CN109505666A - A kind of jet expansion compound compression air energy storage systems - Google Patents
A kind of jet expansion compound compression air energy storage systems Download PDFInfo
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- CN109505666A CN109505666A CN201811475523.6A CN201811475523A CN109505666A CN 109505666 A CN109505666 A CN 109505666A CN 201811475523 A CN201811475523 A CN 201811475523A CN 109505666 A CN109505666 A CN 109505666A
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- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 97
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
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- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 85
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D15/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D15/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
- F01D15/08—Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, pumps
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D17/00—Regulating or controlling by varying flow
- F01D17/10—Final actuators
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Jet Pumps And Other Pumps (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of jet expansion compound compression air energy storage systems, energy subsystem is released including energy storage subsystem and jet expansion combined type: in energy storage subsystem, low-pressure compressor group, accumulation of heat/heat exchanger, low pressure caisson, high-pressure compressor group, high-pressure gas device sequence lead to, and driving unit drives low-pressure compressor group and high-pressure compressor group simultaneously；It includes decompression bleed unit and acting unit that jet expansion combined type, which releases energy subsystem, high-pressure gas device, low pressure caisson, injection decompression air entraining device, accumulation of heat/heat exchanger, high pressure expansion machine group, inflated with low pressure unit are sequentially connected, high pressure, the common driven generator of inflated with low pressure unit.The present invention has many advantages, such as that energy density is high, compression process energy consumption is low, capacity usage ratio is high, system effectiveness is high, limit by energy storage period and geographical conditions, suitable for various power stations (the renewable energy power station such as including wind energy), do not generate greenhouse gases, can be recycled low temperature (calorific value) waste heat.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to energy storage technologies fields, are related to a kind of compressed-air energy-storage system, and especially a kind of injection is swollen
Swollen compound compression air energy storage systems.
Background technique
Critical issue in power science first is that developing efficient stable and economically viable extensive power energy storage technology.
The economy and stability of conventional electric power system can be improved in extensive electric energy storing system, plays in conventional electric power system
The effect of " peak load shifting " and balancing power network load；The electricity generation situation that renewable energy system can directly be improved, by energy product
It is continuous that matter is low, intermittent and instable renewable energy (especially solar energy and wind energy) is converted to high-quality form of energy
Release power generation；The runnability that distributed energy resource system can directly be improved solves it due to the smaller and existing anti-impact of scale
The problems such as hitting ability difference and high system failure rate.
Currently, the energy storage technology developed mainly includes water-storage, heat accumulation energy storage, compressed-air energy storage, battery
Energy storage, superconduction magnetic energy, flywheel energy storage and capacitive energy storage etc., due to stored energy capacitance, energy storage period, energy storage density, lifetime of system, warp
The reasons such as Ji property and environment friendly, only water-storage, heat accumulation energy storage and the compression for being suitable for the operation of large scale business system are empty
Gas energy storage.
Water is sent to elevated reservoir from low level reservoir by water pump in low power consumption by power station of drawing water energy-storage system, thus by electric
The potential energy that water can be converted into stores, and working method is similar with conventional hydropower station, have technology maturation, it is high-efficient (~
70%) the advantages that, capacity is big, the energy storage period is unrestricted, is now widely used electric energy storing system.But draw water electricity
Energy-storage system of standing needs special geographical conditions to build two reservoirs and dam, and the construction period is very long (generally about 7~15 years), just
Phase investment is huge.More intractable thing builds large reservoir meeting large area and floods vegetation even city, ecology and immigrant is caused to ask
Topic, therefore build power station of drawing water energy-storage system and receive increasing limitation.
Conventional compression air energy storage systems are a kind of energy-storage systems based on gas turbine technology exploitation, in low power consumption,
Air is compressed and is stored in air storage chamber, so that electric energy is converted into the interior of air can store；In peak of power consumption, pressure-air from
Air storage chamber release, into gas-turbine combustion chamber with one combust of fuel, then drives turbine power generation.Compressed-air energy-storage system
Have many advantages, such as that stored energy capacitance is larger, the energy storage period is long, high-efficient (50~70%) and specific investment cost are relatively small.But it passes
Compressed-air energy-storage system of uniting is not an independent technology, it must be matched with turbine power plant, cannot be suitble to it
His type, such as coal fired power plant, nuclear power station, wind energy and solar energy power station, are especially unsuitable for China based on coal fired power generation, do not mention
Advocate the energy strategy of gas fuel power generation.Moreover, compressed-air energy-storage system still rely on combustion of fossil fuels provide heat source, one
Aspect faces the threat that fossil fuel is petered out with rise in price, and on the other hand its burning still generates nitride, sulfide
With the pollutants such as carbon dioxide, green (zero-emission), the requirement of reproducible energy development are not met.In recent years, traditional to solve
The main problem that compressed-air energy-storage system faces, for example advanced adiabatic compression air energy storage technology of various novel air energy storage technologies
Deng the emphasis for becoming domestic and foreign scholars' recent years research, still, due to not using fossil fuel heat sources, what system effectiveness reduced
Meanwhile the energy density of compressed-air energy-storage system also can be lower, can more highlight the dependence to large-scale air storage chamber, especially when
When system is using the storage such as ground caisson such as pressure pan, pressure piping, caisson will necessarily be increased by increasing gas-storing capacity
Space occupied, this just becomes the new bottleneck for limiting type system popularization.Then, increasing substantially gas storage pressure becomes increase system
The important channel for the gas storage density and energy storage total amount of uniting, however new problem is also following, due to expanding machine admission pressure by
The factors such as design, the processing of turbine plant are affected, will not be very high, and usual compressed air gas source needs to reach by expenditure and pressure
To the inlet pressure of expanding machine, if the pressure difference between gas storage pressure and expanding machine admission pressure is excessive, restriction loss also can be very big,
The overall performance of compressed-air energy-storage system can be produced bigger effect, further deteriorate system effectiveness.It must find reasonable
Solution also contributes to the energy storage density and operational efficiency of system, ability while getting rid of to gas turbine dependence
So that air energy storage systems is obtained more extensive and effectively utilizes.
