of the filling method is also realized. The mining environment is safe, and the goaf is treated by a filling method, so that the ore recovery rate is improved, and the ore dilution rate is reduced.

According to the invention, by utilizing the characteristics that the friction force ratio of the ore body lower wall boundary to the bottom plate surrounding rock contact surface is smaller, the ore mobility is better, and the ore lower wall moving angle is more than 30 degrees, each subsection lower wall lane is designed at the position of the ore body lower wall boundary, the design of the ore body lower wall hole angle is basically consistent with the ore body inclination angle during the groove drawing blasting of the lower wall lane, as shown in a sectional view VII-VII, the first subsection ore body lower wall hole angle is 35 degrees, the second subsection ore body lower wall hole angle is 37 degrees, the ore body inclination angle is 33 degrees, and the ore dilution is reduced while the ore is fully recovered;

the distance between the side wall of the lower subsection cutting shaft of the first part of the stoping unit and the side wall of the upper subsection lower wall roadway is 2.5 meters, the upper subsection lower wall roadway is prevented from being damaged during the blasting of the lower subsection pull groove, conditions are created for the safe ore removal of an electric shovel or a remote control car from the lower wall roadway into the dead zone, and the ore blasted out in the stoping unit is fully stoped;

the second part and the third part of the stoping units are provided with bottom structures at the third section, each stoping unit is provided with a rock drilling lane, the ore removal connecting lane and the bottom ore removal cross a plurality of ore removal points to form an ore loading bottom structure, the rock drilling lane is combined with the ore removal connecting lane and the bottom ore removal cross a plurality of devices for multi-point ore removal during stoping ore removal, the stoping speed of a stope is improved, the monthly average ore removal amount of a single device reaches 12000 tons, and the purpose of fast mining and fast filling can be realized;

according to the invention, as the studs with the width of at least 8m are reserved among the ore blocks and used as the support of the ore pillars among the ore rooms, the support of the ore pillars is ensured even if the filling and roof-contacting rate of the goaf among the ore blocks is low, so that the safety of stoping can be ensured, and meanwhile, the ground surface does not have sedimentation; the shape of the top plate of the goaf of the stoping unit is designed to be an arch shape, and the stability of the top plate of the goaf in the stoping process of the chamber is improved by utilizing the characteristic of good stress structure of an arch roadway.

The invention can overcome the defects that the sublevel rock drilling stage ore removal subsequent filling mining method can only be applied to the ore body and the ore body top plate to be stable, the ore body is in a sharp inclined state, namely the inclination angle of the ore body is more than 55 degrees, and the like, and provides the method which has safe and reliable mining environment, prevents the ground surface from collapsing, prevents the overlying high-pressure bearing water from entering the underground, can recover the ore with high efficiency and low cost, and effectively improves the loss and dilution of the ore; the purposes of safely and efficiently mining, protecting the high-bearing aquifer covered on the ore body and controlling the settlement and collapse of the earth surface are achieved, the recovery rate reaches more than 81 percent, and great economic and social benefits are obtained.

The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the process flow of the optimization scheme of the mining method of the present invention (mainly reflecting the interrelation of the transportation middle section, the filling middle section and each subsection project on the vertical surface along the vertical ore body trend, and the occurrence state and inclination angle of the ore body are 33 degrees, and the division of each stoping unit on the sectional view);

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line II-II of FIG. 1 (reflecting primarily the engineering layout interrelations in the plane of the third subsection, and the interrelations with the midstream of the transport, and the various orepasses within the midstream);

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line III-III of FIG. 1 (reflecting primarily the engineering layout interrelations in the plane of the second subsection, and with the midstream, various orepasses within the midstream, and the layout of the third portion of the recovery unit blastholes in plan view);

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along lines IV-IV of FIG. 1 (reflecting primarily the engineering layout interrelations in the plane of the first section, and the interrelations with the midstream and various orepasses within the midstream, and the layout of the blastholes of the first and second portions of the recovery unit in plan view);

fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line v-v of fig. 1 (mainly reflecting the mutual relationship of the engineering layout in the filling middle section, and the positional relationship between the first part of mining units and the second part of mining units corresponding to the filling roadway No. 1 and the filling roadway No. 2);

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line VI-VI of FIG. 1 (mainly reflecting the interrelation of the transportation midsection, the filling midsection, and the four rooms and pillars along the run-out of the ore body on the vertical plane, including the designed shape of the roof of the gob, the filling sand-lime ratio, and the arrangement of three sectional blast holes);

fig. 7 is a view taken along line vii-vii in fig. 4 (mainly reflecting the arrangement of blastholes, where the blasthole edge angle of the lower plate roadway of the first part of mining units is 35 ° in the first section, and 37 ° in the second and third sections), in which each of the chambers is divided into three mining units along the vertical ore body strike, each of the mining units corresponds to the position of the filling roadway in the filling middle section, the position of the cutting well in each of the mining units, and the arrangement of the blastholes.

Detailed Description

In the figure:

no. 1-1 filling lane, No. 2-2 filling lane,

3-a first section lower lane, 4-a second section lower lane,

5-a third subsection lower roadway, 6-a first subsection No. 1 ore removal connecting roadway,

7-No. 1 ore removal communication channel of the second section, 8-No. 1 ore removal communication channel of the third section,

9-No. 2 ore removal communication channel of the second section, 10-No. 2 ore removal communication channel of the third section,

11-the first subsection No. 2 ore removal connecting road, 12-the first subsection upper roadway,

13-second segment upper loading lane, 14-third segment upper loading lane,

15-conveying middle section upper plate lane, 16-conveying middle section lower plate lane,

17-the bottom ore removal cross of the third section, 18-the bottom ore removal cross of the third section,

19-transit mid-traverse lane, 20-rock moving boundary,

21-third subsection rock drilling lane, 22-third subsection cutting well,

23-a first subsection stope connecting road, 24-a first subsection rock drilling roadway,

25-second subsection rock drilling lane, 26-third subsection hanging tunnel drop shaft connecting lane,

