CN112976619A - Method for manufacturing imitated wood couplet horizontal inscribed board by recycling waste plastics - Google Patents
Method for manufacturing imitated wood couplet horizontal inscribed board by recycling waste plastics Download PDFInfo
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- CN112976619A CN112976619A CN202110212313.3A CN202110212313A CN112976619A CN 112976619 A CN112976619 A CN 112976619A CN 202110212313 A CN202110212313 A CN 202110212313A CN 112976619 A CN112976619 A CN 112976619A
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- couplet
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
- B29D7/00—Producing flat articles, e.g. films or sheets
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
- B29B17/04—Disintegrating plastics, e.g. by milling
- B29B17/0412—Disintegrating plastics, e.g. by milling to large particles, e.g. beads, granules, flakes, slices
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
- B29B2017/001—Pretreating the materials before recovery
- B29B2017/0015—Washing, rinsing
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/52—Mechanical processing of waste for the recovery of materials, e.g. crushing, shredding, separation or disassembly
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/62—Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preparing a wood-imitated couplet plaque by recycling waste plastics, which comprises the steps of recycling and mixing the waste plastics, carrying out primary rough washing, drying in the sun, carrying out secondary fine washing after crushing, carrying out centrifugal rolling drying, mixing a filler, a compatilizer, a flame retardant, an antioxidant and an ultraviolet resistant agent, carrying out hot-pressing plasticization, cold-pressing and shaping, processing the size of a substrate, processing a wood-imitated texture layer, carving characters and patterns, and adding a frame to prepare the wood-imitated couplet plaque, wherein various mixed waste plastics are effectively utilized, the difficulty of manual sorting is relieved, and harmful sewage and waste gas waste materials are not generated in the process; the processability of the plastic plate is improved, and the application range of the plastic plate is increased; but also has the advantages of corrosion resistance, moth-eaten resistance, no deformation, no cracking, long service cycle and reduction of natural resource consumption and environmental pollution. The plastic wood-like board is used for replacing wood to produce the couplet written on the scrolls and the artistic landscape of the couplet written on the scrolls is created, and the plastic wood-like board is used as a recycling method of waste plastic and has a certain demonstration effect on the development of environmental protection and cultural industry.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of solid waste resource utilization and handicraft decoration, in particular to a method for manufacturing a simulated wood couplet plaque by recycling waste plastics.
Background
The waste plastics generated in daily life of people have serious influence on the environment, effectively and comprehensively utilize the waste plastics, and have great significance for solving the environmental pollution caused by the waste plastics. At present, the methods for solving the problems of waste plastics include a landfill method, an incineration method, a chemical recovery method and a recovery regeneration method. The waste plastics treated by the landfill method cannot be reused, so that the resource waste is caused, and the waste plastics are not easy to degrade and seriously pollute land resources and underground water resources; the incineration method for treating the waste plastics can generate a large amount of harmful gases and seriously pollute the atmospheric environment; the chemical recovery method for treating the waste plastics has large construction investment and high treatment cost, and the emission in the process can cause secondary pollution to the environment; the existing waste plastic recycling and regenerating method produces different quality regenerated plastic products according to the plastic category through manual sorting, cleaning and crushing, material mixing and melting, extrusion and granulation, and has the advantages of simple process, low cost and less investment, but the waste plastics have various types, large impurity content, different colors and difficult manual sorting, the quality of the produced regenerated plastic products is too low, and the application range is limited.
The couplet written on the scrolls is a folk culture fine product, combines poetry, singeing, calligraphy carving and building art, integrates characters, printing, carving and colors, shapes a symbolic cultural landscape, is inseparable from the cultural life of people, and has folk culture and cultural heritage values. Nowadays, the couplet written on the scrolls of the albizzia chinensis can be seen in ancient buildings, houses and public places, wood is mostly used as a raw material, forest resource saving is not facilitated, the wooden couplet written on the scrolls of the albizzia chinensis is easy to deform, crack, fade and damage by worms, and the wooden couplet written on the scrolls of the albizzia chinensis is difficult to store in outdoor use.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for recycling waste plastics to prepare an imitated wood couplet plaque, so as to solve the background technical problems.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a method for manufacturing a simulated wood couplet inscribed board by recycling waste plastics comprises the following steps: and (4) recovering the waste plastics. The waste plastic is one or a mixture of a plurality of plastic products such as packaging bags, agricultural mulching films, disposable tableware, plastic bottles and the like made of high molecular compounds such as polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polypropylene, polystyrene and the like, and a small amount or a large amount of impurities exist, wherein the impurities comprise residues, oil stains, soil, other non-plastic materials and the like.
Step two: and (3) putting the waste plastic recovered in the step one into a cleaning pool for first stirring and cleaning, removing residues, soil, oil stains, larger solid impurities and the like attached to the waste plastic, salvaging the waste plastic after rough cleaning, and spreading the waste plastic on a drying yard for natural drying to obtain the pretreatment material.
