CN112953272B - Online self-checking method for driving of power electronic conversion device - Google Patents
Online self-checking method for driving of power electronic conversion device Download PDFInfo
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- CN112953272B CN112953272B CN202110271207.2A CN202110271207A CN112953272B CN 112953272 B CN112953272 B CN 112953272B CN 202110271207 A CN202110271207 A CN 202110271207A CN 112953272 B CN112953272 B CN 112953272B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/02—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/04—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/12—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/21—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M7/217—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M7/219—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only in a bridge configuration
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/26—Testing of individual semiconductor devices
- G01R31/2607—Circuits therefor
- G01R31/2608—Circuits therefor for testing bipolar transistors
- G01R31/2617—Circuits therefor for testing bipolar transistors for measuring switching properties thereof
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Power Conversion In General (AREA)
Abstract
The application provides a power electronic conversion device driving on-line self-checking method, which is used for monitoring the performance of a driver of a mass-produced power electronic conversion device. According to the online driving self-checking method provided by the application, an external testing circuit is not needed, only electronic self-elements are utilized, and the online testing of the performance of the driver of a mass production product can be realized through a specific control method, so that whether the performance of the driver and a corresponding power electronic switch (such as an IGBT device) thereof is normal can be rapidly and accurately judged.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to a driving online self-checking method, and belongs to the technical field of power electronic devices.
Background
Power electronics are typically comprised of power electronics, capacitors, inductors, drivers, controllers, and the like. The controller controls the switch state of the power electronic device through the driver, indirectly controls the voltage of the capacitor or the current of the inductor, and further realizes electric energy conversion. Common power electronics devices are IGBTs (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor, insulated gate bipolar transistors) and the like.
A typical power electronic conversion device is shown in fig. 1, the device comprising: the device comprises an alternating current input inductance L, a precharge contactor SW1, a precharge resistor R1, a main loop contactor SW2, IGBT devices S1/S2/S3/S4, IGBT drivers DR1/DR2/DR3/DR4, a direct current capacitor C and a load contactor SW3. The device converts the alternating voltage of the alternating current source A into the direct current voltage at two ends of the direct current capacitor C to provide energy for the load.
The device comprises a pre-charge contactor SW1 is first pulled in, and an alternating current source A pre-charges a direct current capacitor C through a pre-charge resistor R1 and diodes inside IGBT devices S1/S2/S3/S4. When the voltage of the direct-current capacitor C reaches a required threshold value, the precharge contactor SW1 is opened, the main loop contactor SW2 is closed, and the controller controls the switching state of the IGBT device S1/S2/S3/S4 in a certain mode through the driver DR1/DR2/DR3/DR4, so that the voltage of the direct-current capacitor C is stabilized at a voltage value required by a load, and then the load contactor SW3 is closed to supply energy to the load.
The driver in the power electronic device is used for converting the enabling or blocking signal sent by the controller into control voltages at two ends of the IGBT device GE, wherein the high voltage enables the IGBT to be turned on, and the zero voltage or the negative voltage enables the IGBT to be turned off. Meanwhile, in the on state of the IGBT, the state of the IGBT is judged by detecting the voltages at two ends of the IGBT device CE. The specific operation of the driver is shown in fig. 2 and 3.
As shown in fig. 2, in the normal operation mode, the driver operation method is:
at time T0, the controller sends an enabling signal to the driver, and the driver applies high voltage to two ends of the IGBT device GE to drive the IGBT to conduct. At this time, the current between the IGBT devices CE increases and the voltage decreases. At time T1, the current among the IGBT devices CE reaches a stable working state, and the voltage among the IGBT devices CE is reduced below the desaturation voltage. From time T1 to time T2, the driver monitors the voltage across IGBT device CE.
At time T2, the controller sends a blocking signal to the driver, and the driver applies zero voltage/negative voltage to the two ends of the IGBT device GE to drive the IGBT to be turned off. At this time, the current between the IGBT devices CE decreases and the voltage increases. At time T2, the voltage among the IGBT devices CE reaches a stable state, and the current among the IGBT devices CE drops to zero.
