CN112967930B - 一种SiC晶圆的金属化层剥离方法 - Google Patents

一种SiC晶圆的金属化层剥离方法 Download PDF

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CN112967930B
CN112967930B CN202110169376.5A CN202110169376A CN112967930B CN 112967930 B CN112967930 B CN 112967930B CN 202110169376 A CN202110169376 A CN 202110169376A CN 112967930 B CN112967930 B CN 112967930B
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侯斌
王怡鑫
何静博
李照
鲁红玲
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Xian Microelectronics Technology Institute
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Abstract

本发明提供一种SiC晶圆的金属化层剥离方法,先采用腐蚀或刻蚀的方法,将已报废SiC晶圆上表面和下表面的金属层去除,SiC晶圆上表面的金属化层和下表面的金属化层裸露出来;再对SiC晶圆上表面的金属化层和下表面的金属化层在1100℃~1400℃下进行氧化处理,所述的金属化层最外侧的一部分厚度形成氧化层,之后去除该氧化层;最后重复步骤2若干次,直至SiC晶圆上表面的金属化层和下表面的金属化层去净为止,完成SiC晶圆的金属化层剥离,有效解决目前SiC器件在金属化层加工不理想时,SiC晶圆报废的问题。

Description

一种SiC晶圆的金属化层剥离方法
技术领域
本发明属于功率器件制作工艺技术领域,具体为一种SiC晶圆的金属化层剥离方法。
背景技术
碳化硅(SiC)是一种二元半导体化合物,是元素周期表第IV主族元素中唯一的固态化合物,也是Si和C的唯一稳定化合物,其物化性质有许多独特之处。在SiC结晶时,每一个碳原子都被4个硅原子按照正四面体结构紧密包围,同样每一个硅原子也都被4个碳原子以相同方式紧密包围,彼此相互嵌套而构成完整晶体。最近邻原子距离为0.189nm,所以SiC原子层面的粗糙度大约为0.2nm。碳化硅晶体在结晶构架过程中都符合密堆积原则,SiC硬度高,仅次于金刚石,而且SiC具有很强的离子共价键,所以其结构非常稳定。由于特殊的结构,SiC具有禁带宽度大、临界击穿场强高、耐高温、抗辐照、热导率高、饱和电子漂移速度快等诸多优点,所以具备制作功率器件的天然优势。
金属与SiC的接触类型分为肖特基接触和欧姆接触。肖特基接触是制备肖特基二极管的关键步骤,是形成肖特基器件性能的主要过程,肖特基接触的好坏直接影响器件的性能,若肖特基接触工艺加工失败,直接会导致SiC晶圆的报废。欧姆接触扮演着信号转换桥梁的作用,接触电阻越小,因接触电阻带来的额外功耗就越小,系统的效率便越高。
高性能的SiC器件往往要求更低的欧姆接触电阻,但是在目前的工艺加工过程中,SiC晶圆的欧姆接触电阻往往比较大,这导致了SiC晶圆的报废,而且也增加成本。
发明内容
针对现有技术中存在的问题,本发明提供一种SiC晶圆的金属化层剥离方法,有效解决目前SiC器件在金属化层加工不理想时,SiC晶圆报废的问题。
为达到上述目的,本发明采用以下技术方案予以实现:
一种SiC晶圆的金属化层剥离方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤1,采用腐蚀或刻蚀的方法,将已报废SiC晶圆上表面和下表面的金属层去除,SiC晶圆上表面的金属化层和下表面的金属化层裸露出来;
步骤2,先对SiC晶圆上表面的金属化层和下表面的金属化层在1100℃~1400℃下进行氧化处理,所述的金属化层最外侧的一部分厚度形成氧化层,再去除该氧化层;
步骤3,重复步骤2若干次,直至SiC晶圆上表面的金属化层和下表面的金属化层去净为止,完成SiC晶圆的金属化层剥离。
优选的,当步骤1采用腐蚀的方法去除所述的金属层时,使用HF溶液、BOE、H2SO4溶液、HNO3溶液、HCl溶液、H2O2溶液,由H2SO4溶液和H2O2溶液混合而成的第一腐蚀液,或者由HCl溶液和HNO3溶液混合而成的第二腐蚀液。
进一步,HF溶液的体积百分比8%~12%; H2SO4溶液的质量分数为95%~98%;HNO3溶液的质量分数为60%~68%;HCl溶液的质量分数为32%~37%;H2O2溶液的体积百分比为20%~30%。
