CN108661764B - Automobile engine tail gas waste heat recovery power generation system - Google Patents
Automobile engine tail gas waste heat recovery power generation system Download PDFInfo
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- CN108661764B CN108661764B CN201810221784.9A CN201810221784A CN108661764B CN 108661764 B CN108661764 B CN 108661764B CN 201810221784 A CN201810221784 A CN 201810221784A CN 108661764 B CN108661764 B CN 108661764B
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- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 155
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 155
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 148
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 56
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011232 storage material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052755 nonmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241000282414 Homo sapiens Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052987 metal hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000004681 metal hydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 2
- FYIRUPZTYPILDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,2,3,3-hexafluoropropane Chemical compound FC(F)C(F)C(F)(F)F FYIRUPZTYPILDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- INEMUVRCEAELBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoropropane Chemical compound CC(F)C(F)(F)F INEMUVRCEAELBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NSGXIBWMJZWTPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoropropane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)CC(F)(F)F NSGXIBWMJZWTPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010485 coping Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005431 greenhouse gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003209 petroleum derivative Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N5/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting by exhaust energy
- F01N5/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting by exhaust energy the devices using heat
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D15/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
- F01D15/10—Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, electric generators
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to an automobile engine exhaust waste heat recovery power generation system, which comprises an exhaust heat exchanger, an axial flow compressor and an axial flow expander, wherein the exhaust heat exchanger is connected with the axial flow compressor; an engine tail gas exhaust pipe is connected with a shell side of a tail gas heat exchanger and then is evacuated, a tube side inlet of the tail gas heat exchanger is connected with a flash tank, a tube side outlet of the tail gas heat exchanger is connected with an axial flow compressor, the axial flow compressor is connected with an inlet of a boosting bed through a high-pressure buffer tank, an outlet of the boosting bed is connected with a separation tank I, one path of the separation tank I is connected with an axial flow type expander, and the other path of the separation tank; the axial flow type expansion machine is connected with the inlet of the pressure rising machine through a low-pressure hydrogen buffer tank. The outlet of the pressure boosting bed is connected with a separation tank II, the separation tank II is connected with a low-pressure hydrogen buffer tank, and the separation tank II is connected with a tail gas heat exchanger. The liquid phase outlet of the flash tank is connected with the inlet of the boosting bed on the one way and connected with the tail gas heat exchanger on the other way. The invention combines the hydrogen fuel engine and the booster bed, fully utilizes the waste heat of the tail gas of the engine to generate electricity, provides power for the automobile and improves the heat efficiency of the engine.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of waste heat recovery, and relates to an energy-saving and environment-friendly automobile engine tail gas waste heat recovery power generation system.
Background
Since the industrial revolution, the rapid development of the economy of countries in the world, especially western countries, has come at the cost of a large consumption of energy resources and has caused an increasing deterioration of the ecological environment. The research shows that more than 90% of the causes of global average temperature rise in the past 50 years are related to the increase of greenhouse gases generated by human beings using fuels such as petroleum, and therefore, a series of ecological crises are caused. Energy resource conservation and ecological environment protection are widely recognized by people in the world. Further strengthening the energy conservation and emission reduction work, not only is the continuous deepening of the understanding of the development law of the human society, but also is the urgent need for actively coping with the global climate change. In recent years, the resource and environment problems of China are increasingly prominent, and the situation of energy conservation and emission reduction is very severe. The average reserves of petroleum and natural gas in China are only 11% and 4.5% of the average level in the world, the energy utilization efficiency in China is about 10% lower than the international advanced level, and the unit GDP energy consumption is about 3 times of the average level in the world. As China has entered the accelerated phase of industrialization and urbanization, the rapid growth of the re-industrialization can last for a long time, and the energy resource consumption and the pollution emission in the process are generally positively associated with the economic growth. Therefore, under the conditions of resource scarcity and limited environmental bearing capacity, the traditional growth modes of high investment, high consumption, high emission and low efficiency are reached to the end. The economic development mode is not accelerated, the resources are difficult to support, the environment is difficult to accommodate, the society is difficult to bear, and the scientific development is difficult to realize. Therefore, for our country, for our society, we must implement energy conservation and emission reduction for better survival.