Summary of the invention
For the disadvantages mentioned above and deficiency of the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of jet expansion compound compressions
Air energy storage systems, including energy storage subsystem and jet expansion combined type release energy subsystem, convert electrical energy into energy storage low
Pressure compressed air and high pressure air store respectively, high speed bleed effect when being expanded when releasing energy using high pressure air
The energy grade of low-pressure compressed air is promoted, forms uniformly mixed middle pressure compressed air to drive expanding machine externally to do work.
Compared to existing compressed-air energy-storage system etc., jet expansion compound compression air energy storage systems of the invention have energy storage close
Degree is big, compression process energy consumption is low, capacity usage ratio is high, system stored energy/release can it is high-efficient, do not limited by energy storage period and geographical conditions
System, be suitable for various power stations (the renewable energy power station such as including wind energy), do not generate greenhouse gases, can be recycled low temperature (calorific value)
The advantages that waste heat.
In order to achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the invention is as follows:
A kind of jet expansion compound compression air energy storage systems, the system comprises compressed-air energy storage subsystem and sprays
It penetrates expansion combined type and releases energy subsystem, low-pressure compressed air and high pressure air are converted electrical energy into energy storage and is deposited respectively
Storage, high speed bleed effect when being expanded when releasing energy using high pressure air are promoted the energy grade of low-pressure compressed air,
Uniformly mixed middle pressure compressed air is formed to drive expanding machine externally to do work, which is characterized in that
-- the compressed-air energy storage subsystem, including low pressure gas unit, accumulation of heat/heat exchanger, low pressure caisson, high pressure
It calms the anger unit, high-pressure gas device, wherein
The air inlet of the low-pressure compressor group is communicated with the atmosphere, exhaust outlet by pipeline through the accumulation of heat/heat exchanger with
The air inlet of the low pressure caisson is connected to,
The first row port of the low pressure caisson is by pipeline successively through the high-pressure compressor group, accumulation of heat/heat exchange
Device is connected to the air inlet of the high-pressure gas device；
-- the jet expansion combined type releases energy subsystem, including decompression bleed unit and acting unit, wherein
The decompression bleed unit, including injection decompression air entraining device, the injection decompression air entraining device includes main road height
It is pressed into port, bypass low pressure bleed ports and middle pressure port, the row of the main road high pressure admission mouth and the high-pressure gas device
Port is connected to by pipeline, and the second exhaust port of the bypass low pressure bleed ports and the low pressure caisson is connected by pipeline
It is logical, and the exhaust line of the high-pressure gas device is equipped with control valve I, the second exhaust pipeline of the low pressure caisson
It is equipped with control valve II；
The acting unit, including high pressure expansion machine group and inflated with low pressure unit, the injection are depressurized in air entraining device
Pressure port is connected to through the accumulation of heat/heat exchanger with the air inlet of the high pressure expansion machine group by pipeline, the high compression swelling
The exhaust outlet of unit is connected to through the accumulation of heat/heat exchanger with the air inlet of the inflated with low pressure unit by pipeline.
Preferably, the injection decompression air entraining device is injector group or injector group and the one or more group of throttle valve
It closes, wherein injector group includes an at least injector；The injector is sequentially arranged an absorption along the axis direction of its main body
Room, a mixing chamber and a diffusion room；A Laval jet pipe is arranged in the tail portion of the absorption chamber, and an air entraining pipe, institute is arranged in side
The import for stating Laval jet pipe constitutes the main road air inlet of the injector, and the import of the air entraining pipe constitutes the injector
Bypass bleed ports, the outlet of the diffusion room is formed as the exhaust outlet of the injector.
Preferably, the injection decompression air entraining device includes an injector group, and the injector group includes at least one injection
Device, the injector are sequentially arranged an absorption chamber, a mixing chamber and a diffusion room, the absorption chamber along the axis direction of its main body
Main road air inlet front end one Laval jet pipe is set, an air entraining pipe is arranged in side, the import of the Laval jet pipe is constituted
The main road high pressure admission mouth of the injector, the import of the air entraining pipe constitute the bypass low pressure bleed ports of the injector, institute
The outlet for stating diffusion room is formed as the middle pressure port of the injector.
Preferably, the injector group includes two or more the injectors being serially connected, the main road high pressure of injectors at different levels
Air inlet is connected by pipeline, and wherein the bypass low pressure bleed ports of first order injector are low as the bypass of the injector group
It is pressed into port, middle pressure port of the middle pressure port of afterbody injector as the injector group, upper level injector
The bypass low pressure bleed ports of middle pressure port and next stage injector interlinked by pipeline.
