CN114656297B - Organic selenium fertilizer and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents

Organic selenium fertilizer and preparation method and application thereof Download PDF

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CN114656297B
CN114656297B CN202210142840.6A CN202210142840A CN114656297B CN 114656297 B CN114656297 B CN 114656297B CN 202210142840 A CN202210142840 A CN 202210142840A CN 114656297 B CN114656297 B CN 114656297B
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selenium
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CN114656297A (en
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胡萍
许勇
房钦飞
陈泽霖
张敏
阚学飞
穆光远
陈彬
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Shenzhen Batian Ecotypic Engineering Co Ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G13/00—Protecting plants
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
    • A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
    • A01G22/05—Fruit crops, e.g. strawberries, tomatoes or cucumbers
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
    • A01G22/20—Cereals
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
    • A01G22/20—Cereals
    • A01G22/22—Rice
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
    • C05B1/00—Superphosphates, i.e. fertilisers produced by reacting rock or bone phosphates with sulfuric or phosphoric acid in such amounts and concentrations as to yield solid products directly
    • C05B1/02—Superphosphates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C05G3/50—Surfactants; Emulsifiers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
    • Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures

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Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of agriculture, in particular to an organic selenium fertilizer and a preparation method and application thereof. The organic selenium fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 400-500 parts of water-soluble organic carbon, 150-200 parts of amino acid, 20-30 parts of nitrogen-phosphorus fertilizer, 20-25 parts of soluble zinc salt, 10-15 parts of manganese sulfate, 5-10 parts of ammonium molybdate, 5-10 parts of soluble ferric salt, 30-35 parts of boric acid, 25-35 parts of polypeptide selenium, 3-5 parts of xanthan gum, 2-3 parts of sodium hydroxide, 25-35 parts of a spreading agent and 100-300 parts of water. Through the mode, the stable organic selenium fertilizer with high fertilizer utilization rate can be obtained, zero residue of inorganic selenium is realized, agricultural non-point source pollution is relieved, and plant selenium absorption efficiency is increased.

Description

Organic selenium fertilizer and preparation method and application thereof
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of agriculture, in particular to an organic selenium fertilizer and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
Selenium (Se) is an important vital element in the environment, is a trace element which is necessary for human and animal bodies and cannot be synthesized by the human and animal bodies, and the excessive or deficient selenium in the environment can cause diseases of the human and animal bodies. Studies have shown that the occurrence of keshan disease and large bone node disease may be closely related to selenium deficiency. In addition, selenium has the effects of preventing cancer, resisting tumor, improving immunity and delaying aging. Studies have shown that the incidence and mortality of cancer appear to be significantly inversely related to the geographical distribution of selenium. The daily selenium intake of adults in China is only 26.63 mug, which is far lower than the recommended values of 50 mug and 60 mug of the Chinese society of nutrition and the International society of selenium. Therefore, if the basic requirement of the human body is hardly met by only relying on selenium in natural food, the low selenium state of the human body is easily caused, and potential threat is caused to the health of the human body. Researches show that under proper concentration, selenium element can promote the growth and development of crops and improve the yield and quality of the crops. Therefore, experts point out that the selenium content of crops is improved by externally applying the selenium fertilizer, so that the development of selenium-rich crops, especially the selenium-rich crops which are easy to be absorbed and utilized by human bodies, has wide development prospect.
In the long-term research and development process, the inventor of the application finds that the existing foliar selenium hypertrophy is mostly realized by directly spraying an organic selenium fertilizer or a granular selenium fertilizer, and the defects of easy rain wash loss, unstable fertilizer, larger granules, difficult absorption and the like exist, so that the selenium fertilizer absorption and utilization rate is low. In addition, most of the prior art is inorganic selenium, crops are difficult to absorb and utilize, most of the inorganic selenium remains in soil to pollute the soil, the inorganic selenium exceeds a certain limit, the inorganic selenium can be toxic to human bodies, and the product safety is low.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the above, the application provides a stable organic selenium fertilizer with high fertilizer utilization rate, and a preparation method and application thereof, so as to solve the technical problem that crops proposed in the background art are difficult to absorb and utilize the existing inorganic selenium, and most of the inorganic selenium remains in soil and pollutes the soil.
