CN112922806B - Hydrogen and natural gas separation system and method and gas pressure transmission device - Google Patents
Hydrogen and natural gas separation system and method and gas pressure transmission device Download PDFInfo
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- CN112922806B CN112922806B CN202110069717.1A CN202110069717A CN112922806B CN 112922806 B CN112922806 B CN 112922806B CN 202110069717 A CN202110069717 A CN 202110069717A CN 112922806 B CN112922806 B CN 112922806B
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- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 148
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 133
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 7
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009365 direct transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000452 restraining effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004781 supercooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001131 transforming effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B27/00—Multi-cylinder pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders
- F04B27/08—Multi-cylinder pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinders coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis
- F04B27/0804—Multi-cylinder pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinders coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis having rotary cylinder block
- F04B27/0808—Multi-cylinder pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinders coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis having rotary cylinder block having two or more sets of cylinders or pistons
- F04B27/0813—Multi-cylinder pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinders coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis having rotary cylinder block having two or more sets of cylinders or pistons inclined to main shaft axis
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/22—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by diffusion
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B35/00—Piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by the driving means to their working members, or by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors, not otherwise provided for
- F04B35/008—Piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by the driving means to their working members, or by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors, not otherwise provided for the means being a fluid transmission link
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17D—PIPE-LINE SYSTEMS; PIPE-LINES
- F17D1/00—Pipe-line systems
- F17D1/02—Pipe-line systems for gases or vapours
- F17D1/065—Arrangements for producing propulsion of gases or vapours
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/22—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by diffusion
- B01D2053/221—Devices
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2256/00—Main component in the product gas stream after treatment
- B01D2256/16—Hydrogen
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2256/00—Main component in the product gas stream after treatment
- B01D2256/24—Hydrocarbons
- B01D2256/245—Methane
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/34—Hydrogen distribution
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of gas transportation and pressure energy recovery, and discloses a hydrogen and natural gas separation system, a method and a gas pressure transmission device. The invention has the following advantages and effects: the gas pressure transmission device provided by the application directly transmits pressure energy-pressure energy, and realizes the whole pressure transmission cycle through centrifugal force and air pressure, only a very small part of piston friction energy loss and sealing leakage loss exist, the utilization efficiency of mixed gas residual pressure is high, and the energy transmission efficiency can reach more than 95% in a normal working state; the separated natural gas is pressurized by adopting the mixed gas residual pressure, so that on one hand, the waste of the residual pressure is avoided, on the other hand, the natural gas pressurization step is also saved, and the overall energy consumption of the system is jointly reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of fuel gas transportation and pressure energy recovery, in particular to a hydrogen and natural gas separation system and method and a gas pressure transmission device.
Background
At present, natural gas is a necessary resource for the life of residents, and the coverage area of a natural gas pipeline network in a city is further expanded. In the natural gas industry of China, three large petrochemical central enterprises of petroleum are used as supports, a national main line natural gas pipeline network is constructed in a layout mode, and a multi-market main body supplements and mainly configures a city peripheral branch gas distribution pipeline network and various operation modes. The natural gas pipe network transportation system is relatively perfect.
Fuel cell traffic has developed rapidly as fuel cell technology matures and costs rapidly decrease in recent years. However, the corresponding hydrogen storage and transportation cost is high. The storage and transportation modes of the hydrogen comprise a special hydrogen pipeline, compressed hydrogen (CH2), liquefied hydrogen (LH2), Liquid Organic Hydrogen Carrier (LOHC), metal alloy hydrogen storage and the like. The hydrogen pipeline transportation has the characteristics of large transportation quantity, high supply reliability and the like, but the pipeline investment is overhigh. The problem of hydrogen transport has become a key issue that has restricted the development of fuel cells and fuel cell vehicles.
The existing mature natural gas pipeline facilities are utilized, hydrogen is injected on the premise of not specially processing and transforming equipment facilities, and large-scale hydrogen conveying can be realized under the condition of natural gas and hydrogen mixed transportation, so that the hydrogen conveying cost is greatly reduced. However, in many cases, relatively pure natural gas or hydrogen is required as an industrial raw material, and thus separation of a natural gas-hydrogen mixture is required.
