CN112879084B - Method for forming tailing underground storage system - Google Patents
Method for forming tailing underground storage system Download PDFInfo
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- CN112879084B CN112879084B CN202110063309.5A CN202110063309A CN112879084B CN 112879084 B CN112879084 B CN 112879084B CN 202110063309 A CN202110063309 A CN 202110063309A CN 112879084 B CN112879084 B CN 112879084B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F15/00—Methods or devices for placing filling-up materials in underground workings
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F17/00—Methods or devices for use in mines or tunnels, not covered elsewhere
- E21F17/16—Modification of mine passages or chambers for storage purposes, especially for liquids or gases
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for forming a tailing underground storage system, which is characterized in that a panel area is divided along the direction of a rock stratum with stable surrounding rocks of a lower plate of a middle section under the underground first mining, panel interval columns are arranged among the panel areas, stopes are divided in the panel area, isolation interval columns are arranged among the stopes, stopes are stoped by adopting a large-diameter deep hole stage empty field method, a dead zone formed after ore removal of a single stope is a storage unit, all the storage units form a tailing storage space, and grouting curtains, water collecting and draining engineering are formed around the tailing storage space in a construction mode, so that the ore dressing tailing underground storage system is formed. The method for forming the tailing underground storage system has the advantages of high construction speed, low cost and high efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of underground mining, and relates to a method for forming a tailing underground storage system, which is particularly suitable for processing mineral separation tailings by mine enterprises with high tailing yield and short tailing warehouse capacity.
Background
The beneficiation tailing is a solid waste product remained after extracting target beneficial components in a beneficiation operation link, the yield of the beneficiation tailing is usually far greater than that of the target beneficial components, particularly for non-ferrous metal mines, the yield of the beneficiation tailing is usually over 90%, and how to treat the beneficiation tailing with low cost and high efficiency and utilize the beneficiation tailing is a technical problem facing a mining industry interface all the time.
The most common treatment method of mineral dressing tailings at present is used for filling an underground goaf, namely, after ores are mined and lifted to the ground surface, tailings generated by mineral dressing are refilled into the underground goaf, so that multiple purposes of goaf treatment and ground pressure management, tailing treatment and consumption and the like are achieved. However, in addition to a few ore types with high concentrate yield similar to iron ore and the like, the underground filling of the tailings cannot completely consume and dispose all the tailings, and in recent years, a new direction similar to the formation of tailings into building materials is developed, but the new direction is limited by the market scale and the acceptance degree of consumers, and the treatment and consumption of the tailings are still not large, so that a tailings pond needs to be built on the ground surface to accumulate redundant tailings. The stockpiling of tailings on the surface can lead to a number of economic, safety and environmental concerns. Firstly, a large amount of surface land is required to build a tailing pond when the tailing is piled up on the surface, so that the investment cost is high and the cost is high; meanwhile, the risk of dam break also exists in the stacking of the surface tailing pond, huge potential safety hazards are brought to local people, and multiple dam break events of the tailing pond have occurred at home and abroad. Therefore, how to treat the mill tailings becomes one of the common problems faced by all mine enterprises at present.