Automobile energy conservation is a long-term strategic policy of economic and social development in China. The formation of expressway networks, rural roads, highway passenger and freight transportation volume and automobile holding volume in China are rapidly and continuously increased, so that the energy quantity required by automobile transportation in China is continuously increased, and the petroleum resources in China are far from meeting the requirements of China. The average level of automobile technology in China is lower than that of developed countries in the world, the fuel economy level of motor vehicles is 25% lower than that of Europe, 20% lower than that of Japan, 10% lower than that of the whole level of the United states, the hundred-ton kilometer fuel consumption of cargo vehicles is 7.6 liters, and is more than 1 time higher than that of foreign advanced level, and the improvement of the thermal conversion efficiency and the fuel economy of the vehicles is the research direction of energy conservation and emission reduction.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an automobile engine tail gas waste heat recovery power generation system, which fully utilizes the engine tail gas waste heat to generate power to provide power for an automobile, and improves the heat efficiency and fuel economy of an engine.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the automobile engine tail gas waste heat recovery power generation system comprises a tail gas heat exchanger, an axial flow compressor, a high-pressure buffer tank, a separation tank I, an axial flow expander, a power generator, a separation tank II, a hydrogen circulating pump, an organic working medium circulating pump, a flash tank, a low-pressure hydrogen buffer tank, a booster bed and a storage battery. The pressure rising bed is provided with at least three hydrogen reaction beds which work alternately, each hydrogen reaction bed is a tank body with a cavity structure, and each hydrogen reaction bed is provided with a first inlet, a first outlet, a second inlet and a second outlet. The export of knockout drum I is equipped with high pressure hydrogen filtration membrane, and the export of knockout drum II is equipped with low pressure hydrogen filtration membrane. The shell pass inlet of the tail gas heat exchanger 1 is connected with a tail gas exhaust pipe of an engine, the shell pass outlet of the tail gas heat exchanger is emptied, the tube pass inlet of the tail gas heat exchanger is connected with the outlet of the flash tank, and the tube pass outlet of the tail gas heat exchanger is connected with the inlet of the axial-flow compressor. The outlet of the axial-flow compressor is connected with the inlet of the high-pressure buffer tank, the outlet of the high-pressure buffer tank is connected to the first inlet of the hydrogen reaction bed in the pressure rising bed, the first outlet of the hydrogen reaction bed in the pressure rising bed is connected with the separation tank I, the separation tank I is provided with two paths of outlet pipes, one path of outlet pipe is connected to the inlet of the axial-flow expander through the high-pressure hydrogen filtering membrane, and the other path of outlet pipe is connected to the inlet of the flash tank. The outlet of the axial flow expander is connected with the inlet of the low-pressure hydrogen buffer tank, and the outlet of the low-pressure hydrogen buffer tank is connected to the second inlet of the hydrogen reaction bed in the boosting bed. And a second outlet of the hydrogen reaction bed in the pressure rising bed is connected to a separation tank II, the separation tank II is provided with two paths of outlet pipes, one path of outlet pipe is connected to an inlet of the low-pressure hydrogen buffer tank through a low-pressure hydrogen filtering membrane and a hydrogen circulating pump, and the other path of outlet pipe is connected to a tube pass inlet of the tail gas heat exchanger. The liquid phase outlet at the lower part of the flash tank is divided into two paths, one path is connected to a second inlet of a hydrogen reaction bed in the pressure rising bed through an organic working medium circulating pump, and the other path is connected to a tube side inlet of a tail gas heat exchanger. The axial flow compressor is connected with a storage battery through a circuit, the axial flow expander is connected with a generator, and the generator is connected with the storage battery or an external power system through a circuit.
The first inlet and the second inlet of the hydrogen reaction bed in the pressure rising bed are combined into a single inlet, and the first outlet and the second outlet are combined into a single outlet.
A booster bed is a hydrogen thermal compression device that absorbs hydrogen at low pressure at low temperature and releases hydrogen at high pressure at high temperature. The pressure boosting bed is divided into three hydrogen reaction beds or a plurality of hydrogen reaction beds according to the working parameters of the hydrogen reaction beds, such as hydrogen absorption temperature, hydrogen absorption pressure, hydrogen desorption temperature and hydrogen desorption pressure.
The types and the structures of the pressure rising beds and the types and the loading capacity of the metal hydrogen storage materials are the same or different, the types and the structures of the hydrogen reaction beds in the pressure rising beds and the types and the loading capacity of the metal hydrogen storage materials are the same or different, and the weight and the volume of the No. 1 hydrogen reaction bed, the No. 2 hydrogen reaction bed and the No. 3 hydrogen reaction bed in the pressure rising beds can be the same or different; the heat exchange medium can be hydrogen, inert gases or liquids and gases with stable properties.