Meanwhile, the mixed gas of the natural gas and the hydrogen is transported at high pressure, and the conventional separation mode of the mixed gas of the natural gas and the hydrogen is to separate the mixed gas under the condition of relatively low pressure, so that the excess pressure of the mixed gas is lost by the conventional separation; moreover, the secondary transportation of the natural gas also needs pressurization, so that the energy consumption is large; the currently developed technologies for utilizing residual energy include pressure energy storage and peak regulation, pressure energy power generation, natural gas liquefaction, refrigeration and the like, and the residual pressure utilization is to convert pressure energy into energy in other forms, so that the energy conversion loss is large.
Disclosure of Invention
The system and the method for separating the hydrogen and the natural gas and the gas pressure transmission device have the advantages that the loss of mixed gas excess pressure is avoided, the natural gas is pressurized by utilizing the excess pressure, and the pressurization energy consumption is reduced.
In order to achieve the above purposes, on one hand, the technical scheme is as follows:
a gas pressure transfer device for transferring pressure energy of a high pressure gas to a low pressure gas, comprising:
the device comprises a shell, a first cavity and a second cavity, wherein the first cavity and the second cavity are oppositely arranged at two ends of the shell, partition plates are horizontally arranged in the first cavity and the second cavity respectively, the first cavity and the second cavity are divided into an inlet and an outlet by the partition plates, and the inlet of the first cavity and the outlet of the second cavity are oppositely arranged;
the rotor is rotatably arranged inside the shell and separates the first cavity from the second cavity;
the piston assemblies are arranged in a plurality of groups, are uniformly arranged in the rotor in the circumferential direction and are obliquely gathered from the first cavity to the second cavity;
the thickness of the diaphragm is greater than the diameter of the piston assembly;
during rotation of the rotor, after each piston assembly passes through the partition, the pistons in the piston assemblies move from the upper end to the lower end of the piston assembly.
Preferably, the rotor is frustum-shaped, and a generatrix of the rotor is parallel to the axis of the piston assembly.
Preferably, the piston assembly includes:
the piston cavities are arranged in a plurality of groups, are uniformly arranged in the rotor in the circumferential direction, and are obliquely gathered from the first cavity to the second cavity;
the pressure transmission piston comprises a first end, a second end and a piston rod, wherein the first end and the second end are connected through the piston rod, and the first end, the second end and a piston cavity are arranged in a sealing sliding mode.
Preferably, the diameter of the first end is smaller than that of the second end, the inner wall of the piston cavity is in a step shape, and the first end and the second end are respectively in sliding sealing arrangement with the inner wall of one step;
the first end faces the high-pressure gas inlet direction.
Preferably, a rotor shaft is arranged at the axis position of the rotor, and the rotor shaft is rotatably arranged inside the partition plate and extends out of the partition plate along the axial direction.
Still provide a hydrogen natural gas piece-rate system based on aforementioned gas pressure transmission device, follow high-pressure natural gas of high-pressure gas mixture pipeline input, hydrogen mixture, to hydrogen pipeline output hydrogen, to natural gas pipeline output high-pressure natural gas, the system includes:
the inlet of the first cavity of the gas pressure transmission device is connected with the high-pressure mixed gas pipeline;
the membrane separation device is provided with a membrane separation inlet, a permeate gas outlet and a non-permeate gas outlet, the membrane separation inlet is communicated with the first cavity outlet of the gas pressure transmission device, the non-permeate gas outlet is connected with the inlet of the second cavity of the gas pressure transmission device, and the permeate gas outlet is connected with a hydrogen pipeline;
and the inlet of the booster pump is communicated with the outlet of the second cavity of the gas pressure transmission device, and the outlet of the booster pump is connected with a natural gas pipeline.
Preferably, the system also comprises a first heat exchanger, a second heat exchanger, a circulating water pump and a circulating pipeline, wherein the circulating pipeline connects the first heat exchanger, the second heat exchanger and the circulating water pump in a circulating manner;
the first heat exchanger is arranged between the outlet of the first cavity and the membrane separation inlet;
the second heat exchanger is arranged between the outlet of the second cavity and the booster pump.
