CN112919989A - Fertilizer suitable for producing selenium-rich kiwi fruits and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Fertilizer suitable for producing selenium-rich kiwi fruits and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/20—Liquid fertilisers
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Abstract
The invention discloses a fertilizer and a preparation method thereof, and particularly relates to a fertilizer suitable for producing selenium-rich kiwi fruits and a preparation method thereof. The selenium-rich organic chelate fertilizer is composed of organic chelate selenium and an auxiliary agent, wherein the organic chelate selenium is prepared from the following raw materials: sodium selenite, sodium nitrate, brown sugar, turf, EM strain, rare earth waste residue and glutamic acid; the auxiliary agent is prepared from the following raw materials: manganese sulfate, zinc sulfate, ammonium molybdate, boric acid, monopotassium phosphate, magnesium sulfate and calcium nitrate. The fertilizer is a liquid foliar fertilizer, is convenient to use, has the characteristics of enriching selenium, increasing yield, prolonging the storage life of kiwi fruits and improving the sweetness of fruits, and solves the technical problem of reduced selenium availability caused by the fixation of inorganic selenium. The preparation method of the fertilizer is simple and easy to implement, and can ensure the selenium-rich range to be stable and reliable.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a fertilizer and a preparation method thereof, in particular to a fertilizer suitable for producing selenium-rich kiwi fruits and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The kiwi fruit, also known as kiwi fruit, is soft and juicy, is sour, sweet and delicious, has the reputation of 'the king of vitamin C in fruit', has important effect on human health, contains acid, carbohydrate, amino acid, vitamin and the like required by human body, and provides nutrition and energy required by human body for survival. The kiwi fruit also has the effects of resisting inflammation, resisting oxidation, reducing blood fat and the like, and is a natural good health-care product.
Selenium is used as an essential element of human body, has the functions of resisting cancer, resisting aging, enhancing immunity, antagonizing toxic heavy metal ions and the like, and is known as 'the kindling of life'.
Se (-II), Se (0), Se (IV) and Se (VI) exist in 4 valence states of selenium in natural soil. Selenite and selenate are both water soluble, but selenate exhibits greater water solubility and bioavailability in soil solutions than selenite. In general, selenite is the predominant selenium species under acidic and reducing conditions in humid regions, tends to form strongly bound inner complexes on metal oxide surfaces and exhibits low bioavailability. In contrast, selenate is more readily bioavailable in well-aerated alkaline soils. But they can be reduced into elemental selenium and metal selenides in soil, which are insoluble in water and cannot be directly utilized by plants. However, Se exhibiting a valence of-2 in organoselenium compounds is highly bioavailable.
The traditional selenium-containing fertilizers are mostly applied by basal application of selenium-containing organic or inorganic solid fertilizers and foliar spraying of inorganic selenium solution, the solid basal application is easy to be transformed by soil to cause low biological effectiveness, the foliar spraying of inorganic selenium is not easy to control the plant absorption amount, and the excessive accumulation is easy to cause selenium poisoning.
The selenium-rich fruits are fruits containing rich selenium elements. The selenium-rich kiwi fruit combines the functions of kiwi fruit and selenium, and has high nutritional and health-care values and wide market prospects.
The fertilizer provided by the invention is a liquid product, is suitable for being used for foliage spraying in kiwi fruit planting, and can solve the problems.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the above, the invention aims to provide the fertilizer suitable for producing the selenium-rich kiwi fruits, which is a liquid foliar fertilizer, has the characteristics of enriching selenium, increasing yield, prolonging the storage life of the kiwi fruits and improving the sweetness of the fruits, and solves the technical problem of reduced selenium availability caused by the fixation of inorganic selenium.
The invention also aims to provide a preparation method of the fertilizer suitable for producing the selenium-rich kiwi fruits, which has the characteristics of simplicity, feasibility and capability of ensuring the stability and reliability of the selenium-rich range.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a fertilizer suitable for producing selenium-rich kiwi fruits is composed of organic chelated selenium and an auxiliary agent, wherein the organic chelated selenium is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1-2 parts of sodium selenite, 6-8 parts of sodium nitrate, 4-5 parts of brown sugar, 40-50 parts of turf, 0.2-0.5 part of EM strain, 1-1.5 parts of rare earth waste residue and 0.5-1 part of glutamic acid; the auxiliary agent is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-12 parts of manganese sulfate, 2-3 parts of zinc sulfate, 0.02-0.1 part of ammonium molybdate, 1.5-2.5 parts of boric acid, 4.0-4.5 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 1.0-1.5 parts of magnesium sulfate and 0.5-1.2 parts of calcium nitrate.
