CN112963833B - Multistage cyclone burner of low nitrogen of ammonia - Google Patents
Multistage cyclone burner of low nitrogen of ammonia Download PDFInfo
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- CN112963833B CN112963833B CN202110205203.4A CN202110205203A CN112963833B CN 112963833 B CN112963833 B CN 112963833B CN 202110205203 A CN202110205203 A CN 202110205203A CN 112963833 B CN112963833 B CN 112963833B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
- F23D14/20—Non-premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air on arrival at the combustion zone
- F23D14/22—Non-premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air on arrival at the combustion zone with separate air and gas feed ducts, e.g. with ducts running parallel or crossing each other
- F23D14/24—Non-premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air on arrival at the combustion zone with separate air and gas feed ducts, e.g. with ducts running parallel or crossing each other at least one of the fluids being submitted to a swirling motion
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C3/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by the shape of the combustion chamber
- F23C3/006—Combustion apparatus characterised by the shape of the combustion chamber the chamber being arranged for cyclonic combustion
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C9/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for returning combustion products or flue gases to the combustion chamber
- F23C9/06—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for returning combustion products or flue gases to the combustion chamber for completing combustion
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
- F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
- F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
- F23D14/62—Mixing devices; Mixing tubes
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
- F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
- F23D14/70—Baffles or like flow-disturbing devices
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
- F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
- F23D14/84—Flame spreading or otherwise shaping
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N3/00—Regulating air supply or draught
- F23N3/007—Regulating air supply or draught using mechanical means
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D2203/00—Gaseous fuel burners
- F23D2203/007—Mixing tubes, air supply regulation
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
Abstract
A multi-stage cyclone burner with low ammonia nitrogen comprises an outer air duct and an inner air duct, wherein a direct-current air channel is formed between the inner wall of the outer air duct and the outer wall of the inner air duct, a plurality of main fuel gas pipelines are uniformly distributed on the outer wall of the inner air duct along the circumferential direction, the inner air duct is a cyclone gas channel, a cyclone air channel, a central air channel and a central fuel gas injection channel which are coaxial from outside to inside, and the fuel gas is divided into three parts by the central fuel gas injection channel, the cyclone gas channel and the main fuel gas pipelines; the air is divided into three parts by the central air channel, the direct-current air channel and the rotational-flow air channel, the fuel and the air are classified in the inner air cylinder, in addition, the combustor can also comprise a flame dividing ring arranged at the front end, the flame can be divided, the contact area of the fuel gas and the air is increased, the combustion is more sufficient, and the fuel and the air are mixed in a layered mode, so that the mixing effect of the fuel gas and the air is enhanced. And the heat radiation transmission between the component and the surrounding high-temperature environment is slowed down, and the service life of the component is prolonged.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of thermal energy engineering, relates to a burner, and particularly relates to an ammonia low-nitrogen multistage cyclone burner.
Background
The "hydrogen" energy source is considered as an important direction for the development of the global energy structure in the future, but due to the problems of large-scale preparation, storage and transportation of hydrogen gas, ammonia gas is called as "another hydrogen", is a good hydrogen carrier and hydrogen storage medium, has the advantage of no carbon, and only water and nitrogen are discharged after complete combustion. However, the use of ammonia as a fuel has a significant problem in that ammonia contains a large amount of nitrogen. When the existing common burner is used for combustion, more nitrogen oxides are inevitably generated, thereby causing adverse effects on the environment. Therefore, it is necessary to design an excellent burner structure, so that the combustion characteristics of the burner can be improved.
