CN112942378A - Construction method for rotary drilling of superhard rock stratum - Google Patents
Construction method for rotary drilling of superhard rock stratum Download PDFInfo
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- CN112942378A CN112942378A CN202110138584.9A CN202110138584A CN112942378A CN 112942378 A CN112942378 A CN 112942378A CN 202110138584 A CN202110138584 A CN 202110138584A CN 112942378 A CN112942378 A CN 112942378A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/06—Foundation trenches ditches or narrow shafts
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B4/00—Drives for drilling, used in the borehole
- E21B4/06—Down-hole impacting means, e.g. hammers
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
Abstract
The invention discloses a construction method for rotary drilling of a superhard rock stratum, and relates to the technical field of construction drilling. The invention comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: determining the compressive strength of the rock stratum as a; step two: determining the pile diameter of a formed hole according to a preset construction scheme; step three: determining the number of layers of the small holes according to the pile diameter, the distance from the center of each layer of small holes to the center of each formed hole and the radius of each small hole; step four: determining the number of small holes of each layer according to the hardness and the center distance of the rock layer; step five: determining the position of each small hole and marking; step six: drilling a small hole by using a down-the-hole hammer in cooperation with a drilling machine according to the mark; step seven: and (5) forming holes by rotary drilling of a rotary drilling rig. According to the invention, small holes are hammered into small holes on the complete hard rock through the down-the-hole drill, the large cross section is changed into a small cross section, the stratum stress is released, the rock is easier to break, and the rock is drilled by the rotary drilling rig, so that the effects of high hole forming speed, low cost, high degree of mechanization and low safety risk are achieved in the construction environment of the superhard rock stratum.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of construction pore-forming, and particularly relates to a construction method for rotary drilling pore-forming of a superhard rock stratum.
Background
In the construction of pile foundations, rotary drilling and hole-forming pouring are main construction projects. When the compressive strength of the constructed rock reaches more than 60MPa, the rock is hard and cannot be drilled by adopting a conventional rotary drilling hole-forming process, and the conventional construction process comprises manual hole digging or impact drilling hole forming, but the two process methods have the following problems:
the construction of the manual hole digging pile needs to adopt a blasting process or a water mill drill to carry out footage, the blasting process is low in cost and high in construction speed, but the requirement on the environment is high, and the safety risk is high; the water grinding drill has high cost, low speed and great risk of using artificial safety.
The impact drilling hole has low cost and low safety risk, but the speed is slow.
The two construction processes can solve the problem of the construction process for forming the hole of the ultra-hard rock stratum cast-in-situ bored pile, but still have the defects of low mechanization degree, low speed, high cost and high safety risk, and particularly have outstanding performance in the construction of the large-diameter cast-in-situ bored pile.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a construction method for rotary drilling of a superhard rock stratum, which solves the problem that the existing hole is difficult to drill under the superhard rock stratum.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention relates to a construction method for rotary drilling of a superhard rock stratum, which comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: determining the compressive strength of the rock stratum as a;
step two: determining the pile diameter of a formed hole as b according to a preset construction scheme;
step three: determining the number x of layers of small holes according to the pile diameter, the distance c (x) from the center of each layer of small holes to the center of each formed hole, and the radius of each small hole is e;
step four: determining the number of the small holes of each layer as d (x) according to the hardness of the rock layer and the center distance c (x);
step five: determining the position of each small hole and marking;
step six: drilling a small hole by using a down-the-hole hammer and a drilling machine in a matching manner according to the mark, wherein the depth of the small hole is adapted to the required hole forming depth, so that the problem that the subsequent rotary drilling hole forming efficiency is low due to over-shallow is prevented;
step seven: and (5) forming holes by rotary drilling of a rotary drilling rig.
Preferably, in the third step, the method for determining the number x of the layers of the small holes is as follows:
the center distance c (x) from the center of each layer of small holes to the center of the formed holes is discussed in two cases:
the first condition is as follows:
when x is 2, the distance c (x) from the center of each layer of small holes to the center of the formed holes has the following value:
c(1)＝0；
the above equation represents: the pile diameter d of the formed hole is too small, so that more holes cannot be formed, and a circle of small holes are formed near the edge of the formed hole except for forming a small hole at the center of the formed hole;
case two:
when x is y and y is greater than 2, the distance c (x) from the center of each layer of small holes to the center of the formed holes has the following values:
c(1)＝0；
c(x)＝750x，1<x<y；
the above equation represents: except for punching small holes at the circle center of the formed hole and the edge close to the formed hole, one circle of holes are punched in the range of the formed hole by taking the circle center of the formed hole as the circle center and extending the distance of 750mm outwards.