Step three: and (4) putting the pretreated material obtained in the step two into a crusher for crushing, wherein the grain diameter of the output waste plastic particles is 2-10 mm.
Step four: and (3) putting the waste plastic particles output in the third step into a filter tank for secondary filtering and cleaning, removing solid particle impurities such as mixed small stones, metal chips and the like, putting the filtered and finely cleaned waste plastic particles into a centrifugal dryer for rolling drying to obtain pretreated dry particles, wherein the temperature is set to be 90-110 ℃, the rotating speed is set to be 500-800 rpm, and the time is set to be 10-20 min.
Step five: and D, mixing the pretreated dry particles obtained in the fifth step with the filling material, the compatilizer, the flame retardant, the antioxidant and the ultraviolet resistant agent, adding the mixture into a high-speed stirrer, and mixing and stirring to obtain a mixture, wherein the rotating speed is set to be 800-1000 rpm. The filler is calcium carbonate powder (not less than 400 meshes) and wood powder (not less than 40 meshes), the compatilizer is one of maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene and maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene, the flame retardant is one of antimony trioxide, magnesium hydroxide and aluminum hydroxide, the antioxidant is a general plastic antioxidant, and the ultraviolet resistant agent is a general plastic ultraviolet resistant agent.
Step six: and putting the mixture obtained in the fifth step into a die frame of a hot press for hot pressing plasticization, wherein the length of the die frame is 2000-4000 mm, the width of the die frame is 1000-1200 mm, the thickness of the die frame is 40-50 mm, the number of layers is 1-12, the unit surface pressure is set to be 2kgf/cm2-4kgf/cm2, the temperature is set to be 150-250 ℃, and the time is set to be 30-50 min.
Step seven: and (3) moving the die frame subjected to hot-pressing plasticization in the sixth step into a water-cooled hydraulic press for cold pressing and shaping, wherein the unit surface pressure is set to be 2kgf/cm2-3kgf/cm2, the temperature is set to be 20-50 ℃, and the time is set to be 40-60 min.
Step eight: and (5) carrying out air drying, fine cutting, thicknessing and polishing on the plate subjected to cold pressing and shaping in the seventh step to obtain the pretreated couplet written on the scrolls substrate with fixed size.
Step nine: and e, carrying out wood-like texture layer treatment on the pretreated plastic board obtained in the step eight, wherein the wood-like texture layer treatment is one or more of veneer covering, vacuum plastic suction coating and paint spraying, and thus obtaining the pretreated wood-like couplet inscribed board panel with different surface textures.
Step ten: and finally, carving the pre-selected, designed and corrected character patterns and the like on the pre-processed imitation wood couplet inscribed board panel obtained in the ninth step in one or more of intaglio engraving, positive engraving and character stacking, and performing gold tracing and gold pasting treatment on the carved character patterns to obtain an imitation wood couplet inscribed board finished product or semi-finished product.
Step eleven: and (4) performing frame additional processing on the semi-finished product of the imitated wood couplet inscribed board obtained in the step ten to obtain the imitated wood couplet inscribed board finished product with different appearances, wherein the frame can be prepared by the steps one to ten, and is used for carving various dragon and phoenix patterns, flowers and patterns, and artistic techniques such as color painting, relief sculpture, engraving, openwork carving and the like.
Preferably, an aeration device is arranged in the cleaning pool in the second step, and a draining rack is arranged on the cleaning pool.
Preferably, the crushed waste plastic particles in the third step can be sieved to primarily filter impurities.
Preferably, the mixture obtained in the fifth step is mixed with 60-80% of waste plastic dry particles, 5% of calcium carbonate powder, 10-30% of wood powder filling material, 1.5-2% of compatilizer, 1.5-2% of flame retardant, 0.5-1% of antioxidant and 0.5-1% of ultraviolet resistant agent according to weight percentage.
Preferably, in the step nine, a vacuum plastic-absorbing film coating machine is adopted, a manual spray gun is used for spraying glue to adhere a layer of diaphragm on the surface of the substrate of the couplet written on the scrolls, the vacuum negative pressure of the vacuum plastic-absorbing film coating machine is set to be-0.09 Mpa, the vacuumizing time is set to be 30s, the positive pressure is set to be 0.2Mpa, the time is set to be 3min, the diaphragm is a PVC wood grain plastic-absorbing film, the thickness is 0.2mm, the softening temperature of the diaphragm is set to be 130 ℃, the glue used for spraying the glue is aqueous polyurethane glue, the plane glue spraying amount is 60g/m2, and the outline plane glue spraying amount is 80g/m 2.