Most of the current burners do not use ammonia gas as fuel, and the technical problems are generally existed in the use process: after the fuel is sprayed out, the fuel is quickly ignited by surrounding high-temperature flue gas and air, the released heat is concentrated at the upstream of the combustor, so that the temperatures near the swirl blades, the air cylinder and the air inlet pipeline are overhigh, and under the condition that high temperature and excessive air exist at the same time, the workpiece is oxidized and generates a decarburization phenomenon, the hardness of the workpiece is reduced, and the service life is greatly reduced; the fuel and air directly enter a combustion chamber with larger inner diameter from a pipeline, so that the flow of partial area is weakened, and the heat concentration phenomenon can occur; the combustion flame is agglomerated and has small contact area with air; the combustion is not classified, the fuel and air are not uniformly mixed, the combustion is insufficient, the combustion efficiency is low, and a large amount of pollution gas is generated. The direct application of such a burner to the combustion of ammonia is absolutely not preferable, because the exhaust gas contains too much nitrogen oxides, which do not meet the national exhaust emission standards, and also cause serious environmental pollution.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide an ammonia low-nitrogen multi-stage cyclone burner which improves the structure of the burner, promotes the mixing and combustion of fuel gas, further reduces the emission of nitrogen oxides and overcomes the defects in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a multi-stage cyclone burner with low ammonia nitrogen comprises an outer air drum 7 and an inner air drum 9, wherein a direct-current air channel 6 is formed between the inner wall of the outer air drum 7 and the outer wall of the inner air drum 9, and is characterized in that a plurality of main fuel gas pipelines 5 are uniformly distributed on the outer wall of the inner air drum 9 along the circumferential direction, the inner air drum 9 is a coaxial cyclone air channel, a central air channel 2 and a central fuel gas injection channel 1 from outside to inside, and the central fuel gas injection channel 1, the cyclone air channel and the main fuel gas pipelines 5 divide fuel gas into three parts; the central wind channel 2, the direct wind channel 6 and the swirling wind channel divide the air into three parts. Air and fuel are respectively combusted in three stages, combustion flame is transmitted layer by layer from inside to outside along the radial direction and the axial direction, rapid mixing of fuel gas and air is promoted, diffusion combustion from inside to outside is realized, the increase of the mass concentration of nitrogen oxides caused by a local high-temperature region is avoided, the flame fullness is good, and the combustion stability is strong.
The front end of the outer air duct 7 is of a gradually expanding structure and is connected with the cylindrical combustion chamber, so that the mixing and the sufficient combustion of the fuel gas on the inner peripheral surface of the outer air duct can be promoted.
The gas has a flame to cut apart ring 8 with the air passage front end, flame cuts apart ring 8 and comprises two rings and a plurality of radial distribution's spoke, and wherein two rings are located whirl wind passageway and direct current wind passageway 6 the place ahead respectively, and flame cuts apart ring 8 and cuts apart into a plurality of regions through sheltering from the air outlet, and non-gathering together to form the flame shape of similar "petal" form, improve the area of contact of flame frontal and air, avoid the appearance of heat load concentrated region.
The front end of the main gas pipeline 5 extends out of the gradually expanding outer air duct channel hood and inclines upwards towards the central axis of the main gas pipeline, the main gas pipeline 5 comprises two sections, the first section is inclined outwards along the radial direction on the front end face higher than the inner air duct 9 along the axial direction of the combustor, and the included angle between the axial line of the second section and the axial line of the combustor is 45 degrees. From this, center gas and whirl gas mainly distribute in the whirl dish region, form the mixed layer in center, and main gas is outwards spout the distribution in combustor tube wall outer lane region to one side, forms the mixed layer in outer lane. Design like this can make the gas hierarchical back, and flame presents "petal" form on the tangent plane, has increased the area of flame frontal surface, increases the area of contact of air with the gas to promote the mixture of air and gas, reduced local temperature, make the regional heat load distribution of burning comparatively even.
Set up whirl gas whirl blade 4 in the whirl gas passageway, set up whirl wind whirl blade 3 in the whirl wind passageway, whirl gas whirl blade 4 and whirl wind whirl blade 3 revolve to opposite, have further promoted the mixture of whirl wind with whirl gas, increase gas backflow area for the burning heat load is more even, and the burning is more abundant.
The invention comprises a blunt disc which is arranged in the center of an opening at the front end of a central gas injection channel 1 and is vertical to the axis of the central gas injection channel 1, through holes are arranged on the blunt disc, an inner mounting ring is arranged outside the blunt disc, a central air channel 2 is arranged between the inner mounting ring and the outer peripheral surface of the blunt disc, the outer peripheral surface of the inner mounting ring is taken as an attachment surface, a plurality of cyclone air cyclone blades 3 are circumferentially distributed in an array manner, an outer mounting ring which is coaxial with an outer air cylinder 7 is arranged at the outlet at the front end of the outer air cylinder 7, the outer peripheral surface of the outer mounting ring is taken as the attachment surface, and a plurality of cyclone air cyclone blades 4 are circumferentially distributed in an array manner.
