CN112956764B - 一种生物降解口罩及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种生物降解口罩及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN112956764B
CN112956764B CN202110223332.6A CN202110223332A CN112956764B CN 112956764 B CN112956764 B CN 112956764B CN 202110223332 A CN202110223332 A CN 202110223332A CN 112956764 B CN112956764 B CN 112956764B
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polyvinylidene fluoride
acid
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CN112956764A (zh
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王朝
韩凯
张立群
翟晶晶
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Beijing United Kangli Medical Protection Products Co ltd
Beijing University of Chemical Technology
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Beijing United Kangli Medical Protection Products Co ltd
Beijing University of Chemical Technology
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Abstract

本发明提供了一种生物降解口罩,采用可降解高分子纤维和聚偏二氟乙烯纤维混纺后,得到蓬松结构的纤维膜,使得该生物降解口罩具有高过滤效率、低空气阻力的优点,不产生水珠,提高佩戴舒适性,且符合生物降解的标准,解决废弃口罩的污染问题。本发明提供的生物降解口罩的制备工艺稳定,可以连续工业生产,具有广阔的应用前景。

Description

一种生物降解口罩及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于生活用品领域,具体涉及一种生物降解口罩及其制备方法。
背景技术
由于新型冠状病毒(2019-nCoV)的出现,全国人民消耗了大量的口罩,据报道,仅两三个月全国新增废弃口罩16.2万吨。目前的口罩基本都包括口罩的内、外层,口罩的阻隔过滤层以及口罩的弹性耳带,其中,口罩的内、外层和阻隔过滤层多是不可降解的聚丙烯无纺布和熔喷布,耳带是不可降解的橡胶材料。这些不可降解的口罩给环境带来了严重的压力,并且,PP材料疏水,佩戴时间长了,口罩内层表面容易凝结水珠,影响佩戴舒适性。