Preferably, in the fourth step, the algorithm for determining the number of pores in each layer is as follows:
c(x)>at the time of 0, the number of the first,
when c (x) is 0, d (x) is 1;
the formula represents: only one small hole is drilled at the center of the hole, the number of the small holes of other rings is related to the radius of the ring in which the small hole is positioned, and the larger the radius of the ring in which the small hole is positioned is, the larger the number of the small holes on the ring is;
wherein n is a small hole value coefficient, and the value is 9000, and the unit is MPa.mm.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the invention, small holes are hammered into small holes on the complete hard rock through the down-the-hole drill, the large cross section is a small cross section, the rock is more easily broken after releasing stratum stress, and then the hard rock is broken along the broken surface by drilling with the rotary drilling rig, so that the hole forming efficiency is greatly improved, and the effects of high hole forming speed, low cost, high degree of mechanization and low safety risk are achieved in the construction environment of the superhard rock layer.
Of course, it is not necessary for any product in which the invention is practiced to achieve all of the above-described advantages at the same time.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a construction method for rotary drilling of a superhard rock layer;
FIG. 2 is a small hole construction position diagram of the construction method for rotary drilling of the superhard rock layer.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The first embodiment is as follows:
referring to fig. 1, the invention relates to a construction method for rotary drilling a hole in a superhard rock layer, comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: determining the compressive strength of the rock stratum as a;
step two: determining the pile diameter of a formed hole as b according to a preset construction scheme;
step three: determining the number x of layers of small holes according to the pile diameter, the distance c (x) from the center of each layer of small holes to the center of each formed hole, and the radius of each small hole is e;
step four: determining the number of the small holes of each layer as d (x) according to the hardness of the rock layer and the center distance c (x);
step five: determining the position of each small hole and marking;
step six: drilling a small hole by using a down-the-hole hammer and a drilling machine in a matching manner according to the mark, wherein the depth of the small hole is adapted to the required hole forming depth, so that the problem that the subsequent rotary drilling hole forming efficiency is low due to over-shallow is prevented;
step seven: and (5) forming holes by rotary drilling of a rotary drilling rig.
In the third step, the method for determining the number x of the layers of the small holes comprises the following steps:
the center distance c (x) from the center of each layer of small holes to the center of the formed holes is discussed in two cases:
the first condition is as follows:
when x is 2, the distance c (x) from the center of each layer of small holes to the center of the formed holes has the following value:
c(1)＝0；
the above equation represents: the pile diameter d of the formed hole is too small, so that more holes cannot be formed, and a circle of small holes are formed near the edge of the formed hole except for forming a small hole at the center of the formed hole;
case two:
when x is y and y is greater than 2, the distance c (x) from the center of each layer of small holes to the center of the formed holes has the following values:
c(1)＝0；
c(x)＝750x，1<x<y；
the above equation represents: except for punching small holes at the circle center of the formed hole and the edge close to the formed hole, one circle of holes are punched in the range of the formed hole by taking the circle center of the formed hole as the circle center and extending the distance of 750mm outwards.
In the fourth step, the algorithm for determining the number of the small holes in each layer is as follows:
c(x)>at the time of 0, the number of the first,
when c (x) is 0, d (x) is 1;
the formula represents: only one small hole is drilled at the center of the hole, the number of the small holes of other rings is related to the radius of the ring in which the small hole is positioned, and the larger the radius of the ring in which the small hole is positioned is, the larger the number of the small holes on the ring is;
wherein n is a small hole value coefficient, and the value is 9000, and the unit is MPa.mm.
Example two:
referring to fig. 2, in the construction method for rotary drilling a hole in a superhard rock layer according to the present invention, on a construction site of an engineering cast-in-place pile, a down-the-hole hammer is used to form a small hole at the position of the small hole in fig. 2, the radius of the small hole is 50mm, and then a rotary drilling rig is used to rotary drill the hole; the rock needing to be perforated in the construction site is quartz sandstone, the compressive strength measured by the quartz sandstone is 130MPa, the pile diameter is 2500mm, the pile length is 15m, the same workers are used for measuring the construction period according to a manual hole digging pile construction method, a percussion drill construction method and the rotary drilling hole forming construction method provided by the invention respectively, and the measurement results are shown in the following table:
table one: time (day) needed for pore-forming by three construction methods
| Manual hole digging construction method | Percussion drilling method | Rotary drilling hole-forming construction method | |
| Pore-forming time (sky) | 120 | 75 | 7 |
According to the method, the down-the-hole hammer is used for forming the small hole, and then the rotary drilling is used for forming the hole, so that the hole forming efficiency of the ultra-hard rock stratum can be greatly improved, and the construction progress is improved.
Substituting the above values into formula to obtain x is 3, c (1) is 0mm, c (2) is 750mm, and c (3) is 1200 mm; further, d (1) is 1, d (2) is 10, and d (3) is 17.