The separation method based on the hydrogen and natural gas separation system comprises the following steps:
s1, starting the gas pressure transmission device to make the rotor rotate to a set speed;
s2, inputting high-pressure natural gas and hydrogen mixed gas from a high-pressure mixed gas pipeline to the inlet of the first cavity, extruding the piston assembly by the mixed gas, and moving the piston of the piston assembly to one end of the second cavity to press gas in the outlet of the second cavity;
s3, the rotor drives the piston assembly to rotate continuously, when the piston assembly passes through the plane of the partition plate, the piston in the piston assembly moves towards the outlet of the first cavity, the piston assembly discharges the natural gas and hydrogen mixed gas with reduced pressure in the piston assembly towards the outlet of the first cavity, and the gas at the inlet of the second cavity is sucked;
s4, enabling the mixed gas after pressure reduction discharged from the first cavity to enter a membrane separation device, outputting hydrogen to a hydrogen pipeline from a permeate gas outlet, and outputting natural gas to a second cavity inlet from a non-permeate gas outlet;
and S5, after being pressurized by the gas pressure transmission device, the natural gas is conveyed to the booster pump from the outlet of the second cavity body, is subjected to secondary pressurization and is output to the natural gas pipeline.
Preferably, between the steps S3 and S4, the following steps are added:
and S3.1, after the mixture of the natural gas and the hydrogen with reduced pressure is discharged out of the gas pressure transmission device, heating the mixture in a first heat exchanger.
Preferably, between the steps S4 and S5, the following steps are added:
and S4.1, after the natural gas with increased pressure is discharged from the gas pressure transmission device, cooling the natural gas in a second heat exchanger.
The beneficial effect that technical scheme that this application provided brought includes:
1. the application provides a gas pressure transmission device is through "pressure energy-pressure energy" direct transmission, and the centre does not have the energy conversion through other forms, only has minimum partial piston friction energy loss and sealed leakage loss, and the gas mixture excess pressure utilization efficiency is high, and energy transmission efficiency can reach more than 95% under the normal operating condition.
2. The application provides a gas pressure transmission device realizes whole pressure transmission circulation through centrifugal force and atmospheric pressure jointly, need not complicated pump package spare among the prior art, has reduced the device complexity, has improved the validity of device, has reduced the cost of device.
2. According to the method, the natural gas after separation is pressurized by using the mixed gas residual pressure, so that the waste of the residual pressure is avoided, the natural gas pressurizing step is also saved on the other hand, and the overall energy consumption of the system is jointly reduced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the description below are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is an embodiment of a hydrogen natural gas separation system according to the present application.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the gas pressure transmission device in the embodiment shown in fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a front view of fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along plane a-a of fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the pressure transmission piston in fig. 4.
Reference numerals:
1. a housing; 11. a first cavity; 12. a second cavity; 13. a partition plate; 2. a rotor; 21. a rotor shaft; 3. a piston assembly; 31. a piston cavity; 32. a pressure transmitting piston; 321. a first end head; 322. a second end; 323. a piston rod; 4. a gas pressure transmission device; 5. a membrane separation device; 51. a membrane separation inlet; 52. a permeate gas outlet; 53. a non-permeate gas outlet; 6. a booster pump; 71. a high pressure mixed gas pipeline; 72. a hydrogen gas conduit; 73. a natural gas pipeline; 81. a first heat exchanger; 82. a second heat exchanger; 83. a water circulating pump; 84. a circulation pipeline.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the respective embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 2 and 4, the gas pressure transmission device 4 includes a housing 1, a rotor 2, a piston assembly 3 and a partition plate 13, and a first cavity 11 and a second cavity 12 are respectively disposed at two ends of the housing 1, and in the present embodiment, the first cavity 11 is used for flowing pressurized gas, and the second cavity 12 is used for flowing pressurized gas. Horizontal baffles 13 are respectively arranged in the first cavity 11 and the second cavity 12, the baffles 13 divide the first cavity 11 and the second cavity 12 into an inlet and an outlet, and the inlet of the first cavity 11 and the outlet of the second cavity 12 are arranged oppositely.