The organic chelated selenium is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1.3-1.7 parts of sodium selenite, 6.5-7.5 parts of sodium nitrate, 4.3-4.6 parts of brown sugar, 43-46 parts of turf, 0.3-0.4 part of EM strain, 1-1.5 parts of rare earth waste residue and 0.6-0.8 part of glutamic acid.
The auxiliary agent is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10.5-11.5 parts of manganese sulfate, 2.3-2.7 parts of zinc sulfate, 0.04-0.06 part of ammonium molybdate, 1.8-2.1 parts of boric acid, 4.2-4.3 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 1.2-1.3 parts of magnesium sulfate and 0.7-1.0 part of calcium nitrate.
The volume ratio of the organic chelated selenium to the auxiliary agent is 1: 0.7-1.
The preparation method of the fertilizer suitable for producing the selenium-rich kiwi fruits comprises the following steps:
preparing organic chelated selenium, namely taking turf, sodium nitrate, brown sugar and EM microbial inoculum according to the weight parts, mixing and fermenting the obtained active substances, adding water to dilute the active substances, adding rare earth waste residues according to the weight parts, standing for 45-50 hours, and adding selenite and glutathione according to the weight parts into a solution after filtering residues; and (3) preparing the auxiliary agent, namely adding water to dissolve manganese sulfate, zinc sulfate, ammonium molybdate, boric acid, monopotassium phosphate, magnesium sulfate and calcium nitrate respectively in parts by weight, and then adding water to dilute and mix.
The preparation method of the organic chelated selenium comprises the steps of uniformly mixing turf, sodium nitrate, brown sugar and EM strains according to the weight parts, fermenting for 70-80 hours at 24-26 ℃ in a biochemical incubator, taking out the fermented product, cooling to room temperature, leaching humic acid active substances in the fermented product by using a mixed solution of 0.1 mol/L sodium hydroxide and 0.1 mol/L sodium pyrophosphate, adding 400 parts by weight of water into the leaching solution, adding rare earth waste residues according with the weight parts, storing for 45-50 hours, filtering to remove residues, taking the solution, adding selenite and glutathione according with the weight parts into the solution, and preparing the organic chelated selenium solution.
The preparation method of the auxiliary agent comprises the following steps of taking manganese sulfate, zinc sulfate, ammonium molybdate, boric acid, monopotassium phosphate, magnesium sulfate and calcium nitrate according to the weight parts, sequentially adding the manganese sulfate, the zinc sulfate, the ammonium molybdate, the boric acid, the monopotassium phosphate, the magnesium sulfate and the calcium nitrate into 600 parts by weight of water under the stirring state until the manganese sulfate, the zinc sulfate, the ammonium molybdate, the boric acid, the monopotassium phosphate.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the following characteristics and effects:
the method is simple and easy to implement, and can ensure the selenium-rich range to be stable and reliable.
The invention is composed of two solutions of organic chelated selenium and an auxiliary agent, wherein partial precipitation possibly occurs in the process of storing the auxiliary agent solution, and the auxiliary agent solution is used after being uniformly mixed by shaking a bottle before being sprayed.
The application method of the fertilizer in the kiwi fruit planting process is as follows:
the fertilizer is used in the cultivation process of kiwi fruits, and can increase the yield by about 10% by spraying the fertilizer twice under the normal fertilizing condition; as in the following table:
the selenium content of the kiwi fruit: can reach 0.05-0.1 mg/kg, and meet the content range (0.01-0.1 mg/kg) required by selenium-enriched fruits; fruit storage tolerance: the preservation time is long, and is about 15-20 on average (the fruits which are not normally sprayed with selenium are preserved for 5-7 days); the fruit taste is obviously improved, and the sugar content reaches 10 to 15 percent (the sugar content of the normal selenium-sprayed fruit is 8 to 14 percent).