27-blast hole, 28-filling body after stoping and filling of the chamber,

29-ore removal communication channel between the first subsection ore blocks,

30-ore removal communication channels among the second sectional ore blocks,

31-ore removal connecting passages between the third subsection ore blocks, 32-stoping boundary lines between the ore rooms,

33-crushed stone which is already blasted, 34-a third subsection cutting well connected roadway,

35-a first section cutting well connecting lane, 36-a first section cutting well,

37-a second subsection cutting well, 38-a drop shaft connecting lane,

39-filling connecting channel, 40-blast hole,

41-blast hole of rock drilling lane, 42-shape of goaf top plate,

43-a first sectional slope connecting lane, 44-a second sectional slope connecting lane,

45-a third subsection ramp gangway, 46-a ramp,

47-a second section cutting well connecting lane,

examples

The mining method is suitable for mining the ore body under three conditions such as covering a high-bearing aquifer on the ore body, the surrounding rock of the top plate of the ore body is stable, the surrounding rock of the bottom plate of the ore body is unstable, the ore body is medium and stable, the soft and hard interbedded rock is sandwiched between the ore body and the ore body, the joint crack develops, the mining method has an obvious layered structure, the ore body, the sandwiched rock and the surrounding rock of the top plate have obvious difference in mechanical strength, and the mining method is suitable for mining the metal and nonmetal ore body in the inclined ore body with the horizontal thickness of the ore body larger than 40m, the trend is long, and the inclination angle is larger than 55 degrees, the friction ratio of the contact surface of the ore body lower plate boundary and the surrounding rock of the bottom plate is smaller, the ore mobility is better, the ore lower plate moving angle is more than 30 degrees.

1-7 are schematic diagrams of the process flow of the optimization scheme of the mining method, firstly, the numerical simulation calculation of an ore body stoping model is carried out through the mechanical properties of ore rocks, the width, the length and the height of each stoping unit in a stoping chamber and the maximum exposure allowable area of a goaf roof are determined, the positions of each stoping ore block and a stud are divided, and a mining preparation project is arranged in the ore block;

(1) the ore blocks are arranged along the trend of the ore body, the length of each ore block is 48-64 m, the width of each ore block is 50-90 m of the horizontal thickness of the ore body, the height of the middle section of the ore body (namely the distance between the transportation middle section and the filling middle section bottom plate) is 42-57 m, three sections are sequentially arranged between the transportation middle section and the filling middle section from top to bottom, namely a first section, a second section and a third section, the height of each section is 11-18 m, the height of the first section is 14-18 m, and the height of the second section and the height of the third section are 11-15 m; the middle transportation section is located below the third section, and a bottom plate of the middle transportation section is 6-9 m away from a bottom plate of the third section and serves as a bottom column; the transportation middle section is responsible for the transportation of ore, lays track and stringing back and utilizes the electric locomotive to pull the mine car and transport the ore.

(2) The filling middle section is positioned above the transportation middle section and is positioned at the tops of the first part of stoping units and the second part of stoping units, and a filling middle section bottom plate is 42-57 m away from a transportation middle section bottom plate and is used for arranging filling engineering and filling pipelines and is used for lowering filling slurry from a goaf top plate to be filled in a top-contacting manner after stoping of each stoping unit of the ore block is finished;

and a No. 1 filling lane and a No. 2 filling lane are sequentially arranged in the filling middle section along the direction of the ore body from the ore body lower tray to the ore body upper tray, and a filling connecting channel 39 is arranged in the filling middle section column and is used for communicating the No. 1 filling lane and the No. 2 filling lane, so that the arrangement of a filling pipeline and the conveying of filling materials are facilitated.

(3) Arranging a lower roadway at the boundary positions of ore bodies of the three segmental lower roadways along the trend of the ore bodies, and arranging each segmental rock drilling roadway from the vertical ore body walking direction of the lower roadway to the upper roadway, namely arranging a first segmental lower roadway 3, a second segmental lower roadway 4 and a third segmental lower roadway 5 at the boundary positions of the ore bodies of the first segmental ore body, the second segmental ore body and the third segmental ore body along the trend of the ore bodies respectively; respectively arranging a first subsection upper hanging roadway 12 and a second subsection upper hanging roadway 13 outside a rock movement limit 20 (section shown in a figure 1I-I) of a third part of the mining unit on the upper hanging side of the first subsection ore body and the second subsection ore body, and arranging a third subsection upper hanging roadway 14 at a position 13 meters away from the upper hanging boundary of the third part of the mining unit;

each ore block is divided into four chambers along the direction of an ore body, namely an A chamber, a B chamber, a C chamber, a D chamber and a stud, wherein each chamber is 10-13 m wide, and the stud is 8-12 m wide, and the total length is 48-64 m; each ore room is divided into three stoping units along the direction vertical to the direction of the ore body, a first part stoping unit, a second part stoping unit and a third part stoping unit are sequentially arranged from the bottom plate of the ore body to the top plate of the ore body, each ore block is divided into 12 stoping units in total, namely a first stoping unit and a second stoping unit … … ⑫ stoping units respectively, wherein the three sections of the first part stoping unit and the second part stoping unit participate in stoping together, and the second section and the third section of the third part stoping unit participate in stoping;

and a first subsection rock drilling roadway 24, a second subsection rock drilling roadway 25 and a third subsection rock drilling roadway 21 are arranged in the three subsections from the vertical ore body of the lower roadway to the upper roadway, four rock drilling roadways corresponding to the ore room and a stud are uniformly distributed in each subsection of the three subsections in each ore block, namely, each rock drilling roadway is responsible for undertaking the ore room stoping with the width of 10-13 m.