现在的专利中,可降解口罩的专利,几乎都是通过静电纺丝技术制备的口罩过滤层。纤维集合体对微粒对捕集方式,有两种,一种是表面过滤,只能过滤除去粒径大于等于过滤介质孔径的颗粒;一种是深层过滤,当颗粒物直径小于过滤介质表面孔径时,颗粒物不能被介质表面捕获,进入到过滤介质内部被补集。极细粒子在空气中做布朗运动,过滤介质的空间厚度越大,颗粒物在过滤介质内部被捕获的概率越大。但是,静电纺丝制备的纳米纤维膜,由于纤维直径细,纤维膜堆积紧密,膜厚度比较薄,只能靠表面过滤。为了解决这个问题,常用的方法有制备梯度孔径的多层纳米纤维膜(如中国专利 CN111501199A)、多层纤维膜复合法(如中国专利CN104921342A),这两种方法工艺复杂,不利于工业生产。因此,需要提供一种能够稳定工业生产的生物降解口罩,既能为人们提供健康防护,还能被生物降解,缓解环境压力。
发明内容
目前可降解材料带有亲水基团,在纤维表面形成水膜,从而导致驻极电荷难以长期保存,添加驻极体的话,驻极体在纺丝溶液中不稳定,会逐渐沉降,工业生产时,影响工艺稳定性。为了解决以上问题,本发明提供了一种生物降解的口罩,采用聚偏二氟乙烯和可降解高分子混纺,得到生物降解口罩,该口罩具有高过滤效率、低空气阻力、防止产生水珠的优点,而且可以稳定、连续工业生产。
本发明的目的之一在于提供一种生物降解口罩,包括内层、外层、阻隔过滤层、耳带,其中,所述的内层和外层为可降解布层,所述的阻隔过滤层包含可降解高分子材料、聚偏二氟乙烯。
其中,所述的可降解布层选自可降解无纺布、棉布中的至少一种;所述的可降解无纺布选自聚乳酸无纺布、聚己二酸-对苯二甲酸-丁二醇酯共聚酯无纺布中的至少一种;
所述的可降解高分子材料选自聚乳酸、聚丁二酸丁二醇酯、聚己内酯、聚乳酸-羟基乙酸共聚物、聚乳酸-己内酯共聚物、聚乳酸-羟基乙酸-己内酯共聚物中的至少一种;
所述的阻隔过滤层中,所述的聚偏二氟乙烯和可降解高分子材料的重量比为1:0.5~1:5,优选为1:1~1:3;
所述的耳带由生物可降解弹性体胶条或可降解布层包覆生物基可降解弹性体内芯制备得到,其中,所述的可降解布层选自可降解无纺布、棉布中的至少一种,所述的生物基可降解弹性体选自生物基可降解聚酯弹性体。
本发明的另一目的在于提供一种上述生物降解口罩的制备方法,包括先将包含有所述的可降解高分子材料、聚偏二氟乙烯在内的组分制备成所述的阻隔过滤层,再覆有内层、外层,并连接耳带后,即得所述的生物降解口罩。
具体地,所述的阻隔过滤层的制备方法包括:
步骤(1)纺丝液的制备:将可降解高分子材料溶解在溶剂S1中,将聚偏二氟乙烯溶解于溶剂S2中,分别配制成可降解高分子材料溶液、聚偏二氟乙烯溶液;
步骤(2)纳米纤维膜的制备:将步骤(1)中得到的可降解高分子材料溶液、聚偏二氟乙烯溶液进行静电纺丝,得到蓬松结构的纳米纤维膜;
步骤(3)纳米纤维膜后处理:将步骤(2)得到的纳米纤维膜进行静电驻极后,即得所述的阻隔过滤层。
其中,所述步骤(1)中的溶剂S1和溶剂S2可以选自任何高挥发性溶剂或者酰胺类溶剂,可以避免溶剂残留导致纤维粘连,使纤维膜结构蓬松,优选地,所述的溶剂S1和溶剂S2独立地选自氯仿、四氢呋喃、丙酮、三氟乙酸、二氧六环、三氟乙醇、六氟异丙醇、酰胺类溶剂中的至少一种,所述的酰胺类溶剂选自二甲基甲酰胺、二甲基乙酰胺中的至少一种;
所述步骤(1)中的可降解高分子材料溶液的浓度为0.01~0.4g/mL,优选为 0.04~0.2g/mL;
所述步骤(1)中的聚偏二氟乙烯溶液的浓度为0.05~0.5g/mL,优选为 0.1~0.3g/mL;