And ninthly, coating the veneer with glue by adopting a manual roller, coating the glue, splicing the veneer, and cold-pressing the glue, wherein a layer of veneer is adhered to the surface of the substrate of the couplet of the scrolls, the surface pressure of the cold-pressing unit is set to be 0.3kgf/cm2, the time is set to be 3 hours, the veneer is a natural solid wood veneer, the thickness is 0.3mm, the glue used for gluing is polyvinyl acetate adhesive, and the planar glue application amount is 100g/m 2.
Step nine, spraying paint, namely polishing a substrate by using No. 240 sand paper, cleaning ash and brushing a primer (the spraying amount is 90g/m2, the drying time is 2h) -polishing the primer layer by using No. 400 sand paper, cleaning ash and spraying a first finish paint (the spraying amount is 120g/m2, the drying time is 3h) -polishing a finish paint layer by using No. 800 sand paper, cleaning ash and spraying a second finish paint (the spraying amount is 100g/m2, and the drying time is 3h), so as to obtain the pretreated ceiling board panel, wherein the primer is a mixed paint of PU transparent primer, a curing agent and a diluent, the blending ratio is 2: 1: 0.8, the first finish paint is a mixed paint of PU transparent matte finish paint, a curing agent, a diluent and a coloring agent, the blending ratio is 2: 1: 1.2: 0.1, and the second finish paint is a mixed paint of PU transparent glossy finish paint, a curing agent and a diluent, and the blending ratio is 2: 1: 1.2.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: various mixed waste plastics are effectively utilized, the difficulty of manual sorting is relieved, and harmful sewage and waste gas and waste materials are not generated in the process; the processability of the plastic plate is improved, the surface layer is treated to obtain different surface textures, and the application surface of the plastic plate is increased; the filling proportion of the waste plastics is increased, so that the recycling rate of the waste plastics can be improved; the plastic wood-like board processed by the waste plastics has the characteristics of natural wood, is corrosion-resistant, moth-proof, non-deformable, non-cracking, long in service cycle, and reduces the consumption of natural resources and environmental pollution; the plastic wood-like board is used for replacing wood to produce the couplet inscribed board, the artistic landscape of the couplet inscribed board is created, the process is simple, the investment is low, the yield is high, the requirement on mechanical property is low, the art culture field is effectively applied, the potential value of the plastic wood-like board is fully explored, various artistic packages are endowed, the plastic wood-like board serves as a resource recycling means of waste plastics, the novel material using mode of the plastic wood-like board accords with the industrial policy of recycling, and the plastic wood-like board has a certain demonstration effect on the development of environmental protection and culture industries.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The method comprises the following steps: and (4) recovering the waste plastics. The waste plastic is one or a mixture of a plurality of plastic products such as packaging bags, agricultural mulching films, disposable tableware, plastic bottles and the like made of high molecular compounds such as polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polypropylene, polystyrene and the like, and a small amount or a large amount of impurities exist, wherein the impurities comprise residues, oil stains, soil, other non-plastic materials and the like.
Step two: rough washing and drying the material for the first time. And (3) putting the waste plastic recovered in the step one into a cleaning pool for first stirring and cleaning, removing residues, soil, oil stains, larger solid impurities and the like attached to the waste plastic, salvaging the waste plastic after rough cleaning, and spreading the waste plastic on a drying yard for natural drying to obtain the pretreatment material.
Step three: and (4) crushing. And (4) putting the pretreated material obtained in the step two into a crusher for crushing, wherein the grain diameter of the output waste plastic particles is 10 mm.
Step four: and (5) performing secondary fine washing and drying. And (3) putting the waste plastic particles output in the third step into a filter tank for secondary filtering and cleaning, removing solid particle impurities such as mixed small stones and metal chips, putting the waste plastic particles after filtering and fine cleaning into a centrifugal dryer for rolling drying to obtain pretreated dry particles, wherein the temperature is set to be 110 ℃, the rotating speed is set to be 500rpm, and the time is set to be 20 min.
Step five: and (3) mixing materials. And D, mixing 80% of the waste plastic dry particles obtained in the step five, 5% of calcium carbonate powder, 10% of wood powder filling material, 1.5% of compatilizer, 1.5% of flame retardant, 1% of antioxidant and 1% of ultraviolet resistant agent according to the weight percentage, adding the mixture into a high-speed mixer, mixing and stirring to obtain a mixture, and setting the rotating speed to be 800 rpm. The filler calcium carbonate powder (not less than 400 meshes) and the wood powder (not less than 40 meshes) are filled, the compatilizer is one of maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene and maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene, the flame retardant is one of antimony trioxide, magnesium hydroxide and aluminum hydroxide, the antioxidant is a general plastic antioxidant, and the ultraviolet resistant agent is a general plastic ultraviolet resistant agent.