(4) Arranging a conveying middle-section upper roadway 15 at the boundary of the conveying middle-section upper roadway ore body along the direction of the ore body, and arranging a conveying middle-section lower roadway 16 at the outer side of the conveying middle-section lower roadway ore body along the direction of the ore body; constructing and laying 6 orepasses from a middle transportation section to the upper surface in three sections, wherein the lower disc side to the upper disc side are respectively a 1 orepass and a 2 orepass … … 6 orepasses, the lower part of each orepass is provided with one vibration ore drawing machine, a middle transportation section pulse-penetrating lane 19, the 1 orepass, the 2 orepass, the 3 orepass, the 4 orepass and the 5 orepass are arranged in a middle transportation section column, the 6 orepasses are arranged on one side (see a section II-II) of the upper transportation section disc lane 15 close to the upper disc, the middle transportation section pulse-penetrating lane 19, the middle transportation section upper disc lane 15, the lower transportation section disc lane 16 and the 6 orepasses are mutually communicated, tracks and stringing are laid together, and an electric locomotive is used for dragging and conveying ores;

the method comprises the following steps that 6 orepasses from a conveying middle section upper roadway to a third section, the other 5 orepasses are constructed from a conveying middle section through a drift roadway to each section and a filling middle section, 1 orepass, 2 orepass and 3 orepass serve the first section tunneling operation to remove slag and ore removal operation to remove ore, 1 orepass, 2 orepass, 3 orepass and 4 orepass serve the second section tunneling operation to remove slag and ore removal operation to remove ore, 2 orepass, 3 orepass, 5 orepass and 6 orepass serve the third section tunneling operation to remove slag and ore removal operation to remove ore, and 2 orepass serves the tunneling operation to remove slag in the filling middle section.

(5) Constructing a first subsection cutting well connection lane 35 with the length of 8-12 meters from the first subsection footwall lane to the footwall direction along each rock drilling lane direction, arranging a first subsection cutting well 36 with the depth of 14-18 meters at the end part of the first subsection cutting well connection lane 35, and enabling the height of a top plate of the first subsection cutting well to be consistent with the height of a top plate of a filling roadway in the filling middle section to serve as a free surface of a blasting pull groove;

constructing a second section cutting well connecting lane 47 with the length of 11-17 meters from the second section lower lane 4 to the lower lane direction along each rock drilling lane direction, arranging a second section cutting well 37 with the depth of 8-12 meters at the end part of the second section cutting well connecting lane, and constructing a second section cutting well top plate to the bottom plate position of the first section rock drilling lane 24 to be used as a free surface of a blasting pull groove;

constructing a third subsection cutting well connection lane 34 which is 11-17 meters long from the third subsection lower lane 5 to the lower lane direction along each rock drilling lane direction; a third subsection cutting well 22 with the depth of 8-12 m is further arranged at the end of the third subsection cutting well connection roadway, and the top plates of the three subsection cutting wells are constructed to the bottom plate of the second subsection rock drilling roadway 25 to be used as the free surface of the blasting pull groove;

fan-shaped medium-depth-drawing slot blast holes 40 are arranged around the three segmental cutting wells, the cutting well connecting lane and the lower plate lane (shown in sectional views of FIGS. 4 IV-IV and 7 VII-VII); the distance between the side wall of the second subsection cutting shaft and the side wall of the upper subsection lower wall roadway is 2.5-3 m, the upper subsection lower wall roadway is prevented from being damaged during the slot-drawing blasting of the lower subsection, and conditions are created for the electric shovel or the remote control car to enter the goaf from the lower wall roadway to safely remove ores.

(6) Constructing a first section No. 1 ore removal connecting channel 6, a second section No. 1 ore removal connecting channel 7 and a third section No. 1 ore removal connecting channel 8 from the boundary of the first part of the mining units to the upper disk direction by 5-7 m in the three sections along the direction of an ore body; constructing a second section No. 2 ore removal connecting channel 9 and a third section No. 2 ore removal connecting channel 10 from the boundary of the second section and the third section to the boundary of the second part mining unit to the position 5-7 m above the direction of the ore body; constructing a No. 2 ore removal connecting channel 11 of the first subsection along the direction of an ore body outside the rock movement limit 20 of the first subsection from the second part extraction unit (see the section I-I in the figure 1);

a draw shaft connecting roadway 38 is arranged in each subsection stud, and a ore removal connecting roadway 29 among the first subsection ore blocks, an ore removal connecting roadway 30 among the second subsection ore blocks and an ore removal connecting roadway 31 among the third subsection ore blocks are respectively arranged in the three subsections;

the ore removal connecting channel 29 between the ore blocks of the first subsection is positioned in the middle position in the stud, construction is carried out from the ore removal connecting channel 6 of the first subsection to the direction of the lower wall lane to be communicated with the lower wall lane 3 of the first subsection, the drop shaft connecting channel 38 constructed from the first subsection is respectively vertical to the ore removal connecting channel 29 between the ore blocks of the first subsection, the ore removal connecting channel 6 of the first subsection 1 and the ore removal connecting channel 11 of the first subsection 2 and is communicated with the drop shaft 1, the drop shaft 2 and the drop shaft 3, and ore discharging is convenient during tunneling construction slag removal and stope recovery;

the ore removal connecting channel 30 between the second section ore blocks is also positioned in the middle position in the stud, construction is carried out from the second section ore removal connecting channel 7 to the direction of the lower wall roadway to be communicated with the second section lower wall roadway 4, the drop shaft connecting roadway 38 constructed from the second section is respectively vertical to the ore removal connecting channel 30 between the second section ore blocks, the second section ore removal connecting channel 1, the second section ore removal connecting channel 9 and the second section upper wall roadway 13, and is communicated with the drop shaft 1, the drop shaft 2, the drop shaft 3 and the drop shaft 4, so that ore unloading into the drop shaft is convenient during excavation, construction slag removal and ore room recovery;

the ore removal connecting channel 31 between the third section ore blocks is also positioned in the middle position in the stud, construction is carried out from the third section upper roadway 14 to the direction of the lower roadway to be communicated with the third section lower roadway 5, and the drop shaft connecting channel 38 of the third section is perpendicular to the ore removal connecting channel 31 between the third section ore blocks and is communicated with the 2 drop shaft, the 3 drop shaft and the 5 drop shaft, so that ore is discharged into the drop shaft when the ore is excavated, constructed and mined and stoped in a room.