In order to solve the technical problems, one technical scheme adopted by the application is as follows: the organic selenium fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 400-500 parts of water-soluble organic carbon, 150-200 parts of amino acid, 20-30 parts of nitrogen-phosphorus fertilizer, 20-25 parts of soluble zinc salt, 10-15 parts of manganese sulfate, 5-10 parts of ammonium molybdate, 5-10 parts of soluble ferric salt, 30-35 parts of boric acid, 25-35 parts of polypeptide selenium, 3-5 parts of xanthan gum, 2-3 parts of sodium hydroxide, 25-35 parts of a spreading agent and 100-300 parts of water.
Preferably, the mass fraction of organic matters in the water-soluble organic carbon is 45-60%.
Preferably, the nitrogen-phosphorus fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-15 parts of nitrogenous fertilizer and 10-15 parts of phosphate fertilizer; the nitrogen fertilizer is at least one selected from urea, ammonium nitrate and ammonium chloride; the phosphate fertilizer is at least one selected from monoammonium phosphate, diammonium phosphate, ammonium polyphosphate, calcium superphosphate, calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, phosphoric acid and monopotassium phosphate.
Preferably, the soluble ferric salt is selected from at least one of ferrous sulfate and sodium ferric ethylenediamine tetraacetate; the soluble zinc salt is selected from at least one of zinc sulfate heptahydrate, zinc chloride or zinc oxide.
Preferably, the mass fraction of selenium in the polypeptide selenium is 0.1% -0.55%, and the mass fraction of small molecular peptides with molecular weight lower than 1000 daltons in the polypeptide selenium is more than or equal to 85%.
Preferably, the active ingredient of the spreader is a fatty acid ester surfactant.
Preferably, the organic selenium fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 400-500 parts of water-soluble organic carbon, 150-200 parts of amino acid, 20-30 parts of nitrogen-phosphorus fertilizer, 20-25 parts of zinc sulfate heptahydrate, 10-15 parts of manganese sulfate, 5-10 parts of ammonium molybdate, 5-10 parts of sodium ferric ethylenediamine tetraacetate, 30-35 parts of boric acid, 25-35 parts of polypeptide selenium, 3-5 parts of xanthan gum, 2-3 parts of sodium hydroxide, 25-35 parts of fatty acid methyl ester ethoxylate and 100-300 parts of water.
Compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the application has the following beneficial effects:
1) The water-soluble organic carbon is small-molecular water-soluble organic carbon, and can be directly absorbed by crops, and meanwhile, the absorption of inorganic nutrients can be promoted, so that the crop yield can be improved, the product quality is improved, the stress resistance is enhanced, the root system development is promoted, the fertilizer utilization rate is improved, and the soil fertilizer efficiency is improved.
2) The application uses the fatty acid methyl ester ethoxylate as the spreading agent, so that the spreading speed and the penetration speed of the organic selenium fertilizer on leaf surfaces are enhanced, the organic selenium fertilizer can easily enter plants, and the organic selenium fertilizer has good adhesiveness and is not easy to wash by rain.
3) According to the application, polypeptide selenium is used for replacing inorganic selenium in the prior art, so that zero residue of inorganic selenium (such as selenate, selenite and the like) can be realized, agricultural non-point source pollution is relieved, and toxic safety hazard is not easy to occur.
4) Because the polypeptide selenium has good water solubility, the polypeptide selenium is easy to be absorbed and utilized by plants after being sprayed on the surfaces of crops, the nutrition required by the plants can be effectively supplemented, and the selenium absorption efficiency of the plants is improved; the fertilizer can be used as a water flush fertilizer and a foliar fertilizer for water flush and foliar spray, the application range is enlarged, the fertilizer is not limited by the fertilization season, and organic nutrients required by crops can be supplemented at any time.
5) The organic selenium fertilizer is stable, and the utilization rate and fertilizer efficiency of the organic selenium fertilizer can be improved due to the unique effect of the selenium element in the polypeptide selenium after being combined with the free polypeptide.
6) The method for spraying the polypeptide selenium fertilizer on the leaf surfaces is simpler, better in effect, stable and reliable than the traditional method for applying the inorganic selenium fertilizer on the soil, can reduce a large amount of field cultivation, and saves manpower and material resources.