Step six: and (4) hot-pressing and plasticizing. And (4) putting the mixture obtained in the fifth step into a die frame of a hot press for hot pressing plasticization, wherein the length of the die frame is 2000mm, the width of the die frame is 1000mm, the thickness of the die frame is 40mm, the number of layers is 12, the unit surface pressure is set to be 2kgf/cm2, the temperature is set to be 220 ℃, and the time is set to be 30 min.
Step seven: and (5) cold pressing and shaping. And (4) moving the die frame subjected to hot-pressing plasticization in the step six into a water-cooled hydraulic press for cold pressing and shaping, wherein the unit surface pressure is set to be 2kgf/cm2, the temperature is set to be 30 ℃, and the time is set to be 40 min.
Step eight: and (5) size processing. And (4) carrying out air drying, fine cutting, thicknessing and grinding on the plate subjected to cold pressing and shaping in the seventh step to obtain the pretreated couplet written on the scrolls with the size of 2000mm multiplied by 300mm multiplied by 40mm (length multiplied by width multiplied by thickness).
Step nine: and (6) engraving. And e, carving characters and patterns which are selected, designed and corrected in advance on the pretreated plastic plate obtained in the step eight in a mode of one or more of intaglio engraving, anodic engraving and character stacking to obtain the pretreated couplet written on the scrolls.
Step ten: vacuum plastic sucking and film covering. Placing the pretreated couplet pillar panel obtained in the step eight into a vacuum plastic suction film covering machine, spraying glue by using a manual spray gun, vacuum plastic suction film covering, pasting a layer of membrane on the surface of the carved couplet pillar panel, carrying out gold drawing and gold pasting treatment on concave or convex font patterns after the membrane is cooled, trimming and finishing to obtain a simulated wood couplet finished product or a semi-finished product, wherein the vacuum negative pressure of the vacuum plastic suction film covering machine is set to be-0.09 Mpa, the vacuumizing time is set to be 30s, the positive pressure is set to be 0.2Mpa, the time is set to be 3min, the membrane is a PVC wood grain plastic suction film, the thickness is 0.2mm, the softening temperature of the membrane is set to be 130 ℃, the glue used for glue spraying is aqueous polyurethane glue, the plane glue spraying amount is 60g/m2, and the outline surface glue spraying amount is 80 g.
Step eleven: and (5) additionally arranging a frame. And (3) performing frame adding treatment on the semi-finished product of the imitated wood couplet obtained in the step ten to obtain an imitated wood couplet finished product with different appearances, wherein the frame can be prepared in the steps one to ten, the sizes and the number are (length, width, thickness and the number) 2000mm, multiplied by 50mm, multiplied by 15mm, multiplied by 2, 300mm, multiplied by 50mm, multiplied by 15mm, multiplied by 2, various dragon and phoenix patterns, flowers and patterns are carved and decorated, and the artistic method is relief.
Example 2
The method comprises the following steps: and (4) recovering the waste plastics. The waste plastic is one or a mixture of a plurality of plastic products such as packaging bags, agricultural mulching films, disposable tableware, plastic bottles and the like made of high molecular compounds such as polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polypropylene, polystyrene and the like, and a small amount or a large amount of impurities exist, wherein the impurities comprise residues, oil stains, soil, other non-plastic materials and the like.
Step two: rough washing and drying the material for the first time. And (3) putting the waste plastic recovered in the step one into a cleaning pool for first stirring and cleaning, removing residues, soil, oil stains, larger solid impurities and the like attached to the waste plastic, salvaging the waste plastic after rough cleaning, and spreading the waste plastic on a drying yard for natural drying to obtain the pretreatment material.
Step three: and (4) crushing. And (4) putting the pretreated material obtained in the step two into a crusher for crushing, wherein the grain diameter of the output waste plastic particles is 2 mm.
Step four: and (5) performing secondary fine washing and drying. And (3) putting the waste plastic particles output in the third step into a filter tank for secondary filtering and cleaning, removing solid particle impurities such as mixed small stones and metal chips, putting the waste plastic particles after filtering and fine cleaning into a centrifugal dryer for rolling drying to obtain pretreated dry particles, wherein the temperature is set to be 90 ℃, the rotating speed is set to be 800rpm, and the time is set to be 10 min.
Step five: and (3) mixing materials. And D, mixing 60% of the waste plastic dry particles obtained in the step five, 5% of calcium carbonate powder, 30% of wood powder filling material, 2% of compatilizer, 2% of flame retardant, 0.5% of antioxidant and 0.5% of ultraviolet resistant agent according to the weight percentage, adding the mixture into a high-speed mixer, mixing and stirring to obtain a mixture, and setting the rotating speed to be 1000 rpm. The filler calcium carbonate powder (not less than 400 meshes) and the wood powder (not less than 40 meshes) are filled, the compatilizer is one of maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene and maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene, the flame retardant is one of antimony trioxide, magnesium hydroxide and aluminum hydroxide, the antioxidant is a general plastic antioxidant, and the ultraviolet resistant agent is a general plastic ultraviolet resistant agent.