(7) The first part of the stoping unit is designed with three sections to participate in stoping together, the stoping unit is triangular in side view (namely a section of a figure 1I-I), 36-48 m high, 30-50 m long and 12-13 m wide, before stoping, fan-shaped blast holes 27 are constructed in a first section, a second section, a third section cutting well connecting lane, a lower disk lane and a rock drilling lane, the row spacing is 1.2-1.5 m, the hole bottom spacing is 2m, during stoping, 3-5 rows of middle holes are blasted each time, after blasting, only 30% of designed ore caving amount is discharged, after blasting of the third section such as other ore amount is finished, ore discharging is started from the first section to the four ore discharging points of each lower disk lane of the third section and the front mouth of the rock drilling lane of the third section, wherein the ore discharging sequence of each section lower disk lane position must follow a strict stoping sequence, only ore can be recovered from top to bottom, the ore is discharged by electric shovel, and then enters a remote control shovel into an ore discharging area after emptying, until the ores are recycled completely, then a large amount of ores are removed from the front opening of the third subsection rock drilling roadway 21, the ores are removed by electric shovels, and the ores enter the dead zone for ore removal by using a remote control forklift after emptying until the ores in the whole stoping unit are recycled completely;

and after the ore recovery is finished, constructing a filling retaining wall from the positions where the three subsection lower alleys (namely a first subsection lower alley 3, a second subsection lower alley 4 and a third subsection lower alley 5), the rock drilling alleys (namely a first subsection rock drilling alley 24, a second subsection rock drilling alley 25 and a third subsection rock drilling alley 21) and the goaf are communicated, sealing the whole goaf, carrying out tailing cemented filling, laying a filling pipeline by using a No. 1 filling alley constructed in the middle filling section during filling, wherein the filling ash-sand ratio is 1: 12 from the third subsection bottom plate along the goaf vertical height direction 8m section (the stoping of adjacent ore rooms is not exposed), the residual part of the filling ash-sand ratio is 1: 8, and after the filling is finished, maintaining the filling body for about 1 month, starting to stoping the adjacent ore rooms and entering the next stoping cycle.

(8) The second part of the mining unit is also designed in such a way that three subsections participate in mining together, the mining unit is rectangular in side view (namely, a section I-I in figure 1), the height of the mining unit is 36-48 m, the length of the mining unit is 30-50 m, and the width of the mining unit is 12-13 m, a first bottom ore removal transverse crossing 17 is constructed at a position 5m above a third subsection from a No. 1 ore removal connecting channel (namely, a No. 1 ore removal connecting channel 8 in the third subsection) in the direction of the upper tray, and a second bottom ore removal transverse crossing 17 is constructed from the first bottom ore removal transverse crossing 17 to the upper tray in the direction of 5 m;

before stoping, constructing fan-shaped blast holes 27 in a first section No. 1 ore removal connecting channel 6, a second section No. 1 ore removal connecting channel 7, a third section No. 1 ore removal connecting channel 8 and each section rock drilling lane (namely a first section rock drilling lane 24, a second section rock drilling lane 25 and a third section rock drilling lane 21), wherein the row spacing is 1.2-1.5 m, the hole bottom spacing is 2m, blasting 3-5 holes each time during stoping, only discharging 30% of designed ore caving amount after blasting, starting a large amount of ore removal from four ore removal points which are counted by the third section rock drilling lane 21, the bottom ore removal cross-crossing 17 and the third section No. 1 ore removal connecting channel 8 after blasting, and discharging ore by using an electric shovel, and then using a remote control shovel to enter a dead zone for ore removal after emptying until the ore in the whole stoping unit is recovered completely;

after the ore recovery is finished, constructing a filling retaining wall from the positions where the first subsection rock drilling lane 24, the second subsection rock drilling lane 25, the third subsection rock drilling lane 21, the third subsection bottom ore removal cross 17 and the No. 1 ore removal connecting lanes (namely the first subsection No. 1 ore removal connecting lane 6, the second subsection No. 1 ore removal connecting lane 7 and the third subsection No. 1 ore removal connecting lane 8) are communicated with the goaf, sealing the whole goaf, carrying out tailing cemented filling, laying a filling pipeline by using the No. 2 filling lane in the filling middle section, starting to stope the adjacent stope room from the third subsection bottom plate along the 8-meter section in the vertical mining direction (the stope adjacent stope room is not exposed), wherein the ratio of filling ash to sand is 1: 8, and starting to stope the adjacent stope room after the filling is finished for about 1 month, and entering the next filling cycle.

(9) The third part of the mining unit is designed into two sections, namely a second section and a third section participate in mining, the mining unit is rectangular in side view (see section I-I in figure 1), the height is 22-30 m, the length is 25-35 m, the width is 12-13 m, and a third part bottom ore removal transverse crossing 18 is constructed at a position 5m away from a No. 2 ore removal connecting channel 10 of the third section in the upward direction; before stoping, fan-shaped blast holes 27 are constructed in the second section 2 ore removal connecting channel 9, the third section 2 ore removal connecting channel 10 and the second and third section rock drilling tunnels, the row spacing is 1.2-1.5 m, the hole bottom spacing is 2m, 3-5 row middle holes are blasted each time during stoping, after blasting, only 30% of designed ore caving amount is discharged, after the blasting of the third section such as other ore amount is finished, ore removal cross-over 18 is performed from the third section rock drilling tunnel 21, the bottom of the third part and the third section 2 ore removal connecting channel 10, and a large amount of ore removal is started from three ore removal points which are counted in total, namely, ore removal is performed by using an electric shovel first, and ore removal is performed in a dead zone by using a remote control shovel after emptying until the ore in the whole stoping unit is completely recovered;

and after the ore recovery is finished, constructing a filling retaining wall from the positions of the second subsection rock drilling lane 25, the third subsection rock drilling lane 21, the third part of bottom ore removal transverse cross 18 and the positions of the second and third subsection No. 2 ore removal connecting channels communicated with the goaf, sealing the whole goaf, carrying out tailing cemented filling, arranging a filling pipeline by using the first subsection No. 2 ore removal connecting channel 11 during filling, wherein the first subsection No. 2 ore removal connecting channel 11 is positioned outside the rock movement limit 20 of the second part of the stoping unit (see section I-I in fig. 1), the filling ash-sand ratio is 1: 12 from the third subsection bottom plate along the section 8m in the vertical height direction of the goaf (the stoping adjacent stopes are not exposed), and the residual part of the filling ash-sand ratio is 1: 8, and after the filling is finished, the stoping adjacent stopes can be started to be stoped for about 1 month, and the next stoping cycle is started.