The hydrogen reaction bed tank body of the pressure rising bed is made of metal or nonmetal materials and is provided with internal heat preservation or external heat preservation or internal and external heat preservation measures, and pipelines for connecting all devices and units can be provided with internal heat preservation or external heat preservation or internal and external heat preservation measures.
The invention fully utilizes the waste heat of the tail gas of the engine to generate power to provide power for the automobile, improves the heat efficiency and the fuel economy of the engine, reduces the emission of the automobile engine with unit power by half, and has the emission far exceeding the Europe six standard, energy conservation and environmental protection. Has great significance for the automobile manufacturing industry and users in China with the first automobile owner.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of an automobile engine exhaust waste heat recovery power generation system of the present invention.
Wherein: wherein: the system comprises a tail gas heat exchanger 1, an axial flow compressor 2, a high-pressure buffer tank 3, a separation tank I4, an axial flow expander 5, a power generator 6, a separation tank II 7, a hydrogen circulating pump 8, an organic working medium circulating pump 9, a flash tank 10, a low-pressure hydrogen buffer tank 11, a booster bed 12, a storage battery 13, a low-pressure hydrogen filtering membrane 14, a high-pressure hydrogen filtering membrane 15, a hydrogen reaction bed A-1, a hydrogen reaction bed B-2 and a hydrogen reaction bed C-3.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following examples and drawings. The scope of protection of the invention is not limited to the embodiments, and any modification made by those skilled in the art within the scope defined by the claims also falls within the scope of protection of the invention.
Example 1
The automobile engine tail gas waste heat recovery power generation system comprises a tail gas heat exchanger 1, an axial flow compressor 2, a high-pressure buffer tank 3, a separation tank I4, an axial flow expander 5, a power generator 6, a separation tank II 7, a hydrogen circulating pump 8, an organic working medium circulating pump 9, a flash tank 10, a low-pressure hydrogen buffer tank 11, a boosting bed 12, a storage battery 13, a low-pressure hydrogen filtering membrane 14 and a high-pressure hydrogen filtering membrane 15, wherein the axial flow compressor 2 is connected with the high-pressure buffer tank I4 through the high-. The pressure rising bed 12 is provided with at least three hydrogen reaction beds which work alternately, each hydrogen reaction bed is of a hollow cavity structure, and each hydrogen reaction bed is provided with a first inlet, a first outlet, a second inlet and a second outlet. The outlet of the separation tank I4 is provided with a high-pressure hydrogen filtering membrane 15, and the outlet of the separation tank II 7 is provided with a low-pressure hydrogen filtering membrane 14. The shell side inlet of the tail gas heat exchanger 1 is connected with a tail gas exhaust pipe of an engine, the shell side outlet of the tail gas heat exchanger is emptied, the tube side inlet of the tail gas heat exchanger is connected with the outlet of the flash tank 10, the tube side outlet of the tail gas heat exchanger is connected with the inlet of the axial flow compressor 2, the outlet of the axial flow compressor 2 is connected with the inlet of the high-pressure buffer tank 3, the outlet of the high-pressure buffer tank 3 is connected to the first inlet of the hydrogen reaction bed in the hydrogen discharge state in the booster bed 12, the first outlet of the hydrogen reaction bed in the hydrogen discharge state in the booster bed is connected with the separation tank I4, the separation tank I4 is provided with two-way outlet pipes, one way is connected to the inlet of the axial flow type expansion machine 5 through the. The outlet of the axial flow expander 5 is connected to the inlet of a low-pressure hydrogen buffer tank 11, and the outlet of the low-pressure hydrogen buffer tank 11 is connected to the second inlet to the hydrogen reaction bed in a hydrogen absorption state in the pressure-increasing bed 12. A second outlet of the hydrogen reaction bed in the hydrogen absorption state in the pressure rising bed 12 is connected to a separation tank II 7, the separation tank II 7 is provided with two paths of outlet pipes, one path of outlet pipe is connected to an inlet of the low-pressure hydrogen buffer tank through a low-pressure hydrogen filtering membrane 14 and a hydrogen circulating pump 8, and the other path of outlet pipe is connected to a tube side inlet of the tail gas heat exchanger. The liquid phase outlet at the lower part of the flash tank 10 is divided into two paths, one path is connected to the second inlet of the hydrogen reaction bed in the hydrogen absorption state in the pressure rising bed 12 through the organic working medium circulating pump 9, and the other path is connected to the tube pass inlet of the tail gas heat exchanger. The axial flow compressor circuit 2 is connected with a storage battery 13, the axial flow expander 5 is connected with a generator 6, and the generator 6 is connected with the storage battery 13 or an external power system circuit.