In order to solve the technical problems, another technical scheme adopted by the application is as follows: the preparation method of the organic selenium fertilizer comprises the following steps: weighing 20-25 parts of soluble zinc salt, 10-15 parts of manganese sulfate, 5-10 parts of ammonium molybdate, 5-10 parts of soluble ferric salt and 30-35 parts of boric acid according to parts by weight, and adding the materials into water to uniformly mix to obtain a component A; 400-500 parts of water-soluble organic carbon, 150-200 parts of amino acid and 25-35 parts of polypeptide selenium are weighed according to parts by weight and added into the component A for uniform mixing to obtain a component B; 2-3 parts of sodium hydroxide, 20-30 parts of nitrogen-phosphorus fertilizer, 3-5 parts of xanthan gum and 25-35 parts of spreading agent are weighed according to parts by weight and added into the component B for uniform mixing, so as to obtain the organic selenium fertilizer.
Compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the application has the following beneficial effects:
compared with the existing inorganic selenium fertilizer, the prepared organic selenium fertilizer has excellent stability and safety, is not easy to wash out and run away by rain, can reduce the loss rate of the selenium fertilizer, further enhances the selenium fertilizer effect, can increase the selenium absorption efficiency of plants, improves the crop quality, reduces the application amount of soil fertilizers, reduces the agricultural cost, is favorable for realizing the yield increase and the efficiency increase of agricultural production, and has wide market prospect.
In order to solve the technical problem, another technical scheme adopted by the application is as follows: the application of the organic selenium fertilizer prepared by the preparation method of the organic selenium fertilizer in the production of selenium-rich agricultural products and/or the prevention and treatment of plant diseases is provided.
Detailed Description
The following description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be made clearly and completely in connection with the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by one of ordinary skill in the art without undue burden from the present disclosure, are within the scope of the present disclosure.
The embodiment of the application provides an organic selenium fertilizer, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 400-500 parts of water-soluble organic carbon, 150-200 parts of amino acid, 20-30 parts of nitrogen-phosphorus fertilizer, 20-25 parts of soluble zinc salt, 10-15 parts of manganese sulfate, 5-10 parts of ammonium molybdate, 5-10 parts of soluble ferric salt, 30-35 parts of boric acid, 25-35 parts of polypeptide selenium, 3-5 parts of xanthan gum, 2-3 parts of sodium hydroxide, 25-35 parts of a spreading agent and 100-300 parts of water.
The water-soluble organic carbon in the embodiment of the application is specifically prepared by a preparation method in another patent CN105367142A invented by the applicant.
In certain embodiments, the mass fraction of organic matter in the water-soluble organic carbon is 45-60%. Wherein the organic matter comprises sugar, amino acid, protein, etc.
In certain embodiments, the nitrogen-phosphorus fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-15 parts of nitrogenous fertilizer and 10-15 parts of phosphate fertilizer; the nitrogen fertilizer is at least one selected from urea, ammonium nitrate and ammonium chloride; the phosphate fertilizer is at least one selected from monoammonium phosphate, diammonium phosphate, ammonium polyphosphate, calcium superphosphate, calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, phosphoric acid and monopotassium phosphate.
In certain embodiments, the soluble iron salt is selected from at least one of ferrous sulfate, sodium iron ethylenediamine tetraacetate; the soluble zinc salt is selected from at least one of zinc sulfate heptahydrate, zinc chloride or zinc oxide.
In some embodiments, the mass fraction of selenium in the polypeptide selenium is 0.1% -0.55%, and the mass fraction of small molecular peptides with molecular weight lower than 1000 daltons in the polypeptide selenium is more than or equal to 85%.
In certain embodiments, the active ingredient of the spreader is a fatty acid ester surfactant. More preferably, the fatty acid ester surfactant is a fatty acid methyl ester ethoxylate.
In certain embodiments, the organic selenium fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 400-500 parts of water-soluble organic carbon, 150-200 parts of amino acid, 20-30 parts of nitrogen-phosphorus fertilizer, 20-25 parts of zinc sulfate heptahydrate, 10-15 parts of manganese sulfate, 5-10 parts of ammonium molybdate, 5-10 parts of sodium ferric ethylenediamine tetraacetate, 30-35 parts of boric acid, 25-35 parts of polypeptide selenium, 3-5 parts of xanthan gum, 2-3 parts of sodium hydroxide, 25-35 parts of fatty acid methyl ester ethoxylate and 100-300 parts of water.