In the invention, a first sublevel stope connecting channel 23 is arranged between the first sublevel hanging roadway 12 and the first sublevel No. 2 ore removal connecting channel 11, and the first sublevel stope connecting channel 23 and a fourth rock drilling roadway (namely, a stoping unit marked as the fourth) in each ore block are in one direction, so that the equipment can conveniently come in and go out;

a third section upper roadway drop shaft connecting roadway 26 is arranged between the third section upper roadway 14 and the 6 drop shafts, the third section upper roadway drop shaft connecting roadway 26 is positioned in the middle position of ore blocks along the strike direction of the ore body (namely, between the second stoping unit and the third stoping unit is marked), and the purpose is to shorten the transport distance of a forklift truck;

the slope way 46 is arranged on one side of the upper plate of the first section upper plate lane 12, the second section upper plate lane 13 and the third section upper plate lane 14, and the slope way 46 is a permanent project and has long service time and must be arranged outside the rock movement limit 20 of the third section mining unit (see section I-I in figure 1) to prevent the slope way from deforming due to the rock movement when the third section mining unit mines, and the slope way is 17%.

A first subsection slope connecting lane 43 is arranged between the upper lane 12 and the slope lane 46 of the first subsection, and the first subsection slope connecting lane 43 and the first subsection stope connecting lane 23 are in one direction and mainly used for communicating the slope lane with the first subsection, so that various devices can be conveniently dispatched from the slope lane to enter and exit the first subsection;

a second sectional slope connecting lane 44 is arranged between the second sectional loading lane 13 and the slope lane 46, and the second sectional slope connecting lane 44 and the second sectional rock drilling lane 25 are in one direction and mainly used for communicating the slope lane with the second section so as to facilitate various devices to be dispatched from the slope lane to enter and exit the second section;

a third section slope connecting lane 45 is arranged between the upper lane 14 and the slope lane 46 of the third section, and the third section slope connecting lane 45 and the third section rock drilling lane 21 are mainly used for communicating the slope lane and the third section on one direction, so that various devices can be conveniently dispatched from the slope lane to enter and exit the third section.

According to the invention, by utilizing the characteristics that the friction force ratio of the ore body lower wall boundary and the bottom plate surrounding rock contact surface is smaller, the ore flowability is better, and the ore lower wall moving angle is more than 30 degrees, each subsection lower wall roadway is designed at the position of the ore body lower wall boundary without being designed in the lower wall surrounding rock, the design of the ore body lower wall edge hole angle is basically consistent with the ore body inclination angle during the groove-drawing blasting of the lower wall roadway, as shown in a section diagram of fig. 7 VII-VII, the first subsection ore body lower wall edge hole angle is 35 degrees, the second subsection ore body lower wall edge hole angle is 37 degrees, the ore body inclination angle is 33 degrees, and the ore dilution is reduced while the ore is fully recovered.

Because the studs with the width of at least 8m are reserved among the ore blocks and used as the pillar supports among the ore rooms, the pillar supports are ensured to exist even if the filling and roof-contacting rate of the goaf among the ore blocks is low, the safety of stoping can be ensured, and the ground surface does not have sedimentation; the shape of the top plate of the goaf of the stoping unit is designed to be an arch shape, and the stability of the top plate of the goaf in the stoping process of the chamber is improved by utilizing the characteristic of good stress structure of an arch roadway.

According to the mining method, each ore block is divided into four ore rooms along the trend of an ore body, wherein the four ore rooms are A, B, C, D ore rooms and a pillar, each ore room is 10-13 m wide, the pillar is 8-12 m wide, and the total length is 48-64 m. Each chamber is divided into three stoping units along the direction perpendicular to the ore body trend, the stoping units of the first part, the second part and the third part are sequentially arranged from the ore body footwall to the upper plate, each ore block is divided into 12 stoping units in total, and the stoping range and the exposed area of a top plate of a goaf of each stoping unit are optimized simultaneously, so that the mining method can be suitable for mining extremely thick ore bodies (the horizontal thickness of the ore bodies is larger than 40 m), the trend is long, the inclined ore bodies (the inclination angles are 30-55 degrees, the inclination angles are larger than 55 degrees, the friction ratio of the ore body footwall boundary and the bottom plate surrounding rock contact surface is small, the ore mobility is good, and the ore footwall moving angle is larger than 30 degrees for mining inclined metal and nonmetal ore bodies.

The mining method adopts the back mining sequence of back mining to mine the ore body, namely, the back mining is carried out from the ore body footwall to the ore body upper wall, all the mining preparation projects are arranged in the ore body, in the II-1 ore body of the ore body upper wall or at the boundary position of the ore body footwall (each subsection footwall tunnel), and the mining method mainly has the following advantages:

firstly, no waste rock exists in the excavation construction of the mining engineering, all the waste rock is ore, the output of the waste rock is reduced, and the economic benefit is improved;

secondly, the stoping is designed to start from the stoping unit of the first part with unstable surrounding rock of the bottom plate of the ore body, and the stoping is gradually carried out on the stoping units of the second part and the third part with stable top plate of the ore body, so that the timely stoping of the roadway of the unstable surrounding rock section is ensured, the maintenance cost of the roadway is avoided, and the safety of the stoping is improved;

permanent projects such as the upper plate lane of each section, a slope way connecting the upper plate lanes of each section, a personnel safety exit and the like are all arranged in the upper plate lane and are arranged outside the ore upper plate moving angle (65 degrees) of the third part of the stoping units, so that the permanent projects are not influenced by the stoping.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are intended to illustrate rather than limit the technical solution of the present invention, and those skilled in the art should modify the embodiments or substitute part of the technical features without departing from the spirit of the technical solution of the present invention, and the technical solution of the present invention is covered by the claims.

