CN112970751A - Soil treatment agent, use method and application - Google Patents
Soil treatment agent, use method and application Download PDFInfo
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- CN112970751A CN112970751A CN202110197731.XA CN202110197731A CN112970751A CN 112970751 A CN112970751 A CN 112970751A CN 202110197731 A CN202110197731 A CN 202110197731A CN 112970751 A CN112970751 A CN 112970751A
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- soil
- treatment agent
- rice bran
- soil treatment
- ferrous sulfate
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/02—Saturated carboxylic acids or thio analogues thereof; Derivatives thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
- A01N59/16—Heavy metals; Compounds thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers
- C05D9/02—Other inorganic fertilisers containing trace elements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/60—Biocides or preservatives, e.g. disinfectants, pesticides or herbicides; Pest repellants or attractants
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a soil treatment agent, a using method and application, and relates to the technical field of crop disease control. The soil treatment agent comprises rice bran and/or molasses and ferrous sulfate, wherein the mass ratio of the rice bran and/or molasses to the ferrous sulfate is 90: 10-99: 1. The soil treatment agent of the invention is used as a fumigant to treat soil, after the soil is mixed into the soil, the surface of the soil is covered by a plastic film, the inflow of air is cut off, and meanwhile, the soil is disinfected by maintaining higher ground temperature. The microorganisms in the soil decompose rice bran and molasses to be used as energy for rapid proliferation, so that oxygen in the soil is consumed at an accelerated speed, the soil is in a reduction state, pathogenic bacteria such as ralstonia solanacearum and the like and root-knot nematodes die, and crop diseases are reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of crop disease control, and particularly relates to a soil treatment agent, a using method and application.
Background
The Ralstonia solanacearum is a destructive soil-borne pathogenic bacterium, has a wide host range, and can infect more than 200 plants of more than 50 families from monocotyledons and dicotyledons to trees and shrubs. The pathogenic bacteria invade the xylem catheter from the root of the host plant, and rapidly expand to the overground part of the plant through the vascular bundle system, so that the function of the catheter is lost due to the massive colonization of the pathogenic bacteria, and plant wilting is further caused, and the plant is dead. The bacterial wilt is likely to occur in the whole growth period of crops, the symptoms of bud blooming are most obvious, and the bacterial wilt is particularly serious in warm and humid environment with abundant rainwater. The base of the stem and the root vascular bundles of the plant infected by the pathogenic bacteria turn brown. Bacterial wilt is difficult to control, no good control method exists at present, and once crops are infected, a large amount of yield reduction can be caused. In recent years, due to global warming caused by the greenhouse effect, the pathogenic bacteria have the tendency of spreading to high-latitude areas, and bring great harm to crop production.
Root-knot nematodes (melodogynespp.) are a class of plant pathogens that parasitize the roots of crops and severely harm the agricultural production of the world. The host plants are more than 3000 and belong to 114 families, including rice, peanut, tobacco, tea, fruit trees, vegetables, flowers, medicinal materials and the like, wherein the plants of solanaceae, cucurbitaceae, cruciferae and the like are particularly seriously damaged. The plant damage in temperate zone, subtropical zone and tropical zone is more serious than that in other zone, the disease can reduce crop yield by 10% -20%, and when it is serious, it can be up to above 75%.
The existing method for preventing and treating soil-borne diseases and root-knot nematodes mainly comprises screening disease-resistant varieties, physical prevention and treatment, chemical prevention and biological prevention and treatment and the like, but research on comprehensive common prevention and treatment of soil-borne diseases and root-knot nematodes, particularly ralstonia solanacearum and root-knot nematodes is lacked.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention aims to provide a soil sterilization and insect killing composition, which can be used as a fumigant to effectively control crop diseases and nematode diseases and efficiently kill ralstonia solanacearum and nematodes in soil.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the soil treatment agent comprises rice bran and/or molasses and ferrous sulfate, wherein the mass ratio of the rice bran and/or molasses to the ferrous sulfate is 90: 10-99: 1.
Preferably, the soil treatment agent comprises rice bran and ferrous sulfate, and the mass ratio of the rice bran to the ferrous sulfate is 95: 5-99: 1.
Preferably, the soil treatment agent is mixed with soil to perform a sealed fumigation treatment.
