CN112961427A - 一种鞋用耐磨剂及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明提供一种鞋用耐磨剂及其制备方法和应用,耐磨剂原料包括基体树脂、支链乙烯基硅油、气相二氧化硅,乙烯基硅烷偶联剂,过氧化物交联剂。将气相二氧化硅预先用乙烯基硅烷偶联剂进行表面处理后,与支链乙烯基硅油、基体树脂经密炼机混炼及双螺杆挤出机造粒后得到鞋用耐磨剂母粒。进一步将本发明制备的耐磨剂母粒应用于EVA鞋材发泡配方中,相对于使用市场上常见的耐磨剂,不影响配方的交联,所得EVA鞋材成品耐磨性更优,无析出,特别适用于对耐磨有高要求的运动鞋材当中。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及有机高分子化合物技术领域,提供一种鞋用耐磨剂及其制备方法和应用。
背景技术
鞋底材料出于舒适性的考虑,人们对鞋底防滑、回弹、耐磨有着更高的要求。其中以EVA材料为主体的聚烯烃改性发泡材料,具备成本低廉、易于成型的优势,但EVA发泡材料耐磨性差。硅油具有的优异润滑性能,添加到配方中能够降低材料表面的摩擦系数,提高材料表面的耐磨性能,因此硅油常作为EVA鞋材耐磨剂使用。
专利CN106009213A 公开了一种鞋用耐磨剂及其制备方法,该专利将硅油进行预交联为凝胶态结构,再在添加到EVA发泡材料中实现不析出的效果,但该发明仅对耐磨性能进行测试抗析出性能并没有相关数据指标,同时抗压缩变形也并未提及相关变化。
专利CN103242584A 公开了一种耐磨EVA鞋底料,该耐磨料选用了80-万分子量的有机硅聚合物作为耐磨剂,其中的有机硅聚合物并未提及是哪种材料。且耐磨料并未提及析出情况。
现在选用的普通硅油有甲基硅油、端乙烯基硅油,添加了这类的硅油的发泡材料均存在交联效率低、制品压缩变形差,表面光滑油腻,与其他基材黏结性能差等缺陷。为避免硅油析出,现有技术方案是选用超高分子量的硅油产品进行改善,但实际生产中发现超高分子量硅油分散难度高,共混发泡后容易出现气泡,产品报废率高。
发明内容
本发明克服现有技术不足,提供了一种鞋用耐磨剂及其制备方法和应用。所述耐磨剂对比市场上常见的鞋用耐磨剂,耐磨性更优,应用于EVA鞋材发泡配方中,不影响配方的交联,成品鞋材耐磨性能好,表面干爽无析出,易于黏着,特别适用于对耐磨有高要求的运动鞋材当中。
考虑到现有技术的诸多问题,本发明采用以下技术方案:
一种鞋用耐磨剂,所述鞋用耐磨剂的原料以质量份数计包括:基体树脂40-60份,支链乙烯基硅油30-80份,气相二氧化硅20-40份,乙烯基硅烷偶联剂0.5-1份,过氧化物交联剂0.5-1份。
所述的基体树脂为所述基体树脂为熔点不高于120℃的聚乙烯(PE)、乙烯-α烯烃共聚物(POE)、乙烯-丙烯-非共轭烯烃三元共聚物(EPDM)乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物(EVA)、乙烯-丙烯酸酯共聚物(EMA)中的一种或者多种的混合物。低熔点的基体树脂主要是作为耐磨剂组分的载体。
所述的支链乙烯基硅油,除了具有普通硅油的普遍性能(爽滑性、柔软性、光亮性、耐候性等)。分子链上的乙烯基具有良好的反应活性,可以参与自由基交联,其分子结构为:
其中m、n为正整数,且n≥100,m+n≥10000。
所述的气相二氧化硅是硅的卤化物在氢氧火焰中高温水解生产成的纳米级白色粉末,是一种无定形二氧化硅产品,原生粒径在7-40nm之间,聚集体粒径200-500nm,比表面积100-400m2/g,能够对材料起到明显的增强效果。表面未处理的气相二氧化硅聚集体表面含有多羟基结构。
所述的乙烯基硅烷偶联剂,具有常见的硅烷偶联剂能够形成有机体-硅烷偶联剂-无剂体结合层外,乙烯基结构还可以参与自由基交联。其分子结构为
其中n为正整数且n≥0,X优选甲氧基、乙氧基。优选的,乙烯基硅烷偶联剂为乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷。
所述的过氧化物交联剂为二(叔丁基过氧化异丙基)苯(BIPB)、过氧化二异丙苯、BPO、双二五、双二六中的一种或者多种。
一种鞋用耐磨剂的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)干燥:将气相二氧化硅预先在80-100℃下干燥24h以上;