Claims

1. A flat-bottom structure sublevel rock drilling stage ore removal subsequent filling mining method is suitable for mining ore bodies covered with high-pressure-bearing aquifers under three, the top plate surrounding rock of the ore body is stable, the bottom plate surrounding rock of the ore body is unstable, the ore body is medium and stable, the ore body and the ore body are mutually layered by stone and soft and hard, joint cracks develop, the ore body has an obvious similar layered structure, the mechanical strength of the ore body, the stone and the top plate surrounding rock is obviously different, the filling mining method is suitable for mining the steeply inclined ore body with the horizontal thickness of the ore body larger than 40m, the trend is long, the inclination angle is larger than 55 degrees, the friction ratio of the ore body lower plate boundary and the bottom plate surrounding rock contact surface is smaller, the ore mobility is better, the ore lower plate moving angle is more than 30 degrees, and the inclination angle is 30-55 degrees;

the method is characterized in that: the ore blocks are arranged along the trend of the ore body, the length of each ore block is 48-64 m, the width of each ore block is the horizontal thickness of the ore body, and the middle section of the ore body is divided into a first section, a second section and a third section from top to bottom;

each ore block is divided into four ore rooms along the direction of the ore body, namely A, B, C, D ore rooms and a stud; each chamber is divided into three parts of mining units from the ore body footwall direction to the ore body upwall direction along the vertical ore body trend, wherein the three parts of mining units are respectively a first part of mining unit, a second part of mining unit and a third part of mining unit, each ore block is divided into 12 mining units in total, namely a first part of mining unit and a second part of mining unit- ⑫ mining unit, wherein the three sections of the first part of mining unit and the second part of mining unit participate in mining together, and the second section and the third section of the third part of mining unit participate in mining;

the filling middle section is positioned at the upper part of the transportation middle section and positioned at the tops of the first part of stoping units and the second part of stoping units, and a filling engineering and a filling pipeline are arranged between the bottom plates of the filling middle section and the bottom plates of the transportation middle section and used for lowering filling slurry from a top plate of a goaf to be filled in a top-contacting manner after stoping of each stoping unit of ore blocks is finished;

sequentially arranging a No. 1 filling lane (1) and a No. 2 filling lane (2) in the filling middle section along the direction of the ore body from the ore body lower tray to the ore body upper tray, and arranging a filling connecting channel (39) in a filling middle section column, wherein the filling connecting channel is used for communicating the No. 1 filling lane and the No. 2 filling lane, so that the arrangement of a filling pipeline and the conveying of filling materials are facilitated;

a conveying middle-section upper roadway (15) is arranged at the boundary of the conveying middle-section upper roadway ore body along the ore body trend, and a conveying middle-section lower roadway (16) is arranged at the outer side of the conveying middle-section lower roadway ore body along the ore body trend; constructing and laying 6 orepasses from three sections upwards from the middle transportation section, wherein the orepasses are respectively 1 to 6, the lower part of each orepass is provided with one vibration ore drawing machine, a middle transportation section vein penetrating lane (19), the orepasses 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 are arranged in a middle transportation section pillar, the 6 orepasses are arranged on one side, close to the upper plate, of the upper transportation section plate lane (15), the middle transportation section vein penetrating lane (19) is communicated with the upper transportation section plate lane (15), the lower transportation section plate lane (16) and the 6 orepasses, tracks are laid and wired together, and the electric locomotive is used for dragging the mine car to transport ores; the method comprises the following steps that 6, a shaft lane is constructed from a conveying middle section to a third section, the other 5 shaft lanes are constructed from a conveying middle section through lane to each section and a filling middle section, the 1 shaft, the 2 shaft and the 3 shaft lane serve for first-section tunneling operation slag tapping and ore removal operation ore removal, the 1 shaft, the 2 shaft, the 3 shaft and the 4 shaft lane serve for second-section tunneling operation slag tapping and ore removal operation ore removal, the 2 shaft, the 3 shaft, the 5 shaft and the 6 shaft lane serve for third-section tunneling operation slag tapping and ore removal operation ore removal, and the 2 shaft lane serves for tunneling operation slag tapping of the filling middle section;

respectively arranging a first subsection lower lane (3), a second subsection lower lane (4) and a third subsection lower lane (5) at the positions of the lower boundary of the first subsection, the second subsection and the third subsection ore body along the trend of the ore body; a first subsection upper roadway (12) and a second subsection upper roadway (13) are respectively arranged outside the rock movement limit (20) of a third part of the mining unit on the upper side of the first subsection ore body and the second subsection ore body, and a third subsection upper roadway (14) is arranged outside the upper side boundary of a third part of the mining unit on the third subsection;

a first subsection rock drilling roadway (24), a second subsection rock drilling roadway (25) and a third subsection rock drilling roadway (21) are arranged in the direction from the vertical ore body of the lower disk roadway to the upper disk roadway, and four rock drilling roadways corresponding to the ore room and a stud are uniformly distributed in each of the three subsections in each ore block;

constructing a first segmentation cutting well connection lane (35) from the first segmentation lower disc lane (3) to the lower disc direction along each rock drilling lane direction, arranging a first segmentation cutting well (36) at the end part of the first segmentation cutting well connection lane (35), wherein the height of a top plate of the first segmentation cutting well is consistent with that of a top plate of a filling tunnel in the filling middle section and the top plate is used as a free surface of a blasting pull groove;