More preferably, the soil treatment agent is used in an amount of 1 to 2kg/m2。
More preferably, the fumigation is carried out at a ground temperature of 25 ℃ or higher, and the fumigation lasts for 20 days or longer.
More preferably, the soil treatment agent is mixed with soil, and then the mixture is irrigated and sealed.
Further preferably, the irrigation is based on the standard of soil moisture of 30-60 cm underground.
More preferably, the sealing treatment is performed by film sealing.
The invention also aims to provide application of the soil treatment agent in preventing and controlling plant bacterial wilt and plant root knot nematode disease.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention provides a soil treatment agent, a using method and application, and relates to the technical field of crop disease control. The soil treatment agent comprises rice bran and/or molasses and ferrous sulfate, wherein the mass ratio of the rice bran and/or molasses to the ferrous sulfate is 90: 10-99: 1. The soil treatment agent of the present invention is used as a fumigant to treat soil, and after the fumigant is mixed into soil, the soil surface is covered with a plastic film to cut off the inflow of air and sterilize the soil while maintaining a high ground temperature. The microorganisms in the soil decompose rice bran and molasses to be used as energy for rapid proliferation, so that oxygen in the soil is consumed at an accelerated speed, the soil is in an anoxic state (reduction state), pathogenic bacteria such as ralstonia solanacearum and nematodes die, and crop diseases are reduced.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a soil treatment agent, which comprises rice bran and/or molasses and ferrous sulfate, wherein the mass ratio of the rice bran and/or molasses to the ferrous sulfate is 90: 10-99: 1; further preferably, the mass ratio of the rice bran to the ferrous sulfate is 95: 5-99: 1; more preferably, the mass ratio of rice bran to ferrous sulfate is 99: 1.
The sources of the rice bran, the molasses and the ferrous sulfate are not particularly limited. The rice bran generally refers to a thin skin, including cortex and embryo, on the surface of the brown rice after the rice husk is removed, which is a byproduct in rice processing; molasses generally refers to a by-product of the production of white sugar. The ferrous sulfate is an ore containing ferrous sulfate or a chemical product, namely ferrous sulfate heptahydrate, commonly known as copperas. The rice bran and/or molasses contain rich nutrient components, can be used as an energy source of soil microorganisms, promote the rapid proliferation of the soil microorganisms, accelerate the consumption of oxygen in the soil, enable the soil to be in an anoxic state (reduction state), and further enable pathogenic bacteria such as ralstonia solanacearum and nematodes to die. Meanwhile, some microorganisms in the soil decompose organic substances under anaerobic conditions to generate organic acids such as acetic acid, butyric acid and the like, and the organic acids and ferrous ions provided by ferrous sulfate jointly play an antibacterial activity to inhibit the growth of soil disease pathogenic bacteria such as ralstonia solanacearum and the like. In addition, the rice bran and the molasses can provide organic matters for soil, and the ferrous sulfate provides sulfur elements and iron elements for the soil, so that the soil fertility is further improved.
Preferably, theThe soil treatment agent is mixed with soil to carry out sealing fumigation treatment. The method for sealing treatment is not particularly limited, and a proper fumigation method is selected on the principle of keeping the longer fumigation time and the higher fumigation concentration of the soil treatment agent. As an alternative embodiment, the sealing treatment mode is the sealing fumigation of the covering film. Optionally, the application amount of the soil treatment agent in the invention is 1-2kg/m2. It is further preferred that the soil treatment agent is applied in an amount of 2kg/m2. In order to ensure the effects of killing bacteria and nematodes, the soil treatment agent and soil are mixed and then irrigated, so that the soil treatment agent is uniformly distributed in the soil, and the fumigating time is kept to be more than 20 days. More preferably, the irrigation is based on the standard of soil moisture of 30-60 cm underground.
The environment for using the soil treatment agent of the present invention is not particularly limited, and the treatment period is preferably from 5 mid-ten months to 10 months. The ground temperature is usually above 25 ℃ in this time period, and the soil treatment agent is infiltrated into the soil by irrigation, thus being beneficial to exerting the fumigation effect.
The technical solutions provided by the present invention are described in detail below with reference to examples, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
A soil treatment agent comprises rice bran and ferrous sulfate, wherein the mass ratio of the rice bran to the ferrous sulfate is 99: 1.