所述步骤(2)中通过控制纺丝区域溶剂的蒸汽浓度使纳米纤维彼此不粘连,形成蓬松结构,静电纺丝的溶剂蒸汽浓度为0.01~0.5g/cm3,优选为0.02~ 0.3g/cm3
所述步骤(2)中得到的纳米纤维膜厚度为1~20μm,优选为3~10μm;
所述步骤(2)中得到的纳米纤维膜克重为0.1~10g/m2,优选为0.3~4g/m2
所述步骤(2)中得到的纳米纤维膜中,可降解高分子纳米纤维直径为 0.01~1μm,优选为50~500nm;聚偏二氟乙烯纳米纤维直径为0.1~5μm,优选为 200~1000nm;
所述步骤(2)中的静电纺丝可采用无针头纺丝设备或多针头纺丝设备在可降解基材表面来完成静电纺丝,所述的可降解基材选自聚乳酸无纺布、聚己二酸-对苯二甲酸-丁二醇酯共聚酯无纺布、棉布中的至少一种。静电纺丝工艺可以采用本领域中常用的静电纺丝工艺,将可降解高分子溶液和聚偏二氟乙烯溶液分别装入两个溶液槽,采用并排双针头或多针头,左右循环移动,在合适的纺丝条件下,在可降解基材表面静电纺纳米纤维膜;或者采用无针头纺丝设备,两个或多个纺丝模块平行,在合适的条件下,在可降解基材表面静电纺纳米纤维膜;静电纺丝后在纳米纤维膜上表面复合一层可降解基材,复合形成纳米纤维过滤层。具体地,所述的静电纺丝条件为:纺丝模块电压为10~50KV,接收电压为-10~0KV,供液速率为0.01~20mL/min(当增加纺丝模块时,供液速率还可以增大),基材接收速率为0.2~10m/min,刷液平台或针头的移动速率为 30~500mm/s,纺丝温度为20~40℃,湿度为20~50%。
上述生物降解口罩的制备方法中,所述的耳带由生物可降解弹性体胶条或可降解布层包覆生物基可降解弹性体内芯制备得到,其中,所述的生物基可降解弹性体选自生物基可降解聚酯弹性体。
上述生物基可降解聚酯弹性体由生物基二元醇、二元酸通过缩合聚合得到弹性体生胶,加入过氧化物交联后得到所述的生物基可降解聚酯弹性体。所述的生物基二元醇选自来源于可再生的生物资源的乙二醇、1,3-丙二醇、1,4-丁二醇、1,5-戊二醇、1,6-己二醇、1,8-辛二醇、1,10-癸二醇中的至少一种;所述的生物基二元酸选自来源于可再生的生物资源的草酸、丁二酸、戊二酸、己二酸、癸二酸中的至少一种和衣康酸的组合;所述的过氧化物选自过氧化二异丙苯、过氧化苯甲酰中的至少一种;所述的缩合聚合温度为200~250℃,缩合聚合时间为2~11h;所述的交联温度为140~180℃,交联时间为10~120min。
本发明通过制备两种不同直径、不同材料的纳米纤维(可降解高分子纳米纤维和聚偏二氟乙烯纳米纤维)进行静电纺丝,并控制静电纺丝区域溶剂蒸汽浓度,采用挥发性溶剂,使纤维快速固化,彼此之间不能粘连,从而得到蓬松结构的纤维膜,提高微小粒子在纤维膜内部的行程,从而提高纳米纤维膜的过滤效率,降低纳米纤维膜的阻力。
目前可降解材料具有大量亲水基团,纤维表面形成水膜,从而导致驻极电荷难以长期保存,添加驻极体的话,驻极体在纺丝溶液中不稳定,会逐渐沉降,工业生产时,影响工艺稳定性。本发明通过采用聚偏二氟乙烯和可降解高分子混纺,高分子直接溶解在溶剂中,不存在驻极体在纺丝溶液中沉降的问题,且工艺简单稳定,适用于工业生产,同时,聚偏二氟乙烯可以静电驻极,提高纳米纤维膜的过滤效果,并且不增加空气阻力。此外,目前口罩采用的聚丙烯材料疏水,佩戴时间久了,呼吸产生的水汽,凝结成水珠。本发明提供的生物可降解口罩全采用可降解材料,具有大量亲水基团,具备一定润湿性能,能够避免呼吸的水汽在口罩内表面凝结成水珠,提高口罩的舒适性。
