CN102393015A - Dense-phase spiral-flow pulverized-coal burner - Google Patents

Dense-phase spiral-flow pulverized-coal burner Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102393015A
CN102393015A CN201110139317XA CN201110139317A CN102393015A CN 102393015 A CN102393015 A CN 102393015A CN 201110139317X A CN201110139317X A CN 201110139317XA CN 201110139317 A CN201110139317 A CN 201110139317A CN 102393015 A CN102393015 A CN 102393015A
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China
Prior art keywords
wind
flow
coal
pulverized
passage
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CN201110139317XA
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
李月华
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Shanghai Boiler Works Co Ltd
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Shanghai Boiler Works Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201110139317XA priority Critical patent/CN102393015A/en
Priority to PCT/CN2012/071214 priority patent/WO2012163107A1/en
Priority to PL403824A priority patent/PL403824A1/en
Publication of CN102393015A publication Critical patent/CN102393015A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23CMETHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C7/00Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply
    • F23C7/002Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply the air being submitted to a rotary or spinning motion
    • F23C7/004Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply the air being submitted to a rotary or spinning motion using vanes
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23DBURNERS
    • F23D1/00Burners for combustion of pulverulent fuel
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23DBURNERS
    • F23D17/00Burners for combustion conjointly or alternatively of gaseous or liquid or pulverulent fuel
    • F23D17/007Burners for combustion conjointly or alternatively of gaseous or liquid or pulverulent fuel liquid or pulverulent fuel
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23CMETHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C2201/00Staged combustion
    • F23C2201/20Burner staging
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23DBURNERS
    • F23D2201/00Burners adapted for particulate solid or pulverulent fuels
    • F23D2201/20Fuel flow guiding devices

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a dense-phase spiral-flow pulverized-coal burner, which comprises a primary-wind passage, a direct-flow secondary-wind passage and an outermost-side spiral-flow secondary-wind passage; in the straight-pipe segment of the primary-wind passage, a plurality of stages of pulverized-coal concentrating rings are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of an oil-gun sleeve pipe, so that the inner-dense outer-thin gas-flow distribution of pulverized coal is formed at a primary-wind spraying opening. In the invention, a turbulent flow which is formed after the dense-phase pulverized coal at the periphery of the primary-wind spraying opening passing through a guiding vane is sprayed into a hearth and is rapidly and sufficiently mixed with high-temperature reflowing smoke gas at an outlet, and meanwhile, a thin pulverized-coal flow at the central side is jetted into the hearth by being kept as a direct flow, so that the later-stage mixing and burning of the pulverized-coal flow are ensured. A primary-wind part and a secondary-wind part are respectively provided with a spraying-opening taper-reaming structure at a certain angle, so that the timely mixing of the secondary wind and the pulverized coal is effectively controlled. The dense-phase spiral-flow pulverized-coal burner has strong firing and burning-stabilizing performance and strong coal adaptability; meanwhile the dense-phase spiral-flow pulverized-coal burner has the characteristic of low-nitrogen oxide discharge; and the structure of the primary-wind passage is simple, the resistance is small, and the abrading speed of parts is effectively slowed.