Step six: and (4) hot-pressing and plasticizing. And (4) putting the mixture obtained in the fifth step into a die frame of a hot press for hot pressing plasticization, wherein the length of the die frame is 4000mm, the width of the die frame is 1200mm, the thickness of the die frame is 50mm, the number of layers is 6, the unit surface pressure is set to be 4kgf/cm2, the temperature is set to be 250 ℃, and the time is set to be 50 min.
Step seven: and (5) cold pressing and shaping. And (4) moving the die frame subjected to hot-pressing plasticization in the step six into a water-cooled hydraulic press for cold pressing and shaping, wherein the unit surface pressure is set to be 3kgf/cm2, the temperature is set to be 30 ℃, and the time is set to be 60 min.
Step eight: and (5) size processing. And (4) carrying out air drying, fine cutting, thicknessing and grinding on the plate subjected to cold pressing and shaping in the seventh step to obtain the pretreated couplet written on the scrolls base with the size of 3600mm multiplied by 500mm multiplied by 50mm (length multiplied by width multiplied by thickness).
Step nine: covering the veneer with a surface. Putting the pretreated couplet written on the scrolls in a hydraulic press, performing manual roller gluing, veneering and splicing, cold pressing and glue fixing, pasting a layer of wood veneer on the surface of the plastic plate, trimming and finishing to obtain the pretreated imitated couplet written on the scrolls, wherein the unit surface pressure of the hydraulic press is set to be 0.3kgf/cm2, the time is set to be 3 hours, the wood veneer is a natural solid wood surface veneer, the thickness is 0.3mm, the glue used for gluing is a polyvinyl acetate adhesive, and the plane gluing amount is 100g/m 2.
Step ten: and (5) spraying paint. And (3) polishing the base layer with 240# abrasive paper, cleaning and brushing primer (the spraying amount is 90g/m2, the drying time is 2h) -polishing the primer layer with 400# abrasive paper, cleaning and spraying the first finish paint (the spraying amount is 120g/m2, the drying time is 3h) -polishing the finish paint layer with 800# abrasive paper, cleaning and spraying the second finish paint (the spraying amount is 100g/m2, and the drying time is 3h) to obtain the pretreated wood-imitated couplet substrate, wherein the primer is a mixed paint of PU transparent primer, a curing agent and a diluent, the mixing ratio is 2: 1: 0.8, the first finish paint is a mixed paint of PU transparent matte finish paint, a curing agent, a diluent and a coloring agent, the mixing ratio is 2: 1: 1.2: 0.1, and the second finish paint is a mixed paint of PU transparent glossy finish paint, a curing agent and a diluent, and the mixing ratio is 2: 1: 1.2.
Step eleven: and (6) engraving. And carving characters and patterns selected, designed and corrected in advance on the obtained preprocessed wood-imitated couplet face plate in one or two carving modes of intaglio carving and character stacking, and performing gold-tracing and gold-pasting treatment on the carved character and pattern to obtain a wood-imitated couplet finished product or a semi-finished product.
Step twelve: and (5) additionally arranging a frame. And (4) performing frame adding treatment on the imitation wood couplet semi-finished product obtained in the step eleven to obtain couplet finished products with different appearances, wherein the frame can be prepared from the steps from the step one to the step eleven, the size number is 3600mm multiplied by 50mm multiplied by 15mm multiplied by 2, 500mm multiplied by 50mm multiplied by 15mm multiplied by 2, various dragon and phoenix patterns, flowers and patterns are carved and decorated, and the artistic methods comprise carving, openwork carving and the like.
Example 3
The method comprises the following steps: and (4) recovering the waste plastics. The waste plastic is one or a mixture of a plurality of plastic products such as packaging bags, agricultural mulching films, disposable tableware, plastic bottles and the like made of high molecular compounds such as polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polypropylene, polystyrene and the like, and a small amount or a large amount of impurities exist, wherein the impurities comprise residues, oil stains, soil, other non-plastic materials and the like.
Step two: rough washing and drying the material for the first time. And (3) putting the waste plastic recovered in the step one into a cleaning pool for first stirring and cleaning, removing residues, soil, oil stains, larger solid impurities and the like attached to the waste plastic, salvaging the waste plastic after rough cleaning, and spreading the waste plastic on a drying yard for natural drying to obtain the pretreatment material.
Step three: and (4) crushing. And (4) putting the pretreated material obtained in the step two into a crusher for crushing, wherein the grain diameter of the output waste plastic particles is 6 mm.