The rotational flow wind rotational flow blades 3 rotate rightwards, a plurality of fixed shafts are radially radiated from the inner mounting ring, each blade is fixedly connected with the fixed shafts, and the fixed shafts can rotate relative to the inner mounting ring, so that the angle of the blades can be adjusted; the swirl cyclonic blades 4 rotate leftwards, a plurality of fixed shafts are radially radiated from the periphery of the outer mounting ring, each blade is fixedly connected with the fixed shafts, and the fixed shafts can rotate relative to the outer mounting ring, so that the angle of the blades can be adjusted. Namely, the swirl wind swirl blades 3 and the swirl gas swirl blades 4 penetrate through the fixed shaft along the radial direction, and the angle of each swirl blade can be changed by controlling the rotating fixed shaft through the external automatic control device, so that the swirl direction of the swirl blades can be artificially controlled according to different combustion working conditions, and the real-time adaptability of the combustor to different working conditions is improved.
The blunt disk is round platform shape, and the round platform cone angle is 45, and the little bottom surface of round platform is located the front end, and little bottom surface seals, and it has a plurality of apertures to open along circumference in the round platform side, and the aperture axis is perpendicular with the round platform generating line, and central gas passes through the aperture sprays and gets into the combustion chamber, and round platform shape blunt disk cuts apart into a plurality of even gas to spraying all around with the central gas of central gas injection way 1, has promoted the mixture and the burning of gas.
The invention adopts a flue gas recirculation technology to enable a part of high-temperature flue gas to flow back to the central fuel gas injection passage 1, the main fuel gas pipeline 5 and the swirl gas channel, the flue gas at the outlet of the combustion chamber flows through the fuel gas channels at all stages through recirculation, and the concentration of the fuel gas is reduced by the return flue gas, so that the emission of nitrogen oxides is reduced.
The central gas injection passage 1 and the main gas pipeline 5 are filled with direct-current gas, the direct-current air passage 6 is filled with direct-current air, the central air passage 2 and the rotational-flow air rotational-flow blades 3 are filled with rotational-flow air, and the rotational-flow gas is filled through the rotational-flow air rotational-flow blades 4. Therefore, the central air adopts the rotational flow air, the flow velocity of air in the horizontal direction can be reduced, the mixing of central gas and the central air is improved, meanwhile, an outward-expanding flow field formed by the rotational flow forms an internal flue gas backflow in a central area, the backflow high-temperature flue gas is beneficial to maintaining the energy required by central gas ignition, and the stability of the central gas is improved. The rotational flow wind flows through the rotational flow wind rotational flow blades 3, and wrapped rotational flow wind is formed outside the flow pattern of the central rotational flow wind, so that excessive air is provided for peripheral fuel gas, and the combustion time of the air and the fuel gas is prolonged. The direct current wind adopted at the outermost side is helpful for forming high-temperature flue gas backflow inside the hearth at the root of the flame. The temperature of flame root is improved on the one hand in the flue gas backward flow, improves the stability of flame, and on the other hand backward flow flue gas has diluted gas concentration, reduces the gas calorific value, slows down the burning rate of gas.
In the invention, the equivalence ratio of the fuel gas is controlled to be about 1.2, the lowest nitrogen oxide emission can be achieved, and the final purpose of low nitrogen emission of the ammonia low nitrogen combustor is realized.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the combustor is the hierarchical combustor, can promote the mixture of gas and air, promotes the gas burning for the combustion chamber heat load is more even, thereby reduces nitrogen oxide's emission.
2. The angle of the swirl vanes of the burner is controllable, and the real-time adaptability of the burner to different combustion conditions can be improved by controlling the swirl direction of the swirl vanes through an external control device.
3. The combustion device introduces a flue gas backflow technology, and the backflow flue gas flows back to the combustion chamber through the central gas injection passage 1, the cyclone wind cyclone blades 3 and the main gas pipeline 5, so that the gas concentration can be reduced, and the emission of nitrogen oxides is reduced.
4. The combustor front end installs flame additional and cuts apart ring 8, cuts apart into a plurality of regions through sheltering from the air exit, improves the area of contact of flame frontal and air, avoids the appearance of heat load concentrated region.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a perspective view of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic right view of the ammonia low nitrogen multi-stage cyclonic burner shown in FIG. 1.