Description

A kind of concentrated phase vortex burner
Technical field
The present invention relates to the used a kind of concentrated phase vortex burner of coal burning boiler of power station technical field, particularly coal-burning boiler.
Background technology
In recent years; Along with the increasingly stringent of country to the control of coal-fired power station boiler discharged nitrous oxides; The low NOx complete sets of Techniques low-NOx combustor technology of a kind of full burner hearth fractional combustion has obtained extensive use, wherein in wall formula boiler, has formed the low NOx cyclone Burner Technology of various schools.
On wall formula boiler; For in stove, effectively reducing the nitrogen oxide that burns and produce; Full burner hearth grading combustion technology adopts (being the burner region that coal dust is sent into burner hearth for satisfying after-flame from primary combustion zone in the early stage technology; Call the primary zone in the following text) part of the oxygen amount sent into postpones to send into burner hearth from the special air port of upper furnace, and the aerochemistry equivalent proportion that makes the primary zone promptly forms anoxycausis atmosphere less than 1; Between primary zone and air port, top (burning-out zone), form the reducing atmosphere zone simultaneously, early stage nitrogen oxide is fully reduced.Simultaneously applied turbulent burner also adopts bias combustion and multichannel air stage feeding form mostly, and on the mixing opportunity of control wind powder, the reducing atmosphere of formation burner region reaches the purpose that burner region reduces nitrogen oxide.
Yet, through the said burner The Application of Technology, have the problem of 3 aspects at present: 1, for making the breeze airflow in the wind passage circumferentially evenly also effectively be separated into deep or light 2 strands; Structure is relative complex often; Not only strengthen SR, increased fans load and station service, also in passage, produced wearing and tearing simultaneously easily; Shorten the life cycle of equipment, increased the operation expense of power plant; 2, the bad adaptability of coal, particularly along with China's thermal coal qualitative change is poor, the actual coal of the using steady combustion performance of catching fire does not all reach former designing requirement, and wild effect usually appears in burner outlet flame during the boiler peak regulation; 3, the later stage mixed performance of wind breeze airflow and burner nozzle secondary wind air-flow is poor, and the loss of boiler uncombusted increases.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of concentrated phase vortex burner that is applied to coal burning boiler of power station, it is strengthened the dense phase pulverized coal air-flow and exports mixing of high temperature recirculation zone through spout dense phase pulverized coal flow-disturbing, reaches catching fire fast and smooth combustion of coal dust; Simultaneously can control secondary wind and mix, strengthen the later stage of breeze airflow and mix and fully burning with the in good time of a wind; And an inner Pulverized Coal Concentration ring in air channel is simple in structure, and resistance is little, has effectively delayed wearing and tearing, has prolonged the working service cycle of equipment.
In order to achieve the above object, technical scheme of the present invention provides a kind of concentrated phase vortex burner, and it comprises:
A wind passage, its be provided with successively be communicated with lower component: as the elbow section of coal dust import, the straight length of horizontal arrangement, and the spout of a wind; Be furnished with the oil gun sleeve pipe on the central shaft in said straight length, establish the burner torch oil gun in this oil gun sleeve pipe;
Also comprise: the direct current secondary air channel, its spout outer wall around a said wind passage is provided with; And, the swirl secondary air passage, its spout outer wall around said direct current secondary air channel is provided with; Said direct current secondary air channel and swirl secondary air passage are at same big bellows inner air-distributing.Be provided with in the said direct current secondary air channel and carry out the adjusting device that air quantity is regulated; Be provided with in the said swirl secondary air passage and carry out the adjusting device that the eddy flow monsoon intensity is regulated.
Wherein, be provided with the coal dust homogenizing plate in the elbow section of a said wind passage, its central shaft along this elbow section is arranged, and in this elbow section, is divided into two-layer gas channel; Said coal dust homogenizing plate one end is positioned at the import of said elbow section, and the other end extends to the outlet of said elbow section, and promptly the position that is communicated with straight length of elbow section makes breeze airflow pass through circumferentially evenly distributing and getting into said straight length after this elbow section.
In the said wind passage straight length, the axially spaced-apart of the said oil gun sleeve pipe in edge is furnished with some grades Pulverized Coal Concentration ring; The said Pulverized Coal Concentration ring of each grade is the reamer structure that is provided with around said oil gun sleeve pipe outer rim; The opening of its reamer is towards the spout of a said wind, through make behind the some grades of reamers breeze airflow the spout place of a said wind forms outside dense in light breeze airflow distribution.
Preferably, be arranged at intervals with 2 ~ 3 grades of Pulverized Coal Concentration rings on the oil gun sleeve pipe of said straight length, the size of said Pulverized Coal Concentration rings at different levels is amplified step by step.The reamer angle of the said Pulverized Coal Concentration ring of each grade is in 10 ° ~ 25 ° scope.