Preferably, the injector group includes two or more injectors parallel with one another, the main road high pressure of injectors at different levels
Air inlet is interlinked by pipeline, and the bypass low pressure bleed ports of injectors at different levels are interlinked by pipeline, in injectors at different levels
Pressure port is interlinked by pipeline.
Preferably, the injection decompression air entraining device further includes throttle valve, the outlet of the throttle valve and the injector
The main road high pressure admission mouth connection of group or the middle pressure port of the injector group are connected to the entrance of the throttle valve.
Preferably, the injector is fixed injector or the adjustable adjustable spraying apparatus of nozzle throat sectional area；
When the injector is adjustable spraying apparatus, the Laval nozzle throat sectional area is driven by stepper motor and adjusts coning
Row is adjusted.
Preferably, the low-pressure compressor group, high-pressure compressor group are driven by driving unit, and the driving unit is
Driving motor or wind energy conversion system；It is with power station trough-electricity, wind-powered electricity generation, solar power generation, core when the driving unit is driving motor
Electricity, water power or tidal power generation are one such or a variety of as power supply.
Preferably, the accumulation of heat/heat exchanger is additionally provided with pipeline, which interlinks with external heat source.
Preferably, it further includes the second accumulation of heat/heat exchanger that the jet expansion combined type, which releases energy subsystem, and described second stores
Heat/heat exchanger is arranged on the main road high pressure admission pipeline of the injection decompression air entraining device and/or setting is stored up in the high pressure
In device of air, pressure-air after the accumulation of heat/heat exchanger heating by second accumulation of heat/heat exchanger after into the spray
Penetrate decompression air entraining device.
Preferably, second accumulation of heat/heat exchanger is waste heat/waste heat exchanger, by pipeline and solar thermal collector or
Industrial exhaust heat/waste heat fluid interlinks.
Preferably, the low-pressure compressor group, high-pressure compressor group, overall pressure tatio is between 10~1000.
Preferably, the low-pressure compressor group, high-pressure compressor group are multistage compressor, and multistage compressor is coaxial string
Connection form or split axle parallel form；In the split axle parallel form, each split axle is connected with main drive shaft；Compressors at different levels
Accumulation of heat/heat exchanger is passed through in exhaust.
Preferably, the inflated with low pressure unit, high pressure expansion machine group, overall expansion ratio is between 10~400, final stage expanding machine
It is vented close to normal pressure.
Preferably, when the inflated with low pressure unit, high pressure expansion machine group are multiple expansion engine, multiple expansion engine is coaxial
Cascade or split axle parallel form；In the split axle parallel form, each split axle and the dynamic connection of main drive shaft；Expanding machines at different levels
Air inlet first pass through accumulation of heat/heat exchanger heat temperature raising.
Preferably, the multistage compressor, multiple expansion engine are distributed in a drive shaft or more drive shafts.
Preferably, the gas storage pressure of the high-pressure gas device group is the pressure at expulsion of high-pressure compressor group；The low pressure
The gas storage pressure of caisson group requires 0.7 times that is lower than high-pressure gas device group gas storage pressure, and is lower than high pressure expansion machine group
Admission pressure.
Preferably, jet expansion compound compression air energy storage systems further include air cleaning and purifying, are removed in air
Solids and foreign gas；Air cleaning and purifier apparatus can be integrated in calm the anger unit and accumulation of heat/heat exchanger.
Preferably, the unit of calming the anger, expansion unit, are piston type, axial-flow type, radial inflow, screw or hybrid-type
One or more combinations.
Preferably, the accumulation of heat/heat exchanger and the second accumulation of heat/heat exchanger, accumulation of heat form are that explicit, latent heat or chemistry are anti-
One or more of heat is answered, heat transfer form is that pressure-air directly contacts heat-storing material or by heat exchange surface and accumulation of heat
Material heat exchange；Its heat storage medium used be water, paraffin, bio-oil, inorganic crystalline hydrate salt, fuse salt, metal and its
Alloy, organic fatty acid, stone, rock or concrete, heat storage medium are stored in thermally insulated container.
Preferably, the low-pressure compressor group includes an at least low-pressure compressor, and more low-pressure compressors are serially connected
Or it is integrated into whole multistage compressor, each primary compressor inlet connects air-source.
Preferably, the high-pressure compressor group also includes an at least high-pressure compressor, and more high-pressure compressors are mutually gone here and there
Join or be integrated into whole multistage compressor, the gas vent of each final stage compressor accesses accumulation of heat/heat exchanger.Preferably, high
Compression swelling unit includes an at least high pressure expansion machine, and more expanding machines are serially connected or are integrated into whole multiple expansion engine, often
The gas vent of one final stage expanding machine accesses accumulation of heat/heat exchanger.Preferably, inflated with low pressure unit includes an at least low pressure
Expanding machine, more expanding machines are serially connected or are integrated into whole multiple expansion engine, and the gas vent of each final stage expanding machine is logical
Atmosphere.
Preferably, the transmission shaft of the driving unit and unit of calming the anger is affixed, and the transmission shaft of generator and expansion unit is solid
It connects.
