CN112956343B

CN112956343B - Forage grass segmenting and kneading machine

Info

Publication number: CN112956343B
Application number: CN202110432227.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 杜妮妮; 赵小宏; 朱占录; 赵聖明; 林岩
Original assignee: Gansu Huifeng Prataculture Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Gansu Huifeng Prataculture Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-04-21
Filing date: 2021-04-21
Publication date: 2023-02-28
Anticipated expiration: 2041-04-21
Also published as: CN112956343A

Abstract

The invention discloses a forage cutting and kneading machine which comprises a feeding conveyor, a forage cutting machine head and a lifter, wherein the output end of the feeding conveyor is connected with the feeding end of the forage cutting machine head, the discharge end of the forage cutting machine head is positioned above the input end of the lifter, and a flattening machine, a raw material guide roller, a pressing device, a cutting device and a seed crushing and kneading device are sequentially arranged in the forage cutting machine head from the feeding end to the discharge end. The invention also carries out crushing and kneading treatment on the grass seeds after the cutting treatment of the grass, so that the seeds in the grass are crushed, the mouth feeling of the grass is improved, the ingestion absorptivity and the seed absorptivity of livestock are greatly improved, various nutrient components in the feed are fully utilized, and the yield and the quality of milk and meat of the livestock are improved. Meanwhile, various forage grasses can be formed by mixing at one time, the processing time of the forage grasses is shortened, the secondary fermentation of the forage grasses is avoided, and the nutritional ingredients of the forage grasses are effectively maintained.

Description

Forage grass segmenting and kneading machine

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of farming and grazing machinery, and particularly relates to a pasture cutting and kneading machine.

Background

When the forage grass is used for feeding livestock, the forage grass is cut into sections and then fed. The existing pasture cutting treatment method mainly comprises the steps of cutting by a small-sized hay cutter and then directly feeding livestock, and the method has the following problems:

1. because the pasture is not kneaded, the directly fed livestock has poor taste and low ingestion absorption rate.

2. The seeds in the pasture are not broken, the complete seeds can not be fully absorbed by the livestock, the utilization rate of the feed is reduced, and the milk and meat yield of the livestock is seriously influenced.

3. The pasture cannot be mixed with other nutrient components (such as alfalfa, oat grass, sweet sorghum, corn and the like) at one time in the process of cutting the pasture, so that the processing and manufacturing process of the feed is complicated.

4. The processing capacity of the hay cutter is limited, the processing time is too long, and the secondary fermentation of the forage grass is caused by overstocking in the purchasing season, so that the nutritional ingredients of the forage grass are reduced.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects pointed out in the background technology, the invention provides a pasture cutting and kneading machine, aiming at solving the problems in the prior art in the background technology.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:

the utility model provides a machine is rubbed with hands to forage grass dissection, includes feeding conveyer, hay cutter aircraft nose and lifting machine, the output of feeding conveyer is connected with the feed end of hay cutter aircraft nose, the discharge end of hay cutter aircraft nose is located the input top of lifting machine, set gradually the flat-bed machine, raw materials guide-in roller, closing device, dissection device and the broken device of rubbing with hands of seed grain in the hay cutter aircraft nose from the feed end to the discharge end.

Preferably, the flat straightening machine comprises an upper flat straightening roller and a lower flat straightening roller, two ends of the upper flat straightening roller and two ends of the lower flat straightening roller are respectively fixed on the inner side wall of the head of the hay cutter in a rotating mode through rotating shafts, and the height of the lower flat straightening roller is consistent with that of the output end of the feeding conveyor.

Preferably, the rotating speed of the upper leveling roller and the lower leveling roller is adjustable.

Preferably, the compressing device comprises an upper compression roller and a lower compression roller, the upper compression roller and the lower compression roller are provided with a plurality of groups along the entering direction of the pasture grass to form a multi-stage compression roller structure, the lower compression rollers in the multi-stage compression roller structure are arranged at equal heights, the distance between the upper compression roller and the lower compression roller in the multi-stage compression roller structure is gradually reduced along the entering direction of the pasture grass, and the raw material guide roller is close to the first-stage upper compression roller at the entering end of the pasture grass.