The spout place of a said wind passage circumferentially evenly is furnished with some guide vanes around its inwall; The zone, path of the dense phase pulverized coal air-flow that position and said spout periphery are set of those guide vanes is complementary, and only the dense phase pulverized coal of said periphery is carried out disturbance, and makes the dense phase pulverized coal air-flow form certain rotation direction ejection; And the light phase breeze airflow of said spout central side directly sprays into outside burner hearth.
Preferably, the spout place of a said wind passage is provided with 10 ~ 20 said guide vane around its inwall.Each guide vane and wind channel axis to angle be 10 ° ~ 30 °, and guide vane is 0.05 ~ 0.1 times of this wind channel diameter along the radial height of a wind passage.
The spout outer wall of a said wind passage, direct current secondary air channel, swirl secondary air passage is respectively arranged with and expands the flow cone structure; Said some expansion flow cone structures, the direction towards outside burner hearth is provided with its reamer opening respectively, to postpone the incorporation time of secondary wind and a wind.
Preferably, the reamer angle of said some expansion flow cone structures all is less than or equal to 45 °.
Compared with prior art, concentrated phase vortex burner according to the invention, its advantage is: through the coal dust homogenizing plate, circumferentially form two-layer relatively uniformly in the air channel when wind gets among the present invention; Afterwards because the effect of some grades of Pulverized Coal Concentration rings in the straight horizontal pipeline section, make wind through reamer act on the spout place form outer dense in light air-flow distribution form.
Owing on the spout of wind and secondary wind, be provided with expansion flow cone structure respectively, make secondary wind the effect decurrence of reamer late with the incorporation time of a wind; Through the reasonable control of reamer angle,, the nitrogen oxide at initial stage is fully reduced in the inner oxygen deficient atmospheres that forms of the initial stage of catching fire wind.The in good time mixing of primary and secondary air can make the spout water-cooling wall be in for a long time in the oxidizing atmosphere, prevents that effectively the slagging scorification of burner region water-cooling wall and high temperature corrosion from taking place.
Simultaneously because the reamer effect of a wind snout forms the high temperature gases recirculating district in the spout periphery; Through arranging some guide vanes at a wind passage spout inwall; Make dense phase pulverized coal before spraying into burner hearth, obtain disturbance; And form certain rotation direction and spray into said high temperature gases recirculating district, thereby carry out mixed combustion consumingly, reach quick igniting and strengthen the purpose of steady combustion.
In addition, the light phase coal dust of a wind snout central side is injected burner hearth with direct current, has kept the rigidity of a wind, and primary and secondary air can be mixed and after-flame in the later stage fully.
Therefore, the present invention has stronger change coal adaptive capacity.To different coals,, can control the deep or light separation degree of coal dust through the design that the reamer angle and the progression of Pulverized Coal Concentration ring are arranged; Through radial height and the guide vane and the axially design of angle of cut size of guide vane, can control flow-disturbing size to dense phase pulverized coal; Through the expansion flow cone structure of a wind snout, can control the size of high temperature recirculation zone.And can regulate the swirl strength of secondary wind through adjusting device to the variation of when operation ature of coal, to adapt to the requirement with steady combustion of catching fire of different atures of coal.
A wind channel design of the present invention is simple, the abrasionproof function admirable; Integral body is caught fire, and surely combustion property is strong, and ature of coal adaptability is good; The characteristics that have efficient and low-nitrogen oxide discharging simultaneously.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the general structure cutaway view of concentrated phase vortex burner according to the invention;
Fig. 2 is the sketch map of the guide vane arrangement of burner nozzle described in the present invention.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the description of drawings specific embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1; Concentrated phase vortex burner according to the invention (hereinafter to be referred as burner); Comprise wind passage 1 one time; The direct current secondary air channel 2 that is provided with around the spout outer wall of a wind passage 1, and the swirl secondary air passage 3 that is provided with around the spout outer wall of said direct current secondary air channel 2.Said direct current secondary air channel 2 and swirl secondary air passage 3 are at same big bellows inner air-distributing.
Wherein, a said wind passage 1 be provided with successively be communicated with lower component: as the elbow section of coal dust import, the straight length of horizontal arrangement, and the spout of a wind.On the central shaft in the straight length of a wind passage 1, be furnished with oil gun sleeve pipe 4; Establish the burner torch oil gun in this oil gun sleeve pipe 4.
In the elbow section of a wind passage 1, be provided with coal dust homogenizing plate 5, it arranges along central shaft of this elbow section, and be divided in this elbow section near with the two-layer gas channel in the inboard and the outside away from the turning center of circle; These coal dust homogenizing plate 5 one ends are positioned at the import of said elbow section, and the other end extends to the outlet of said elbow section, i.e. the position that is communicated with straight length of elbow section.Therefore; When wind breeze airflow elbow section through a said wind passage 1 gets into; When getting into the straight length of said level again, formed two-layer equally distributed air-flow up and down, guaranteed that coal dust is circumferentially even relatively in the exit of elbow section via said coal dust homogenizing plate 5.