The operation process of the automobile engine tail gas waste heat recovery power generation system comprises the steps that gas-liquid mixed low-temperature organic working medium with the temperature of 50 ℃ enters a tail gas heat exchanger 1, the recovered tail gas waste heat is completely gasified and heated to 50 ℃, then enters an axial flow compressor 2, is pressurized to 3.5MPa through the axial flow compressor 2, is heated to 150 ℃ at the same time, and enters a high-pressure buffer tank 3. The high-temperature and high-pressure organic working medium from the high-pressure buffer tank enters the booster 12, the metal hydride is directly heated to release high-pressure hydrogen at 3.5MPa and 120 ℃, the organic working medium for heating at 3.5MPa and 150 ℃ is completely liquefied, and the released liquefied latent heat and part of sensible heat are changed into liquid at 3.5MPa and 120 ℃ to be mixed with the high-pressure hydrogen at 3.5MPa and 120 ℃ released by the metal hydride. The mixture of the high-pressure hydrogen with the pressure of 3.5MPa and the temperature of 120 ℃ coming out from the booster bed 12 and the liquid organic working medium enters a separation tank I for gas-liquid separation, the high-pressure hydrogen with the pressure of 3.5MPa and the temperature of 120 ℃ coming out after separation passes through a high-pressure hydrogen filtering membrane 15 and enters an axial flow type expansion machine 5 to push the axial flow type expansion machine to do work to drive a generator 6 to generate electricity, and the electricity is stored in a storage battery 13 to be used as the power of an automobile. The low-temperature and low-pressure hydrogen with the pressure of 0.11MPa and the temperature of-130 ℃ after the work of the axial flow type expander returns to the low-pressure hydrogen buffer tank 11, and the low-temperature and low-pressure hydrogen with the pressure of 0.11MPa and the temperature of-130 ℃ discharged from the low-pressure hydrogen buffer tank 11 enters a booster bed for hydrogen absorption and recycling. The liquid phase 3.5MPa, 120 ℃ high temperature high pressure organic working medium after the gas-liquid separation of the knockout drum I enters the flash drum 10 to be decompressed and flashed, the organic working medium after decompression and flashing has the pressure of 0.11MPa and the temperature of 60 ℃, about 20% of the liquid organic working medium is gasified, the gas phase organic working medium from the flash drum 10 directly enters the tail gas heat exchanger 1 to be recycled, half of the-60 ℃ liquid phase organic working medium from the flash drum 10 enters the pressure rising bed 12 through the organic working medium circulating pump 9 to be used for releasing hydrogen and absorbing heat, and the other half of the-60 ℃ liquid phase organic working medium from the flash drum 10 is mixed with the gas phase thereof to directly enter the tail gas heat exchanger 1 to. The liquid phase organic working medium at-60 ℃ from the organic working medium circulating pump 9 and the low-temperature low-pressure hydrogen at-130 ℃ and 0.11MPa from the low-pressure hydrogen buffer tank 11 are mixed and enter the pressure rising bed 12 to absorb hydrogen, and the hydrogen absorption is carried out at-40 ℃. The hydrogen absorption is a large-scale heat release process, which not only heats the low-temperature low-pressure raw material hydrogen at minus 130 ℃ to minus 40 ℃, but also heats the liquid-phase organic working medium at minus 60 ℃ to minus 40 ℃, and simultaneously gasifies the liquid-phase organic working medium into gas at minus 40 ℃. The-40 ℃ gas organic working medium and unabsorbed-40 ℃ hydrogen are mixed and then enter a separation tank II from a pressure boosting bed 12, the-40 ℃ hydrogen which is discharged from the separation tank II after passing through a low-pressure hydrogen filtering membrane 14 is pumped back to the pressure boosting bed through a hydrogen circulating pump to continuously absorb hydrogen, and the-40 ℃ gas organic working medium which is discharged from the separation tank II enters a tail gas heat exchanger 1 to be recycled.