Preferably, be equipped with guiding mechanism on the outer wall of hay cutter aircraft nose, guiding mechanism includes adjusting plate, rack, gear, slide rail and slider, be equipped with the adjusting plate on the both sides outer wall of hay cutter aircraft nose respectively, the adjusting plate passes through the outer wall connection of slide rail and slider and hay cutter aircraft nose, the both ends of the leading-in roller of raw materials and last compression roller are fixed in on the adjusting plate through the pivot rotation, the side of adjusting plate is equipped with the rack, be equipped with the gear of being connected with rack toothing on the outer wall of hay cutter aircraft nose, the coaxial rotation hand (hold) that is equipped with of gear.

Preferably, the bottom of the adjusting plate is provided with a limiting strip, the outer wall of the hay cutter head is provided with a limiting clamping groove, the limiting strip is nested in the limiting clamping groove, the limiting strip is provided with a plurality of locking holes, the limiting clamping groove is provided with a lock catch in locking connection with the locking holes through a spring, and the lock catch is provided with a pull ring.

Preferably, the dissection device is including deciding sword, fly sword and rotor, decide the sword and be fixed in the discharge end of compression roller down through the fixed bolster, and decide the sword and highly the same with the compression roller down, the discharge end of deciding the sword is the cutting end, and the oblique top that is located the sword cutting end of deciding sets up the rotor, and the circumference of rotor is equipped with the multirow fly sword, and the annular edge that the multirow fly sword formed is close to the cutting end of deciding the sword.

Preferably, the grain crushing and kneading device comprises a grain crushing hammer roller and a kneading plate, the grain crushing hammer roller is positioned below the discharge end of the cutting device, hammers are circumferentially arranged on the grain crushing hammer roller, the kneading plate is fixed on the inner side wall of the head of the hay cutter, the surface of the kneading plate is close to the grain crushing hammer roller, and the surface of the kneading plate is parallel to the axis of the grain crushing hammer roller.

Preferably, the thread rolling plate is fixedly connected with the inner side wall of the hay cutter head through a hydraulic rod.

Preferably, the input end of the feeding conveyor is provided with a feeding grabbing machine.

Compared with the defects and shortcomings of the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

the invention can not only realize the cutting treatment of the forage grass, but also carry out the kernel crushing and kneading treatment on the cut forage grass, so that the kernels in the forage grass can be crushed, the forage grass has good taste, the ingestion absorptivity and the seed absorptivity of livestock are both improved, various nutrient components in the feed are fully utilized, and the milk and meat yield and quality of the livestock are improved. Meanwhile, in the process of cutting grass, the invention can simultaneously cut and knead other nutrient components (such as alfalfa, oat grass, sweet sorghum, corn and the like) and the pasture, so that the feed is mixed and formed at one time, the quality of the mixed feed is improved, and the processing and manufacturing procedures are reduced. The invention can greatly shorten the processing time of the pasture, avoid the secondary fermentation of the pasture and effectively maintain the nutrient components of the pasture.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a pasture cut-section kneading machine provided by an embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic external structural view of a hay cutter head provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a left side view of the hay cutter head according to the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is an enlarged view of a point a in fig. 3.

Fig. 5 is an enlarged view at B in fig. 2.

Fig. 6 is a side view of a position-limiting strip and a position-limiting slot provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

In the figure: 1-a feed conveyor; 2-hay cutter head; 201-leveling roller; 202-lower flat straightening roll; 203-raw material introduction roller; 204-upper press roll; 205-a lower press roll; 206-stationary knife; 207-fixing the bracket; 208-fly cutter; 209-knife roll; 210-kernel breaking hammer roller; 211-hammer head; 212-kneading and rolling; 213-hydraulic rod; 3, a hoisting machine; 31-a striker plate; 32-a discharge hole; 4-a feeding grabbing machine; 5-adjusting the plate; 6-a rotating shaft; 7-a rack; 8-gear; 9-rotating the handle; 10-a slide rail; 11-a slide block; 12-a limit bar; 13-a limiting clamping groove; 14-locking; 15-keyhole; 16-a pull ring; 17-transparent window.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