The fertilizer is a liquid foliar fertilizer, is convenient to use, has the characteristics of enriching selenium, increasing yield, prolonging the storage life of kiwi fruits and improving the sweetness of fruits, and reduces the problem of reduced selenium availability caused by the fixation of inorganic selenium. The preparation method of the fertilizer is simple and easy to implement, and can ensure the selenium-rich range to be stable and reliable (0.01-0.1 mg/kg).
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples. The following examples are only a few specific examples of the present invention, but the design concept of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any insubstantial modifications made by the design concept should fall within the scope of infringing on the protection scope of the present invention.
The methods in the following examples are conventional methods unless otherwise specified.
The percentages (%) in the following examples are by mass unless otherwise specified.
Example 1
A fertilizer suitable for producing selenium-rich kiwi fruits is composed of organic chelated selenium and an auxiliary agent, wherein the organic chelated selenium is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 2 parts of sodium selenite, 8 parts of sodium nitrate, 5 parts of brown sugar, 40 parts of turf, 0.5 part of EM strain, 1.5 parts of rare earth waste residue and 1 part of glutamic acid; the auxiliary agent is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 12 parts of manganese sulfate, 2 parts of zinc sulfate, 0.02 part of ammonium molybdate, 1.5 parts of boric acid, 4.0 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 1.0 part of magnesium sulfate and 0.5 part of calcium nitrate.
The preparation method of the organic chelated selenium comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing turf, sodium nitrate, brown sugar and EM strains according to the weight parts, fermenting for 80 hours at 24 ℃ in a biochemical incubator, taking out the fermented product, cooling to room temperature, leaching humic acid active substances in the fermented product by using a mixed solution of 0.1 mol/L sodium hydroxide and 0.1 mol/L sodium pyrophosphate, adding 600 parts by weight of water into the leaching solution, adding rare earth waste residues according with the weight parts, storing for 50 hours, filtering residues, taking the solution, adding selenite and glutathione according with the weight parts into the solution, preparing an organic chelated selenium solution, and bottling; the preparation method of the auxiliary agent comprises the following steps: according to the weight parts, manganese sulfate, zinc sulfate, ammonium molybdate, boric acid, monopotassium phosphate, magnesium sulfate and calcium nitrate are sequentially added into 600 parts by weight of water under the stirring state until all the components are dissolved to prepare an auxiliary agent solution, and the auxiliary agent solution is bottled.
The application method of the fertilizer of the embodiment is as follows: in the first period, in the flowering and fruit setting period, 17 ml of organic chelated selenium solution is taken, the organic chelated selenium solution is put into 15 kg of water for stirring, 17 ml of auxiliary agent solution is then put into the organic chelated selenium solution, and after the organic chelated selenium solution and the auxiliary agent solution are uniformly stirred together, all leaves of each fruit tree are sprayed to the fruit trees. In the second period, in the fruit expanding period, 33 ml of the chelated selenium liquid is taken, put into 15 kg of water for stirring, and then put into 33 ml of the auxiliary agent liquid for stirring uniformly, so that all fruits and leaves of each fruit tree are sprayed to the fruit trees. After spraying, the fruits can be harvested after one week according to the mature condition of the fruits. In the using process, the organic chelated selenium solution and the auxiliary agent solution cannot be directly mixed, otherwise, precipitate insolubility is formed, and the using effect is influenced. If it falls in water within 4 hours after spraying, it should be applied.
Example 2
A fertilizer suitable for producing selenium-rich kiwi fruits is composed of organic chelated selenium and an auxiliary agent, wherein the organic chelated selenium is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1 part of sodium selenite, 6 parts of sodium nitrate, 4 parts of brown sugar, 50 parts of grass peat, 0.2 part of EM strain, 1 part of rare earth waste residue and 0.5 part of glutamic acid; the auxiliary agent is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10 parts of manganese sulfate, 3 parts of zinc sulfate, 0.1 part of ammonium molybdate, 2.5 parts of boric acid, 4.5 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 1.5 parts of magnesium sulfate and 1.2 parts of calcium nitrate.