Therefore, the invention provides a method for forming a tailing underground storage system, and aims to solve the problem that a mine enterprise is lack of or short in ore dressing tailing discharge treatment site.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a method for forming a tailing underground storage system, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
a, arranging a tailing underground storage system in a rock stratum with stable surrounding rocks of a lower disc of a first underground mining middle section and outside a rock movement range during the recovery of the lower middle section, dividing panels in the rock stratum along the trend, arranging panel interval columns among the panels, dividing stopes in the panels, and arranging isolation interval columns among the stopes;
b, tunneling upper panel area connecting channels from an upper middle section transportation return air channel to a lower panel direction, wherein the upper panel area connecting channels are located on a central axis of each panel area column, the other ends of the upper panel area connecting channels are communicated through an upper vein-following grouting channel, the storage unit connecting channels are tunneled from the upper panel area connecting channels to two sides of a stope, then, the storage unit connecting channels are expanded and brushed on the upper part of the stope to form a rock drilling chamber, and strip columns or point columns are reserved in the rock drilling chamber;
c, tunneling lower panel area connecting lanes from a middle section transportation lane of the first mining middle section to a lower panel direction, wherein the lower panel area connecting lanes are located on a central axis of each panel area column, tunneling vein-following transportation lanes to be communicated with adjacent lower panel area connecting lanes in an isolation column, each two adjacent stopes share one vein-following transportation lane, and constructing ore removal access roads and bottom drawing lanes from the vein-following transportation lanes to the stopes on two sides;
d, downwards tunneling an interconnection slope way from a middle section transportation lane of the first mining middle section, descending the elevation of the interconnection slope way from the elevation of the first mining middle section by 10-12m, and then tunneling a lower vein-following grouting lane along the trend direction of the ore body, wherein the lower vein-following grouting lane is positioned under an upper middle section transportation return air lane and close to one side of the ore body;
e, constructing a downward large-diameter deep hole in the rock drilling chamber by using a down-the-hole drill, stoping the stope by using a large-diameter deep hole stage open stope method, shoveling out the collapsed rocks of the stope from the ore removal route by using a scraper, loading and transporting the rocks, wherein a dead zone formed after the ore removal of the rocks of a single stope is a storage unit, and all the storage units form a tailing storage space;
f, laying a sand inlet pipe in the upper and middle section transportation air return roadway, laying a sand inlet branch pipe in the upper panel area connecting roadway, laying a temporary sand inlet pipe in the storage unit connecting roadway, and respectively connecting the sand inlet pipe with the sand inlet branch pipe and the sand inlet branch pipe with the temporary sand inlet pipe by adopting a three-way valve; vertical dewatering pipes are arranged on two sides of the storage unit, and the bottoms of the dewatering pipes are communicated with a main drainage pipe network in a ore removal route, a lower panel area communication channel and a middle section transportation lane; constructing a panel water sump at one side of a lower vein grouting lane, constructing an interconnection patio communicated with a middle section transportation lane at one side of the panel water sump, arranging a water pump and a drain pipe in the panel water sump, and connecting the drain pipe into a main drain pipe network through the interconnection patio;
step g, constructing vertical grouting holes in an upper vein-following grouting lane, an upper middle section transportation return airway and an upper panel area connecting lane on the outermost sides of two ends in the moving direction by using a down-the-hole drill, wherein the bottoms of the grouting holes exceed the bottom plate of the lower vein-following grouting lane by 1-2m in elevation, grouting by using a grouting pump, and forming a waterproof grouting curtain around the tailing storage space; then constructing a row of grouting holes on a bottom plate of the lower-part vein grouting roadway, enabling the bottoms of the grouting holes to exceed the side grouting curtain by 1-2m, grouting by adopting a grouting pump, and forming a waterproof grouting curtain at the bottom of the tailing storage space; then, a row of water collecting drill holes are constructed towards the lower disc direction at the waist line position of the lower vein grouting lane, and the distance from the hole bottoms of the water collecting drill holes to the side grouting curtain is 0.5-0.8 m.
Preferably, the length of the storage unit is 50-80m, the width of the storage unit is 15-20m, the column width of the disc interval is 12-15m, and the column width of the isolation interval is 8-10 m.
Furthermore, the upper panel connecting lanes are arranged in a 3-thousandth descending slope from the upper middle section transportation return airway to the other side, and the lower panel connecting lanes are arranged in a 3-thousandth ascending slope from the middle section transportation airway to the other side; the upper vein-following grouting lane and the lower vein-following grouting lane are parallel to each other, four end points of the upper vein-following grouting lane and the lower vein-following grouting lane are connected to form a rectangle, the lower vein-following grouting lane is arranged in a downhill mode of-3 per mill towards the underground central water sump, and a water ditch is arranged on one side of the side-by-side grouting curtain.