As shown in fig. 3, in the desaturation operation mode, the driver operation method is:
at time T0, the controller sends an enabling signal to the driver, and the driver applies high voltage to two ends of the IGBT device GE to drive the IGBT to conduct. At this time, the current between the IGBT devices CE increases and the voltage decreases. At time T1, the voltage among the IGBT devices CE drops below the desaturation voltage, and the current among the IGBT devices CE exceeds the stable working current. Continuing to rise, the IGBT device enters a desaturation state, and the voltage among the IGBT devices CE starts to rise. At the time T2, the voltage between the IGBT devices CE exceeds the desaturation voltage, the driver detects the voltage, judges that the IGBT enters the desaturation state, and actively applies zero voltage or negative voltage to the two ends of the IGBT device GE to drive the IGBT to turn off. At time T3, the IGBT is turned off, the current drops to zero, and the voltage at the two ends of the IGBT device CE is recovered to the rated value.
From the above analysis, it follows that the performance of the drive has a decisive influence on the safe operation of the power electronics. At the beginning of design, the power electronic device needs to adopt an off-line test method, and the performance of the driver is evaluated by an external test circuit. After entering the power electronic device after the test, the test circuit cannot be externally connected, so that the performance of a driver on a mass production product is not normally evaluated off-line, and a certain risk is brought to the safe operation of the power electronic device on site.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to solve the technical problems that: the power electronic device cannot be externally connected with a test circuit after entering mass production, and the performance of a driver on the mass production power electronic device cannot be evaluated offline.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present application provides an online self-checking method for driving a power electronic conversion device, for monitoring the performance of a driver of a power electronic conversion device that has been mass-produced, the power electronic conversion device includes a rectifier bridge, an upper bridge arm of the rectifier bridge is composed of N power electronic switches, a lower bridge arm of the rectifier bridge is composed of M power electronic switches, N is greater than or equal to 1, M is greater than or equal to 1, typically n=m, the switching state of each power electronic switch is controlled by an independent driver, all drivers are controlled by an external control system, an ac power supply charges an energy storage power electronic element via the rectifier bridge, and the energy storage power electronic element charges a load connected to the power electronic conversion device to provide a dc operating voltage, the online self-checking method includes the steps of:
step 1, connecting a mass-produced power electronic conversion device with an alternating current source, and enabling the alternating current source to charge an energy storage power electronic element in the power electronic conversion device through a rectifier bridge in the power electronic conversion device until the energy storage power electronic element reaches a pre-charge voltage threshold value;
step 2, named the driver for controlling the nth power electronic switch in the upper bridge armThe driver for controlling the mth power electronic switch in the upper leg is named driver +.>Then:
on-line test driverAnd the performance of the nth power electronic switch in the upper bridge arm comprises the following steps:
step 2A01, giving the driver through the control systemEnable signal, by driver->Driving an nth power electronic switch in the upper bridge arm to be conducted;
step 2A02, sequentially giving and dividing the driver through the control systemThe other drivers controlling N-2 power electronic switches in the remaining N-1 power electronic switches of the upper bridge arm are enabled signals, and finally enable signals with a certain time length T are given to the driver of the remaining one power electronic switch, so that the N-2 power electronic switches in the remaining N-1 power electronic switches of the upper bridge arm are driven to be conducted, and the remaining one of the remaining N-1 power electronic switches of the upper bridge arm is driven to be conducted within the conduction time length T;
step 2A03, in the conducting period T, the upper bridge arm of the rectifier bridge shorts the energy storage power electronic element, and N power electronic switch currents on the upper bridge arm are rapidly increased to enable the nth power in the upper bridge armThe electronic switch firstly enters and exceeds the desaturation state, if the nth power electronic switch in the upper bridge arm is drivenActively turn off, the nth power electronic switch and driver in the upper bridge arm>Normal performance, otherwise, n-th power electronic switch and driver in upper bridge arm +.>Abnormal performance;
on-line test driverAnd the performance of the mth power electronic switch in the lower bridge arm comprises the following steps:
step 2B01, giving the driver through the control systemEnable signal, by driver->Driving an mth power electronic switch in the lower bridge arm to be conducted;
step 2B02, sequentially giving and dividing the driver through the control systemThe driver enabling signals of M-2 power electronic switches in the remaining M-1 power electronic switches of the upper bridge arm are controlled, and finally enabling signals of a certain time length T are given to the driver of the remaining one power electronic switch, so that the M-2 power electronic switches in the remaining M-1 power electronic switches of the upper bridge arm are driven to be conducted, and the remaining one of the remaining M-1 power electronic switches of the upper bridge arm is driven to be conducted within the conduction time length T;
step 2B03, during the conducting period T, the lower bridge of the rectifier bridgeThe arm short-circuits the energy storage power electronic element, the current of M power electronic switches on the lower bridge arm is rapidly increased, the mth power electronic switch in the lower bridge arm firstly enters and exceeds the desaturation state, and if the mth power electronic switch in the lower bridge arm is drivenActively turn off, the mth power electronic switch and driver in the lower bridge arm>Normal performance, otherwise, mth power electronic switch and driver in lower bridge arm +.>The performance is abnormal.