The preparation method of the organic chelated selenium comprises the steps of uniformly mixing turf, sodium nitrate, brown sugar and EM (effective microorganism) strains according to the weight parts, fermenting for 70 hours at 26 ℃ in a biochemical incubator, taking out the fermented product, cooling to room temperature, leaching humic acid active substances in the fermented product by using a mixed solution of 0.1 mol/L sodium hydroxide and 0.1 mol/L sodium pyrophosphate, adding 400 parts by weight of water into the leaching solution, adding rare earth waste residues according with the weight parts, storing for 45 hours, filtering residues, taking the solution, adding selenite and glutamic acid according with the weight parts into the solution, and preparing the organic chelated selenium solution. The preparation method of the assistant comprises the following steps of taking manganese sulfate, zinc sulfate, ammonium molybdate, boric acid, monopotassium phosphate, magnesium sulfate and calcium nitrate according to the weight parts, sequentially adding the manganese sulfate, the zinc sulfate, the ammonium molybdate, the boric acid, the monopotassium phosphate, the magnesium sulfate and the calcium nitrate into 400 parts by weight of water under the stirring state until all the manganese sulfate, the zinc sulfate, the ammonium molybdate, the boric acid, the.
The application method of the fertilizer of the embodiment is as follows: in the first period, in the flowering and fruit setting period, 20 ml of organic chelated selenium solution is taken, the organic chelated selenium solution is put into 17 kg of water for stirring, then 14 ml of auxiliary agent solution is put into the organic chelated selenium solution, and after the organic chelated selenium solution and the auxiliary agent solution are uniformly stirred together, the fruit trees are sprayed to all leaves of each fruit tree. In the second period, in the fruit expanding period, 40 ml of the chelated selenium liquid is taken, put into 17 kg of water for stirring, then 28 ml of the auxiliary agent liquid is put into the water for stirring, and after the mixture is uniformly stirred, all fruits and leaves of each fruit tree are sprayed to the fruit trees. After spraying, the fruits can be harvested after one week according to the mature condition of the fruits. In the using process, the organic chelated selenium solution and the auxiliary agent solution cannot be directly mixed, otherwise, precipitate insolubility is formed, and the using effect is influenced. If it falls in water within 4 hours after spraying, it should be applied.
Example 3
A fertilizer suitable for producing selenium-rich kiwi fruits is composed of organic chelated selenium and an auxiliary agent, wherein the organic chelated selenium is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1.5 parts of sodium selenite, 7 parts of sodium nitrate, 4.5 parts of brown sugar, 45 parts of turf, 0.3 part of EM strain, 1.4 parts of rare earth waste residue and 0.7 part of glutamic cystine; the auxiliary agent is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 11 parts of manganese sulfate, 2.5 parts of zinc sulfate, 0.05 part of ammonium molybdate, 2 parts of boric acid, 4.3 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 1.3 parts of magnesium sulfate and 0.9 part of calcium nitrate.
The preparation method of the organic chelated selenium comprises the steps of uniformly mixing turf, sodium nitrate, brown sugar and EM (effective microorganism) strains according to the weight parts, fermenting the mixture in a biochemical incubator at 25 ℃ for 75 hours, taking out the fermented product, cooling the fermented product to room temperature, leaching humic acid active substances in the fermented product by using a mixed solution of 0.1 mol/L sodium hydroxide and 0.1 mol/L sodium pyrophosphate, adding 500 parts by weight of water into the leaching solution, adding rare earth waste residues according with the weight parts, storing the mixture for 47 hours, filtering residues, taking the solution, and adding selenite and glutamic acid according with the weight parts into the solution to prepare the organic chelated selenium solution. The preparation method of the auxiliary agent comprises the following steps of taking manganese sulfate, zinc sulfate, ammonium molybdate, boric acid, monopotassium phosphate, magnesium sulfate and calcium nitrate according to the weight parts, sequentially adding the manganese sulfate, the zinc sulfate, the ammonium molybdate, the boric acid, the monopotassium phosphate, the magnesium sulfate and the calcium nitrate into 500 parts by weight of water under the stirring state until all the manganese sulfate, the zinc sulfate, the ammonium molybdate, the boric acid.