The rotor 2 is arranged in the shell 1, and the first cavity 11 and the second cavity 12 at two ends are sealed relatively, so that gas cannot leak from the first cavity 11 into the second cavity 12. The piston assembly 3 is arranged in the rotor 2, and because the first cavity 11 is taken as the processing direction of the pressurized gas in the embodiment, the piston assembly 3 is arranged in a gathering and inclining way from the first cavity 11 to the second cavity 12, and simultaneously, the inlet of the first cavity 11 is limited to be above the partition plate 13, and the pressurized gas enters from the inlet of the first cavity 11. In some other embodiments there is also access from the inlet of the second chamber 12, except that the piston assembly 3 is relatively heavy in its own weight and the inlet of the second chamber 12 is on the underside of the partition 13.
The thickness of the partition plate 13 is larger than the diameter of the piston assembly 3, so that the condition that the inlet and the outlet are communicated by the piston assembly 3 during the rotation of the rotor 2 to cause the failure of the device is avoided. During the rotation of the rotor 2, the piston stroke in the piston assembly 3 is thereby moved from the upper position to the lower position of the piston assembly 3 for each time the piston assembly 3 rotates past the partition 13.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 4, when the piston assembly 3 rotates above the partition plate 13, the side of the piston assembly 3 close to the first cavity 11 is higher, so that the piston of the piston assembly 3 moves from the first cavity 11 to the second cavity 12 under the action of gravity and the pressure of the pressurized gas in the first cavity 11. When the piston assembly 3 is rotated to be positioned below the partition plate 13, the side of the piston assembly 3 close to the second cavity 12 is higher, so that the piston of the piston assembly 3 moves from the side of the second cavity 12 to the side of the first cavity 11 under the action of gravity and centrifugal force, and a cycle is completed.
As the optimization of the embodiment, the rotor 2 is of a frustum shape, as shown in fig. 4, the overall shapes of the rotor 2 and the piston assembly 3 are the same, so that the overall stress of the rotor 2 is more balanced, and the energy required by the rotation of the rotor 2 is more balanced.
As the optimization of this embodiment, the piston assembly 3 includes a piston cavity 31 and a pressure transmission piston 32, the piston cavity 31 is disposed in the rotor 2 in an inclined manner, the transmission piston is slidably disposed in the piston cavity 31, the transmission piston has two ends, and the ends are connected by a piston rod 323 to reduce the weight of the transmission piston and reduce the pressure energy consumption.
Furthermore, the diameter of the first end 321 is smaller than that of the second end 322, the inner wall of the piston cavity 31 is arranged in a step shape, the first end 321 is embedded in the piston cavity 31 with a smaller inner diameter, the second end 322 is embedded in the piston cavity 31 with a larger inner diameter, the reason for this is that on one hand the area of the pressurizing gas side is reduced to increase the pressure exerted by the pressurizing gas, so that the pressure of the pressurized gas is lower when the pressure is balanced, and the pressure energy transmission capacity is increased, on the other hand, because the pressurized gas is typically at a low pressure, which is a compressible fluid, the gas density is very low, the single pressurized volume is limited, so that the mass flow of the pressurized gas is less than the mass flow of the separated natural gas, continuous production cannot be realized, therefore, the volume of the side of the pressurized gas is reduced to achieve the flow balance, continuous production can be realized, and the following formula is required to meet the flow balance:
ρ 1 S A ＝ρ 2 S B
where ρ is 1 For applying a gas inlet density, S A Is the first end area, p 2 Is the outlet density of the pressurized gas, S B The second end area.
As an optimization of the present embodiment, a rotor shaft 21 is disposed at the axis of the rotor 2, and the rotor shaft 21 is rotatably disposed in the partition plate 13 and extends out of the partition plate 13, so that the rotation speed of the rotor 2 can be controlled externally, and the sealing effect of the partition plate 13 is not affected by the rotor shaft 21.