Jet expansion compound compression air energy storage systems of the invention, workflow are as follows:
When energy storage, low-pressure compressor group and high-pressure compressor group are driven simultaneously using driving unit, air enters low pressure pressure
Mechanism of qi group carries out compression pressurization, and the heat of compression is recovered and is stored in accumulation of heat/heat exchanger；Compressed air enters low pressure caisson
After storage a part, remaining compressed air goes successively to high-pressure compressor group after buffering and is compressed to high pressure conditions and enters storage
Heat/heat exchanger, the heat of compression are recovered simultaneously and are stored in accumulation of heat/heat exchanger；Normal temperature high voltage air after cooling fully enters
High-pressure gas device is stored.
When releasing energy, the normal temperature high voltage air stored in high-pressure gas device enters injection decompression air entraining device by pipeline
Main road air inlet, and by the bypass air inlet volume of injection air entraining device inhale the low pressure in low pressure caisson group compress it is empty
Gas forms uniformly mixed low speed middle pressure compressed air, absorbs heat using accumulation of heat/heat exchanger, adds middle pressure compressed air
Heat heating drives electrical power generators subsequently into expansion unit expansion work.
Preferably, the accumulation of heat/heat exchanger, when energy storage store the one or more of following thermal energy through pipeline: compressor produces
The raw heat of compression；Industrial exhaust heat or waste heat；Solar thermal energy.When releasing energy, the compressed air before heating expanding machines at different levels.
Preferably, the high-pressure gas device includes at least one high-pressure gas unit, and the low pressure caisson includes
At least one low pressure gas storage unit, when high pressure or low pressure caisson include more than two gas storage units, between gas storage unit
In series or in parallel with each other is whole multiple-unit caisson, and the admission line setting of each gas storage unit ends check valve, exhaust
Shut-off valve is arranged in pipeline.
Preferably, the high-pressure gas unit and low pressure gas storage unit are air accumulator, gas storage pipeline or underwater caisson.
Preferably, the high-pressure gas unit and low pressure gas storage unit are one or more groups of constant volume type or constant-pressure type
It closes.
In another two preferred embodiment, it can further include the second accumulation of heat/change in subsystem that the jet expansion combined type, which is released,
Hot device enters back into the spray after the pressure-air in high-pressure gas device first passes through second accumulation of heat/heat exchanger heat temperature raising
The main road air inlet of decompression air entraining device is penetrated, second accumulation of heat/heat exchanger is waste heat/waste heat exchanger, by pipeline and too
Positive energy heat collector or industrial exhaust heat/waste heat fluid interlink, and pressure-air are directly heated by waste heat/waste heat exchanger, to mention
Height depressurizes the temperature of pressure-air before air entraining device into injection.
Preferably, the jet expansion compound compression air energy storage systems, compressor by adjust compressor load,
Start-stop part compressor adjusts pressure ratio to control the air inflow of the low-pressure compressor.
Preferably, the jet expansion compound compression air energy storage systems adjust injection decompression by control valve I
The air inflow of air entraining device main road and by control valve II adjust injection decompression air entraining device bypass air inflow to realize
The control for stating high pressure expansion machine group air inflow, when multiple injectors in injection decompression air entraining device are parallel with one another, Ke Yitong
Switch sections injector is crossed to realize the control of air inflow.
Compared with the existing technology, jet expansion compound compression air energy storage systems of the invention, significant technology are excellent
Point is: energy density is high, compression process energy consumption is low, system effectiveness is high, can recycle high pressure air expenditure and pressure process
InEnergy, it is recyclable in low temperature (calorific value) waste heat, power generating stage not wasted work power consumption, be suitable for various power stations (including the sun
The renewable energy such as energy, wind energy power station), do not generate the advantages that greenhouse gases.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is 1 schematic diagram of jet expansion compound compression air energy storage systems embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 2 is 2 schematic diagram of jet expansion compound compression air energy storage systems embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 3 is 3 schematic diagram of jet expansion compound compression air energy storage systems embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 4 is 4 schematic diagram of jet expansion compound compression air energy storage systems embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 5 is 5 schematic diagram of jet expansion compound compression air energy storage systems embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of in-line educator group in the present invention；
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram of parallel connection injector group in the present invention；
Fig. 8 is the schematic diagram of adjustable structure injector in the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Jet expansion compound compression air energy storage systems of the invention, using power station low ebb (low price) electric energy by air pressure
It is reduced to two states (while storing the heat of compression), one of state is high pressure (super-pressure) state, another state is pressure
The relatively low state of power, is respectively stored in high-pressure gas device and low pressure caisson；In peak of power consumption, high pressure (super-pressure)
Compressed air is decompressed to the inlet pressure of expanding machine requirement through overspray decompression air entraining device, while in injection low pressure caisson
(low pressure) compressed air and be pressurized to the inlet pressure of expanding machine requirement, high pressure (super-pressure) compressed air and injection are low
Pressure compressed air forms mixed uniformly middle pressure compressed air after overspray depressurizes air entraining device, further absorbs the pressure of storage
By expansion machine driving generator power generation after contracting heat, industrial some waste heat waste heat can be recycled to mention in the process
High system effectiveness.Jet expansion compound compression air energy storage systems proposed by the present invention have following potential advantage:
Energy storage efficiency is high: 1, during energy storage is compressed, it is only necessary to be pressed by low-pressure stage compressor for partial air
It is reduced to low-pressure compressed air, thus the energy consumption of energy storage compression link substantially reduces；2, injection decompression air entraining device is used to replace
Traditional throttle valve can effectively recycle the loss in high pressure (super-pressure) air throttle decompression processIt is swollen to improve expanding machine
The gas source total amount of swollen acting；3, necessary heat accumulation equipment is used, the heat of compression during compressed air has not only effectively been recycled,
Acceptable and power plant and other industrial departments combine, and various recoverable heats energy and industrial exhaust heat waste heat are effectively recycled, such as cement row
Industry, iron and steel metallurgical industry, chemical industry etc..