As shown in fig. 1, a pasture cutting and kneading machine comprises a feeding conveyor 1, a pasture cutting head 2 and a lifter 3, wherein a feeding grabbing machine 4 is arranged at the input end of the feeding conveyor 1, the output end of the feeding conveyor 1 is connected with the feeding end of the pasture cutting head 2, the discharge end of the pasture cutting head 2 is positioned above the input end of the lifter 3, and a flattening machine, a raw material guide roller 203, a pressing device, a cutting device and a seed grain crushing and kneading device are sequentially arranged from the feeding end to the discharge end in the pasture cutting head 2. After raw materials are put into the feeding conveyor 1 by the feeding grab machine 4, the conveying part is between 0 and 12 meters per minute according to different raw material application speeds, the raw materials are continuously and adjustably conveyed into the straightening machine to be conditioned and leveled and then respectively enter the compressing device to be compressed, then the raw materials are cut by the cutting device, the cut raw materials can be adjusted by adjusting the running speeds of the conveyor and the compressing device, the cut raw materials enter the seed crushing and kneading device to be crushed, the crushed raw materials are discharged into the lifting machine 3 from the discharge end of the hay cutter head 2, the input end of the lifting machine 3 is provided with the material baffle 31, the forage grass after the cut and kneaded processing is prevented from scattering outside the lifting machine 3, the discharge hole 32 is arranged at the bottom of the upper end of the lifting machine 3, and the final forage grass is sent to a feeding field through the discharge hole 32.

Referring to fig. 1 and 3, the grass straightening machine comprises an upper straightening roller 201 and a lower straightening roller 202, two ends of the upper straightening roller 201 and two ends of the lower straightening roller 202 are respectively and rotatably fixed on the inner side wall of a hay cutter head 2 through rotating shafts 6, the height of the lower straightening roller 202 is consistent with that of the output end of a feeding conveyor 1, the fed grass is positioned between the upper straightening roller 201 and the lower straightening roller 202 for straightening, and in order to enable the cutting length of the grass to be adjustable, the rotating speed of the upper straightening roller 201 and the rotating speed of the lower straightening roller 202 can be adjusted through adjusting the rotating speed of the rotating shafts 6.

The pressing device comprises an upper pressing roller 204 and a lower pressing roller 205, a plurality of groups of the upper pressing roller 204 and the lower pressing roller 205 are arranged along the entering direction of the pasture to form a multi-stage pressing roller structure, the invention is provided with three-stage pressing rollers, the multi-stage lower pressing rollers 205 are arranged at equal heights, the distance between the upper pressing roller 204 and the lower pressing roller 205 in the multi-stage pressing roller structure is gradually reduced along the entering direction of the pasture, the pressing treatment of the pasture can be effectively realized by the gradually reduced angle, the subsequent pasture cutting is convenient, and the raw material guiding roller 203 is close to the first-stage upper pressing roller 204 at the entering end of the pasture, so that the leveled pasture enters between the upper pressing roller and the lower pressing roller.

The cutting device comprises a fixed knife 206, fly knives 208 and a knife roller 209, wherein the fixed knife 206 is fixed at the discharge end of a lower pressing roller 205, the upper surface of the fixed knife 206 is flush with the top surface of the lower pressing roller 205, so that the forage grass can smoothly enter the fixed knife 206, two ends of the fixed knife 206 are fixedly connected with the inner side walls of two sides of a hay cutter head 2 through angle steel and the like, in order to increase the supporting force in the cutting process of the fixed knife 206, the bottom of the fixed knife 206 is fixed at the inner bottom surface of the hay cutter head 2 through a fixing support 207, the discharge end of the fixed knife 206 is a cutting end, the knife roller 209 is arranged obliquely above the cutting end of the fixed knife 206, a plurality of rows of fly knives 208 are arranged in the circumferential direction of the knife roller 209 (four rows of fly knives 208 are uniformly arranged in the invention), the length of each row of fly knives 208 is equal to the knife roller 209, and the edge of an annular column formed by the plurality of rows of fly knives 208 is close to the cutting end of the fixed knife 206.