Step four: and (5) performing secondary fine washing and drying. And (3) putting the waste plastic particles output in the third step into a filter tank for secondary filtering and cleaning, removing solid particle impurities such as mixed small stones and metal chips, putting the waste plastic particles after filtering and fine cleaning into a centrifugal dryer for rolling drying to obtain pretreated dry particles, setting the temperature at 100 ℃, the rotating speed at 700rpm and the time for 15 min.
Step five: and (3) mixing materials. And D, mixing 70% of the waste plastic dry particles obtained in the step five, 5% of calcium carbonate powder, 20% of wood powder filling material, 2% of compatilizer, 1.5% of flame retardant, 0.75% of antioxidant and 0.75% of ultraviolet resistant agent according to weight percentage, adding the mixture into a high-speed mixer, mixing and stirring to obtain a mixture, and setting the rotating speed to be 900 rpm. The filler is calcium carbonate powder (not less than 400 meshes) and wood powder (not less than 40 meshes), the compatilizer is one of maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene and maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene, the flame retardant is one of antimony trioxide, magnesium hydroxide and aluminum hydroxide, the antioxidant is a general plastic antioxidant, and the ultraviolet resistant agent is a general plastic ultraviolet resistant agent.
Step six: and (4) hot-pressing and plasticizing. And (4) putting the mixture obtained in the fifth step into a die frame of a hot press for hot pressing plasticization, wherein the length of the die frame is 2000mm, the width of the die frame is 1200mm, the thickness of the die frame is 45mm, the number of layers is 10, the unit surface pressure is set to be 3kgf/cm2, the temperature is set to be 230 ℃, and the time is set to be 40 min.
Step seven: and (5) cold pressing and shaping. And (4) moving the die frame subjected to hot-pressing plasticization in the step six into a water-cooled hydraulic press for cold pressing and shaping, wherein the unit surface pressure is set to be 2.5kgf/cm2, the temperature is set to be 30 ℃, and the time is set to be 50 min.
Step eight: and (5) size processing. And (4) carrying out air drying, fine cutting, thicknessing and grinding on the plate subjected to cold pressing and shaping in the seventh step to obtain the pretreated base of the horizontal inscribed board with the size of 1300mm multiplied by 450mm multiplied by 45mm (length multiplied by width multiplied by thickness).
Step nine: and (6) engraving. And e, carving the pre-selected, designed and corrected font patterns and the like on the pretreated plastic board obtained in the step eight, wherein the font carving mode is one or more of intaglio carving, anodic carving and stacked characters, the carved font patterns are subjected to gold tracing and gold pasting, the board surface carving mode is one or more of relief sculpture, engraving and openwork carving, and the carved board surface patterns are subjected to color drawing to obtain the pretreated horizontal inscribed board panel.
Step ten: and (5) spraying paint. And (3) for the pretreated plaque panel obtained in the ninth step, preparing a primer (drying time is 1h) from a color painting pigment layer, polishing the primer layer with 400# sand paper, deashing and spraying a first finish paint (spraying amount is 120g/m2, drying time is 3h), polishing the finish paint layer with 800# sand paper, deashing and spraying a second finish paint (spraying amount is 100g/m2, drying time is 3h), and obtaining a plaque finished product or a semi-finished product, wherein the primer is a mixed paint of PU transparent primer, a curing agent and a diluent, the mixing ratio is 2: 1: 0.8, the first finish paint is a mixed paint of PU transparent matte finish paint, a curing agent and a diluent, the mixing ratio is 2: 1: 1.2, and the second finish paint is a mixed paint of PU transparent glossy finish paint, a curing agent and a diluent, and the mixing ratio is 2: 1: 1.2.