constructing a second section cutting well connecting lane (47) from the second section lower lane (4) to the lower lane direction along each rock drilling lane direction, arranging a second section cutting well (37) at the end part of the second section cutting well connecting lane, and constructing a top plate of the second section cutting well to the bottom plate of the first section rock drilling lane (24) to be used as a free surface of a blasting pull groove;

constructing a third subsection cutting well connection roadway (34) from the third subsection lower roadway (5) to the lower roadway along the direction of each rock drilling roadway; a third subsection cutting well (22) is arranged at the end part of the third subsection cutting well connection roadway, and the top plate of the third subsection cutting well is constructed to the bottom plate of the second subsection rock drilling roadway (25) to be used as the free surface of the blasting pull groove;

fan-shaped medium-depth blast holes (40) are arranged around the three sectional cutting wells, the cutting well connecting lane and the lower disk lane; the distance between the side wall of the second subsection cutting shaft and the side wall of the upper subsection lower wall lane is 2.5-3 m, so that the upper subsection lower wall lane is prevented from being damaged during the slot-drawing blasting of the lower subsection;

constructing a first section No. 1 ore removal connecting channel (6), a second section No. 1 ore removal connecting channel (7) and a third section No. 1 ore removal connecting channel (8) in the three sections from the boundary of the first part of the mining units to the direction of the upper plate along the direction of the ore body; a second section No. 2 ore removal connecting channel (9) and a third section No. 2 ore removal connecting channel (10) are respectively constructed in the direction from the boundary of the second section and the third section to the boundary of the second part mining unit to the upper plate along the direction of the ore body; constructing a No. 2 ore removal connecting channel (11) of the first section along the trend of the ore body outside the rock movement limit (20) of the second part of the mining unit;

a draw shaft connecting roadway (38), a ore removal connecting roadway (29) among the first sectional ore blocks, an ore removal connecting roadway (30) among the second sectional ore blocks and an ore removal connecting roadway (31) among the third sectional ore blocks are arranged in each sectional stud; ore removal connecting channels (29) among the ore blocks of the first subsection are located in the middle position in the stud, construction is carried out from the ore removal connecting channel (6) of the first subsection No. 1 to the direction of the lower plate lane to be communicated with the lower plate lane (3) of the first subsection, and an ore pass connecting channel (38) constructed from the first subsection is respectively perpendicular to the ore removal connecting channels (29) among the ore blocks of the first subsection, the ore removal connecting channel (6) of the first subsection No. 1 and the ore removal connecting channel (11) of the first subsection No. 2 and is communicated with the ore pass 1, the ore pass 2 and the ore pass 3, so that ore is discharged into the ore pass during excavation, construction, slag removal and ore room stoping;

ore removal connecting channels (30) among the second section ore blocks are positioned in the middle position in the stud, construction is carried out from the second section ore removal connecting channel (7) to the direction of a lower plate roadway until the ore removal connecting channels are communicated with the second section lower plate roadway (4), and an ore pass connecting channel (38) constructed from the second section is respectively vertical to the ore removal connecting channels (30) among the second section ore blocks, the second section ore removal connecting channel (7) 1, the second section ore removal connecting channel (9) 2 and the second section upper plate roadway (13) and is communicated with the ore pass 1, the ore pass 2, the ore pass 3 and the ore pass 4, so that ore discharging is conveniently carried out during tunneling construction slag tapping and ore room stoping;

ore removal connecting channels (31) between the third-section ore blocks are positioned in the middle position in the stud, construction is carried out from the third-section upper roadway (14) to the direction of the lower roadway to be communicated with the third-section lower roadway (5), and the drop shaft connecting channels (38) of the third section are perpendicular to the ore removal connecting channels (31) between the third-section ore blocks and are communicated with the 2 drop shaft, the 3 drop shaft and the 5 drop shaft, so that ore is conveniently discharged into the drop shaft during tunneling construction slag discharge and ore room stoping;

the first part of the stoping unit is designed with three sections which participate in stoping together, and the stoping unit is triangular in side view; before stoping, constructing fan-shaped blast holes (27) in a first subsection, a second subsection, a third subsection cutting well connection roadway, a lower wall roadway and a rock drilling roadway at a row spacing of 1.2-1.5 m and a hole bottom spacing of 2 m; blasting 3-5 rows of middle holes each time during stoping, discharging only 30% of designed ore caving amount after blasting, and discharging a large amount of ore from four ore discharging points which are counted from the first subsection to the lower roadway of the third subsection and the front opening of the rock drilling roadway of the third subsection after blasting of the third subsection is finished, wherein the ore discharging sequence of the lower roadway of each subsection must follow a strict stoping sequence, only ore can be recovered from top to bottom, the ore is firstly shoveled out by electricity, and the ore is discharged from a vacant area by using a remote control forklift after being discharged out of the hole until the ore is completely recovered; then a large amount of ore is removed from the front opening of the third subsection rock drilling roadway, the ore is firstly removed by electric shovels, and the ore is removed in the dead zone by using a remote control forklift after emptying until the ore in the whole mining unit is completely recovered;

after ore recovery is finished, constructing a filling retaining wall from the communicated positions of the three subsection footwall lanes, the rock drilling lane and the goaf, sealing the whole goaf, carrying out tailing cemented filling, arranging a filling pipeline by using a filling middle section No. 1 filling lane during filling, wherein the filling ash-sand ratio is 1: 12 from the third subsection bottom plate along the section of 8 meters in the vertical height direction of the goaf, the ash-sand ratio of the rest part is 1: 8, and after filling is finished, maintaining the filling body for about 1 month, and then starting to stope an adjacent stope to enter the next mining and filling cycle;