Energy density is high: replacing conventional throttle valve that can effectively recycle high pressure due to using injection decompression air entraining device
Loss in (super-pressure) air throttle decompression processSystem can increase substantially its gas storage pressure, and not have to worry
Big chock pressure difference can bring the problem of ineffective systems, when the gas storage pressure of compressed air increases to 100MPa, density
Up to 522 times of atmospheric air.
It is at low cost: to be stored since air is partially compressed in low pressure state, the cost of required container is big compared to high pressure storage vessel
Width reduces.
The energy storage period is unrestricted: regular industrial high pressure (super-pressure) air reservoir can extensive long-term preservation pressure at present
Contracting air is applicable in various types power station: since the energy-storage system only exchanges electric energy with electric power station system, not being related to power station inside stream
Journey, therefore various types of power stations can be suitble to.
Environmentally friendly: the energy-storage system is not related to the burning of fossil fuel, does not discharge any harmful substance, so as to improve
Air quality.
To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, right hereinafter, referring to the drawings and the embodiments,
The present invention is further described.
Embodiment 1
Fig. 1 is jet expansion compound compression air energy storage systems embodiment 1 of the invention, wherein inlet air A is low
It calms the anger unit 1, accumulation of heat/heat exchanger 2, low pressure caisson 3, high-pressure compressor group 4, high-pressure gas device 5, injection decompression draws
Device of air 6, high pressure expansion machine group 7, inflated with low pressure unit 8, generator 9, driving unit 10, valve 17,25, pipeline 11,12,
13,14,15,16,18,19,20,21,22,23,24.
The jet expansion compound compression air energy storage systems of embodiment 1, including compressed-air energy storage subsystem and injection
Expansion combined type releases energy subsystem, and low-pressure compressed air and high pressure air are converted electrical energy into energy storage and is stored respectively,
High speed bleed effect when being expanded when releasing energy using high pressure air is promoted the energy grade of low-pressure compressed air, is formed
Uniformly mixed middle pressure compressed air is to drive expanding machine externally to do work.
In compressed-air energy storage subsystem, driving unit 10 and low-pressure compressor group 1, the shared biography of high-pressure compressor group 4
Moving axis is affixed, and generator 9 and the shared transmission shaft of high pressure expansion machine group 7, inflated with low pressure unit 8 are affixed.Low-pressure compressor group 1 enters
Mouth meets air A.1 air exit of low-pressure compressor group, accumulation of heat/heat exchanger 2, low pressure caisson 3 air inlet through pipeline 11,
12 sequences interlink.First row port, high-pressure compressor group 4, accumulation of heat/heat exchanger 2, the high-pressure gas dress of low pressure caisson 3
5 air inlet is set to interlink through 13,14,15 sequence of pipeline.
Jet expansion combined type is released in energy subsystem, and injection decompression air entraining device 6 is low including main road high pressure admission mouth, bypass
Pressure bleed ports and middle pressure port, main road high pressure admission mouth interlink through pipeline 16,18 and the exhaust outlet of high-pressure gas device 5,
Bypass low pressure bleed ports interlink through pipeline 24 and the second exhaust port of low pressure caisson 3.The master of injection decompression air entraining device 6
Pipeline between 5 exhaust outlet of road high pressure admission mouth and high-pressure gas device is equipped with control valve 17.Injection decompression air entraining device
Pipeline between 6 bypass bleed ports and the second exhaust port of low pressure caisson 3 is equipped with control valve 25.Injection decompression is drawn
The middle pressure port of device of air 6, accumulation of heat/heat exchanger 2, high pressure expansion machine group 7 air inlet interlink through pipeline 19,20 sequences.
The exhaust outlet of high pressure expansion machine group 7, accumulation of heat/heat exchanger 2, inflated with low pressure unit 8 air inlet communicated through pipeline 21,22 sequences
Even.The outlet gas line 23 of inflated with low pressure unit 8 leads to atmosphere.
When energy storage, low ebb (low price) electric drive motor 10 drives low-pressure compressor group 1 and high-pressure compressor group 4 simultaneously, only
Air A after change enters low-pressure compressor group 1 and carries out compression pressurization, and the heat of compression is recovered and is stored in accumulation of heat/heat exchanger 2；
After compressed air stores a part into low pressure caisson 3 by pipeline 12, remaining compressed air is after buffering through pipeline
13, which go successively to high-pressure compressor group 4, is compressed to high pressure conditions and is cooled down into accumulation of heat/heat exchanger 2, the heat of compression while quilt
It recycles and is stored in accumulation of heat/heat exchanger 2；Normal temperature high voltage air after cooling, which enters high-pressure gas device 5 through pipeline 15, to carry out
Storage.