本发明通过静电纺丝制备可降解高分子和聚偏二氟乙烯复合纳米过滤层,聚偏二氟乙烯纳米纤维被静电驻极后,提高了纳米纤维膜对极细颗粒物和病毒的过滤性能,因此可以保持较大的孔径,从而降低空气阻力,解决了目前可降解口罩无法被静电驻极的问题;然后将可降解的无纺布和耳带材料组成新型的可生物降解口罩,由于聚偏二氟乙烯纳米纤维占口罩总重量不超过的2%,本发明提供的生物降解口罩也符合生物降解的标准,为解决废弃口罩的污染问题提供了有效的途径。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有以下有益效果:
1.本发明提供了一种生物降解口罩,口罩的内层、外层、阻隔过滤层、耳带均采用可降解材料制备得到;
2.本发明通过控制静电纺丝工艺,得到蓬松结构的纤维膜,提高纳米纤维膜的过滤效率,降低纳米纤维膜的阻力;
3.本发明提供的生物降解口罩符合生物降解的标准,可以解决废弃口罩的污染问题;
4.本发明提供的生物降解口罩,能够避免呼吸产生的水汽凝结成水珠,提高口罩佩戴的舒适性;
5.本发明提供的生物降解口罩的制备方法,工艺简单、稳定,适用于工业生产,具有广阔的应用前景。
附图说明
图1是耳带材料生物基聚酯弹性降解曲线,耳带材料在土壤环境下,120 天内二氧化碳释放量可达到70%以上,符合可降解材料的国际标准;
图2是口罩阻隔层的扫描电镜照片,从电镜照片中可以看出,纤维之间没有粘连,两种不同纤维无规的叠加在一起,纤维结构较蓬松。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明进行具体的描述,有必要在此指出的是以下实施例只用于对本发明的进一步说明,不能理解为对本发明保护范围的限制,本领域技术人员根据本发明内容对本发明做出的一些非本质的改进和调整仍属本发明的保护范围。
实施例中所采用的测试仪器及测试条件如下:
过滤性能测试方法参照GB2626-2019呼吸防护自吸过滤式防颗粒物呼吸器,测试介质为(75±25)nm氯化钠气凝胶,测试气流量85L/min。
实施例中所采用的原料及来源如下:
本发明实施例中所有材料均为市售。
聚乳酸无纺布、聚己二酸-对苯二甲酸-丁二醇酯共聚酯无纺布和棉布,均为市售的可降解商品。
生物基可降解聚酯弹性体的制备:
生物基可降解聚酯弹性体由生物基二元醇、二元酸通过缩合聚合得到弹性体生胶,然后利用过氧化物交联得到的交联弹性体材料。所述的生物基二元醇选自来源于可再生的生物资源的乙二醇100份、1,3-丙二醇122份;所述的生物基二元酸选自来源于可再生的生物资源的丁二酸155份、己二酸192份、衣康酸38份;所述的过氧化物选自过氧化二异丙苯0.16份;所述的缩合聚合温度为 220℃,缩合聚合时间为4h;所述的交联温度为160℃,交联时间为15min。
实施例1
一种生物降解口罩,口罩的内、外层是可降解聚乳酸无纺布,口罩的耳带内芯是由生物基可降解聚酯弹性体制备得到的,耳带的外层是可降解聚乳酸无纺布。口罩过滤层制备方法如下:
(1)纺丝液的制备:将聚乳酸溶于氯仿:二甲基甲酰胺=3:2的混合溶剂中,制备质量浓度为0.1g/mL的纺丝溶液,搅拌均匀;将聚偏二氟乙烯溶于丙酮:二甲基甲酰胺=1:1的混合溶剂中,制备质量浓度为0.14g/mL的纺丝溶液,搅拌均匀;其中,聚偏氟二烯和聚乳酸的用量比为1:1。