Step eleven: and (5) additionally arranging a frame. And (3) adding a frame to the semi-finished plaque obtained in the step ten to obtain the embossed colored drawing plaque exquisite products with different appearances, wherein the frame can be prepared from the step one to the step ten, the sizes and the number are 1300mm multiplied by 50mm multiplied by 15mm multiplied by 2, 450mm multiplied by 50mm multiplied by 15mm multiplied by 2, and various dragon and phoenix, flowers and patterns are carved and decorated, and the artistic methods comprise colored drawing, embossing, engraving, transparent carving and the like.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. A method for manufacturing an imitated wood couplet inscribed board by recycling waste plastics is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: recovering waste plastics; the recovered waste plastic is one or a mixture of a plurality of plastic products such as packaging bags, agricultural mulching films, disposable tableware, plastic bottles and the like made of high molecular compounds of polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polypropylene and polystyrene, and a small amount or a large amount of impurities exist, wherein the impurities comprise residues, oil stains, soil and other non-plastic materials;
step two: putting the waste plastic recovered in the step one into a cleaning pool for primary stirring and cleaning, removing residues, soil, oil stains and larger solid impurities attached to the waste plastic, fishing the waste plastic after rough cleaning, and spreading the waste plastic on a drying yard for natural drying to obtain a pretreatment material;
step three: putting the pretreated material obtained in the step two into a crusher for crushing, wherein the grain diameter of the output waste plastic particles is 2-10 mm;
step four: putting the waste plastic particles output in the third step into a filter tank for secondary filtering and cleaning, removing solid particle impurities such as mixed small stones, metal chips and the like, putting the waste plastic particles after filtering and fine cleaning into a centrifugal dryer for rolling drying to obtain pretreated dry particles, setting the temperature to be 90-110 ℃, the rotating speed to be 500-800 rpm and the time to be 10-20 min;
step five: and D, mixing the pretreated dry particles obtained in the fifth step with the filling material, the compatilizer, the flame retardant, the antioxidant and the ultraviolet resistant agent, adding the mixture into a high-speed stirrer, and mixing and stirring to obtain a mixture, wherein the rotating speed is set to be 800-1000 rpm. The filler is calcium carbonate powder (not less than 400 meshes) and wood powder (not less than 40 meshes), the compatilizer is one of maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene and maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene, the flame retardant is one of antimony trioxide, magnesium hydroxide and aluminum hydroxide, the antioxidant is a general plastic antioxidant, and the ultraviolet resistant agent is a general plastic ultraviolet resistant agent;
step six: putting the mixture obtained in the fifth step into a die frame of a hot press for hot-pressing plasticization, wherein the length of the die frame is 2000mm-4000mm, the width of the die frame is 1000mm-1200mm, the thickness of the die frame is 40mm-50mm, the number of layers is 1-12, the unit surface pressure is set to be 2kgf/cm2-4kgf/cm2, the temperature is set to be 150-250 ℃, and the time is set to be 30-50 min;
step seven: transferring the die frame subjected to hot pressing plasticization in the sixth step into a water-cooled hydraulic press for cold pressing and shaping, wherein the unit surface pressure is set to be 2kgf/cm2-3kgf/cm2, the temperature is set to be 20-50 ℃, and the time is set to be 40-60 min;
step eight: carrying out air drying, fine cutting, thicknessing and polishing on the plate subjected to cold pressing and shaping in the seventh step to obtain a pretreated couplet written on the scrolls with fixed size;
step nine: carrying out imitation wood grain layer treatment on the pretreated plastic board obtained in the step eight, wherein the imitation wood grain layer treatment is one or more of veneer covering, vacuum plastic suction coating and paint spraying, and the pretreated imitation wood couplet horizontal inscribed board panel with different surface layer textures is obtained;
step ten: carving characters and patterns selected, designed and corrected in advance on the preprocessed wood-imitated couplet inscribed board panel obtained in the ninth step, wherein the carving mode is one or more of intaglio carving, positive carving and character stacking, and performing gold-tracing and gold-pasting treatment on the carved character and pattern to obtain a finished product or a semi-finished product of the wood-imitated couplet inscribed board;
step eleven: performing frame additional processing on the semi-finished product of the imitated wood couplet inscribed board obtained in the step ten to obtain finished products of the imitated wood couplet inscribed board with different appearances, wherein the frame can be prepared by the steps one to ten, and is used for carving various dragon and phoenix patterns, flowers and patterns, and artistic techniques such as color painting, relief sculpture, engraving, openwork carving and the like;
preferably, an aeration device is arranged in the cleaning pool in the second step, and a draining rack is arranged on the cleaning pool.
Preferably, the crushed waste plastic particles in the third step can be sieved to primarily filter impurities.
Preferably, the mixture obtained in the fifth step is mixed with 60-80% of waste plastic dry particles, 5% of calcium carbonate powder, 10-30% of wood powder filling material, 1.5-2% of compatilizer, 1.5-2% of flame retardant, 0.5-1% of antioxidant and 0.5-1% of anti-ultraviolet agent according to weight percentage;
preferably, the vacuum plastic-absorbing film coating in the ninth step is carried out, a vacuum plastic-absorbing film coating machine is adopted, a manual spray gun is used for spraying glue to adhere a layer of diaphragm on the surface of the substrate of the couplet of the scrolls, the vacuum negative pressure of the vacuum plastic-absorbing film coating machine is set to be-0.09 Mpa, the vacuumizing time is set to be 30s, the positive pressure is set to be 0.2Mpa, the time is set to be 3min, the diaphragm is a PVC wood grain plastic-absorbing film, the thickness is 0.2mm, the softening temperature of the diaphragm is set to be 130 ℃, the glue used for spraying the glue is aqueous polyurethane glue, the plane glue spraying amount is 60g/m2, and the outline surface glue;
ninthly, coating veneer, jointing by adopting a manual roller, jointing by using veneering, and fixing glue by cold pressing, wherein a layer of veneer is adhered to the surface of the substrate of the couplet of the Chinese scroll, the surface pressure of the cold pressing unit is set to be 0.3kgf/cm2, the time is set to be 3 hours, the veneer is a natural solid wood veneer, the thickness is 0.3mm, the glue used for gluing is polyvinyl acetate adhesive, and the planar gluing amount is 100g/m 2;
step nine, spraying paint, namely polishing a substrate by using No. 240 sand paper, cleaning ash and brushing a primer (the spraying amount is 90g/m2, the drying time is 2h) -polishing the primer layer by using No. 400 sand paper, cleaning ash and spraying a first finish paint (the spraying amount is 120g/m2, the drying time is 3h) -polishing a finish paint layer by using No. 800 sand paper, cleaning ash and spraying a second finish paint (the spraying amount is 100g/m2, and the drying time is 3h), so as to obtain the pretreated ceiling board panel, wherein the primer is a mixed paint of PU transparent primer, a curing agent and a diluent, the blending ratio is 2: 1: 0.8, the first finish paint is a mixed paint of PU transparent matte finish paint, a curing agent, a diluent and a coloring agent, the blending ratio is 2: 1: 1.2: 0.1, and the second finish paint is a mixed paint of PU transparent glossy finish paint, a curing agent and a diluent, and the blending ratio is 2: 1: 1.2.
