CN112919999A - Oil phase for preparing puffed ammonium nitrate explosive from coal-to-liquid intermediate and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Oil phase for preparing puffed ammonium nitrate explosive from coal-to-liquid intermediate and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112919999A CN112919999A CN202110311721.4A CN202110311721A CN112919999A CN 112919999 A CN112919999 A CN 112919999A CN 202110311721 A CN202110311721 A CN 202110311721A CN 112919999 A CN112919999 A CN 112919999A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B31/00—Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt
- C06B31/28—Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt the salt being ammonium nitrate
- C06B31/285—Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt the salt being ammonium nitrate with fuel oil, e.g. ANFO-compositions
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B23/00—Compositions characterised by non-explosive or non-thermic constituents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B23/00—Compositions characterised by non-explosive or non-thermic constituents
- C06B23/009—Wetting agents, hydrophobing agents, dehydrating agents, antistatic additives, viscosity improvers, antiagglomerating agents, grinding agents and other additives for working up
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
Abstract
An oil phase for preparing expanded ammonium nitrate explosive from coal-to-liquid intermediate comprises the coal-to-liquid intermediate, wax substances and surfactant, the weight ratio of the coal-to-liquid intermediate to the wax substances to the surfactant is 12-17:7-2:1, the three are metered into a mixing tank to be heated and melted, the materials are stirred and mixed for 1 hour after being completely melted, the temperature is controlled to be 80 +/-5 ℃, and the mixture is mixed to generate a composite oil phase; the coal-to-liquid intermediate product is a semi-finished product in the coal-to-liquid production process, namely the coal-to-liquid intermediate product. The invention has the advantages that other oil phase materials are not required to be added, various performance indexes of the produced expanded explosive can completely reach the national standard, and the product has the advantages of good free-running property, no caking in summer and the like. The composite oil phase has the advantages of higher heat value, good safety performance, convenient use, low price, wide sources of various raw materials and higher economic benefit.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a formula of an oil phase, in particular to an oil phase for preparing an expanded ammonium nitrate explosive by using a coal-to-liquid intermediate product and a preparation method thereof.
Background
At present, the composite oil phase materials used by domestic expanded ammonium nitrate explosive manufacturers for producing expanded ammonium nitrate explosives are all prepared by taking petroleum byproducts (such as paraffin, ozokerite, engine oil, vaseline and the like) as main materials and adding a small amount of additives, and the quality of the composite oil phase products is very easily influenced by the quality fluctuation of the petroleum byproducts, so that the quality of the expanded ammonium nitrate explosives is influenced. Meanwhile, the petroleum byproduct is high in price, and is used for explosive production, so that resource waste exists. In order to reduce cost and save resources, the low-price coal-to-liquid intermediate is selected to replace a petroleum byproduct to produce the composite oil phase, and various properties of the expanded ammonium nitrate explosive produced by the oil phase can meet the national standard, so that the expanded ammonium nitrate explosive has better economic benefit and social benefit.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide an oil phase for preparing expanded ammonium nitrate explosive by using coal-to-liquid intermediate product, which has simple formula, high heat value, strong power-applying capability and stable product performance, and does not need to add any oil phase material in the production process, and all performance indexes of the produced expanded ammonium nitrate explosive can completely reach the national standard.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: an oil phase for preparing expanded ammonium nitrate explosive from coal-to-liquid intermediate comprises the coal-to-liquid intermediate, wax substances and surfactant at a weight ratio of 12-17:7-2:1, and the three are mixed to form a composite oil phase;
the coal-to-liquid intermediate product is a semi-finished product in the coal-to-liquid production process, namely the coal-to-liquid intermediate product, and the index of the coal-to-liquid intermediate product is that the kinematic viscosity at 40 ℃ is 2-5mm2(s) 20 ℃ density 750-3The condensation point is 0-15 ℃, the flash point (closed) is more than 90 ℃, the normal alkane (mass fraction) is more than or equal to 92 percent, the aromatic hydrocarbon content (mass fraction) is less than or equal to 0.3 percent, and the sulfur content is less than or equal to 4.0 mg/kg;
the wax is a petroleum byproduct with a kinematic viscosity of 8-18mm at 100 deg.C2The oil content is 10-35%, the drop melting point is 60-80 ℃, and the flash point is more than 200 ℃.