Preferably, the cross sections of the upper disc area connecting passage, the lower disc area connecting passage, the storage unit connecting passage and the ore removal route are in a three-star arch shape, and the cross section specification is 3.0m multiplied by 2.8m to 4.2m multiplied by 4.0 m; the height of the rock drilling chamber is 3.8-4m, and the width is determined according to the stability of a rock body.
Further, in the step e, the aperture of the large-diameter deep hole is 110-165mm, segmented lateral differential blasting is adopted during stope stoping, and side holes on two sides of the stope are encrypted and presplitting blasting is adopted.
Further, in the step e, the stope caving rock is transported to the ground surface and then used as a building material for further processing and manufacturing.
Preferably, in the step g, the aperture of the grouting hole is greater than or equal to 76mm, the hole pitch is 2.5-3m, and the grouting pressure is greater than 6 MPa; the aperture of the water collecting drill hole is 60-90mm, and the hole distance is 4-6 m.
Advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art and the method, the method for forming the tailing underground storage system has the following beneficial effects: the tailing underground storage space can be quickly formed by adopting a staged large-diameter open-field subsequent filling method in the lower wall stable surrounding rock of the underground first-mining middle section, and meanwhile, the cost is low and the efficiency is high; adopt slip casting curtain to form the water barrier around the tailings storage space and bottom, can effectively prevent the toxic harmful substance seepage in the tailings, safety ring protects.
Drawings
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a method of forming a tailings downhole storage system provided by the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view A-A of a method of forming a tailings downhole storage system provided by the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view B-B of a method of forming a tailings downhole storage system provided by the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a C-C cross-sectional view of a method of forming a downhole tailings storage system according to the present invention;
in the figure: 1-upper middle section transportation air return lane; 2-upper panel contact lane; 3-storage unit contact channel; 4-disc compartment columns; 5-isolating the studs; 6-a storage unit; 7-upper vein-following grouting lane; 8-middle section transportation lane; 9-lower extent contact lane; 10-vein-following transportation lane; 11-a bottom-drawing roadway; 12-ore removal and access; 13-communicating the ramp; 14-lower vein grouting lane; 15-grouting curtain; 16-water catchment drilling.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is to be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments; all other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the present invention without any inventive step, are within the scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a method for forming a tailing underground storage system, which comprises the following steps:
step a, arranging an ore dressing tailing underground storage system in a rock stratum with stable surrounding rocks of a lower disc of an underground first mining middle section and outside a rock movement range during the extraction of the lower middle section, dividing a panel area in the rock stratum along the trend, arranging panel interval columns 4 in the panel area, dividing a stope in the panel area, forming a storage unit 6 after the extraction and ore removal of the stope are finished, and arranging isolation interval columns 5 between the stopes; the length of the storage unit 6 is 50-80m, the width is 15-20m, the width of the disc interval column 4 is 12-15m, and the width of the isolation interval column 5 is 8-10 m.
B, tunneling an upper panel area connecting channel 2 from the upper middle section transportation return air channel 1 to the lower panel direction, wherein the upper panel area connecting channel 2 is located on the central axis of each panel area interval column 4, the other end of the upper panel area connecting channel 2 is communicated by adopting an upper vein grouting 7 channel, tunneling a storage unit 6 connecting channel 3 from the upper panel area connecting channel 2 to the stopes on two sides, then expanding and brushing the storage unit 6 connecting channel 3 on the upper part of the stope to form a rock drilling chamber, and reserving a strip column or a point column in the rock drilling chamber; the cross sections of the upper disc area connecting channel 2, the lower disc area connecting channel, the storage unit 6 connecting channel 3 and the ore removal route are in a three-star arch shape, and the cross section specification is 3.0m multiplied by 2.8m to 4.2m multiplied by 4.0 m; the height of the rock drilling chamber is 3.8-4m, and the width is determined according to the stability of a rock body.