Release can when, open valve 17 and 25, the normal temperature high voltage air stored in high-pressure gas device 5, through pipeline 16,18 into
Enter the main road air inlet of injection decompression air entraining device 6, and is drawn by the bypass air inlet and pipeline 24 of injection decompression air entraining device 6
The compressed air in low pressure caisson 3 is penetrated, uniformly mixed middle pressure compressed air is formed.Middle pressure compressed air through pipeline 19 into
Enter accumulation of heat/heat exchanger 2 and absorb heat, make middle pressure compressed air heat temperature raising, height is then sequentially entered by pipeline 20,21,22
8 expansion work of compression swelling unit 7 and inflated with low pressure unit, wherein the outlet compressed air of high pressure expansion machine group 7 is through pipeline 21
Enter inflated with low pressure unit 8 into after 2 heat temperature raising of accumulation of heat/heat exchanger, then through pipeline 22, the gas of inflated with low pressure unit 8 goes out
Mouth pipeline 23 is communicated with the atmosphere.
Under normal circumstances, energy storage with exoergic process difference when run, when energy storage, low-pressure compressor group 1, high-pressure compressor group
4 work, high pressure expansion machine group 7, inflated with low pressure unit 8 are shut down, and valve 17,25 is closed, and accumulation of heat/heat exchanger 2 recycles compressed air
In the heat of compression, pressure-air is cooled to room temperature.Injection decompression air entraining device 6 is out of service.Energy Shi Ze is released on the contrary, low pressure pressure
Mechanism of qi group 1, high-pressure compressor group 4 are shut down, and valve 17,25 is opened.Injection decompression air entraining device 6 works, high pressure expansion machine group 7,
Inflated with low pressure unit 8 works, and accumulation of heat/heat exchanger 2 then discharges thermal energy, promotes the temperature of compressed air.In addition, external heat then may be used
To be stored at any time via pipeline 26 into accumulation of heat/heat exchanger 2.
Jet expansion compound compression air energy storage systems of the invention, injection decompression air entraining device 6 therein is injection
Device group and the one or more combination of throttle valve, wherein injector group includes an at least injector；When injector group includes two
When more than platform injector, it is serially connected between injector or parallel with one another for whole series ejectors group.When injector group is whole
When body series multistage injector group, structure as shown in Fig. 6, go here and there as a whole by the bypass bleed ports 24 of first order injector 6 '
Join the bypass air inlet of series ejectors group, most end first injector 6 " the series multistage injector group as a whole of exhaust outlet 19
Exhaust outlet, injector 6 ' at different levels, 6 " main road air inlet interlinked by pipeline 12, the exhaust outlet of upper level injector 6 ' with
Series connection next stage injector 6 " bypass bleed ports interlinked by pipeline 31.When injector group is whole series ejectors in parallel
When group, structure is as shown in fig. 7, injector 6 ' at different levels, 6 " main road air inlet interlinked by pipeline 12, injectors at different levels
6 ', 6 " bypass bleed ports are interlinked by pipeline 24, and the exhaust outlet of injectors at different levels is interlinked by pipeline 19.When injection subtracts
When to press air entraining device 6 be the combination of injector group and throttle valve, the outlet of throttle valve and the main road high pressure admission mouth of injector group
It interlinks or the entrance of the middle pressure port of injector group and throttle valve interlinks.Injector includes Laval jet pipe, draws
Tracheae, absorption chamber, mixing chamber and one or more combinations of diffusion room.Injector can be unadjustable for entire infrastructure size
Fixed and adjustable adjustable of nozzle throat sectional area；When injector is adjustable spraying apparatus, as shown in figure 8, spray
Emitter is sequentially arranged an absorption chamber 35, a mixing chamber 36 and a diffusion room 37 along the axis direction of its main body；The master of absorption chamber 35
A Laval jet pipe 33 is arranged in road air inlet front end, and an air entraining pipe 34 is arranged in side, and the import of Laval jet pipe 33 constitutes spray
The main road air inlet of emitter, the import of air entraining pipe 34 constitute the bypass bleed ports of injector, and the outlet of diffusion room 37 is formed as spraying
The exhaust outlet of emitter.Injector throat sectional area drives cone governor 38 to be adjusted by stepper motor 39.
Embodiment 2
Fig. 2 is the improved embodiment 2 of Fig. 1, and main structure is same as Example 1.Wherein, low-pressure compressor group 1 stores
Heat/heat exchanger 2, low pressure caisson 3, high-pressure compressor group 4, high-pressure gas device 5, injection decompression air entraining device 6, high pressure is swollen
Swollen unit 7, inflated with low pressure unit 8, generator 9, driving unit 10, valve 17,25, pipeline 11,12,13,14,15,16,18,
19,20,21,22,23,24, inlet air A.
Thermal energy storage process is same as Example 1.
When releasing energy, the normal temperature high voltage air stored in high-pressure gas device 5 not directly enters injection decompression by pipeline and draws
The main road air inlet of device of air 6, but after first passing through 2 heat temperature raising of accumulation of heat/heat exchanger by pipeline, it enters back into injection decompression and draws
The main road air inlet of device of air 6, improved purpose is to improve the main road intake air temperature of injection decompression air entraining device, to improve spray
The amount of air entrainment of decompression air entraining device 6 is penetrated, more during recycling high pressure air expenditure and pressuresEnergy.