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the ammonia-low nitrogen multi-stage cyclone burner shown in FIG. 1.
Fig. 4 is an exploded view of the ammonia low-nitrogen multi-stage cyclone burner shown in fig. 1.
FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a swirl cyclonic blade.
Reference numerals: 1. a central gas injection passage; 2. a central wind channel; 3. a swirl wind swirl vane; 4. a swirl cyclonic blade; 5. a main gas pipeline; 6. a direct current air channel; 7. an outer air duct; 8. a flame divider ring; 9. an inner air duct; 41. a fixed shaft; 42. a blade; 43. and an outer mounting ring.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and examples.
The invention relates to a multi-stage cyclone burner, one end of which is connected with a combustion chamber, and the other end of which is provided with an air inlet device and a gas valve bank; the combustion chamber is provided with an ignition device for igniting the gas.
The structure of the staged burner of the invention refers to fig. 1 to 5, and comprises an outer air cylinder 7, an inner air cylinder 9 and a central fuel gas injection passage 1 which are coaxially arranged, wherein the inner air cylinder 9 is supported and fixed inside the outer air cylinder 7 through a connecting rod. The outer wind barrel 7 is connected with the cylindrical combustion chamber, and the front end of the outer wind barrel can adopt a gradually expanding channel to promote the mixing and the sufficient combustion of the gas on the inner peripheral surface of the outer wind barrel.
A direct-current air channel 6 is formed between the inner wall of the outer air duct 7 and the outer wall of the inner air duct 9, a plurality of main fuel gas pipelines 5 are uniformly distributed on the outer wall of the inner air duct 9 along the circumferential direction, and the inner air duct 9 is a coaxial swirl air channel, central air channel 2 and central fuel gas injection channel 1 from outside to inside.
The central gas injection passage 1, the cyclone gas passage and the main gas pipeline 5 divide gas into three parts; the central air channel 2, the direct-current air channel 6 and the rotational-flow air channel divide the air into three parts, namely, the combustor has a three-stage air channel and a three-stage fuel gas channel, and pure ammonia gas is introduced into the fuel gas channel.
The blunt disk is arranged at the center of the opening at the front end of the central gas injection passage 1 and is vertical to the axis of the central gas injection passage 1, the blunt disk is in a round platform shape, the cone angle of the round platform is 45 degrees, the small bottom surface of the round platform is positioned at the front end and is sealed, a plurality of small holes are formed in the side surface of the round platform along the circumferential direction, the axes of the small holes are vertical to the bus of the round platform, the central gas is injected into the combustion chamber through the small holes, the round platform-shaped blunt disk divides the central gas of the central gas injection passage 1 into a plurality of uniform gases which are injected all around, and the mixing and combustion of the gases are promoted.
The swirl air channel is internally provided with swirl air swirl blades 4, and the swirl air channel is internally provided with swirl air swirl blades 3, specifically, the swirl air swirl fan is provided with an inner mounting ring outside the blunt disc, the inner mounting ring is arranged between the central gas injection channel 1 and the swirl air swirl blades 3 and is coaxial with the outer air barrel 7 and used for fixing the swirl air swirl blades 3, a central air channel 2 is formed between the inner peripheral surface of the inner mounting ring and the outer peripheral surface of the central gas injection channel 1, and the inner mounting ring and the outer mounting ring are supported and fixed inside the outer air barrel 7 through a connecting rod. Namely, the inner mounting ring outer peripheral surface is an attachment surface, a plurality of swirl flow blades 3 are circumferentially arrayed, the outer mounting ring is arranged at the outlet of the front end of the outer wind barrel 7 and is coaxial with the outer wind barrel 7, and the outer mounting ring outer peripheral surface is an attachment surface, and a plurality of swirl flow blades 4 are circumferentially arrayed. The rotational directions of the rotational flow air rotational flow blades 4 and the rotational flow air rotational flow blades 3 are opposite, so that the mixing of rotational flow air and rotational flow air is further promoted, the fuel gas backflow area is increased, the combustion heat load is more uniform, and the combustion is more sufficient.