Further, the surfactant belongs to an amine salt type cationic surfactant.
Further, the kinematic viscosity of the oil phase at 40 ℃ is 3-6mm2Density 770 kg/m at 20 DEG C3The condensation point is 25-50 ℃, and the flash point is more than 110 ℃.
Further, the coal-to-liquid intermediate product is composed of straight-chain hydrocarbon and oxygen-containing organic compounds.
Further, the surfactant can reduce the interfacial tension of the system.
Furthermore, the alkane content is more than or equal to 94 percent.
Furthermore, the content of the intermediate products in the oil phase is increased along with the increase of the content of the coal-to-liquid intermediate products, and the content of the wax substances is reduced at the same time.
A method for preparing oil phase for puffed ammonium nitrate explosive from coal-derived oil intermediate comprises metering coal-derived oil intermediate, wax, and surfactant, adding into a mixing tank, heating for melting, stirring and mixing for 45-70 min after all the materials are melted, controlling temperature at 80 + -5 deg.C, and mixing to obtain composite oil phase.
The invention has the advantages that the composite oil phase generated by mixing the coal-to-liquid intermediate product, the wax substances and the surfactant can completely replace the existing composite oil phase, and the produced expanded ammonium nitrate explosive has lower natural storage decay strength in three aspects of sympathetic explosion, explosion velocity and violent velocity than the existing expanded explosive, has good explosive fluidness, does not agglomerate in summer and meets various performance requirements. The compound oil phase has simple formula, easy preparation, high heat value and stable product performance.
Detailed Description
A method for preparing oil phase for puffed ammonium nitrate explosive from coal-derived oil intermediate comprises metering coal-derived oil intermediate, wax, and surfactant, melting in a mixing tank, stirring and mixing for 45-70 min after all the materials are melted, controlling temperature at 80 + -5 deg.C, and mixing to obtain composite oil phase.
An oil phase for preparing expanded ammonium nitrate explosive from coal-to-liquid intermediate products comprises the coal-to-liquid intermediate products, wax substances and surfactant, the weight ratio of the coal-to-liquid intermediate products to the wax substances to the surfactant is 12-17:7-2:1, the coal-to-liquid intermediate products and the wax substances are mixed to form a composite oil phase, the content of the coal-to-liquid intermediate products is increased, the content of the wax substances is reduced, and the highest weight of the coal-to-liquid intermediate products is 6.5 times of the weight of the wax substances;
the coal-to-liquid intermediate product is a coal chemical technology for producing liquid fuel and chemical raw material by using coal as raw material, and its index is kinematic viscosity (40 deg.C, mm)2/s)2-5, density (20 ℃, kg/m)3): 750-. The most remarkable characteristic of the coal-to-liquid intermediate product is that the product mainly comprises straight-chain hydrocarbon and also contains a certain amount of oxygen-containing organic compounds, has the advantages of low sulfur, low nitrogen, low aromatic hydrocarbon, high cetane number and the like, has poor low-temperature characteristic and lubricating property and higher smoke point, condensation point and pour point;
the wax is a petroleum byproduct, and has kinematic viscosity (100 deg.C, mm)2/s) 8-18, oil content 10-35%, melting point 60-80 deg.C, and flash point > 200 deg.C;
the surfactant belongs to an amine salt type cationic surfactant, and can reduce the interfacial tension of a system, improve the crystal modification and improve the sensitivity;
the kinematic viscosity of the composite oil phase is 3-6(40 ℃, mm)2S), density (20 ℃ in kg/m3): 770-800 deg.c, 25-50 deg.c solidifying point and flash point higher than 110 deg.c
In order to verify the performance of the formula, six groups of comparison tests are carried out, wherein the first group, the second group, the third group and the fourth group are non-formula, one or more of the four parameters of kinematic viscosity, density, condensation point and flash point of the generated composite oil phase do not reach the parameters of the composite oil phase of the formula, and the fifth group and the sixth group are formula.