Preferably, the conducting duration T is smaller than the short-circuit tolerance duration of the power electronic switch and larger than the driving short-circuit protection response duration.
According to the online driving self-checking method provided by the application, an external testing circuit is not needed, only electronic self-elements are utilized, and the online testing of the performance of the driver of a mass production product can be realized through a specific control method, so that whether the performance of the driver and a corresponding power electronic switch (such as an IGBT device) thereof is normal can be rapidly and accurately judged.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a typical power electronic conversion device;
FIG. 2 illustrates the operation of the drive in a normal operating mode;
FIG. 3 shows the operation of the drive in the desaturation mode
Fig. 4 is a schematic circuit diagram of a typical type I three-level structure.
Detailed Description
The application will be further illustrated with reference to specific examples. It is to be understood that these examples are illustrative of the present application and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application. Furthermore, it should be understood that various changes and modifications can be made by one skilled in the art after reading the teachings of the present application, and such equivalents are intended to fall within the scope of the application as defined in the appended claims.
Example 1
For the circuit shown in fig. 1, the driving on-line self-checking method of the power electronic conversion device disclosed in the embodiment includes the following steps:
and step 1, closing a precharge contactor SW1, and charging a direct-current capacitor by an alternating-current source through an alternating-current input inductor L and diodes of IGBT devices S1/S2/S3/S4 to enable the voltage of the direct-current capacitor to reach a precharge threshold value.
Step 2, the control system enables a signal to the driver DR1, and the driver DR1 drives the IGBT device S1 to be turned on.
Step 3, the control system gives an enabling signal of a specific time length T to the driver DR2, and the driver DR2 drives the IGBT device S2 to be turned on, where the turn-on duration is T.
And 4, at the moment, the IGBT device S1 and the IGBT device S2 short-circuit the direct-current capacitor C, and the current of the IGBT device S1 and the IGBT device S2 is rapidly increased, so that the IGBT device S1 is firstly in a desaturation state, and the voltage at two ends of the IGBT device S1 is rapidly increased to exceed the desaturation voltage.
In step 5, in the above case, if the driving performance of the driver DR1 is normal, the driver DR1 will actively turn off the IGBT device S1 and feed back the fault status to the control system. If the driving performance of the driver DR1 is abnormal, the driver DR2 will also actively turn off the IGBT device S2 when the duration T is over, so as to avoid the IGBT device S1/S2 from being damaged.
Based on the above method, it can be determined whether the driver DR1 and its corresponding IGBT device S1 are operating normally. By exchanging the driver DR1 and the driver DR2 in the above method, it can be determined whether the driver DR2 and the corresponding IGBT device S2 work normally. Similarly, it is also possible to determine whether the driver DR3 and its corresponding IGBT device S3, the driver DR4 and its corresponding IGBT device S4 are operating normally.
The selection principle of the fixed duration T in the method is as follows: t is smaller than the short-circuit tolerance duration of the IGBT device and longer than the driving short-circuit protection response duration.
Example 2
For the circuit shown in fig. 4, the driving on-line self-checking method of the power electronic conversion device disclosed in the embodiment includes the following steps:
and step 1, closing a precharge contactor SW1, and charging a direct-current capacitor C1/C2 by an alternating-current source through an alternating-current input inductor L and diodes of IGBT devices S1/S2/S3/S4 to enable the voltage of the direct-current capacitor C1/C2 to reach a precharge threshold value.
Step 2, the control system enables a signal to the driver DR1, and the driver DR1 drives the IGBT device S1 to be turned on.
Step 3, the control system enables signals to the driver DR2, and the driver DR2 drives the IGBT device S2 to be turned on.
And 4, the control system gives an enabling signal of a specific time length T to the driver DR3, and the driver DR3 drives the IGBT device S3 to be conducted, wherein the conducting time length is T.