C, tunneling a lower panel area connecting channel 9 from a middle section transport lane 8 of the first mining middle section to the lower panel direction, wherein the lower panel area connecting channel 9 is positioned on the central axis of each panel interval column 4, tunneling a vein-following transport lane to connect adjacent lower panel area connecting channels 9 in an isolation interval column 5, wherein every two adjacent stopes share one vein-following transport lane 10, and constructing an ore discharge approach 12 and a bottom drawing lane 11 from the vein-following transport lane 10 to the stopes on two sides; the upper panel connecting channel 2 is arranged at a 3-thousandth descending slope from an upper middle section transportation air return lane to the other side, and the lower panel connecting channel 9 is arranged at a 3-thousandth ascending slope from a middle section transportation lane 8 to the other side; the upper vein-following grouting lane 7 and the lower vein-following grouting lane are parallel to each other, four end points of the upper vein-following grouting lane and the lower vein-following grouting lane are connected to form a rectangle, the lower vein-following grouting lane is arranged in a downhill mode of-3 per mill towards the underground central water sump, and a water ditch is arranged on one side of the edgewise grouting curtain.
And d, downwards tunneling an interconnection slope way 13 from the middle section transportation lane 8 of the first mining middle section, descending the elevation of the interconnection slope way 13 from the elevation of the first mining middle section by 10-12m, and then tunneling a lower vein-following grouting lane 14 along the trend direction of the ore body, wherein the lower vein-following grouting lane 14 is positioned under the upper middle section transportation return air lane 1 and close to the ore body side.
E, constructing a downward large-diameter deep hole in the rock drilling chamber by using a down-the-hole drill, stoping the stope by using a large-diameter deep hole stage open stope method, shoveling out the collapsed rocks of the stope from the ore removal access 12 by using a scraper, loading and transporting the rocks, wherein a dead zone formed after ore removal of the rocks of a single stope is a storage unit 6, and all the storage units 6 form a tailing storage space; the aperture of the large-diameter deep hole is 110-165mm, segmented lateral differential blasting is adopted during stope stoping, and side holes on two sides of the stope are encrypted and presplitting blasting is adopted. And conveying the collapsed rocks of the stope to the ground surface and further processing and manufacturing the rocks serving as building materials.
F, paving a sand inlet pipe in the upper and middle section transportation return airway, paving a sand inlet branch pipe in the upper panel area connecting channel 2, paving a temporary sand inlet pipe in the storage unit 6 connecting channel 3, and respectively connecting the sand inlet pipe with the sand inlet branch pipe and the sand inlet branch pipe with the temporary sand inlet pipe by adopting a three-way valve; vertical dewatering pipes are arranged on two sides of the storage unit 6, and the bottoms of the dewatering pipes are communicated with a main drainage pipe network in a ore removal route 12, a lower panel area communication channel 9 and a middle section transportation lane 8; the water sump is distinguished in the construction of lower part along arteries and veins slip casting lane one side, and in the water sump of region one side construction contact courtyard UNICOM middle section transport lane 8 sets up water pump and drain pipe in the water sump of region, the drain pipe is through in the contact courtyard inserts main drainage pipe network.