The first group is oil phase for preparing puffed ammonium nitrate explosive from coal oil intermediate and its preparation process, and the oil phase is composite oil phase comprising coal oil intermediate, wax and surfactant. After being uniformly mixed, the indexes of the composite oil phase are detected as follows: kinematic viscosity 8.2(40 ℃, mm)2S), density (20 ℃ in kg/m3): 793. the condensation point is 45 ℃ and the flash point is 122 ℃. The sample remaining detection performance and the natural storage performance detection are carried out after the batch test of the production line, and the results are as follows:
and the second group is oil phase for preparing puffed ammonium nitrate explosive with coal oil intermediate and its preparation process, and the oil phase is composite oil phase comprising coal oil intermediate, wax and surfactant. After being uniformly mixed, the indexes of the composite oil phase are detected as follows: kinematic viscosity 3.91(40 ℃, mm)2S), density (20 ℃ in kg/m3): 757. condensation point 26.3 ℃, flash point: 115 ℃ is carried out. The sample remaining detection performance and the natural storage performance detection are carried out after the batch test of the production line, and the results are as follows:
and the third group is oil phase for preparing puffed ammonium nitrate explosive from coal oil intermediate and its preparation process, and the oil phase is composite oil phase comprising coal oil intermediate, wax and surfactant. After being uniformly mixed, the indexes of the composite oil phase are detected as follows: kinematic viscosity 4.46(40 ℃, mm)2S), density (20 ℃ in kg/m3): 779. the condensation point is 23.8 ℃, and the flash point is 112 ℃. The sample remaining detection performance and the natural storage performance detection are carried out after the batch test of the production line, and the results are as follows:
and fourthly, the oil phase for preparing the expanded ammonium nitrate explosive by using the coal-to-liquid intermediate product and the preparation method thereof, wherein the oil phase is a composite oil phase consisting of the coal-to-liquid intermediate product, wax substances and a surfactant. After being uniformly mixed, the indexes of the composite oil phase are detected as follows: kinematic viscosity 3.27(40 ℃, mm)2S), density (20 ℃ in kg/m3): 778. the condensation point is 26.7 ℃, and the flash point is 98 ℃. The sample remaining detection performance and the natural storage performance detection are carried out after the batch test of the production line, and the results are as follows:
and the fifth group is oil phase for preparing puffed ammonium nitrate explosive from coal oil intermediate and its preparation process, and the oil phase is composite oil phase comprising coal oil intermediate, wax and surfactant. After being uniformly mixed, the indexes of the composite oil phase are detected as follows: kinematic viscosity 4.26(40 ℃, mm)2S), density (20 ℃ in kg/m3): 782. the condensation point is 30 ℃ and the flash point is 119 ℃. The sample remaining detection performance and the natural storage performance detection are carried out after the batch test of the production line, and the results are as follows:
group 6, an oil phase for puffed ammonium nitrate explosive prepared from coal-based oil intermediate and its preparation method, a composite oil phase composed of coal-based oil intermediate, wax, and surfactant. After being uniformly mixed, the indexes of the composite oil phase are detected as follows: kinematic viscosity 3.58(40 ℃, mm)2S), density (20 ℃ in kg/m3): 786. the condensation point is 34 ℃ and the flash point is 128 ℃. The sample remaining detection performance and the natural storage performance detection are carried out after the batch test of the production line, and the results are as follows:
comparing the six tests in the above field, the conclusion can be drawn that: the composite oil phase is prepared from coal-to-liquid intermediate, wax substances, surfactant and the like according to a certain proportion, and each index of the composite oil phase meets a certain requirement, namely the kinematic viscosity is 3-6(40 ℃, mm)2S), density (20 ℃ in kg/m3): 770-800 deg.C, 25-50 deg.C of condensation point and flash point higher than 110 deg.C, the composite oil phase can produce puffed nitroThe performance indexes of the ammonium explosive can completely reach the national standard, the decay strength of the natural storage performance is lower, the free-running property of the explosive is good, and the ammonium explosive does not agglomerate in summer. The composite oil phase has the advantages of simple formula, easy preparation, high heat value, good safety performance, convenient use, low price and higher economic benefit.
Claims (8)
1. An oil phase for preparing expanded ammonium nitrate explosive by using coal-to-liquid intermediate product is characterized in that the oil phase consists of the coal-to-liquid intermediate product, wax substances and surfactant in a weight ratio of 12-17:7-2:1, and the oil phase is generated by mixing the coal-to-liquid intermediate product, the wax substances and the surfactant;
the coal-to-liquid intermediate product is a semi-finished product in the coal-to-liquid production process, and the indexes of the coal-to-liquid intermediate product are kinematic viscosity at 40 ℃ of 2-5 mm/s, density at 20 ℃ of 750 and 800kg/m for thin film zinc oxide powder;
the wax substance is a substance of petroleum byproducts, and has index of kinematic viscosity at 100 ℃ of 8-18 mm/s, oil content of 10-35%, melt drop point of 60-80 ℃ and flash point > 200 ℃.