Referring to fig. 5 specifically, in this embodiment, the swirling wind swirling blades 3 rotate rightwards, the swirling air swirling blades 4 rotate leftwards, both the swirling wind swirling blades 3 and the swirling air swirling blades 4 include a plurality of blades 42, a plurality of fixed shafts 41 are radially radiated from a mounting ring 43 (specifically, an inner mounting ring or an outer mounting ring), each blade 42 is fixedly connected with the fixed shaft 41, the blades 42 radially penetrate through the fixed shaft 41, the fixed shafts 41 are circumferentially arrayed on the periphery of the mounting ring 43 (specifically, the inner mounting ring or the outer mounting ring), and the fixed shafts 41 can rotate relative to the mounting ring 43, so that the blade angle can be adjusted, and the rotating direction of the swirling wind swirling blades 3 or the swirling air swirling blades 4 can be controlled by externally controlling the rotating fixed shafts 41. Therefore, the rotating direction of the swirl vanes can be manually controlled according to different combustion working conditions, and the real-time adaptability of the combustor to different working conditions is improved.
Through the structure, the fuel and air are classified in the inner air duct 9, namely, the inner air duct comprises a rotational flow air duct with right-handed rotational flow blades and a rotational flow air duct with left-handed rotational flow blades; each swirl vane is connected with the mounting ring through a shaft, the shafts are fixedly connected with the vanes, and the shafts can rotate so as to change the angle of the vanes.
The main gas pipeline 5 is arranged in the direct current air channel 6, a plurality of direct current air channels are arranged in an annular array by taking the outer mounting ring as the center, and the front end of the direct current air channel extends out of the gradually expanding outer air duct 7 channel head cover and inclines upwards towards the central axis of the main gas pipeline 5. The main gas pipeline 5 is composed of two sections, the first section is along the axial direction of the burner, the second section is inclined outwards along the radial direction on the front end surface higher than the inner air cylinder 9, and the included angle between the axial line of the second section and the axial line of the burner is 45 degrees. From this, center gas and whirl gas mainly distribute in the whirl dish region, form the mixed layer in center, and main gas is outwards spout the distribution in combustor tube wall outer lane region to one side, forms the mixed layer in outer lane. Design like this can make the gas hierarchical back, and flame presents "petal" form on the tangent plane, has increased the area of flame frontal surface, increases the area of contact of air with the gas to promote the mixture of air and gas, reduced local temperature, make the regional heat load distribution of burning comparatively even.
The gas has a flame to cut apart ring 8 with the air passage front end, flame cuts apart ring 8 and comprises two rings and a plurality of radial distribution's spoke, wherein two rings are located whirl wind passageway and direct current wind passageway 6 the place ahead respectively, flame cuts apart ring 8 and cuts apart through sheltering from the air outlet, cut apart into a plurality of regions with flame, and non-gathering together, thereby form the flame shape of similar "petal" form, improve the area of contact of flame frontal and air, make the burning more abundant, avoid the appearance of heat load concentrated region.
The invention can adopt a flue gas recirculation technology to reflux a part of high-temperature flue gas to the central gas injection passage 1, the main gas passage 5 and the swirl gas passage, the flue gas at the outlet of the combustion chamber flows through the gas passages at all stages through recirculation, and the concentration of the fuel gas is reduced by the refluxed flue gas, thereby reducing the emission of nitrogen oxides.
In the invention, the central gas injection passage 1 and the main gas pipeline 5 are filled with direct current gas, the direct current air passage 6 is filled with direct current air, the central air passage 2 and the rotational flow air rotational flow blades 3 are filled with rotational flow air, and the rotational flow gas is filled through the rotational flow air rotational flow blades 4. Fuel and air are mixed in a layered mode, and the mixing effect of fuel gas and air is enhanced. And the heat radiation transmission between the component and the surrounding high-temperature environment is slowed down, and the service life of the component is prolonged.
During combustion, the central gas and the swirling gas are mainly distributed in the region of the swirling disc to form a central mixed layer, wherein the swirling gas is fuel gas with backflow of flue gas; the main fuel gas is sprayed outwards and distributed in the outer ring area of the combustor cylinder wall in an inclined mode to form an outer ring mixing layer. Combustion flame is transmitted layer by layer from inside to outside along the radial direction and the axial direction, rapid mixing of gas and air is promoted, diffusion combustion from inside to outside is achieved, nitrogen oxide mass concentration rising caused by a local high-temperature area is avoided, flame fullness is good, and combustion stability is strong.