Step g, constructing vertical grouting holes in an upper vein-following grouting 7 lane, an upper middle section transportation return air lane 1 and an upper panel connecting lane 2 on the outermost side of two ends in the direction by using a down-the-hole drill, wherein the bottoms of the grouting holes exceed the bottom plate elevation of the lower vein-following grouting lane by 1-2m, grouting by using a grouting pump, and forming a waterproof grouting curtain 15 around the tailing storage space; then constructing a row of grouting holes on the bottom plate of the lower vein-following grouting lane 14, enabling the bottoms of the grouting holes to exceed the side grouting curtain 151-2m, grouting by adopting a grouting pump, and forming a waterproof grouting curtain 15 at the bottom of the tailing storage space; then, a row of water collecting drill holes 16 are constructed towards the lower disc direction at the position of the 14 waist line of the lower vein grouting lane, and the distance from the hole bottoms of the water collecting drill holes 16 to the side grouting curtain 15 is 0.5-0.8 m. The aperture of the grouting hole is more than or equal to 76mm, the hole distance is 2.5-3m, and the grouting pressure is more than 6 MPa; the aperture of the water collecting drill hole 16 is 60-90mm, and the hole distance is 4-6 m.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A method of forming a tailings downhole storage system, comprising the steps of:
a, arranging the tailing underground storage system in a rock stratum with stable surrounding rocks of a lower disc of an underground first mining middle section and outside a rock movement range during the stoping of the lower middle section, dividing panels in the rock stratum along the trend, arranging panel intervals among the panels, dividing stopes in the panels, and arranging isolation intervals among the stopes;
b, tunneling upper panel area connecting channels from an upper middle section transportation return air channel to a lower panel direction, wherein the upper panel area connecting channels are located on a central axis of each panel area column, the other ends of the upper panel area connecting channels are communicated through an upper vein-following grouting channel, the storage unit connecting channels are tunneled from the upper panel area connecting channels to two sides of a stope, then, the storage unit connecting channels are expanded and brushed on the upper part of the stope to form a rock drilling chamber, and strip columns or point columns are reserved in the rock drilling chamber;
c, tunneling lower panel area connecting lanes from a middle section transportation lane of the first mining middle section to a lower panel direction, wherein the lower panel area connecting lanes are located on a central axis of each panel area column, tunneling vein-following transportation lanes to be communicated with adjacent lower panel area connecting lanes in an isolation column, each two adjacent stopes share one vein-following transportation lane, and constructing ore removal access roads and bottom drawing lanes from the vein-following transportation lanes to the stopes on two sides;
d, downwards tunneling an interconnection slope way from a middle section transportation lane of the first mining middle section, descending the elevation of the interconnection slope way from the elevation of the first mining middle section by 10-12m, and then tunneling a lower vein-following grouting lane along the trend direction of the ore body, wherein the lower vein-following grouting lane is positioned under an upper middle section transportation return air lane and close to one side of the ore body;
e, constructing a downward large-diameter deep hole in the rock drilling chamber by using a down-the-hole drill, stoping the stope by using a large-diameter deep hole stage open stope method, shoveling out the collapsed rocks of the stope from the ore removal route by using a scraper, loading and transporting the rocks, wherein a dead zone formed after the ore removal of the rocks of a single stope is a storage unit, and all the storage units form a tailing storage space;
f, laying a sand inlet pipe in the upper and middle section transportation air return roadway, laying a sand inlet branch pipe in the upper panel area connecting roadway, laying a temporary sand inlet pipe in the storage unit connecting roadway, and respectively connecting the sand inlet pipe with the sand inlet branch pipe and the sand inlet branch pipe with the temporary sand inlet pipe by adopting a three-way valve; vertical dewatering pipes are arranged on two sides of the storage unit, and the bottoms of the dewatering pipes are communicated with a main drainage pipe network in a ore removal route, a lower panel area communication channel and a middle section transportation lane; constructing a panel water sump at one side of a lower vein grouting lane, constructing an interconnection patio communicated with a middle section transportation lane at one side of the panel water sump, arranging a water pump and a drain pipe in the panel water sump, and connecting the drain pipe into a main drain pipe network through the interconnection patio;
step g, constructing vertical grouting holes in an upper vein-following grouting lane, an upper middle section transportation return airway and an upper panel area connecting lane on the outermost sides of two ends in the moving direction by using a down-the-hole drill, wherein the bottoms of the grouting holes exceed the bottom plate of the lower vein-following grouting lane by 1-2m in elevation, grouting by using a grouting pump, and forming a waterproof grouting curtain around the tailing storage space; then constructing a row of grouting holes on a bottom plate of the lower-part vein grouting roadway, enabling the bottoms of the grouting holes to exceed the side grouting curtain by 1-2m, grouting by adopting a grouting pump, and forming a waterproof grouting curtain at the bottom of the tailing storage space; then, a row of water collecting drill holes are constructed towards the lower disc direction at the waist line position of the lower vein grouting lane, and the distance from the hole bottoms of the water collecting drill holes to the side grouting curtain is 0.5-0.8 m.