再进一步,第一腐蚀液中H2SO4和H2O2的体积比为3:1;第二腐蚀液中HCl和HNO3的体积比为3:1。
优选的,步骤2中SiC晶圆上表面的金属化层和下表面的金属化层在所述温度下氧化5min~2h。
优选的,步骤2中所述氧化层的厚度为10nm~500nm。
优选的,步骤2先采用步骤1所述的腐蚀或刻蚀的方法去掉绝大部分的氧化层,之后剩余的氧化层残渣分布在金属化层表面,再依次研磨、抛光去除剩余的氧化层残渣。
优选的,步骤3在重复步骤2若干次后对所得结构的上表面和下表面进行电阻测量,当电阻值达到SiC晶圆金属化之前的电阻值时,完成SiC晶圆的金属化层剥离。
优选的,步骤3中重复步骤2的次数为3~5次。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有以下有益效果:
本发明一种SiC晶圆的金属化层剥离方法,可以先采用腐蚀或刻蚀的方法,将已报废SiC晶圆上表面和下表面的金属层去除,这样SiC晶圆上表面的金属化层和下表面的金属化层便可以裸露出来,由于金属化层比较难去除,因此需要在1100℃~1400℃下进行氧化处理,这样金属化层最外侧的一部分厚度可形成氧化层,再去除该氧化层,重复若干次,直至SiC晶圆上表面的金属化层和下表面的金属化层去净为止,最后去除SiC晶圆上表面和下表面的金属化层,为金属化不理想的SiC晶圆提供返工的方法,降低成本;该工艺方法理论简单易于理解,不同的工艺技术人员可以根据不同的设备及工艺条件进行调整,遵循此方法均可以得到满足工艺要求的结果,适用范围广泛。
附图说明
图1为本发明所述方法的流程图。
图中:1-SiC晶圆,2-金属层,3-全部的金属化层,4-氧化层,5-剩余的金属化层。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述;以下实施例仅仅是本发明一部分的实施例,而不是全部的实施例,不用来限制本发明的范围。
肖特基接触形成的金属化层成分有Ni-Si-C系统、Ti-Si-C系统;欧姆接触形成的金属化层成分有Ni-Si-C系统、Al-Si-C系统、Al-W-Si-C系统等,在去除金属化层时需将这些SiC金属化物均去除。
因此,对于欧姆接触形成的金属化层,本发明一种SiC晶圆的金属化层剥离方法,包括以下步骤:
1)采用腐蚀或刻蚀的方法,将已报废SiC晶圆上下表面的厚度为50nm~3000nm的金属层,SiC晶圆上下表面的金属化层裸露出来,腐蚀采用腐蚀液的方式进行,腐蚀液为体积百分比为8%~12%的HF溶液、BOE、质量分数为95%~98%的H2SO4溶液、质量分数为60%~68%的HNO3溶液、质量分数为32%~37%的HCl溶液、体积百分比为20%~30%的H2O2溶液,或者由H2SO4溶液和H2O2溶液混合而成的腐蚀液,HCl溶液和HNO3溶液混合而成的腐蚀液,BOE为缓冲氧化物刻蚀液;
当使用H2SO4溶液和H2O2溶液混合而成的腐蚀液时,腐蚀液中H2SO4和H2O2的体积比为3:1,当使用HCl溶液和HNO3溶液混合而成的腐蚀液时,腐蚀液中HCl和HNO3的体积比为3:1。
2)对已去掉金属层的SiC晶圆上表面的金属化层和下表面的金属化层进行高温氧化,氧化温度为1100℃~1400℃,氧化时间为5min~2h,金属化层最外侧的一部分厚度形成氧化层,形成厚度为10nm~500nm的氧化层,采用步骤1)中所述腐蚀或刻蚀的方法去掉SiC晶圆表面的绝大部分的氧化层,之后剩余的氧化层残渣分布在金属化层表面,通过这种方式减薄SiC晶圆的金属化层;
3)通过依次研磨、抛光的方式去除剩余的氧化层残渣;
4)重复步骤2和步骤3若干次,分步骤地去除剩余的金属化层,直至SiC晶圆上表面的金属化层和下表面的金属化层去净为止,最终需要进行表面电阻测量,使晶圆表面电阻值达到金属化之前的电阻值。若未达到,则重复步骤2、步骤3直到去净金属化层,晶圆表面电阻值达到金属化之前的电阻值为止,一般3~5次即可去除完全。
实施例
本发明一种SiC晶圆的金属化层剥离方法,如图1所示,包括以下步骤:
1)采用体积百分比为10%的HF溶液、质量分数为37%的HCl溶液或质量分数为98%的H2SO4溶液腐蚀的方法,去掉SiC晶圆1上下表面厚度为200nm的金属层2,SiC晶圆上下表面的全部的金属化层3裸露出来;
2)对SiC晶圆上表面的金属化层和下表面的金属化层在1300℃下氧化30min,金属化层最外侧的一部分厚度形成氧化层,形成厚度为100nm的氧化层4;
3)采用体积百分比为10%的HF溶液腐蚀的方法,去掉SiC晶圆表面的绝大部分的氧化层,之后剩余的氧化层残渣分布在金属化层表面;
4)通过依次研磨、抛光的方法去掉剩余的氧化层残渣;
5)重复步骤2、步骤3和步骤4四次,这样分步骤地去除剩余的金属化层5,去掉剩余的金属化层5后进行SiC晶圆表面电阻测量,检测表面电阻是否达到金属化之前的电阻值,此时已达到,完成金属化层的去除。