(2)水解:将乙烯基硅烷偶联剂、水和乙醇按体积比1:1:8混合,制成稀释溶液,滴加冰醋酸至pH=4,室温下搅拌水解4h,将水解液及气相二氧化硅放入高速搅拌机中,搅拌机温度设定为80℃,搅拌30min后于110℃下干燥处理1h得到改性二氧化硅;
(3)密炼:将基体树脂、支链乙烯基硅油,改性二氧化硅、过氧化物交联剂加入密炼机进行熔融混合,密炼温度为90-130℃,混合时间15-30min;
(4)造粒:将步骤(3)中混好的物料转移至双螺杆挤出机中进行造粒,得到鞋用耐磨剂,其中双螺杆挤出机的螺杆加料段温度为60-80℃,输送段为80-100℃,熔融段温度为100-130℃,模口温度为90-100℃。该加工条件下物料不容易发生降解,且各个组分能够混合更均匀。
应用:所述的鞋用耐磨剂在EVA发泡鞋材中的应用。
本发明的优点在于:
本发明制备的耐磨剂的主要有效成分为支链乙烯基硅油、乙烯基硅烷、气相二氧化硅。其中,由于支链乙烯基硅油大量的乙烯基官能团(n>100)能够与基体分子链高效交联,形成的互穿网络结构,将具有耐磨性能以共价键形式结合在聚合物中,形成树脂-支链乙烯基硅油结构。对比普通硅油,例如端乙烯基硅油(n=2),仅在硅油两端含有两个乙烯基,乙烯基官能团含量很低,在交联发泡过程中参与反应的效率极低,这使得在大量使用情况下有部分未参与反应的乙烯基硅油会在材料表面析出。另一方面气相二氧化硅是一种高效补强剂,但与聚合物相容性差,将硅烷偶联剂水解为硅醇再与具备大量表面羟基的气相二氧化硅进行反应,脱水后完成对气相二氧化硅的表面处理。本发明优先的乙烯基硅烷偶联剂另一端的乙烯基基团具有较高的反应活性,能够与乙烯基基体树脂进行交联反应,形成基体树脂-硅烷偶联剂-二氧化硅结构,对材料进行耐磨和抗撕裂增强的同时降低了因材料不相容而韧性降低的问题。进一步将本发明制备的耐磨剂母粒应用于EVA鞋材发泡配方中,相对于使用市场上常见的耐磨剂,不影响EVA鞋材发泡配方的交联,所得EVA鞋材成品耐磨性更优,压缩变形能力强,并且在耐磨剂含量高的情况下不会出现析出现象,特别适用于对耐磨有高要求的运动鞋材当中。本发明提供的鞋用耐磨剂工艺简单可控,可利用现有的生产设备进行生产。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白,以下结合表及实施例对本发明进行进一步的详细说明。应当理解,此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明,并不用于限定本发明。
表1比较例及实施例耐磨剂组分及质量份数见
表1中采用的原材料参数如下:
EVA 7350M:熔体流动速率2.5g/10min,VA含量18% ,台塑;
支链型乙烯基硅油DY-V411:乙烯基含量1.8%,大易化工;
传统硅油 TNVF-500:500000 mpas ,天桉硅橡胶,属于端乙烯基硅油;
气相二氧化硅 A150:6000目,广州展飞化工;
乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷:A151 美国联碳公司;
γ-缩水甘油醚氧丙基三甲氧基硅烷: A187 美国联碳公司;
交联剂 BIPB:PERKADOX 14S-FL 阿克苏诺贝尔。
上述鞋用耐磨剂的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)干燥:将气相二氧化硅预先在95℃下干燥24h以上;
(2)水解:将乙烯基硅烷偶联剂、水和乙醇按体积比1:1:8混合,制成稀释溶液,滴加冰醋酸至pH=4,室温下搅拌水解4h,将水解液及气相二氧化硅放入高速搅拌机中,搅拌机温度设定为80℃,搅拌30min后于110℃下干燥处理1h得到改性二氧化硅;
(3)密炼:将基体树脂、支链乙烯基硅油,改性二氧化硅、过氧化物交联剂加入密炼机进行熔融混合,密炼温度为120℃,混合时间20min;
(4)造粒:将步骤(3)中混好的物料转移至双螺杆挤出机中进行造粒,得到鞋用耐磨剂,其中双螺杆挤出机的螺杆加料段温度为70℃,输送段为90℃,熔融段温度为110℃,模口温度为95℃。
进一步将本发明制备的耐磨剂母粒应用于EVA鞋材发泡配方中。测试试片制备方法:将EVA7350 100份,滑石粉10份,氧化锌1.5份,硬脂酸锌 0.5份,硬脂酸0.5份,BIPB交联剂0.8份,AC发泡剂2.0份、耐磨剂10份,所述份数为质量份,在密炼机中密炼,密炼温度120℃,密炼时间10min,然后开炼造粒后经一次注射成型得到测试片,模具温度170℃,发泡时间360s,试片发泡倍率均定型至150%。停放24h后测试物性,结果如表2所示:
表2
综合实施例和比较例测试结果可以发现:1、无耐磨剂组分的普通EVA发泡材料,耐磨性能极差(比较例1)。2、大量添加普通硅油(80份)能够明显的改善耐磨性能,但抗压缩变形性能也变差,经过80℃*95%环境箱中停放72h湿热老化后材料表面能够观察到有硅油析出,与其他基材黏着后经湿热老化测试黏着强度明显下降;而同样大量添加80份支链乙烯基硅油,经湿热老化测试后试片表面仍保持干爽无析出,黏着测试也能够保持原来的黏着强度。(比较例3和实施例2)。3、为进一步提升耐磨性能,耐磨剂组分添加了乙烯基硅烷偶联剂改性的二氧化硅补强剂。从测试结果上看,添加乙烯基硅烷偶联剂改性的二氧化硅具有更优的耐磨及抗撕裂性能(比较例2和实施例1)。3、按照本发明的制备方法,选用高乙烯基含量的支链乙烯基硅油,配合乙烯基硅烷偶联剂表面改性的气相二氧化硅补强剂制备得到的耐磨剂用于鞋材配方中,配方的耐磨性能能够进一步提升,同时长期停放不会出现析出,避免产品长期存放的出现品质风险。4、本发明所述的耐磨剂母粒性质稳定,在存储和运输过程中不会变质。
含有传统硅油23%(硅油30份/物料总份数131)的耐磨剂以10份用量添加到EVA鞋材配方中,可使DIN耐磨性能降低到185mm3以下(比较例4),为了进一步提高耐磨性,可以继续提高传统硅油用量改善耐磨,然而,大量添加传统硅油(80份)会造成硅油析出(比较例3)。本发明则解决了这个析出问题,本发明在硅油用量23%的情况下,就能使耐磨性能显著提高(实施例5),并且,纵使硅油含量添加很高的情况下(80份),也不存在硅油析出问题(实施例2)。
尽管这里按照本发明的解释性实施例对本发明进行了描述,但是,应该理解,本领域技术人员可以设计出很多其他的修改和实施方式,这些修改和实施方式将包含在本申请公开的原则范围和精神之内。
Claims (8)
1.一种鞋用耐磨剂,其特征在于:所述鞋用耐磨剂的原料以质量份数计包括:
基体树脂40-60份,
支链乙烯基硅油30-80份,
气相二氧化硅20-40份,
乙烯基硅烷偶联剂0.5-1份,
过氧化物交联剂0.5-1份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种鞋用耐磨剂,其特征在于,所述的基体树脂为熔点不高于120℃的聚乙烯、乙烯-α烯烃共聚物、乙烯-丙烯-非共轭二烯烃三元共聚物、乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物、乙烯-丙烯酸甲酯共聚物中的一种或者多种的混合物。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种鞋用耐磨剂,其特征在于,所述的气相二氧化硅的原生粒径在7-40nm之间,聚集体粒径200-500nm,比表面积100-400m2/g。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种鞋用耐磨剂,其特征在于,所述的过氧化物交联剂为二(叔丁基过氧化异丙基)苯、过氧化二异丙苯、BPO、双二五、双二六中的一种或者多种。
7.如权利要求1所述的鞋用耐磨剂的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(1)干燥:将气相二氧化硅预先在80-100℃下干燥24h以上;
(2)水解:将乙烯基硅烷偶联剂、水和乙醇按体积比1:1:8混合,制成稀释溶液,滴加冰醋酸至pH=4,室温下搅拌水解4h,将水解液及气相二氧化硅放入高速搅拌机中,搅拌机温度设定为80℃,搅拌30min后于110℃下干燥处理1h得到改性二氧化硅;
(3)密炼:将基体树脂、支链乙烯基硅油,改性二氧化硅、过氧化物交联剂加入密炼机进行熔融混合,密炼温度为90-130℃,混合时间15-30min;
(4)造粒:将步骤(3)中混好的物料转移至双螺杆挤出机中进行造粒,得到鞋用耐磨剂,其中双螺杆挤出机的螺杆加料段温度为60-80℃,输送段为80-100℃,熔融段温度为100-130℃,模口温度为90-100℃。
8.如权利要求1所述的鞋用耐磨剂的应用,其特征在于,所述的鞋用耐磨剂在EVA发泡鞋材中的应用。
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