2. The method for preparing the oil phase for the expanded ammonium nitrate explosive by using the coal-to-liquid intermediate product, which is disclosed by the claim 1, is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the surfactant belongs to an amine salt type cationic surfactant.
3. The method for preparing the oil phase for the expanded ammonium nitrate explosive by using the coal-to-liquid intermediate product, which is disclosed by the claim 1, is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the kinematic viscosity at 40 ℃ of the oil phase is 3-6 mm/s, the density at 20 ℃ is 770, the congealing point is 25-50 ℃, and the flash point is > 110 ℃.
4. The method for preparing the oil phase for the expanded ammonium nitrate explosive by using the coal-to-liquid intermediate product, which is disclosed by claim 1, is characterized in that: the coal-to-liquid intermediate product consists of straight-chain hydrocarbon and oxygen-containing organic compounds.
5. The method for preparing the oil phase for the expanded ammonium nitrate explosive by using the coal-to-liquid intermediate product, which is disclosed by claim 1, is characterized in that: the surfactant can reduce the interfacial tension of the system.
6. The method for preparing the oil phase for the expanded ammonium nitrate explosive by using the coal-to-liquid intermediate product, which is disclosed by claim 4, is characterized in that: the alkane content is more than or equal to 94 percent.
7. The method for preparing the oil phase for the expanded ammonium nitrate explosive by using the coal-to-liquid intermediate product, which is disclosed by claim 1, is characterized in that: the content of the intermediate products in the oil phase is increased along with the increase of the content of the coal-to-liquid intermediate products, and the content of the wax substances is reduced at the same time.
8. A process for the preparation of an oil phase for the preparation of expanded ammonium nitrate explosives from coal-to-oil intermediates, as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein: the method comprises the steps of adding the coal-to-liquid intermediate product, the wax substances and the surfactant into a mixing tank by metering, heating and melting, stirring and mixing for 45-70 min after the materials are completely melted, controlling the temperature to be 80 +/-5 ℃, and mixing to generate the composite oil phase.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110311721.4A CN112919999B (en) | 2021-03-24 | 2021-03-24 | Oil phase for preparing puffed ammonium nitrate explosive from coal-to-liquid intermediate and preparation method thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110311721.4A CN112919999B (en) | 2021-03-24 | 2021-03-24 | Oil phase for preparing puffed ammonium nitrate explosive from coal-to-liquid intermediate and preparation method thereof |
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| CN112919999A true CN112919999A (en) | 2021-06-08 |
| CN112919999B CN112919999B (en) | 2022-04-22 |
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2002090296A2 (en) * | 2001-05-03 | 2002-11-14 | Sasol Chemical Industries Limited | Free-flowing particulate explosive |
| CN101348403A (en) * | 2007-07-20 | 2009-01-21 | 浙江永进化工有限公司 | Waterproof type rock swelling ammonium nitrate explosive and preparation technique thereof |
| CN104726147A (en) * | 2015-02-13 | 2015-06-24 | 宁波柯林菲尔节能环保科技有限公司 | Oil phase of porous granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive and preparation method thereof |
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- 2021-03-24 CN CN202110311721.4A patent/CN112919999B/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2002090296A2 (en) * | 2001-05-03 | 2002-11-14 | Sasol Chemical Industries Limited | Free-flowing particulate explosive |
| CN101348403A (en) * | 2007-07-20 | 2009-01-21 | 浙江永进化工有限公司 | Waterproof type rock swelling ammonium nitrate explosive and preparation technique thereof |
| CN104726147A (en) * | 2015-02-13 | 2015-06-24 | 宁波柯林菲尔节能环保科技有限公司 | Oil phase of porous granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive and preparation method thereof |
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Inventor after: Huang Zhenghua Inventor after: Hu Dazhao Inventor after: Lv Pengfei Inventor after: Wang Hao Inventor after: Zhang Yan Inventor before: Huang Zhenghua Inventor before: Lv Pengfei Inventor before: Wang Hao Inventor before: Zhang Yan |
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