Claims (2)

1.一种SiC晶圆的金属化层剥离方法,其特征在于,所述金属化层成分有Ni-Si-C系统、Ti-Si-C系统、Al-Si-C系统和Al-W-Si-C系统,包括以下步骤:
步骤1,采用腐蚀或刻蚀的方法,将已报废SiC晶圆上表面和下表面的金属层去除,SiC晶圆上表面的金属化层和下表面的金属化层裸露出来;
采用腐蚀的方法去除所述金属层时,使用体积百分比8%~12%的HF溶液、BOE、质量分数为95%~98%的H2SO4溶液、质量分数为60%~68%的HNO3溶液、质量分数为32%~37%的HCl溶液、体积百分比为20%~30%的H2O2溶液,由体积比为3:1的H2SO4溶液和H2O2溶液混合而成的第一腐蚀液,或者由体积比为3:1的HCl溶液和HNO3溶液混合而成的第二腐蚀液;
步骤2,先对SiC晶圆上表面的金属化层和下表面的金属化层在1100℃~1400℃下氧化5min~2h,所述金属化层最外侧形成厚度为10nm~500nm的氧化层,先采用步骤1所述的腐蚀或刻蚀的方法去掉绝大部分的氧化层,之后剩余的氧化层残渣分布在金属化层表面,再依次研磨、抛光去除剩余的氧化层残渣;
步骤3,重复步骤2若干次,对所得结构的上表面和下表面进行电阻测量,当电阻值达到SiC晶圆金属化之前的电阻值时,完成SiC晶圆的金属化层剥离。
2.根据权利要求1所述的SiC晶圆的金属化层剥离方法,其特征在于,步骤3中重复步骤2的次数为3~5次。
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