And 5, at the moment, the IGBT device S1/S2/S3 shorts the direct-current capacitor C1, and the current of the IGBT device S1/S2/S3 is rapidly increased, so that the IGBT device S1 is firstly in a desaturation state, and the voltage at two ends of the IGBT device S1 is rapidly increased to exceed the desaturation voltage.
In step 6, in the above case, if the driving performance of the driver DR1 is normal, the driver DR1 will actively turn off the IGBT device S1 and feed back the fault status to the control system. If the driving performance of the driver DR1 is abnormal, the driver DR2/DR3 will also actively turn off the IGBT device S2/S3 at the end of the period T, so as to avoid the damage of the IGBT device S1/S2/S3.
Claims (2)
1. The on-line self-checking method for driving power electronic conversion device is used for monitoring the performance of the driver of the power electronic conversion device which is produced in mass, the power electronic conversion device comprises a rectifier bridge, an upper bridge arm of the rectifier bridge is composed of N power electronic switches, a lower bridge arm of the rectifier bridge is composed of M power electronic switches, N is more than or equal to 1, M is more than or equal to 1, N=M, the on-off state of each power electronic switch is controlled by an independent driver, all the drivers are controlled by an external control system, an alternating current power supply charges an energy storage power electronic element through the rectifier bridge, and the energy storage power electronic element charges a load connected with the power electronic conversion device to provide direct current working voltage, and the on-line self-checking method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, connecting a mass-produced power electronic conversion device with an alternating current source, and enabling the alternating current source to charge an energy storage power electronic element in the power electronic conversion device through a rectifier bridge in the power electronic conversion device until the energy storage power electronic element reaches a pre-charge voltage threshold value;
step 2, named the driver for controlling the nth power electronic switch in the upper bridge armThe driver for controlling the mth power electronic switch in the upper leg is named driver +.>Then:
on-line test driverAnd the performance of the nth power electronic switch in the upper bridge arm comprises the following steps:
step 2A01, giving the driver through the control systemEnable signal, by driver->Driving an nth power electronic switch in the upper bridge arm to be conducted;
step 2A02, sequentially giving and dividing the driver through the control systemThe other drivers controlling N-2 power electronic switches in the remaining N-1 power electronic switches of the upper bridge arm are enabled signals, and finally enable signals with a certain time length T are given to the drivers of the remaining one power electronic switch, so that N-17-one of the remaining N-1 power electronic switches of the upper bridge arm is driven2 power electronic switches are conducted, and the remaining one of the remaining N-1 power electronic switches of the upper bridge arm is driven to be conducted within a conduction time period T;
step 2A03, in the conducting period T, the upper bridge arm of the rectifier bridge shorts the energy storage power electronic element, the N power electronic switch currents on the upper bridge arm are rapidly increased, the nth power electronic switch in the upper bridge arm firstly enters and exceeds the desaturated state, if the nth power electronic switch in the upper bridge arm is driven by the driverActively turn off, the nth power electronic switch and driver in the upper bridge arm>Normal performance, otherwise, n-th power electronic switch and driver in upper bridge arm +.>Abnormal performance;
on-line test driverAnd the performance of the mth power electronic switch in the lower bridge arm comprises the following steps:
step 2B01, giving the driver through the control systemEnable signal, by driver->Driving an mth power electronic switch in the lower bridge arm to be conducted;
step 2B02, sequentially giving and dividing the driver through the control systemOther than those controlling the remaining M-1 power electronic switches of the upper bridge armThe driver enabling signals of the M-2 power electronic switches are finally provided for the drivers of the remaining one power electronic switch for enabling signals of a certain time length T, so that the M-2 power electronic switches in the M-1 power electronic switches of the upper bridge arm are driven to be conducted, and the remaining one of the M-1 power electronic switches of the upper bridge arm is driven to be conducted within the conduction time length T;
step 2B03, short-circuiting the energy storage power electronic element by the lower bridge arm of the rectifier bridge within the conduction time period T, and rapidly increasing the current of M power electronic switches on the lower bridge arm to make the M-th power electronic switch in the lower bridge arm enter and exceed the desaturated state first, if the M-th power electronic switch in the lower bridge arm is driven by the driverActively turn off, the mth power electronic switch and driver in the lower bridge arm>Normal performance, otherwise, mth power electronic switch and driver in lower bridge arm +.>The performance is abnormal.
2. The method for on-line self-test of power electronic conversion device driving as recited in claim 1, wherein said on-time T is less than a power electronic switch short-circuit tolerance time and greater than a driving short-circuit protection response time.
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