The application provides a preparation method of an organic selenium fertilizer, which comprises the following steps: weighing 20-25 parts of soluble zinc salt, 10-15 parts of manganese sulfate, 5-10 parts of ammonium molybdate, 5-10 parts of soluble ferric salt and 30-35 parts of boric acid according to parts by weight, and adding the materials into water to uniformly mix to obtain a component A; 400-500 parts of water-soluble organic carbon, 150-200 parts of amino acid and 25-35 parts of polypeptide selenium are weighed according to parts by weight and added into the component A for uniform mixing to obtain a component B; 2-3 parts of sodium hydroxide, 20-30 parts of nitrogen-phosphorus fertilizer, 3-5 parts of xanthan gum and 25-35 parts of spreading agent are weighed according to parts by weight and added into the component B for uniform mixing, so as to obtain the organic selenium fertilizer.
The application also provides an application of the organic selenium fertilizer or the organic selenium fertilizer prepared by the preparation method of the organic selenium fertilizer in the production of selenium-rich agricultural products and/or the prevention and treatment of plant diseases.
Compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the application has the advantages and positive effects that:
1) The water-soluble organic carbon is small-molecular water-soluble organic carbon, and can be directly absorbed by crops, and meanwhile, the absorption of inorganic nutrients can be promoted, so that the crop yield can be improved, the product quality is improved, the stress resistance is enhanced, the root system development is promoted, the fertilizer utilization rate is improved, and the soil fertilizer efficiency is improved.
2) The application uses the fatty acid methyl ester ethoxylate as the spreading agent, so that the spreading speed and the penetration speed of the organic selenium fertilizer on leaf surfaces are enhanced, the organic selenium fertilizer can easily enter plants, and the organic selenium fertilizer has good adhesiveness and is not easy to wash by rain.
3) According to the application, polypeptide selenium is used for replacing inorganic selenium in the prior art, so that zero residue of inorganic selenium (such as selenate, selenite and the like) can be realized, agricultural non-point source pollution can be relieved, and toxic safety hazard is not easy to occur.
4) Because the polypeptide selenium has good water solubility, the polypeptide selenium is easy to be absorbed and utilized by plants after being sprayed on the surfaces of crops, the nutrition required by the plants can be effectively supplemented, and the selenium absorption efficiency of the plants is improved; the fertilizer can be used as a water flush fertilizer and a foliar fertilizer for water flush and foliar spray, the application range is enlarged, the fertilizer is not limited by the fertilization season, and organic nutrients required by crops can be supplemented at any time.
5) The organic selenium fertilizer is stable, and the utilization rate and fertilizer efficiency of the organic selenium fertilizer can be improved due to the unique effect of the selenium element in the polypeptide selenium after being combined with the free polypeptide.
6) The method for spraying the polypeptide selenium fertilizer on the leaf surfaces is simpler, better in effect, stable and reliable than the traditional method for applying the inorganic selenium fertilizer on the soil, can reduce a large amount of field cultivation, and saves manpower and material resources.
7) Compared with the existing inorganic selenium fertilizer, the prepared organic selenium fertilizer has excellent stability and safety, is not easy to wash out and run away by rain, can reduce the loss rate of the selenium fertilizer, further enhances the selenium fertilizer effect, can increase the selenium absorption efficiency of plants, improves the crop quality, reduces the application amount of soil fertilizers, reduces the agricultural cost, is favorable for realizing the yield increase and the efficiency increase of agricultural production, and has wide market prospect.
The following describes the technical solution of the present application in detail with specific examples, but should not be construed as limiting the present application.
Example 1
An organic selenium fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 400 parts of water-soluble organic carbon, 150 parts of amino acid, 20 parts of nitrogen-phosphorus fertilizer, 20 parts of zinc sulfate heptahydrate, 10 parts of manganese sulfate, 5 parts of ammonium molybdate, 5 parts of ferric sodium ethylenediamine tetraacetate, 30 parts of boric acid, 25 parts of polypeptide selenium, 3 parts of xanthan gum, 2 parts of sodium hydroxide, 30 parts of fatty acid methyl ester ethoxylate and 300 parts of water.
The preparation method of the organic selenium fertilizer comprises the following steps: (1) weighing corresponding raw materials according to the requirements of the components; (2) Putting zinc sulfate heptahydrate, manganese sulfate, ammonium molybdate, sodium ferric ethylenediamine tetraacetate and boric acid into a reaction kettle, adding water, stirring for 20 minutes, and rotating at 200 revolutions per minute; (3) Adding water-soluble organic carbon, amino acid and polypeptide selenium into a reaction kettle, and continuously stirring for 20 minutes at a rotating speed of 200 revolutions per minute; (4) And adding sodium hydroxide, nitrogen-phosphorus fertilizer, xanthan gum and fatty acid methyl ester ethoxylate into a reaction kettle, and continuously stirring for 20 minutes at the rotating speed of 200 revolutions per minute to obtain the organic selenium fertilizer.