Further, in the straight horizontal pipeline section of a said wind passage 1, said oil gun sleeve pipe 4 axially spaced-aparts in edge are furnished with 2 ~ 3 grades Pulverized Coal Concentration ring 6; The said Pulverized Coal Concentration ring 6 of each grade is the reamer structures that are provided with around said oil gun sleeve pipe 4 outer rims, and the opening of its reamer expands cone angle in 10 ° ~ 25 ° scope towards said spout; The size of said Pulverized Coal Concentration rings 6 at different levels is amplified step by step.Equally distributed breeze airflow during through above-mentioned coal dust homogenizing plate 5 effects and at the entering straight length; After passing through the reamer structure of the said Pulverized Coal Concentration ring 6 of each grade successively; Because can remaining on the interior periphery away from central shaft of this wind passage 1 straight length, effect of inertia, most of breeze airflow flow; The air stream of carrying the parts of fine coal dust secretly is then because inertia is little in straight length, more flows near the central side of central shaft, last outside the spout place of a said wind passage 1 forms dense in light breeze airflow distribution form.
Cooperation is referring to Fig. 1, shown in Figure 2, and the spout place of a said wind passage 1 circumferentially evenly is furnished with some guide vanes 7 around its inwall, and blade quantity is 10 ~ 20; Each guide vane 7 is 10 ° ~ 30 ° with this wind passage 1 axial angle, and the radial height of the wind passage 1 in edge is 0.05 ~ 0.1 times of this wind passage 1 diameter.That is to say that said some guide vanes 7 are arranged in the zone of flowing through of above-mentioned passage periphery dense phase pulverized coal, before spraying into burner hearth, increased the disturbance of concentrated phase air-flow, make it to form certain rotation direction ejection; And the light phase breeze airflow of central side then still sprays in the burner hearth for direct current and along the axis of passage.
On a said wind passage 1, direct current secondary air channel 2, the swirl secondary air passage 3; Spout outer wall towards burner hearth one end; Be respectively arranged with and expand the flow cone structure, corresponding to sequence number 8,9,10 expressions in Fig. 1, thus secondary wind is postponed and the incorporation time of a wind under the reamer effect.Through controlling rational reamer angle, can the nitrogen oxide at initial stage fully be reduced the inner oxygen deficient atmospheres that forms of wind at the initial stage of catching fire.The corresponding flow cone structure 8,9,10 that expands, it preferably expands cone angle beta 1, β 2, β 3 separately and all is less than or equal to 45 °.
In addition, being arranged on of flow cone structure 8 is inner to form negative pressure owing to expand, thereby can entrainment high-temperature flue gas at the spout of a wind passage 1, forms the high temperature gases recirculating district of annular.Like this, the dense phase pulverized coal air-flow that is positioned at a wind snout periphery is directly being injected said high temperature gases recirculating district through behind the flow-disturbing of guide vane 7, strong mixing can make breeze airflow moment obtain that huge heat heats up and fire burns.
Simultaneously, according to the layout that expands flow cone structure 8 and 9, and, control the opportunity that secondary wind is sneaked into a wind by the adjusting device 11 and 12 that is provided for regulating air quantity and eddy flow monsoon intensity in direct current secondary air channel 2 and the swirl secondary air passage 3 respectively.The in good time mixing of primary and secondary air can make the spout water-cooling wall be in for a long time in the oxidizing atmosphere, prevents that effectively the slagging scorification of burner region water-cooling wall and high temperature corrosion from taking place.
And; Be positioned at the light phase breeze airflow of a wind snout central side;, do not kept the rigidity of a wind and can inject certain depth in the stove, later stage intense mixing under the flow-disturbing of swirl secondary air along axially directly the spraying in the stove of air channel owing to there is the flow-disturbing effect; Guaranteed breeze airflow later stage mixing and burning, made burner reach the purpose of the efficient after-flame of coal dust in the anoxycausis nitrogen oxides reduction in early stage.
Therefore, the present invention has stronger change coal adaptive capacity.To different coals,, can control the deep or light separation degree of coal dust through the design that the reamer angle and the progression of Pulverized Coal Concentration ring 6 are arranged; Through radial height and the guide vane 7 and the axially design of angle of cut size of guide vane 7, can control flow-disturbing size to dense phase pulverized coal; Through the expansion flow cone structure 8 of a wind snout, can control the size of high temperature recirculation zone.And can regulate the swirl strength of secondary wind through adjusting device 11,12 to the variation of when operation ature of coal, to adapt to the requirement with steady combustion of catching fire of different atures of coal.
The present invention is simple in structure, the abrasionproof function admirable; The steady combustion property of catching fire is strong, and ature of coal adaptability is good; The characteristics that have efficient and low-nitrogen oxide discharging simultaneously.
Although content of the present invention has been done detailed introduction through above-mentioned preferred embodiment, will be appreciated that above-mentioned description should not be considered to limitation of the present invention.After those skilled in the art have read foregoing, for multiple modification of the present invention with to substitute all will be conspicuous.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be limited appended claim.