Embodiment 3
Fig. 3 is jet expansion compound compression air energy storage systems and solar energy thermal-power-generating or industrial exhaust heat benefit of the invention
With the embodiment 3 combined, main structure is essentially identical with embodiment 1, separately increase with solar thermal collector or industry more than
The coupling part of heat pipeline.Wherein, low-pressure compressor group 1, accumulation of heat/heat exchanger 2, low pressure caisson 3, high-pressure compressor group
4, high-pressure gas device 5, injection decompression air entraining device 6, high pressure expansion machine group 7, inflated with low pressure unit 8, generator 9, driving list
Member 10, valve 17,25, pipeline 11,12,13,14,15,16,18,19,20,21,22,23,24, the second accumulation of heat/heat exchanger 2 ',
Inlet air A.
Thermal energy storage process is same as Example 1.
Release can when, the high temperature fluid from solar thermal collector or industrial exhaust heat enters the second accumulation of heat/change by pipeline 27
Hot device 2 ' flows out after high temperature fluid heat release cooling through pipeline 28.And the pressure-air that high-pressure gas device 5 is discharged is stored second
It is heated to high temperature in heat/heat exchanger 2 ', the main road air inlet of injection decompression air entraining device 6 is then entered by pipeline.It is newly-increased
With the coupling part of solar thermal collector or industrial exhaust heat pipeline, purpose is same as Example 2, can more recycle high pressure
During compressed air expenditure and pressureEnergy, furthermore it is also possible to make full use of recoverable heat can be with industrial exhaust heat waste heat.
Embodiment 4
Fig. 4 is the improved embodiment 4 of Fig. 3, and main structure is essentially identical with embodiment 3.Wherein, low-pressure compressor group
1, accumulation of heat/heat exchanger 2, low pressure caisson 3, high-pressure compressor group 4, high-pressure gas device 5, injection decompression air entraining device 6, height
Compression swelling unit 7, inflated with low pressure unit 8, generator 9, driving unit 10, valve 17,25, pipeline 11,12,13,14,15,
16,18,19,20,21,22,23,24, the second accumulation of heat/heat exchanger 2 ' is installed in inside caisson 5, inlet air A.
Thermal energy storage process and exoergic process are same as Example 1.
Change the arrangement of the second accumulation of heat/heat exchanger 2 ' in systems, is no longer arranged in injection decompression air entraining device master
It on pipeline before the air inlet of road, but is directly arranged inside the air storing cavity of high-pressure gas device 5, at this point, high-pressure gas device 5
To be insulated caisson, improved purpose, can use solar energy and industrial exhaust heat directly heats inside high-pressure gas device group 5
Pressure-air, make its pressure build up.
Embodiment 5
Fig. 5 is jet expansion compound compression air energy storage systems embodiment 5 of the invention, the same embodiment of main structure
1 is essentially identical, but has simplified low pressure caisson, is suitable for constant volume type high-pressure gas device, high-pressure gas device includes two
A above high-pressure gas unit 5 ', 5 ", 5 " ' the case where, and will injection decompression air entraining device 6 bypass air inlet and high pressure store up
Gas unit air inlet is interlinked by the control valve on pipeline and pipeline.Wherein, low-pressure compressor group 1, accumulation of heat/heat exchanger 2,
High-pressure compressor group 4, high-pressure gas unit 5 ', 5 ", 5 " ', injection decompression air entraining device 6, high pressure expansion machine group 7, inflated with low pressure
Unit 8, generator 9, driving unit 10, valve 17,25, pipeline 11,12,13,14,15,16,18,19,20,21,22,23,
24, inlet air A, each high-pressure gas unit 5 ', 5 ", 5 " ' admission line on setting cut-off check valve 29,29 ', 29 ", row
Shut-off valve 30,30 ', 30 is set on gas pipeline ".
When energy storage, the air of the compression pressurization of low-pressure compressor group 1, after accumulation of heat/heat exchanger 2 discharges the heat of compression, no longer
Into low pressure caisson, but high-pressure compressor group 4 is directly entered by pipeline 13 and is compressed to high pressure conditions, and enters and stores
Heat/heat exchanger 2 is cooled down, and the heat of compression is recovered simultaneously and is stored in accumulation of heat/heat exchanger 2, and normal temperature high voltage after cooling is empty
Gas enters each high-pressure gas unit 5 ', 5 through pipeline 15 simultaneously ", 5 " ' stored.