(2)纳米纤维膜的制备:将两种溶液分别装入两个溶液槽,采用并排双针头,左右循环移动,在聚乳酸无纺布表面静电纺纳米纤维。聚乳酸溶液纺丝电压14KV,速率1mL/h,纺丝距离15cm,针头移动速率50mm/s;聚偏二氟乙烯溶液纺丝电压12KV,速率1mL/h,纺丝距离15cm,针头移动速率60mm/s,基材接收速率0.5m/min,纺丝温度为30℃,湿度为35%;静电纺丝后在纳米纤维膜上表面复合一层聚乳酸无纺布,复合形成纳米纤维过滤层。
(3)将上一步骤中所得的纳米纤维过滤层进行静电驻极,得到可降解口罩过滤层。
制备的纳米纤维膜,聚乳酸纳米纤维平均直径为200nm,聚偏二氟乙烯纳米纤维的平均直径为500nm;纳米纤维膜的克重为1g/m2
将上述材料制成口罩,参照GB2626-2019测试,口罩的过滤效率为99.5%,空气阻力为30.2Pa。口罩符合生物降解要求。
实施例2
一种生物降解的口罩,口罩的外层是可降解聚乳酸无纺布,内层是棉布,口罩的耳带为生物基可降解聚酯弹性体胶条。口罩过滤层制备方法如下:
(1)纺丝液的制备:将聚己二酸-对苯二甲酸丁二酯溶于氯仿:二甲基甲酰胺=4:1的混合溶剂中,制备质量浓度为0.12g/mL的纺丝溶液,搅拌均匀;将聚偏二氟乙烯溶于丙酮:二甲基甲酰胺=1:1的混合溶剂中,制备质量浓度为0.16g/mL的纺丝溶液,搅拌均匀;其中,聚偏氟二烯和聚乳酸的用量比为4:5。
(2)纳米纤维膜的制备:将两种溶液分别装入两个溶液槽,采用并排八针头,左右循环移动,在聚己二酸-对苯二甲酸丁二酯无纺布表面静电纺纳米纤维。聚乳酸溶液纺丝电压42KV,速率6mL/h,纺丝距离16cm,针头移动速率80mm/s;聚偏二氟乙烯溶液纺丝电压38KV,速率3.6mL/h,纺丝距离16cm,基材接收速率1m/min,针头移动速率80mm/s,纺丝温度为25℃,湿度为30%;静电纺丝后在纳米纤维膜上表面复合一层聚乳酸无纺布,复合形成纳米纤维过滤层。
(3)将上一步骤中所得的纳米纤维过滤层进行静电驻极,得到可降解口罩过滤层。
制备的纳米纤维膜,聚己二酸-对苯二甲酸丁二酯纳米纤维平均直径为 270nm,聚偏二氟乙烯纳米纤维的平均直径为600nm;纳米纤维膜的克重为 1.4g/m2
将上述材料制成口罩,参照GB2626-2019测试,口罩的过滤效率为98.4%,空气阻力为31Pa。口罩符合生物降解要求。
实施例3
一种生物降解的口罩,口罩的外层是聚己二酸-对苯二甲酸-丁二醇酯共聚酯无纺布,内层是棉布,口罩的耳带内芯是由生物基可降解聚酯弹性体制备得到的,耳带的外层是聚己二酸-对苯二甲酸-丁二醇酯共聚酯无纺布。口罩过滤层制备方法如下:
(1)纺丝液的制备:将聚丁二醇酯溶于三氟乙酸中,制备质量浓度为 0.16g/mL的纺丝溶液,搅拌均匀;将聚偏二氟乙烯溶于丙酮:二甲基乙酰胺=3:2 的混合溶剂中,制备质量浓度为0.15g/mL的纺丝溶液,搅拌均匀;其中,聚偏氟二烯和聚乳酸的用量比为1:1.42。
(2)纳米纤维膜的制备:将两种溶液分别装入两个溶液槽,采用无针头的电极丝型静电纺丝设备,两根电极丝平行纺丝,在棉布无纺布表面静电纺纳米纤维。聚乳酸溶液纺丝电压38KV,速率4mL/h,纺丝距离18cm,刷液平台移动速率300mm/s,;聚偏二氟乙烯溶液纺丝电压34KV,速率3mL/h,纺丝距离 18cm,刷液平台移动速率250mm/s,基材接收速率0.75m/min,纺丝温度为35℃,湿度为45%;静电纺丝后在纳米纤维膜上表面复合一层聚己二酸-对苯二甲酸丁二酯无纺布,复合形成纳米纤维过滤层。