2. The method for manufacturing the imitated wood couplet plaque by recycling the waste plastics according to the claim 1, is characterized in that: and an aeration device is arranged in the cleaning pool in the second step, and a draining rack is arranged on the cleaning pool.
3. The method for manufacturing the imitated wood couplet plaque by recycling the waste plastics according to the claim 1, is characterized in that: and the crushed waste plastic particles in the third step can be sieved firstly to primarily filter impurities.
4. The method for manufacturing the imitated wood couplet plaque by recycling the waste plastics according to the claim 1, is characterized in that: in the fourth step, the centrifugal drier needs to set the temperature at 90-110 ℃, the rotating speed at 500-800 rpm and the time at 10-20 min.
5. The method for manufacturing the imitated wood couplet plaque by recycling the waste plastics according to the claim 1, is characterized in that: and step five, mixing 60-80% of waste plastic dry particles, 5% of calcium carbonate powder, 10-30% of wood powder filling material, 1.5-2% of compatilizer, 1.5-2% of flame retardant, 0.5-1% of antioxidant and 0.5-1% of ultraviolet resistant agent according to the weight percentage of the mixture, and setting the rotating speed of a high-speed stirrer to 800-1000 rpm.
6. The method for manufacturing the imitated wood couplet plaque by recycling the waste plastics according to the claim 1, is characterized in that: in the sixth step, the hot compression molding needs to be controlled at unit surface pressure of 2kgf/cm2-4kgf/cm2, temperature of 150-250 ℃ and time of 30-50 min.
7. The method for manufacturing the imitated wood couplet plaque by recycling the waste plastics according to the claim 1, is characterized in that: in the seventh step, cold pressing needs to be controlled to set a unit surface pressure of 2kgf/cm2-3kgf/cm2, a temperature of 20-50 ℃ and a time of 40-60 min.
8. The method for manufacturing the imitated wood couplet plaque by recycling the waste plastics according to the claim 1, is characterized in that: in the ninth step, vacuum plastic sucking and film covering needs to be controlled to be vacuum negative pressure set to be-0.09 Mpa, vacuum pumping time is set to be 30s, positive pressure is set to be 0.2Mpa, time is set to be 3min, the thickness of the membrane is 0.2mm, the softening temperature of the membrane is set to be 130 ℃, the glue spraying amount of the glue spraying plane is 60g/m2, and the glue spraying amount of the outline surface is 80g/m 2.
9. The method for manufacturing the imitated wood couplet plaque by recycling the waste plastics according to the claim 1, is characterized in that: in the ninth step, the veneer covering surface needs to be controlled to be set at unit surface pressure of 0.3kgf/cm2, time is set to be 3 hours, veneer thickness is 0.3mm, and glue applying amount of glue applying plane is 100g/m 2.
10. The method for manufacturing the imitated wood couplet plaque by recycling the waste plastics according to the claim 1, is characterized in that: in the ninth step, the paint spraying needs to be controlled in the way that the primer is a mixed paint of PU transparent primer, curing agent and diluent, the mixing ratio is 2: 1: 0.8, the spraying amount is 90g/m2, and the drying time is 2 hours; the first finish paint is a mixed paint of PU transparent matte finish paint, a curing agent, a diluent and a coloring agent, the mixing ratio is 2: 1: 1.2: 0.1, the spraying amount is 120g/m2, and the drying time is 3 hours; the second finish paint is a mixed paint of PU transparent glossy finish paint, a curing agent and a diluent, the mixing ratio is 2: 1: 1.2, the spraying amount is 100g/m2, and the drying time is 3 hours.
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Application publication date: 20210618 |