The application method of the fertilizer of the embodiment is as follows: in the first period, in the flowering and fruit setting period, 20 ml of organic chelated selenium solution is taken, the organic chelated selenium solution is put into 16 kg of water for stirring, 15 ml of auxiliary agent solution is then put into the water for stirring, and after the organic chelated selenium solution and the auxiliary agent solution are uniformly stirred together, the fruit trees are sprayed to all leaves of each fruit tree. In the second period, in the fruit expanding period, 40 ml of the chelated selenium liquid is taken, put into 16 kg of water for stirring, and then 30 ml of the auxiliary agent liquid is put into the water for stirring, and after the mixture is uniformly stirred, all fruits and leaves of each fruit tree are sprayed to the fruit trees. After spraying, the fruits can be harvested after one week according to the mature condition of the fruits. In the using process, the organic chelated selenium solution and the auxiliary agent solution cannot be directly mixed, otherwise, precipitate insolubility is formed, and the using effect is influenced. If it falls in water within 4 hours after spraying, it should be applied.
Example 4
A fertilizer suitable for producing selenium-rich kiwi fruits is composed of organic chelated selenium and an auxiliary agent, wherein the organic chelated selenium is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1.7 parts of sodium selenite, 7.5 parts of sodium nitrate, 4.6 parts of brown sugar, 43 parts of turf, 0.4 part of EM strain, 1.5 parts of rare earth waste residue and 0.8 part of glutamic acid; the auxiliary agent is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 11.5 parts of manganese sulfate, 2.3 parts of zinc sulfate, 0.04 part of ammonium molybdate, 1.8 parts of boric acid, 4.2 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 1.2 parts of magnesium sulfate and 0.7 part of calcium nitrate.
The preparation method of the organic chelated selenium comprises the steps of uniformly mixing turf, sodium nitrate, brown sugar and EM strains according to the weight parts, fermenting for 77 hours at 26 ℃ in a biochemical incubator, taking out the fermented product, cooling to room temperature, leaching humic acid active substances in the fermented product by using a mixed solution of 0.1 mol/L sodium hydroxide and 0.1 mol/L sodium pyrophosphate, adding 550 parts by weight of water into the leaching solution, adding rare earth waste residues according with the weight parts, storing for 49 hours, filtering residues, taking the solution, adding selenite and glutathione according with the weight parts into the solution, and preparing the organic chelated selenium solution. The preparation method of the auxiliary agent comprises the following steps of taking manganese sulfate, zinc sulfate, ammonium molybdate, boric acid, monopotassium phosphate, magnesium sulfate and calcium nitrate according to the weight parts, sequentially adding the manganese sulfate, the zinc sulfate, the ammonium molybdate, the boric acid, the monopotassium phosphate, the magnesium sulfate and the calcium nitrate into 450 parts of water in a stirring state until all the manganese sulfate, the zinc sulfate, the ammonium molybdate, the boric acid, the magnesium sulfate and.
The application method of the fertilizer of the embodiment is as follows: in the first period, in the flowering and fruit setting period, 20 ml of organic chelated selenium solution is taken, the organic chelated selenium solution is put into 16.5 kg of water for stirring, then 16 ml of auxiliary agent solution is put into the organic chelated selenium solution, and after the organic chelated selenium solution and the auxiliary agent solution are uniformly stirred together, the fruit trees are sprayed to all leaves of each fruit tree. In the second period, in the fruit expanding period, 40 ml of the chelated selenium liquid is taken, put into 16.5 kg of water for stirring, and then 32 ml of the auxiliary agent liquid is put into the water for stirring, and after the mixture is uniformly stirred, all fruits and leaves of each fruit tree are sprayed to the fruit trees. After spraying, the fruits can be harvested after one week according to the mature condition of the fruits. In the using process, the organic chelated selenium solution and the auxiliary agent solution cannot be directly mixed, otherwise, precipitate insolubility is formed, and the using effect is influenced. If it falls in water within 4 hours after spraying, it should be applied.
Example 5
The organic chelated selenium is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1.3 parts of sodium selenite, 6.5 parts of sodium nitrate, 4.3 parts of brown sugar, 46 parts of turf, 0.3 part of EM (effective microorganism) strain, 1 part of rare earth waste residue and 0.6 part of glutamic cystine; the auxiliary agent is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10.5 parts of manganese sulfate, 2.7 parts of zinc sulfate, 0.06 part of ammonium molybdate, 2.1 parts of boric acid, 4.3 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 1.3 parts of magnesium sulfate and 1.0 part of calcium nitrate.