In this embodiment, the swirl wind swirl vanes 3 and the swirl cyclonic flow vanes 4 are both flat plate structures. The deflection directions of the swirl cyclonic blades 4 and the swirl wind swirling blades 3 are opposite. Therefore, the mass transfer and the heat transfer of the swirling air and the swirling gas of the smoke backflow are stronger, and the combustion is more sufficient; is favorable for heat and mass exchange of the flame front, and improves the service life of important parts and the pollutant emission level. The angle of the swirl vanes is recommended to be about 60 degrees, and the adjustable angle of the swirl vanes is preferably 30 degrees to 60 degrees.
In this embodiment, the included angle between the tail end of the main gas pipeline 5 and the central axis is about 45 degrees. The main fuel gas is sprayed outwards and distributed in the outer ring area of the combustor cylinder wall in an inclined mode to form an outer ring mixing layer. Promote the rapid mixing of gas and air, avoid local high temperature zone to lead to nitrogen oxide mass concentration to rise, reduce nitrogen oxide and discharge.
In this embodiment, a suspension bracket is provided on the inner wall of the outer wind tube 7 corresponding to the main gas duct 5, and the main gas duct 5 is axially movably mounted on the suspension bracket. Through adjusting main gas pipeline 5's displacement, under the condition that does not change the wind pressure, can adjust flame's length by self-adaptation, adjust the operating mode adaptability of combustor, improve the work efficiency of combustor, easy operation, easy maintenance moreover.
The whole combustion chamber is under the rich combustion condition, and the equivalence ratio of the fuel is controlled to be about 1.2. In which case the lowest nitrogen oxide emissions can be obtained.
The embodiments of the present invention are preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited in sequence, so: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the invention shall be covered by the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. A multistage cyclone burner with low ammonia nitrogen comprises an outer air barrel (7) and an inner air barrel (9), wherein a direct-current air channel (6) is formed between the inner wall of the outer air barrel (7) and the outer wall of the inner air barrel (9), a plurality of main fuel gas pipelines (5) are uniformly distributed on the outer wall of the inner air barrel (9) along the circumferential direction, the inner air barrel (9) is a cyclone gas channel, a cyclone air channel, a central air channel (2) and a central fuel gas injection channel (1) which are coaxial from outside to inside, and the central fuel gas injection channel (1), the cyclone gas channel and the main fuel gas pipelines (5) divide fuel gas into three parts; the central wind channel (2), the direct current wind channel (6) and the rotational wind channel divide the air into three parts, which is characterized in that,
the front end of the fuel gas and air channel is provided with a flame dividing ring (8), the flame dividing ring (8) consists of two circular rings and a plurality of spokes which are distributed radially, wherein the two circular rings are respectively positioned in front of the rotational flow air channel and the direct flow air channel (6), and the flame dividing ring (8) divides the flame into a plurality of areas by shielding and dividing the air outlet;
the main gas pipeline (5) is composed of two sections, the first section is along the axial direction of the combustor, the second section is inclined outwards along the radial direction on the front end surface higher than the inner air cylinder (9), and the included angle between the axial line of the second section and the axial line of the combustor is 45 degrees;
a blunt disc is arranged at the center of an opening at the front end of the central gas injection channel (1), the blunt disc is vertical to the axis of the central gas injection channel (1), a through hole is arranged on the blunt disc, an inner mounting ring is arranged outside the blunt disc, a central air channel (2) is arranged between the outer peripheral surface of the inner mounting ring and the outer peripheral surface of the blunt disc, the outer peripheral surface of the inner mounting ring is an attachment surface, a plurality of cyclone air cyclone blades (3) are circumferentially distributed in an array manner, an outer mounting ring coaxial with the outer air duct (7) is arranged at the front end outlet of the outer air duct (7), the outer peripheral surface of the outer mounting ring is an attachment surface, and a plurality of cyclone air cyclone blades (4) are circumferentially distributed in an array manner;
the rotational flow wind rotational flow blades (3) rotate rightwards, a plurality of fixed shafts are radially radiated from the inner mounting ring, each blade is fixedly connected with the fixed shafts, and the fixed shafts can rotate relative to the inner mounting ring, so that the angle of the blades can be adjusted; the swirl cyclonic blade (4) rotates leftwards, a plurality of fixed shafts are radially radiated from the periphery of the outer mounting ring, each blade is fixedly connected with the fixed shafts, and the fixed shafts can rotate relative to the outer mounting ring, so that the angle of the blade can be adjusted.