Example 2
A soil treatment agent comprises molasses and ferrous sulfate, wherein the mass ratio of the molasses to the ferrous sulfate is 90: 10.
Example 3
A soil treatment agent comprises rice bran, molasses and ferrous sulfate, wherein the mass ratio of the rice bran, the molasses and the ferrous sulfate is 48:48: 4.
Example 4
A soil treatment agent comprises rice bran and ferrous sulfate, wherein the mass ratio of the rice bran to the ferrous sulfate is 95: 5.
Example 5
A soil treatment method comprising the steps of:
1kg/m of the soil treatment agent described in example 22Applying into soil, turning over, mixing, irrigating until the soil is 30cm underground and wet, and sealing and fumigating for more than 20 days by covering with plastic film.
Example 6
A soil treatment method comprising the steps of:
1.5kg/m of the soil treatment agent described in example 32Applying into soil, turning over, mixing, irrigating until 45cm soil is wet, and sealing and fumigating for more than 20 days by covering with plastic film.
Example 7
Influence of different soil treatment agents and application amounts on killing effect of ralstonia solanacearum and nematodes
Three treatments were set, treatment A being the application of the soil treatment agent of example 1 at 1kg/m2Soil, treatment B was 2kg/m of the soil treatment agent of example 12Soil, treatment C is the application of ferrous sulfate (copperas) 0.02kg/m2And (3) soil. Control (CK) without any addition.
Investigating the number of ralstonia solanacearum and the number of nematodes in different soil layer depths in 6 months and 2 days, applying the soil treatment agent into soil, irrigating the soil to the underground for 60cm after turning over and mixing, ensuring that the treatment agent is uniformly distributed in the soil, and covering the surface of the soil with a plastic film for sealing and fumigating. And 7, 10 days in 7 months, and investigating the number of ralstonia solanacearum and the number of nematodes in different soil depths.
And (3) test results:
TABLE 1 Effect of three treatments on the number of Ralstonia solanacearum in soil
As can be seen from Table 1, the effect of treating A and B on the bacterial wilt of soil at different depths is more obvious than that of the control, wherein the quantity of bacterial wilt of soil at different depths is less than 5CFU/g soil by treating A, the quantity of bacterial wilt of soil at different depths is less than 3CFU/g soil by treating B, and the effect of treating C on the bacterial wilt is better than that of the control but not the effect of treating A and B.
TABLE 2 Effect of three treatments on the number of surviving nematodes in soil
As can be seen from Table 2, no nematodes were detected in the soil at different depths after the disinfectants A and B were applied, while a certain number of nematodes remained in the soil at different depths in the control. Treatment C had a better effect on killing surviving nematodes than the control, but did not achieve the effect of treatment a and B.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The soil treatment agent is characterized by comprising rice bran and/or molasses and ferrous sulfate, wherein the mass ratio of the rice bran and/or molasses to the ferrous sulfate is 90: 10-99: 1.
2. The soil treatment agent according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the rice bran to the ferrous sulfate is 95:5 to 99: 1.
3. The method of using the soil treatment agent according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the soil treatment agent is mixed with soil to perform a sealing fumigation treatment.
4. The use method according to claim 3, wherein the soil treatment agent is used in an amount of 1 to 2kg/m2。
5. Use according to claim 3, wherein the fumigation is carried out at a temperature above 25 ℃ and for a period above 20 days.
6. The use of claim 3, wherein the soil treatment agent is mixed with soil and then irrigated and resealed.
7. The use method of claim 6, wherein the irrigation is based on soil wetting of 30-60 cm underground.
8. Use according to claim 3 or 6, wherein the sealing treatment is performed by means of a film seal.
9. Use of the soil treatment agent according to claim 1 or 2 for controlling bacterial wilt in plants.
10. Use of the soil treatment agent according to claim 1 or 2 for controlling root knot nematode disease of plants.
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| CN202110197731.XA CN112970751A (en) | 2021-02-22 | 2021-02-22 | Soil treatment agent, use method and application |
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| CN202110197731.XA CN112970751A (en) | 2021-02-22 | 2021-02-22 | Soil treatment agent, use method and application |
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