The preparation method of the organic chelated selenium comprises the steps of uniformly mixing turf, sodium nitrate, brown sugar and EM strains according to the weight parts, fermenting for 73 hours in a biochemical incubator at 24 ℃, taking out the fermented product, cooling to room temperature, leaching humic acid active substances in the fermented product by using a mixed solution of 0.1 mol/L sodium hydroxide and 0.1 mol/L sodium pyrophosphate, adding 450 weight parts of water into the leaching solution, adding rare earth waste residues according with the weight parts, storing for 47 hours, filtering residues, taking the solution, adding selenite and glutathione according with the weight parts into the solution, and preparing the organic chelated selenium solution.
The preparation method of the auxiliary agent comprises the following steps of taking manganese sulfate, zinc sulfate, ammonium molybdate, boric acid, monopotassium phosphate, magnesium sulfate and calcium nitrate according to the weight parts, sequentially adding the manganese sulfate, the zinc sulfate, the ammonium molybdate, the boric acid, the monopotassium phosphate, the magnesium sulfate and the calcium nitrate into 550 parts by weight of water under the stirring state until all the manganese sulfate, the zinc sulfate, the ammonium molybdate, the boric acid, the.
The application method of the fertilizer of the embodiment is as follows: in the first period, in the flowering and fruit setting period, 20 ml of organic chelated selenium solution is taken, the organic chelated selenium solution is put into 17 kg of water for stirring, then 18 ml of auxiliary agent solution is put into the water for stirring, and after the organic chelated selenium solution and the auxiliary agent solution are uniformly stirred together, the fruit trees are sprayed to all leaves of each fruit tree. In the second period, in the fruit expanding period, 40 ml of the chelated selenium liquid is taken, put into 17 kg of water for stirring, then put into 36 ml of the auxiliary agent liquid for stirring uniformly, and the fruit trees are sprayed to all fruits and leaves of each fruit tree. After spraying, the fruits can be harvested after one week according to the mature condition of the fruits. In the using process, the organic chelated selenium solution and the auxiliary agent solution cannot be directly mixed, otherwise, precipitate insolubility is formed, and the using effect is influenced. If it falls in water within 4 hours after spraying, it should be applied.
The features and effects of the present invention are further illustrated by the test data below.
Test example:
the fertilizer prepared according to the embodiments 1-5 and the method thereof are used on two kinds of kiwi fruits in the cucumber mountain kiwi fruit base in the Yongchuan area of Chongqing in 2020, and the concrete results are as follows:
the test method comprises the following steps:
test groups fertilizers prepared according to the invention in examples 1 to 5 and foliar fertilizers were applied according to the method described in the examples.
The control group is not applied with the foliar fertilizer, and other cultivation methods are the same as those of the test group.
(1) Test results of red kiwi fruit: the total selenium content of the soil is 0.37mg/kg before the selenium-rich foliar fertilizer is sprayed
TABLE 1 Kiwi fruit treatment selenium enrichment (mg/kg)
(2) The winter red kiwi fruit test result: the total selenium content of the soil is 0.32mg/kg before the selenium-rich foliar fertilizer is sprayed
TABLE 2 Kiwi fruit treatment selenium enrichment (mg/kg)
The test results show that the total selenium content of the edible parts (pulp and seeds) of the kiwi fruits is increased by spraying the foliage fertilizer, and the absorption of the organic fertilizer is mostly from soil supply but mainly accumulated in the leaf parts and is much less than that of the sprayed foliage fertilizer in comparison with the situation that the organic fertilizer is not sprayed. Further, although the total selenium content of the soil is high, the aim of selenium-rich fruits cannot be achieved only by supply of the soil, and the edible part content of the kiwi fruits can be obviously improved by combining the application of the patent technology, so that the aim of stably producing the selenium-rich kiwi fruits is fulfilled. Compared with other organic or inorganic solid base application and inorganic selenium leaf surface spraying, the selenium-rich foliar fertilizer has the advantages of stable, safe and reliable selenium-rich effect, 8-10 yuan per mu of cost, about 10% of yield increase, simple and easy application method and stable selenium-rich yield increase effect.