An embodiment of a hydrogen-natural gas separation system based on the aforementioned gas pressure transfer device 4 is used for inputting high-pressure natural gas-hydrogen mixture from a high-pressure mixture pipeline 71, then outputting hydrogen to a hydrogen pipeline 72, and outputting high-pressure natural gas to a natural gas pipeline 73, the system includes the aforementioned gas pressure transfer device 4, a membrane separation device 5 and a booster pump 6, an inlet of a first cavity 11 in the gas pressure transfer device 4 is connected to the high-pressure mixture pipeline 71, an outlet of the first cavity 11 is connected to a membrane separation inlet 51 of the membrane separation device 5, the mixture is separated in the membrane separation system, permeate gas is hydrogen, and is discharged from a permeate gas outlet 52 to the hydrogen pipeline 72, non-permeate gas is natural gas, and is discharged from a non-permeate gas outlet 5352 to an inlet of a second cavity 12 of the gas pressure transfer device 4, and enters the booster pump 6 from an outlet of the second cavity 12 after primary pressurization in the gas pressure transfer device 4, the booster pump 6 enters the natural gas pipeline 73 after secondary pressurization.
As the optimization of the present embodiment, the hydrogen-natural gas separation system is further provided with a first heat exchanger 81, a second heat exchanger 82, a circulating water pump 83, and a circulating pipe 84, the first heat exchanger 81, the second heat exchanger 82, and the circulating water pump 83 are connected in a circulating manner by the circulating pipe 84, and cooling water circulates among the three. The second heat exchanger 82 is arranged between the outlet of the second cavity 12 and the booster pump 6, heat generated after gas pressurization is absorbed through cooling water, the first heat exchanger 81 is arranged between the outlet of the first cavity 11 and the membrane separation inlet 51, hot water after heat absorption through the second heat exchanger 82 is heated to release pressure, and the self-cooled mixed gas has the functions of restraining harm to the membrane caused by liquefaction of a small amount of impurities contained in the pressurized gas due to supercooling after expansion of the pressurized gas, reducing the temperature of the gas entering the pipe network and reducing the load of the pipe network.
The embodiment of the separation method based on the hydrogen natural gas separation system is also provided, 1t/h of hydrogen and methane mixed gas is recovered, the efficiency of membrane separation of hydrogen is 90%, and the separation method comprises the following steps:
s1, starting the gas pressure transmission device 4 to rotate the rotor 2 to a set speed;
s2, inputting high-pressure natural gas and hydrogen mixed gas from the high-pressure mixed gas pipeline 71 to the inlet of the first cavity 11, wherein the pressure is 10.0Mpa, the mixed gas extrudes the piston assembly 3, the piston of the piston assembly 3 moves towards one end of the second cavity 12, and the gas in the outlet of the second cavity 12 is pressurized to 9.5 Mpa;
s3, the rotor 2 drives the piston assembly 3 to rotate continuously, when the piston assembly 3 passes through the plane of the partition plate 13, the piston in the piston assembly 3 moves towards the outlet of the first cavity 11 under the action of gravity and centrifugal force, the piston assembly 3 discharges the natural gas and hydrogen gas mixture with reduced pressure in the piston assembly 3 towards the outlet of the first cavity 11, the pressure of the mixture is reduced to 5.0MPa, and the gas at the inlet of the second cavity 12 is sucked, and the pressure of the mixture is 4.9 MPa;
s4, the mixed gas after pressure reduction discharged from the first cavity 11 enters a membrane separation device 5, hydrogen is output to a hydrogen pipeline 72 from a permeate gas outlet 52 in the state of pressure 2.0Mpa, temperature-7.7 ℃ and mass flow rate 268.95kg/h, and natural gas is output to an inlet of the second cavity 12 from a non-permeate gas outlet 5352 in the state of pressure 4.9Mpa, temperature-7.7 ℃ and mass flow rate 731.05 kg/h;
s5 the natural gas is pressurized by the gas pressure transmission device 4, then is transported to the booster pump 6 from the outlet of the second cavity 12 in the state of 9.5Mpa pressure, 46.12 ℃, 731.05kg/h mass flow, and after the secondary pressurization, the pressure is increased to 10Mpa and then is output to the natural gas pipeline 73;
in step S1, the rotation speed is determined by the following two equations:
F 1 ＝G r -F r -f+(P g1 S A -P g2 S B )
F 2 ＝G r +F r -f-(P d1 S A -P d2 S B )
wherein it is required for F 1 >0、F 2 >0, wherein the parameters in the formula are as follows:
F 1 : the resultant force is applied when the piston assembly is located at the highest position;
F 2 : the piston assembly is subjected to resultant force when located at the lowest position;
G r : a component force of gravity downward along the axis direction of the piston assembly;
F r : the component force of the centrifugal force along the axial direction of the piston assembly;
f: frictional resistance when the piston moves;
P g1 : applying a pressure gas inlet pressure;
P g2 : a pressurized gas outlet pressure;
P d1 : applying a pressure gas outlet pressure;
P d2 : applying a pressure gas outlet pressure;
S A : a first tip area;
S B : area of the second end;
wherein G r 、f、S A And S B Is a known value, P g1 、P g2 、P d1 And P d2 The preset value is obtained by selecting a proper component force Fr of the centrifugal force along the axial direction of the piston assembly, converting the component force Fr into the centrifugal force and finally converting the component force Fr into the rotating speed; it should be noted that the calculation method relies on the gas pressure transmission device of the previous embodiment, that is, the pressurized gas enters from the inlet at the upper part of the first cavity, and the pressurized gas enters from the inlet at the lower part of the second cavity, and the corresponding formula can be derived from the calculation method in other embodiments.
In some embodiments, between the steps S3 and S4, the following steps are added:
s3.1 after the mixture of the natural gas and the hydrogen with reduced pressure is discharged from the gas pressure transmission device 4, the mixture enters the first heat exchanger 81 to be heated, the temperature of the mixture before heating is-17.6 ℃, and the temperature after heating is-7.3 ℃, so that the condensation of trace impurity gas in the mixture is effectively prevented.
Further to the foregoing embodiment, S4.1 enters the second heat exchanger 82 for cooling after the pressurized natural gas exits the gas pressure transmission device 4, where the temperature before cooling the natural gas is 46.12 ℃, and the temperature after cooling is 26.12 ℃, so as to reduce the temperature of the natural gas and the load of the natural gas pipe network on one hand, and provide a heat source for the first heat exchanger 81 on the other hand, thereby reducing the overall energy consumption of the system.
In the above examples, the gas state parameters are shown in table 1:
table-gas state parameter
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and such modifications and improvements are also considered to be within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A gas pressure transfer apparatus for transferring pressure energy of a high-pressure gas to a low-pressure gas, comprising:
the device comprises a shell (1), a first cavity (11) and a second cavity (12) which are oppositely arranged are arranged at two ends of the shell, partition plates (13) are horizontally arranged in the first cavity (11) and the second cavity (12) respectively, the first cavity (11) and the second cavity (12) are divided into an inlet and an outlet by the partition plates (13), and the inlet of the first cavity (11) and the outlet of the second cavity (12) are oppositely arranged;
a rotor (2) rotatably disposed inside the housing (1), and the rotor (2) separates the first cavity (11) and the second cavity (12);
the piston assemblies (3) are provided with a plurality of groups, and the groups are uniformly arranged in the rotor (2) in the circumferential direction and are obliquely gathered from the first cavity (11) to the second cavity (12);
the thickness of the partition plate (13) is larger than the diameter of the piston assembly (3);
in the rotation process of the rotor (2), after each piston assembly (3) passes through the partition plate (13), the piston in the piston assembly (3) moves from the higher end to the lower end of the piston assembly (3).
2. The gas pressure transmission device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the rotor (2) is frustum-shaped, and a generatrix of the rotor (2) is parallel to the axis of the piston assembly (3).
3. The gas pressure transmission device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the piston assembly (3) comprises:
the piston cavities (31) are provided with a plurality of groups, are uniformly arranged in the rotor (2) in the circumferential direction, and are obliquely arranged from the first cavity (11) to the second cavity (12);
the pressure transmission piston (32) comprises a first end head (321), a second end head (322) and a piston rod (323), the first end head (321) is connected with the second end head (322) through the piston rod (323), and the first end head (321), the second end head (322) and the piston cavity (31) are arranged in a sealing and sliding mode.