(3)将上一步骤中所得的纳米纤维过滤层进行静电驻极,得到可降解口罩过滤层。
制备的纳米纤维膜,聚丁二醇酯纳米纤维平均直径为180nm,聚偏二氟乙烯纳米纤维的平均直径为550nm;纳米纤维膜的克重为1g/m2
将上述材料制成口罩,参照GB2626-2019测试,口罩的过滤效率为99%,空气阻力为28Pa。口罩符合生物降解要求。
对比例1
市售振德医疗医用外科口罩,有PP熔喷布和PP无纺布构成,参照 GB2626-2019测试,口罩的过滤效率95%,阻力54Pa。

Claims (12)

1.一种生物降解口罩,包括内层、外层、阻隔过滤层、耳带,其中,所述的内层和外层为可降解布层,所述的阻隔过滤层包含可降解高分子材料、聚偏二氟乙烯,所述的阻隔过滤层中,所述的聚偏二氟乙烯和可降解高分子材料的重量比为1:0.5~1:5;所述的耳带由生物基可降解弹性体胶条或可降解布层包覆生物基可降解弹性体内芯构成;
其中,所述阻隔过滤层的制备方法包括:
步骤(1)纺丝液的制备:将可降解高分子材料溶解在溶剂S1中,将聚偏二氟乙烯溶解在溶剂S2中,分别配制成可降解高分子材料溶液、聚偏二氟乙烯溶液;
步骤(2)纳米纤维膜的制备:将步骤(1)中得到的可降解高分子材料溶液、聚偏二氟乙烯溶液进行静电纺丝,得到蓬松结构的纳米纤维膜;其中,可降解高分子材料溶液的浓度为0.01~0.4g/mL,聚偏二氟乙烯溶液的浓度为0.05~0.5g/mL,静电纺丝的溶剂蒸汽浓度为0.01~0.5g/cm3;得到的纳米纤维膜中,可降解高分子纳米纤维直径为50~270nm,聚偏二氟乙烯纳米纤维直径为500~1000nm;
步骤(3)纳米纤维膜后处理:将步骤(2)得到的纳米纤维膜进行静电驻极后,即得所述的阻隔过滤层;
所述步骤(1)中的溶剂S1和溶剂S2独立地选自氯仿、四氢呋喃、丙酮、三氟乙酸、二氧六环、三氟乙醇、六氟异丙醇、酰胺类溶剂中的至少一种。
2.根据权利要求1所述的生物降解口罩,其特征在于,
所述的可降解布层选自可降解无纺布、棉布中的至少一种;和/或,
所述的可降解高分子材料选自聚乳酸、聚丁二酸丁二醇酯、聚己内酯、聚乳酸-羟基乙酸共聚物、聚乳酸-己内酯共聚物、聚乳酸-羟基乙酸-己内酯共聚物中的至少一种。
3.根据权利要求2所述的生物降解口罩,其特征在于,
所述的阻隔过滤层中,所述的聚偏二氟乙烯和可降解高分子材料的重量比为1:1~1:3。
4.根据权利要求2所述的生物降解口罩,其特征在于,
所述的可降解无纺布选自聚乳酸无纺布、聚己二酸-对苯二甲酸-丁二醇酯共聚酯无纺布中的至少一种;和/或,
所述的生物基可降解弹性体选自生物基可降解聚酯弹性体。
5.根据权利要求1~4任一项所述的生物降解口罩的制备方法,包括先将包含有所述的可降解高分子材料、聚偏二氟乙烯在内的组分制备成所述的阻隔过滤层,再覆有内层、外层,并连接耳带后,即得所述的生物降解口罩。
6.根据权利要求5所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述的阻隔过滤层的制备方法包括:
步骤(1)纺丝液的制备:将可降解高分子材料溶解在溶剂S1中,将聚偏二氟乙烯溶解在溶剂S2中,分别配制成可降解高分子材料溶液、聚偏二氟乙烯溶液;