Claims (7)
1. The fertilizer suitable for producing the selenium-rich kiwi fruits is characterized by comprising organic chelated selenium and an auxiliary agent, wherein the organic chelated selenium is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1-2 parts of sodium selenite, 6-8 parts of sodium nitrate, 4-5 parts of brown sugar, 40-50 parts of turf, 0.2-0.5 part of EM strain, 1-1.5 parts of rare earth waste residue and 0.5-1 part of glutamic acid; the auxiliary agent is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-12 parts of manganese sulfate, 2-3 parts of zinc sulfate, 0.02-0.1 part of ammonium molybdate, 1.5-2.5 parts of boric acid, 4.0-4.5 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 1.0-1.5 parts of magnesium sulfate and 0.5-1.2 parts of calcium nitrate.
2. The fertilizer suitable for producing selenium-rich kiwi fruits according to claim 1, wherein the organic chelated selenium is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1.3-1.7 parts of sodium selenite, 6.5-7.5 parts of sodium nitrate, 4.3-4.6 parts of brown sugar, 43-46 parts of turf, 0.3-0.4 part of EM strain, 1-1.5 parts of rare earth waste residue and 0.6-0.8 part of glutamic acid.
3. The fertilizer suitable for producing selenium-enriched kiwi fruits according to claim 1, wherein the auxiliary agent is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10.5-11.5 parts of manganese sulfate, 2.3-2.7 parts of zinc sulfate, 0.04-0.06 part of ammonium molybdate, 1.8-2.1 parts of boric acid, 4.2-4.3 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 1.2-1.3 parts of magnesium sulfate and 0.7-1.0 part of calcium nitrate.
4. The fertilizer suitable for producing selenium-enriched kiwi fruits according to claim 1, wherein the ratio of the organic chelated selenium to the auxiliary agent is 1:0.7-1 by volume.
5. The method for preparing fertilizer suitable for selenium-rich kiwi fruit production according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized by comprising the following steps:
preparing organic chelated selenium, namely taking turf, sodium nitrate, brown sugar and EM microbial inoculum according to the weight parts, mixing and fermenting the obtained active substances, adding water to dilute the active substances, adding rare earth waste residues according to the weight parts, standing for 45-50 hours, and adding selenite and glutathione according to the weight parts into a solution after filtering residues; and (3) preparing the auxiliary agent, namely adding water to dissolve manganese sulfate, zinc sulfate, ammonium molybdate, boric acid, monopotassium phosphate, magnesium sulfate and calcium nitrate respectively in parts by weight, and then adding water to dilute and mix.
6. The method as claimed in claim 5, wherein the preparation method of the organic chelated selenium comprises the steps of uniformly mixing the grass peat, the sodium nitrate, the brown sugar and the EM strain in parts by weight, fermenting in a biochemical incubator at 24-26 ℃ for 70-80 hours, taking out the fermented product, cooling to room temperature, leaching humic acid active substances in the fermented product with a mixed solution of 0.1 mol per liter of sodium hydroxide and 0.1 mol per liter of sodium pyrophosphate, adding 400 parts by weight of water into the leaching solution, adding the rare earth waste residues in parts by weight, storing for 45-50 hours, filtering the residues, taking the solution, adding selenite and glutamic cystine in parts by weight into the solution, and preparing the organic chelated selenium solution.
7. The method for preparing the fertilizer suitable for the production of selenium-enriched kiwi fruits as claimed in claim 4, wherein the preparation method of the auxiliary agent comprises the following steps of taking manganese sulfate, zinc sulfate, ammonium molybdate, boric acid, monopotassium phosphate, magnesium sulfate and calcium nitrate according to the weight parts, and sequentially adding the manganese sulfate, the zinc sulfate, the ammonium molybdate, the boric acid, the monopotassium phosphate, the magnesium sulfate and the calcium nitrate into 600 parts by weight of water under a stirring state until all the manganese sulfate, the zinc sulfate, the ammonium molybdate, the boric acid, the magnesium.
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