2. The method of forming a tailings downhole storage system of claim 1, wherein: the storage unit is 50-80m long and 15-20m wide, the column width between the disc regions is 12-15m, and the column width between the isolation regions is 8-10 m.
3. The method of forming a tailings downhole storage system of claim 1, wherein: the upper panel connecting lanes are arranged in a 3-thousandth descending slope from the upper middle section transportation air return lane to the other side, and the lower panel connecting lanes are arranged in a 3-thousandth ascending slope from the middle section transportation lane to the other side; the upper vein-following grouting lane and the lower vein-following grouting lane are parallel to each other, four end points of the upper vein-following grouting lane and the lower vein-following grouting lane are connected to form a rectangle, the lower vein-following grouting lane is arranged in a downhill mode of-3 per mill towards the underground central water sump, and a water ditch is arranged on one side of the side-by-side grouting curtain.
4. The method of forming a tailings downhole storage system of claim 1, wherein: the cross sections of the upper disc area connecting passage, the lower disc area connecting passage, the storage unit connecting passage and the ore removal route are shaped like a three-star arch, and the cross section specification is 3.0m multiplied by 2.8m-4.2m multiplied by 4.0 m; the height of the rock drilling chamber is 3.8-4m, and the width is determined according to the stability of a rock body.
5. The method of forming a tailings downhole storage system of claim 1, wherein: in the step e, the aperture of the large-diameter deep hole is 110-165mm, segmented lateral differential blasting is adopted during stope stoping, and side holes on two sides of the stope are encrypted and presplitting blasting is adopted.
6. The method of forming a tailings downhole storage system of claim 1, wherein: and in the step e, the stope caving rock is transported to the ground surface and then used as a building material for further processing and manufacturing.
7. The method of forming a tailings downhole storage system of claim 1, wherein: in the step g, the aperture of the grouting hole is more than or equal to 76mm, the hole pitch is 2.5-3m, and the grouting pressure is more than 6 MPa; the aperture of the water collecting drill hole is 60-90mm, and the hole distance is 4-6 m.
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| RU2002949C1 (en) * | 1990-11-11 | 1993-11-15 | Vorobev Aleksandr E | Method for selective impoundment of tailings |
| CN101328809B (en) * | 2008-06-25 | 2010-12-15 | 深圳市中金岭南有色金属股份有限公司凡口铅锌矿 | Non-bottom pillar deep hole falling-back type mining method |
| CN101818643B (en) * | 2010-05-18 | 2012-06-27 | 中南大学 | Stepped non-pillar continuous filling mining method for deep well super high large breaking ore body panel |
| CN102587916B (en) * | 2012-02-01 | 2015-11-25 | 金建工程设计有限公司 | A kind of ore caving afterwards filling mining methods |
| CN102619513B (en) * | 2012-03-26 | 2013-12-25 | 中南大学 | Room and pillar type medium-length hole filling mining method using bottom ore withdrawal structures simultaneously arranged in original rock |
| CN106121643B (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2018-08-14 | 湖北三鑫金铜股份有限公司 | Reserved two step nesting of retaining wall mine combines the method for mining by the way of filling |
| CN106567714A (en) * | 2016-11-09 | 2017-04-19 | 河北钢铁集团矿业有限公司 | Grouting material for underground mine roadway and grouting water control method |
| CN106761744B (en) * | 2017-02-21 | 2019-04-09 | 长沙矿山研究院有限责任公司 | Utricule reserves lane and actively connects top room-and-pillar method pillar recovery method |
| CN109458180B (en) * | 2018-09-17 | 2020-07-14 | 东北大学秦皇岛分校 | Mining method combined with underground warehouse construction and ventilation cooling system |
| CN110939443B (en) * | 2019-10-31 | 2023-06-30 | 甘肃省合作早子沟金矿有限责任公司 | Annular arrangement route mining method |
| CN111878162B (en) * | 2020-05-27 | 2023-05-09 | 中南大学 | Dredging and pollution discharging method for underground mine leakage filling mortar storage facility |
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