For convenience of explaining the principle, the hydrogen reaction bed is provided with a first inlet, a second inlet, a first outlet and a second outlet which are respectively independent; in practice, the first inlet and the second inlet may be combined into a single inlet, and the first outlet and the second outlet may be combined into a single outlet.
A booster bed is a hydrogen thermal compression device that absorbs hydrogen at low pressure at low temperature and releases hydrogen at high pressure at high temperature. The pressure boosting bed is divided into three hydrogen reaction beds or a plurality of hydrogen reaction beds according to the working parameters of the hydrogen reaction beds, such as hydrogen absorption temperature, hydrogen absorption pressure, hydrogen desorption temperature and hydrogen desorption pressure.
The types and the structures of the pressure rising beds and the types and the loading capacity of the metal hydrogen storage materials are the same or different, the types and the structures of the hydrogen reaction beds in the pressure rising beds and the types and the loading capacity of the metal hydrogen storage materials are the same or different, and the weight and the volume of the No. 1 hydrogen reaction bed A, the No. 2 hydrogen reaction bed B and the No. 3 hydrogen reaction bed C in the pressure rising beds can be the same or different; the heat exchange medium can be hydrogen, inert gases or liquids and gases with stable properties.
The hydrogen reaction bed tank body of the pressure rising bed is made of metal or nonmetal materials and is provided with internal heat preservation or external heat preservation or internal and external heat preservation measures, and pipelines for connecting all devices and units can be provided with internal heat preservation or external heat preservation or internal and external heat preservation measures.
The process parameters of the embodiment are as follows: the total energy of the fuel of the automobile engine is 212.5KW, the thermal conversion efficiency of the engine is 40%, the power of the engine is 85KW, the temperature of the waste heat of the tail gas is 127.5 KW, the temperature is 500 ℃, and the temperature of the tail gas after utilization is 20 ℃ and the waste heat is completely recovered. The tail gas waste heat recovery adopts an organic working medium, the working temperature of heat exchange between the organic working medium and the tail gas is-50 ℃ (liquid state + gaseous state) -50 ℃ (gaseous state), and the organic working medium mainly carries heat by latent heat of gasification and partial sensible heat. The organic working medium at the inlet of the axial flow compressor 2 is 0.11MPa and 50 ℃ (gaseous state), the organic working medium at the outlet of the axial flow compressor 2 is 3.5MPa and 150 ℃ (gaseous state), the power of the axial flow compressor is 40KW, and the structural form is a high-temperature-resistant multistage axial flow type. Organic working medium with 3.5MPa and 150 deg.C (gas state) enters the booster bed 12, and after releasing heat, it is condensed into 3.5MPa and 120 deg.C (liquid state). The pressure rising bed has a hydrogen absorption temperature of-40 ℃, a hydrogen absorption pressure of 0.11MPa, a hydrogen desorption temperature of 120 ℃ and a hydrogen desorption pressure of 3.5 MPa. The axial-flow type expander has the inlet high-temperature high-pressure hydrogen of 3.5MPa and 120 ℃, the outlet low-temperature low-pressure hydrogen of 0.11MPa and minus 130 ℃, the rotating speed of the axial-flow type expander is 3.5 ten thousand rpm, four stages are connected in series on one expansion shaft, the shaft output of the axial-flow type expander is connected to a generator 6 through a speed reducer with the speed reduction ratio of 12, the rotating speed of the generator is 3000 rpm, and the power of the axial-flow type expander and the power of the generator are both 125KW matched. The organic working medium is a mixture of 27.5 percent of R236ea hexafluoropropane and 72.5 percent of R1234yf tetrafluoropropane, is gaseous at normal temperature and normal pressure, and has a boiling point of-60 ℃ at normal pressure and a boiling point of 120 ℃ at 3.5 MPa.