The grain crushing and kneading device comprises a grain crushing hammer roller 210 and a kneading plate 212, the grain crushing hammer roller 210 is positioned below the discharge end of the sectioning device, hammers 211 are circumferentially arranged on the grain crushing hammer roller 210, and the length of each hammer 211 is the same as that of the grain crushing hammer roller 210. The kneading plate 212 is fixed on the inner side wall of the hay cutter head 2, the plate surface of the kneading plate 212 is close to the kernel breaking hammer roller 210, and the plate surface of the kneading plate 212 is parallel to the axis of the kernel breaking hammer roller 210. Referring to fig. 2, the side wall of the straw cutting head 2 on the side of the kneading plate 212 and the kernel breaking hammer roller 210 is provided with a transparent window 17, the bottom surface of the kneading plate 212 is fixedly connected with the inner side wall of the straw cutting head 2 through a hydraulic rod, the distance between the kneading plate 212 and the kernel breaking hammer roller 210 is adjusted through the hydraulic rod to adapt to different pastures and kernels to be broken and kneaded, and the adjustment position of the kneading plate 212 can be observed through the transparent window 17.

In order to realize the control of the compression degree of different pastures, an adjusting mechanism of a compression device is arranged on the outer wall of a hay cutter head 2, and referring to fig. 2-4, the adjusting mechanism comprises an adjusting plate 5, a rack 7, a gear 8, a slide rail 10 and a slide block 11, the adjusting plate 5 is respectively arranged on the outer walls of two sides of the hay cutter head 2, a window penetrating through two ends of a raw material introducing roller 203 and an upper compression roller 204 is formed in the side wall of the hay cutter head 2 where the adjusting plate 5 is arranged, the window is shielded by the adjusting plate 5, the size of the adjusting plate 5 is larger than that of the window, the adjusting plate 5 is connected with the outer wall around the window through the slide rail 10 and the slide block 11, two ends of the raw material introducing roller 203 and the upper compression roller 204 are rotatably fixed on the adjusting plate 5 through a rotating shaft 6, the rack 7 is arranged on the side edge of the adjusting plate 5, the gear 8 meshed with the rack 7 is arranged on the outer wall of the hay cutter head 2, and a rotating handle 9 is coaxially arranged on the gear 8. The gear 8 is controlled to rotate by rotating the handle 9, the gear 8 drives the rack 7 to move up and down, the adjusting plate 5 moves up and down along with the rack 7, so that the raw material introducing roller 203 and the upper pressure roller 204 fixed on the adjusting plate 5 move up and down, and the distance between the upper pressure roller 204 and the lower pressure roller 205 is adjusted. Because the adjusting plate 5 is fixed with the raw material guide-in roller 203 and the upper press roller 204, which have a certain bearing capacity, in order to ensure the stability of the adjusting plate 5, the bottom of the adjusting plate 5 is provided with a limiting structure, as shown in fig. 5-6, the adjusting plate comprises a limiting strip 12, a limiting clamping groove 13 and a lock catch 14, the limiting strip 12 is fixed at the bottom of the adjusting plate 5, the limiting clamping groove 13 is fixed at the outer side wall of the hay cutter head 2, the limiting strip 12 is nested in the limiting clamping groove 13, a plurality of locking holes 15 are arranged on the limiting strip 12 along the length direction of the limiting strip, the lock catch 14 locked and connected with the locking holes 15 is tensioned by a spring on the limiting clamping groove 13, the lock catch 14 is provided with a pull ring 16, the lock catch 14 is not clamped in the locking holes 15 by pulling the pull ring 16, at the moment, the bottom of the lock catch 14 is connected with the limiting clamping groove 13 by a tension spring and generates a certain tension, the limiting strip 12 can move up and down in the limiting clamping groove 13, after moving to a specific position, the pull ring 16 is loosened, and the lock catch 14 is clamped in the corresponding locking holes 15 under the tension of the tension spring, thereby increasing the stability of the adjusting plate 5.