4. The gas pressure transmission device according to claim 3, characterized in that:
the diameter of the first end head (321) is smaller than that of the second end head (322), the inner wall of the piston cavity (31) is arranged in a step shape, and the first end head (321) and the second end head (322) are arranged in a sliding and sealing mode with the inner wall of one step respectively;
the first end head (321) faces to the high-pressure gas inlet direction.
5. The gas pressure transmission device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the axial line position of rotor (2) is provided with rotor shaft (21), rotor shaft (21) rotate set up in baffle (13) inside and stretch out baffle (13) along the axial.
6. A hydrogen and natural gas separation system based on the gas pressure transfer device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein natural gas and hydrogen mixture are supplied at high pressure from a high-pressure mixture pipe (71), hydrogen is supplied to a hydrogen pipe (72), and high-pressure natural gas is supplied to a natural gas pipe (73), the system comprising:
a gas pressure transmission device (4) with an inlet of the first cavity (11) connected to the high-pressure mixed gas pipeline (71);
the membrane separation device (5) is provided with a membrane separation inlet (51), a permeate gas outlet (52) and a non-permeate gas outlet (53), the membrane separation inlet (51) is communicated with an outlet of the first cavity (11) of the gas pressure transmission device (4), the non-permeate gas outlet (53) is connected with an inlet of the second cavity (12) of the gas pressure transmission device (4), and the permeate gas outlet (52) is connected with a hydrogen pipeline (72);
and the inlet of the booster pump (6) is communicated with the outlet of the second cavity (12) of the gas pressure transmission device (4), and the outlet of the booster pump is connected with a natural gas pipeline (73).
7. A hydrogen natural gas separation system as defined in claim 6, wherein: the heat exchanger is characterized by further comprising a first heat exchanger (81), a second heat exchanger (82), a circulating water pump (83) and a circulating pipeline (84), wherein the circulating pipeline (84) connects the first heat exchanger (81), the second heat exchanger (82) and the circulating water pump (83) in a circulating mode;
the first heat exchanger (81) is arranged between the outlet of the first cavity (11) and the membrane separation inlet (51);
the second heat exchanger (82) is arranged between the outlet of the second cavity (12) and the booster pump (6).
8. A separation method based on the hydrogen natural gas separation system according to claim 6, characterized by comprising the steps of:
s1, starting the gas pressure transmission device (4) to rotate the rotor (2) to a set speed;
s2, inputting high-pressure natural gas and hydrogen gas mixture from the high-pressure gas mixture pipeline (71) to the inlet of the first cavity (11), extruding the piston assembly (3) by the mixture, and moving the piston of the piston assembly (3) to one end of the second cavity (12) to press gas in the outlet of the second cavity (12);
s3, the rotor (2) drives the piston assembly (3) to continue rotating, when the piston assembly (3) passes through the plane of the partition plate (13), the piston in the piston assembly (3) moves towards the outlet of the first cavity (11), and the piston assembly (3) discharges the natural gas and hydrogen gas mixture with reduced pressure in the piston assembly (3) towards the outlet of the first cavity (11) and sucks the gas at the inlet of the second cavity (12);
s4, enabling the mixed gas after pressure reduction discharged from the first cavity (11) to enter a membrane separation device (5), outputting hydrogen to a hydrogen pipeline (72) from a permeate gas outlet (52), and outputting natural gas to an inlet of the second cavity (12) from a non-permeate gas outlet (53);
and S5, pressurizing the natural gas by the gas pressure transmission device (4), conveying the pressurized natural gas to the booster pump (6) from the outlet of the second cavity (12), performing secondary pressurization, and outputting the pressurized natural gas to the natural gas pipeline (73).
9. A hydrogen and natural gas separation method as defined in claim 8, wherein: between the steps S3 and S4, the following steps are added:
and S3.1, after the mixture of the natural gas and the hydrogen with reduced pressure is discharged from the gas pressure transmission device (4), heating the mixture in a first heat exchanger (81).
10. A hydrogen and natural gas separation method as claimed in claim 9, wherein: between the steps S4 and S5, the following steps are added:
and S4.1, after the natural gas with the increased pressure is discharged from the gas pressure transmission device (4), the natural gas enters a second heat exchanger (82) for cooling.
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