the second part of the stoping unit is designed to be three subsections which participate in stoping together, the stoping unit is rectangular in side view, a first bottom ore removal transverse crossing (17) is constructed at the position, 4-6 m away from the No. 1 ore removal connecting channel (8) of the third subsection to the upward disk direction, and a second bottom ore removal transverse crossing (17) is constructed from the first bottom ore removal transverse crossing (17) to the upward disk direction by 4-6 m; before stoping, fan-shaped blast holes (27) are constructed in the first section No. 1 ore removal connecting channel (6), the second section No. 1 ore removal connecting channel (7), the third section No. 1 ore removal connecting channel (8) and each section rock drilling roadway, the row spacing is 1.2-1.5 meters, the hole bottom spacing is 2 meters, 3-5 rows of middle holes are blasted each time during stoping, after blasting, only 30% of designed ore caving amount is discharged, after the blasting of the third section such as other ore amount is finished, a large amount of ore is discharged from four ore discharging points which are counted by the third section rock drilling roadway (21), the bottom ore removal cross-pass (17) and the third section No. 1 ore removal connecting channel (8), the ore is firstly shoveled by electricity, and after emptying, a remote control forklift is used for ore discharging in a dead zone until the ore in the whole stoping unit is completely recovered;

after ore recovery is finished, constructing a filling retaining wall from a position where a first subsection rock drilling roadway (24), a second subsection rock drilling roadway (25) and a third subsection rock drilling roadway (21) are communicated, a bottom ore removal cross way (17) of the third subsection and an ore removal connecting channel No. 1 and a goaf are communicated, sealing the whole goaf, carrying out tailing cemented filling, arranging a filling pipeline by using a filling middle section No. 2 filling roadway during filling, wherein the filling ash-sand ratio is 1: 12 from a third subsection bottom plate along the vertical height direction of the goaf at a section of 8m, the remaining part of the ash-sand ratio is 1: 8, and after filling is finished, maintaining a filling body for about 1 month, namely, beginning to stope an adjacent ore room and entering the next mining and filling cycle;

the third part of the stoping unit is designed into two sections, namely a second section and a third section participate in stoping, the stoping unit is rectangular in side view, and a third part of bottom ore removal transverse crossing (18) is constructed at a position 4-6 m away from a No. 2 ore removal connecting channel (10) of the third section in the direction of an upper tray; before stoping, fan-shaped blast holes (27) are constructed in the second subsection No. 2 ore removal connecting channel (9), the third subsection No. 2 ore removal connecting channel (10) and the second subsection rock drilling channel and the third subsection rock drilling channel, the row spacing is 1.2-1.5 meters, the hole bottom spacing is 2 meters, when stoping, 3-5 row middle holes are blasted each time, after blasting, only 30% of designed ore caving amount is discharged, after blasting of the third subsection such as other ore amount and the like, ore removal crossing (18) from the third subsection rock drilling channel (21), the bottom ore removal of the third part and the third subsection No. 2 ore removal connecting channel (10) are counted, a large amount of ore removal is started, ore is firstly shoveled by electricity, and after emptying, ore removal is carried out in the dead zone by using a remote control shovel until the ore in the whole stoping unit is recovered completely;

after ore recovery is finished, constructing a filling retaining wall from the positions of a second subsection rock drilling roadway (25), a third subsection rock drilling roadway (21), a third part of bottom ore removal transverse direction (18) and the position where a No. 2 ore removal connecting channel is communicated with a goaf, sealing the whole goaf, carrying out tailing cemented filling, arranging a filling pipeline by using a first subsection No. 2 ore removal connecting channel (11) during filling, wherein the filling ash-sand ratio is 1: 12 from a third subsection bottom plate along the vertical height direction of the goaf along the 8m section, the remaining part of the filling ash-sand ratio is 1: 8, and after filling is finished, maintaining the filling body for about 1 month, namely, beginning to stope an adjacent ore room and entering the next mining and filling cycle;

2. The method for ore removal subsequent filling mining of the flat-bottomed structure in the sectional rock drilling stage according to claim 1, wherein: the height of the middle section of the ore body is 42-57 m, the height of each section is 11-18 m, the height of each section of the first section is 14-18 m, and the height of each section of the second section and the third section is 11-15 m; the height of the bottom column is 6-9 m.

3. The method for ore removal subsequent filling mining of the flat-bottomed structure in the sectional rock drilling stage according to claim 1, wherein: the width of the chamber is 10-13 m, the width of the stud is 8-12 m, and the total length is 48-64 m.

4. The method for ore removal subsequent filling mining of the flat-bottomed structure in the sectional rock drilling stage according to claim 1, wherein: and the third subsection hanging wall lane (14) is arranged at a position which is 10-15 m away from the hanging wall boundary of the third part of the recovery unit of the third subsection.

5. The method for ore removal subsequent filling mining of the flat-bottomed structure in the sectional rock drilling stage according to claim 1, wherein: the length of the first section cutting well connecting roadway (35) is 8-12 meters; the length of the second subsection cutting well connecting lane (47) is 11-17 m; the third subsection cutting well connecting lane (34) is 11-17 meters in length.

6. The method for ore removal subsequent filling mining of the flat-bottomed structure in the sectional rock drilling stage according to claim 1, wherein: the mining contact channel (6) of the first section No. 1, the mining contact channel (7) of the second section No. 1 and the mining contact channel (8) of the third section No. 1 are respectively 5-7 m away from the boundary of the first part of the recovery unit towards the upper disc.

7. The method for ore removal subsequent filling mining of the flat-bottomed structure in the sectional rock drilling stage according to claim 1, wherein: and the ore removal connecting channel 2 of the second section and the ore removal connecting channel 2 of the third section (9) and the ore removal connecting channel 2 of the third section are respectively 5-7 m away from the boundary of the second part of the mining units towards the upper disc.

8. The method for ore removal subsequent filling mining of the flat-bottomed structure in the sectional rock drilling stage according to claim 1, wherein: the first part of the extraction units are 36-48 m high, 30-50 m long and 12-13 m wide.

9. The method for ore removal subsequent filling mining of the flat-bottomed structure in the sectional rock drilling stage according to claim 1, wherein: the second part of the recovery units are 36-48 m high, 30-50 m long and 12-13 m wide.

10. The method for ore removal subsequent filling mining of the flat-bottomed structure in the sectional rock drilling stage according to claim 1, wherein: the third part of the extraction units have the height of 22-30 m, the length of 25-35 m and the width of 12-13 m.