The invention cuts the forage grass into sections and then carries out seed crushing and kneading, the seed crushing rate is more than or equal to 90 percent, the absorption and utilization rate of the livestock to the seeds is greatly increased, various nutrient components in the forage grass are fully utilized, and the yield and the quality of meat and milk are increased. Meanwhile, in the process of processing the forage grass, the forage grass can be mixed with the alfalfa, the oat grass, the sweet sorghum and the corn in equal proportion according to the standard of a breeding enterprise, so that the mixed forage grass is formed at one time, the mixing quality of the forage grass is ensured, the procedures for manufacturing the mixed forage grass are reduced, and the manufacturing efficiency is improved. The length of the cut grass can be adjusted according to the difference of cattle and sheep in the cultivation, the cut grass can be formed in one step, the effective fiber is guaranteed to be more than or equal to 15%, and the method is suitable for various cultivation requirements. The pasture cutting and kneading machine provided by the invention can greatly improve the processing yield of pasture and solve a series of problems of reduction of nutrient contents of pasture and the like caused by secondary fermentation of the pasture due to insufficient processing capacity and overlong processing time in a purchasing season of a breeding enterprise.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A grass cutting and kneading machine is characterized by comprising a feeding conveyor, a grass cutting machine head and a lifter, wherein the output end of the feeding conveyor is connected with the feeding end of the grass cutting machine head, the discharge end of the grass cutting machine head is positioned above the input end of the lifter, and a straightening machine, a raw material guide roller, a pressing device, a cutting device and a seed crushing and kneading device are sequentially arranged in the grass cutting machine head from the feeding end to the discharge end;

the pressing device comprises an upper pressing roller and a lower pressing roller, a plurality of groups of the upper pressing roller and the lower pressing roller are arranged along the entering direction of the pasture to form a multi-stage pressing roller structure, the lower pressing roller in the multi-stage pressing roller structure is arranged at equal height, the distance between the upper pressing roller and the lower pressing roller in the multi-stage pressing roller structure is gradually reduced along the entering direction of the pasture, and the raw material guiding roller is close to the first-stage upper pressing roller at the entering end of the pasture;

be equipped with guiding mechanism on the outer wall of hay cutter aircraft nose, guiding mechanism includes adjusting plate, rack, gear, slide rail and slider, be equipped with the adjusting plate on the both sides outer wall of hay cutter aircraft nose respectively, the adjusting plate passes through the outer wall connection of slide rail and slider and hay cutter aircraft nose, the both ends of raw materials guide-in roller and last compression roller are rotated through the pivot and are fixed in on the adjusting plate, the side of adjusting plate is equipped with the rack, be equipped with the gear of being connected with rack toothing on the outer wall of hay cutter aircraft nose, the coaxial rotation hand (hold) that is equipped with of gear.

2. A pasture grass segment kneading machine as claimed in claim 1, wherein the leveling machine includes an upper leveling roller and a lower leveling roller, both ends of the upper leveling roller and the lower leveling roller are respectively rotatably fixed on the inner side wall of the head of the hay cutter through rotating shafts, and the height of the lower leveling roller is consistent with the height of the output end of the feeding conveyor.

3. A pasture grass segment kneading machine as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that the rotational speed of the upper and lower leveling rollers is adjustable.

4. A pasture grass segment kneading machine as claimed in claim 1, wherein the bottom of the adjusting plate is provided with a limiting strip, the outer wall of the hay cutter head is provided with a limiting slot, the limiting strip is nested in the limiting slot, the limiting strip is provided with a plurality of locking holes, the limiting slot is provided with a lock catch which is locked and connected with the locking holes through spring tightening, and the lock catch is provided with a pull ring.

5. A pasture grass cutting and kneading machine as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cutting device includes a fixed knife, fly knives and a knife roller, the fixed knife is fixed at the discharge end of the lower press roller through a fixed bracket, the fixed knife and the lower press roller are at the same height, the discharge end of the fixed knife is a cutting end, the knife roller is arranged obliquely above the cutting end of the fixed knife, a plurality of rows of fly knives are arranged in the circumferential direction of the knife roller, and the annular cylindrical edge formed by the plurality of rows of fly knives is close to the cutting end of the fixed knife.

6. A pasture grass cutting and kneading machine as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the grain breaking and kneading device includes a grain breaking hammer roller and a kneading board, the grain breaking hammer roller is located below the discharge end of the cutting device, hammers are arranged on the grain breaking hammer roller in the circumferential direction, the kneading board is fixed on the inner side wall of the head of the hay cutter, the surface of the kneading board is close to the grain breaking hammer roller, and the surface of the kneading board is parallel to the axis of the grain breaking hammer roller.

7. A grass cutting and kneading machine as claimed in claim 6, wherein the thread rolling plate is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the head of the hay cutter by means of a hydraulic rod.

8. A pasture grass segment kneader as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the input end of the feed conveyor is provided with a feed grapple.