步骤(2)纳米纤维膜的制备:将步骤(1)中得到的可降解高分子材料溶液、聚偏二氟乙烯溶液进行静电纺丝,得到蓬松结构的纳米纤维膜;
步骤(3)纳米纤维膜后处理:将步骤(2)得到的纳米纤维膜进行静电驻极后,即得所述的阻隔过滤层。
7.根据权利要求6所述的制备方法,其特征在于,
所述步骤(1)中的溶剂S1和溶剂S2独立地选自氯仿、四氢呋喃、丙酮、三氟乙酸、二氧六环、三氟乙醇、六氟异丙醇、酰胺类溶剂中的至少一种;和/或,
所述步骤(1)中的可降解高分子材料溶液的浓度为0.01~0.4g/mL;和/或,
所述步骤(1)中的聚偏二氟乙烯溶液的浓度为0.05~0.5g/mL;和/或,
所述步骤(2)中得到的纳米纤维膜厚度为1~20μm;和/或,
所述步骤(2)中得到的纳米纤维膜克重为0.1~10g/m2;和/或,
所述步骤(2)中静电纺丝的溶剂蒸汽浓度为0.01~0.5g/cm3;和/或,
所述步骤(2)中的静电纺丝可采用无针头纺丝设备或多针头纺丝设备在可降解基材表面来完成静电纺丝。
8.根据权利要求7所述的制备方法,其特征在于,
所述步骤(1)中的可降解高分子材料溶液的浓度为0.04~0.2g/mL;和/或,
所述步骤(1)中的聚偏二氟乙烯溶液的浓度为0.1~0.3g/mL;和/或,
所述步骤(2)中得到的纳米纤维膜厚度为3~10μm;和/或,
所述步骤(2)中得到的纳米纤维膜克重为0.3~4g/m2;和/或,
所述步骤(2)中得到的纳米纤维膜中,可降解高分子纳米纤维直径为50~270nm;聚偏二氟乙烯纳米纤维直径为500~1000nm;和/或,
所述步骤(2)中静电纺丝的溶剂蒸汽浓度为0.02~0.3g/cm3
9.根据权利要求7所述的制备方法,其特征在于,
所述的酰胺类溶剂选自二甲基甲酰胺、二甲基乙酰胺中的至少一种;和/或,
所述的可降解基材选自聚乳酸无纺布、聚己二酸-对苯二甲酸-丁二醇酯共聚酯无纺布、棉布中的至少一种;和/或,
所述的静电纺丝条件为:纺丝模块电压为10~50KV,接收电压为-10~0KV,供液速率为0.01~20mL/min,基材接收速率为0.2~10m/min,刷液平台或针头的移动速率为30~500mm/s,纺丝温度为20~40℃,湿度为20~50%。
10.根据权利要求5所述的制备方法,其特征在于,
所述的耳带由生物可降解弹性体胶条或可降解布层包覆生物基可降解弹性体内芯制备得到,其中,所述的生物基可降解弹性体选自生物基可降解聚酯弹性体。
11.根据权利要求10所述的制备方法,其特征在于,
所述的生物基可降解聚酯弹性体由生物基二元醇、生物基二元酸通过缩合聚合得到弹性体生胶,加入过氧化物交联后得到所述的生物基可降解聚酯弹性体。
12.根据权利要求11所述的制备方法,其特征在于,
所述的生物基二元醇选自来源于可再生的生物资源的乙二醇、1,3-丙二醇、1,4-丁二醇、1,5-戊二醇、1,6-己二醇、1,8-辛二醇、1,10-癸二醇中的至少一种;和/或,
所述的生物基二元酸选自来源于可再生的生物资源的草酸、丁二酸、戊二酸、己二酸、癸二酸中的至少一种和衣康酸的组合;和/或,
所述的过氧化物选自过氧化二异丙苯、过氧化苯甲酰中的至少一种;和/或,
缩合聚合温度为200~250℃,缩合聚合时间为2~11h;和/或,
交联温度为140~180℃,交联时间为10~120min。
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