Release can when, each high-pressure gas unit 5 ', 5 ", 5 " ' middle storage pressure-air successively discharges, and first opens first storage
Shut-off valve 30 on 5 ' exhaust line of gas unit, remaining high-pressure gas unit 5 ", 5 " on ' exhaust lines shut-off valve 30 ', 30 "
It is turned off, when the gas storage pressure of first gas storage unit 5 ' drops to the minimum pressure of expander inlet permission, closes gas storage
Shut-off valve 30 on 5 ' gas exhaust piping of unit the opens second gas storage unit 5 " shut-off valve 30 ' on exhaust line, by second
Gas storage unit 5 " release pressure-air, meanwhile, open the bypass air inlet and high-pressure gas unit 5 ' of injection decompression air entraining device 6
Lead to the control valve 25 on pipeline 24 between air inlet.The advantages of embodiment 5 be simplified low pressure caisson, and effectively
Be utilized constant volume type high-pressure gas device group system release can when residual compressive air, reduce the initial outlay of system at
This, while improving the operational efficiency of system.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all in essence of the invention
Within mind and principle, any modification, equivalent substitution, improvement and etc. done be should be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of jet expansion compound compression air energy storage systems, the system comprises compressed-air energy storage subsystem and injections
Expansion combined type releases energy subsystem, and low-pressure compressed air and high pressure air are converted electrical energy into energy storage and is stored respectively,
High speed bleed effect when being expanded when releasing energy using high pressure air is promoted the energy grade of low-pressure compressed air, is formed
Uniformly mixed middle pressure compressed air is to drive expanding machine externally to do work, which is characterized in that
-- the compressed-air energy storage subsystem, including low pressure gas unit, accumulation of heat/heat exchanger, low pressure caisson, high pressure are calmed the anger
Unit, high-pressure gas device, wherein
The air inlet of the low-pressure compressor group is communicated with the atmosphere, exhaust outlet by pipeline through the accumulation of heat/heat exchanger with it is described
The air inlet of low pressure caisson is connected to,
The first row port of the low pressure caisson by pipeline successively through the high-pressure compressor group, accumulation of heat/heat exchanger with
The air inlet of the high-pressure gas device is connected to；
-- the jet expansion combined type releases energy subsystem, including decompression bleed unit and acting unit, wherein
The decompression bleed unit, including injection decompression air entraining device, the injection depressurize air entraining device include main road high pressure into
Port, bypass low pressure bleed ports and middle pressure port, the exhaust outlet of the main road high pressure admission mouth and the high-pressure gas device
It being connected to by pipeline, the bypass low pressure bleed ports are connected to the second exhaust port of the low pressure caisson by pipeline, and
The exhaust line of the high-pressure gas device is equipped with control valve I, sets on the second exhaust pipeline of the low pressure caisson
There is control valve II；
The acting unit, including high pressure expansion machine group and inflated with low pressure unit, the middle pressure of the injection decompression air entraining device
Port is connected to through the accumulation of heat/heat exchanger with the air inlet of the high pressure expansion machine group by pipeline, the high pressure expansion machine group
Exhaust outlet be connected to the air inlet of the inflated with low pressure unit through the accumulation of heat/heat exchanger by pipeline.
2. jet expansion compound compression air energy storage systems according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the injection subtracts
Pressing air entraining device includes an injector group, and the injector group includes an at least injector, axis of the injector along its main body
Line direction is sequentially arranged an absorption chamber, a mixing chamber and a diffusion room, and a Bearing score is arranged in the main road air inlet front end of the absorption chamber
An air entraining pipe is arranged in that type jet pipe, side, and the import of the Laval jet pipe constitutes the main road high pressure admission of the injector
Mouthful, the import of the air entraining pipe constitutes the bypass low pressure bleed ports of the injector, and the outlet of the diffusion room is formed as described
The middle pressure port of injector.
3. jet expansion compound compression air energy storage systems according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: the injector
Group includes two or more the injectors being serially connected, and the main road high pressure admission mouth of injectors at different levels is connected by pipeline, wherein
Bypass low-pressure admission mouth of the bypass low pressure bleed ports of first order injector as the injector group, afterbody injector
Middle pressure port of the middle pressure port as the injector group, the middle pressure port and next stage injector of upper level injector
Bypass low pressure bleed ports interlinked by pipeline.
4. jet expansion compound compression air energy storage systems according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: the injector
Group includes two or more injectors parallel with one another, and the main road high pressure admission mouth of injectors at different levels is interlinked by pipeline, at different levels
The bypass low pressure bleed ports of injector are interlinked by pipeline, and the middle pressure port of injectors at different levels is interlinked by pipeline.
5. according to jet expansion compound compression air energy storage systems described in claim 2,3 or 4, it is characterised in that: described
Injection decompression air entraining device further includes throttle valve, and the outlet of the throttle valve connects with the main road high pressure admission mouth of the injector group
The middle pressure port of the logical or described injector group is connected to the entrance of the throttle valve.
6. jet expansion compound compression air energy storage systems according to any one of claims 2 to 5, it is characterised in that:
The injector is fixed injector or the adjustable adjustable spraying apparatus of nozzle throat sectional area；When the injector be can
When mode injector, the Laval nozzle throat sectional area is adjusted by stepper motor driving cone governor.
7. jet expansion compound compression air energy storage systems according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the low pressure pressure
Mechanism of qi group, high-pressure compressor group are driven by driving unit, and the driving unit is driving motor or wind energy conversion system；The driving is single
It is with one of power station trough-electricity, wind-powered electricity generation, solar power generation, nuclear power, water power or tidal power generation or more when member is driving motor
Kind is used as power supply.
8. jet expansion compound compression air energy storage systems according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the accumulation of heat/
Heat exchanger is additionally provided with pipeline, which interlinks with external heat source.
9. jet expansion compound compression air energy storage systems according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the injection is swollen
It further includes the second accumulation of heat/heat exchanger that swollen combined type, which releases energy subsystem, and second accumulation of heat/heat exchanger setting is depressurized in the injection
On the main road high pressure admission pipeline of air entraining device and/or it is arranged in the high-pressure gas device.
10. jet expansion compound compression air energy storage systems according to claim 9, it is characterised in that: described second
Accumulation of heat/heat exchanger is waste heat/waste heat exchanger, is interlinked by pipeline and solar thermal collector or industrial exhaust heat/waste heat fluid.
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