As shown in FIG. 2, 4 is the range of the formed holes, 3 is the circle of the center of the outermost layer hole, 2 is the circle of the center of the middle layer hole, and 1 is the position of the hole at the center of the formed hole.
It should be noted that holes cannot be formed in the construction site in the embodiment by a common rotary drilling hole forming method.
In the description herein, references to the description of "one embodiment," "an example," "a specific example" or the like are intended to mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
The preferred embodiments of the invention disclosed above are intended to be illustrative only. The preferred embodiments are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise embodiments disclosed. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and the practical application, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.
Claims (3)
1. A construction method for rotary drilling of a superhard rock stratum is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: determining the compressive strength of the rock stratum as a;
step two: determining the pile diameter of a formed hole as b according to a preset construction scheme;
step three: determining the number x of layers of small holes according to the pile diameter, the distance c (x) from the center of each layer of small holes to the center of each formed hole, and the radius of each small hole is e;
step four: determining the number of the small holes of each layer as d (x) according to the hardness of the rock layer and the center distance c (x);
step five: determining the position of each small hole and marking;
step six: drilling a small hole by using a down-the-hole hammer and a drilling machine according to the mark, wherein the depth of the small hole is adapted to the required hole-forming depth;
step seven: and (5) forming holes by rotary drilling of a rotary drilling rig.
2. The construction method for the rotary drilling and hole forming of the superhard rock stratum according to claim 1, wherein in the third step, the method for determining the number x of the small holes is as follows:
the center distance c (x) from the center of each layer of small holes to the center of the formed holes is discussed in two cases:
the first condition is as follows:
when x is 2, the distance c (x) from the center of each layer of small holes to the center of the formed holes has the following value:
c(1)＝0；
case two:
when x is y and y is greater than 2, the distance c (x) from the center of each layer of small holes to the center of the formed holes has the following values:
c(1)＝0；
c(x)＝750x，1<x<y；
3. the construction method for the rotary drilling and hole forming of the ultrahard rock stratum according to claim 2, wherein in the fourth step, an algorithm for determining the number of the small holes in each layer is as follows:
c(x)>at the time of 0, the number of the first,
when c (x) is 0, d (x) is 1;
wherein n is a small hole value coefficient, and the unit is MPa.mm.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110138584.9A CN112942378A (en) | 2021-02-01 | 2021-02-01 | Construction method for rotary drilling of superhard rock stratum |
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| CN202110138584.9A CN112942378A (en) | 2021-02-01 | 2021-02-01 | Construction method for rotary drilling of superhard rock stratum |
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Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104805831A (en) * | 2015-04-09 | 2015-07-29 | 深圳市永鑫建筑工程集团有限公司 | Pore-forming method of hard rock foundation pile with large diameter |
| CN105804060A (en) * | 2016-04-06 | 2016-07-27 | 中铁二十三局集团有限公司 | Construction method for digging pile foundation hole manually |
| CN107143281A (en) * | 2017-05-18 | 2017-09-08 | 浙江省地矿建设有限公司 | The method of construction bored concrete pile |
| CN110344400A (en) * | 2019-07-17 | 2019-10-18 | 北京建材地质工程有限公司 | The hard rock pore-forming construction technology of churning driven opportunity |
| KR102069282B1 (en) * | 2019-05-03 | 2020-02-11 | 송채연 | Excavation hammers for core barrel work that can be used for rock excavation and core cutting by turning direction of rotation |
| CN111255399A (en) * | 2020-01-15 | 2020-06-09 | 深圳市工勘岩土集团有限公司 | Hard rock small drill array core drilling method for large-diameter rotary-digging cast-in-place pile |
-
2021
- 2021-02-01 CN CN202110138584.9A patent/CN112942378A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104805831A (en) * | 2015-04-09 | 2015-07-29 | 深圳市永鑫建筑工程集团有限公司 | Pore-forming method of hard rock foundation pile with large diameter |
| CN105804060A (en) * | 2016-04-06 | 2016-07-27 | 中铁二十三局集团有限公司 | Construction method for digging pile foundation hole manually |
| CN107143281A (en) * | 2017-05-18 | 2017-09-08 | 浙江省地矿建设有限公司 | The method of construction bored concrete pile |
| KR102069282B1 (en) * | 2019-05-03 | 2020-02-11 | 송채연 | Excavation hammers for core barrel work that can be used for rock excavation and core cutting by turning direction of rotation |
| CN110344400A (en) * | 2019-07-17 | 2019-10-18 | 北京建材地质工程有限公司 | The hard rock pore-forming construction technology of churning driven opportunity |
| CN111255399A (en) * | 2020-01-15 | 2020-06-09 | 深圳市工勘岩土集团有限公司 | Hard rock small drill array core drilling method for large-diameter rotary-digging cast-in-place pile |
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Application publication date: 20210611 |