The device can be used for power generation and power output.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides an automobile engine tail gas waste heat recovery power generation system which characterized by: the system comprises a tail gas heat exchanger (1), an axial flow compressor (2), a high-pressure buffer tank (3), a separation tank I (4), an axial flow expander (5), a generator (6), a separation tank II (7), a hydrogen circulating pump (8), an organic working medium circulating pump (9), a flash tank (10), a low-pressure hydrogen buffer tank (11), a pressure boosting bed (12) and a storage battery (13); the pressure rising bed (12) is provided with at least three hydrogen reaction beds which work alternately, each hydrogen reaction bed is a tank body with a cavity structure, and each hydrogen reaction bed is provided with a first inlet, a first outlet, a second inlet and a second outlet; the outlet of the separation tank I (4) is provided with a high-pressure hydrogen filtering membrane (15), and the outlet of the separation tank II (7) is provided with a low-pressure hydrogen filtering membrane (14); a shell pass inlet of the tail gas heat exchanger (1) is connected with a tail gas exhaust pipe of an engine, a shell pass outlet of the tail gas heat exchanger is evacuated, a tube pass inlet of the tail gas heat exchanger is connected with an outlet of the flash tank (10), and a tube pass outlet of the tail gas heat exchanger is connected with an inlet of the axial-flow compressor (2); an outlet of the axial flow compressor (2) is connected with an inlet of a high-pressure buffer tank (3), an outlet of the high-pressure buffer tank (3) is connected to a first inlet of a hydrogen reaction bed in a pressure rising bed (12), a first outlet of the hydrogen reaction bed in the pressure rising bed is connected with a separation tank I (4), the separation tank I (4) is provided with two paths of outlet pipes, one path of outlet pipes is connected to an inlet of the axial flow expander (5) through a high-pressure hydrogen filtering membrane (15), and the other path of outlet pipes is connected to an inlet of a flash tank (10); an outlet of the axial flow type expansion machine (5) is connected with an inlet of a low-pressure hydrogen buffer tank (11), an outlet of the low-pressure hydrogen buffer tank (11) is connected to a second inlet of a hydrogen reaction bed in a booster bed (12), a second outlet of the hydrogen reaction bed in the booster bed (12) is connected to a separation tank II (7), the separation tank II (7) is provided with two paths of outlet pipes, one path of outlet pipes is connected to the inlet of the low-pressure hydrogen buffer tank through a low-pressure hydrogen filtering membrane (14) and a hydrogen circulating pump (8), and the other path of outlet pipes is connected to a pipe pass inlet of a tail gas heat exchanger; the liquid phase outlet of the flash tank (10) is divided into two paths, one path is connected to a second inlet of a hydrogen reaction bed in the pressure rising bed (12) through an organic working medium circulating pump (9), and the other path is connected to a tube pass inlet of a tail gas heat exchanger; the axial flow compressor (2) is connected with a storage battery (13) through a circuit, the axial flow expander (5) is connected with a generator (6), and the generator (6) is connected with the storage battery (13) or an external power system through a circuit; the organic working medium in the automobile engine exhaust waste heat recovery power generation system is a gas-liquid mixed organic working medium.
2. The automobile engine exhaust waste heat recovery power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the first inlet and the second inlet of the hydrogen reaction bed in the booster bed (12) are combined into a single inlet, and the first outlet and the second outlet are combined into a single outlet.
3. The automobile engine exhaust waste heat recovery power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the booster bed (12) is a hydrogen heat compression device which absorbs low-pressure hydrogen at a low temperature and discharges high-pressure hydrogen at a high temperature; according to the working parameters of the hydrogen reaction bed, the pressure boosting bed is divided into three hydrogen reaction beds or a plurality of hydrogen reaction beds; the working parameters comprise hydrogen absorption temperature, hydrogen absorption pressure, hydrogen desorption temperature and hydrogen desorption pressure.
4. The automobile engine exhaust waste heat recovery power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the types and the structures of the pressure rising beds (12) and the types and the loading amounts of the metal hydrogen storage materials are the same or different, the types and the structures of the hydrogen reaction beds in the pressure rising beds and the types and the loading amounts of the metal hydrogen storage materials are the same or different, and the weights and the volumes of the hydrogen reaction bed No. 1 (A), the hydrogen reaction bed No. 2 (B) and the hydrogen reaction bed No. 3 (C) in the pressure rising beds are the same or different; the heat exchange medium is hydrogen, inert gas or liquid with stable property.
5. The automobile engine exhaust waste heat recovery power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the hydrogen reaction bed tank body of the pressure rising bed (12) is made of metal or nonmetal materials and is provided with internal heat preservation or external heat preservation or internal and external heat preservation measures, and pipelines for connecting all devices and units are provided with internal heat preservation or external heat preservation or internal and external heat preservation measures.
Priority Applications (1)
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