Claims (10)

1. a concentrated phase vortex burner is characterized in that, comprises:
A wind passage (1), its be provided with successively be communicated with lower component: as the elbow section of coal dust import, the straight length of horizontal arrangement, and the spout of a wind; Be furnished with oil gun sleeve pipe (4) on the central shaft in said straight length, establish the burner torch oil gun in this oil gun sleeve pipe (4);
Also comprise: direct current secondary air channel (2), its spout outer wall around a said wind passage (1) is provided with; And, swirl secondary air passage (3), its spout outer wall around said direct current secondary air channel (2) is provided with; Said direct current secondary air channel (2) and swirl secondary air passage (3) are at same big bellows inner air-distributing;
Wherein, in a said wind passage (1) straight length, the axially spaced-apart of the said oil gun sleeve pipe in edge (4) is furnished with some grades Pulverized Coal Concentration ring (6); The said Pulverized Coal Concentration ring of each grade (6) is the reamer structure that is provided with around said oil gun sleeve pipe (4) outer rim; The opening of its reamer is towards the spout of a said wind, make breeze airflow through some grades of reamers after the spout place of a said wind forms outside dense in light breeze airflow distribution.
2. concentrated phase vortex burner according to claim 1 is characterized in that,
Be provided with coal dust homogenizing plate (5) in the elbow section of a said wind passage (1), its central shaft along this elbow section is arranged, and in this elbow section, is divided into two-layer gas channel;
Said coal dust homogenizing plate (5) one ends are positioned at the import of said elbow section, and the other end extends to the outlet of said elbow section, and promptly the position that is communicated with straight length of elbow section makes breeze airflow pass through circumferentially evenly distributing and getting into said straight length after this elbow section.
3. concentrated phase vortex burner according to claim 1 is characterized in that,
The spout place of a said wind passage (1) circumferentially evenly is furnished with some guide vanes (7) around its inwall; The zone, path of the dense phase pulverized coal air-flow that the position of those guide vanes (7) and said spout are peripheral is complementary, and makes the dense phase pulverized coal air-flow form flow-disturbing and with certain rotation direction ejection; And the light phase breeze airflow of said spout central side directly sprays into outside burner hearth.
4. concentrated phase vortex burner according to claim 1 is characterized in that,
The spout outer wall of a said wind passage (1), direct current secondary air channel (2), swirl secondary air passage (3) is respectively arranged with and expands flow cone structure (8,9,10);
Said some expansion flow cone structures (8,9,10), the direction towards outside burner hearth is provided with its reamer opening respectively, to postpone the incorporation time of secondary wind and a wind.
5. concentrated phase vortex burner according to claim 1 is characterized in that,
Be arranged at intervals with 2 ~ 3 grades of Pulverized Coal Concentration rings (6) on the oil gun sleeve pipe (4) of said straight length, the size of said Pulverized Coal Concentration rings at different levels (6) is amplified step by step.
6. like the said concentrated phase vortex burner of claim 5, it is characterized in that,
The reamer angle (α) of the said Pulverized Coal Concentration ring of each grade (6) is in 10 ° ~ 25 ° scope.
7. like the said concentrated phase vortex burner of claim 3, it is characterized in that,
The spout place of a said wind passage (1) is provided with 10 ~ 20 said guide vane (7) around its inwall.
8. like the said concentrated phase vortex burner of claim 7, it is characterized in that,
Each guide vane (7) is 10 ° ~ 30 ° with the axial angle of a wind passage (1), and the radial height of guide vane (7) the wind passage in edge (1) is 0.05 ~ 0.1 times of this wind passage (1) diameter.
9. like the said concentrated phase vortex burner of claim 4, it is characterized in that,
(β 1, β 2, β 3) all is less than or equal to 45 ° at the reamer angle of said some expansion flow cone structures (8,9,10).
10. concentrated phase vortex burner according to claim 1 is characterized in that,
Be provided with in the said direct current secondary air channel (2) and carry out the adjusting device (11) that air quantity is regulated;
Be provided with in the said swirl secondary air passage (3) and carry out the adjusting device (12) that the eddy flow monsoon intensity is regulated.
CN201110139317XA 2011-05-27 2011-05-27 Dense-phase spiral-flow pulverized-coal burner Pending CN102393015A (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201110139317XA CN102393015A (en) 2011-05-27 2011-05-27 Dense-phase spiral-flow pulverized-coal burner
PCT/CN2012/071214 WO2012163107A1 (en) 2011-05-27 2012-02-16 Dense-phase swirl pulverized coal burner
PL403824A PL403824A1 (en) 2011-05-27 2012-02-16 Pulverized coal burner fired with dense-phase turbulence

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201110139317XA CN102393015A (en) 2011-05-27 2011-05-27 Dense-phase spiral-flow pulverized-coal burner

Publications (1)

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CN102393015A true CN102393015A (en) 2012-03-28

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CN (1) CN102393015A (en)
PL (1) PL403824A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2012163107A1 (en)

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