2. The ammonia low-nitrogen multi-stage cyclone burner according to claim 1, wherein the front end of the outer wind barrel (7) is of a divergent structure and is connected with a cylindrical combustion chamber.
3. The ammonia low-nitrogen multi-stage cyclone burner according to claim 1, wherein a cyclone gas cyclone blade (4) is arranged in the cyclone gas channel, a cyclone wind cyclone blade (3) is arranged in the cyclone wind channel, and the rotational directions of the cyclone gas cyclone blade (4) and the cyclone wind cyclone blade (3) are opposite.
4. The ammonia low-nitrogen multistage cyclone burner as claimed in claim 1, wherein the blunt disc is in the shape of a circular truncated cone, the cone angle of the circular truncated cone is 45 degrees, the small bottom surface of the circular truncated cone is positioned at the front end and is closed, a plurality of small holes are formed in the side surface of the circular truncated cone along the circumferential direction, the axes of the small holes are perpendicular to the generatrix of the circular truncated cone, and central fuel gas is jetted into the combustion chamber through the small holes.
5. The ammonia low-nitrogen multistage cyclone burner according to claim 1, characterized in that a flue gas recirculation technology is adopted to recirculate a part of high-temperature flue gas to the central fuel gas injection passage (1), the main fuel gas pipe (5) and the cyclone gas channel.
6. The ammonia low-nitrogen multi-stage cyclone burner according to claim 1, characterized in that the central gas injection passage (1) and the main gas pipeline (5) are fed with direct-current gas, the direct-current air passage (6) is fed with direct-current air, the central air passage (2) is fed with cyclone air via the cyclone air cyclone blades (3), and the cyclone gas is fed via the cyclone air cyclone blades (4).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
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| CN113739151B (en) * | 2021-08-16 | 2024-03-19 | 江苏大学 | Double-tube bidirectional cyclone burner |
| EP4417867A1 (en) * | 2021-11-23 | 2024-08-21 | Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences | Gas-air mixing structure and burner |
| CN114607858B (en) * | 2022-03-07 | 2023-03-31 | 西安交通大学 | Hydrogen high-altitude discharge port structure, discharge system and pipeline angle control method |
| CN115143490B (en) * | 2022-06-15 | 2023-08-01 | 南京航空航天大学 | Combustion chamber with circumferential staggered opposite flushing jet flow and full-ring large-scale rotational flow coupling |
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| CN102278756A (en) * | 2011-08-10 | 2011-12-14 | 大连经济技术开发区水国燃烧器有限公司 | Dual-cyclone combustor |
| CN203628654U (en) * | 2013-12-05 | 2014-06-04 | 西安西热锅炉环保工程有限公司 | Ultralow-nitrogen multistage intensity adjustable swirl-opposed gas combustor |
| CN204285464U (en) * | 2014-12-08 | 2015-04-22 | 武汉钢铁(集团)公司 | A kind of radiation pipe burner tip burning torch |
| US20180266678A1 (en) * | 2017-03-16 | 2018-09-20 | Detroit Stoker Company | Staged burner |
| CN209639014U (en) * | 2019-01-30 | 2019-11-15 | 陕西宏远燃烧设备有限公司 | Low NO spray head |
| CN209876922U (en) * | 2019-03-30 | 2019-12-31 | 华侨大学 | Multi-stage cyclone burner |
| CN110332535B (en) * | 2019-08-13 | 2024-05-03 | 岳阳钟鼎热工电磁科技有限公司 | Super-load water cooling low NOxGas burner |
| CN110631017B (en) * | 2019-10-29 | 2020-11-27 | 深圳市佳运通电子有限公司 | Double-rotation thin-wall fire-shaped combustion head for low-nitrogen combustor |
| CN211822364U (en) * | 2020-01-08 | 2020-10-30 | 福建鼎元热能技术有限公司 | Environment-friendly combustor |
| CN112212360A (en) * | 2020-10-30 | 2021-01-12 | 上海电气燃气轮机有限公司 | Swirler with adjustable blade angle and combustion device |
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