Example 2
An organic selenium fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 400 parts of water-soluble organic carbon, 150 parts of amino acid, 20 parts of nitrogen-phosphorus fertilizer, 20 parts of zinc sulfate heptahydrate, 10 parts of manganese sulfate, 5 parts of ammonium molybdate, 5 parts of sodium iron ethylenediamine tetraacetate, 30 parts of boric acid, 30 parts of polypeptide selenium, 3 parts of xanthan gum, 2 parts of sodium hydroxide, 30 parts of fatty acid methyl ester ethoxylate and 295 parts of water.
The preparation method of the organic selenium fertilizer comprises the following steps: (1) weighing corresponding raw materials according to the requirements of the components; (2) Putting zinc sulfate heptahydrate, manganese sulfate, ammonium molybdate, sodium ferric ethylenediamine tetraacetate and boric acid into a reaction kettle, adding water, stirring for 20 minutes, and rotating at 200 revolutions per minute; (3) Adding water-soluble organic carbon, amino acid and polypeptide selenium into a reaction kettle, and continuously stirring for 20 minutes at a rotating speed of 200 revolutions per minute; (4) And adding sodium hydroxide, nitrogen-phosphorus fertilizer, xanthan gum and fatty acid methyl ester ethoxylate into a reaction kettle, and continuously stirring for 20 minutes at the rotating speed of 200 revolutions per minute to obtain the organic selenium fertilizer.
Example 3
An organic selenium fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 400 parts of water-soluble organic carbon, 150 parts of amino acid, 20 parts of nitrogen-phosphorus fertilizer, 20 parts of zinc sulfate heptahydrate, 10 parts of manganese sulfate, 5 parts of ammonium molybdate, 5 parts of ferric sodium ethylenediamine tetraacetate, 30 parts of boric acid, 35 parts of polypeptide selenium, 3 parts of xanthan gum, 2 parts of sodium hydroxide, 30 parts of fatty acid methyl ester ethoxylate and 290 parts of water.
The preparation method of the organic selenium fertilizer comprises the following steps: (1) weighing corresponding raw materials according to the requirements of the components; (2) Putting zinc sulfate heptahydrate, manganese sulfate, ammonium molybdate, sodium ferric ethylenediamine tetraacetate and boric acid into a reaction kettle, adding water, stirring for 20 minutes, and rotating at 200 revolutions per minute; (3) Adding water-soluble organic carbon, amino acid and polypeptide selenium into a reaction kettle, and continuously stirring for 20 minutes at a rotating speed of 200 revolutions per minute; (4) And adding sodium hydroxide, nitrogen-phosphorus fertilizer, xanthan gum and fatty acid methyl ester ethoxylate into a reaction kettle, and continuously stirring for 20 minutes at the rotating speed of 200 revolutions per minute to obtain the organic selenium fertilizer.
Comparative example 1
An inorganic selenium fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 400 parts of water-soluble organic carbon, 150 parts of amino acid, 20 parts of nitrogen-phosphorus fertilizer, 20 parts of zinc sulfate heptahydrate, 10 parts of manganese sulfate, 5 parts of ammonium molybdate, 5 parts of ferric sodium ethylenediamine tetraacetate, 30 parts of boric acid, 25 parts of sodium selenite, 3 parts of xanthan gum, 2 parts of sodium hydroxide, 30 parts of fatty acid methyl ester ethoxylate and 300 parts of water.
The preparation method of the inorganic selenium fertilizer comprises the following steps: (1) weighing corresponding raw materials according to the requirements of the components; (2) Putting zinc sulfate heptahydrate, manganese sulfate, ammonium molybdate, sodium ferric ethylenediamine tetraacetate and boric acid into a reaction kettle, adding water, stirring for 20 minutes, and rotating at 200 revolutions per minute; (3) Adding water-soluble organic carbon, amino acid and polypeptide selenium into a reaction kettle, and continuously stirring for 20 minutes at a rotating speed of 200 revolutions per minute; (4) And adding sodium hydroxide, nitrogen-phosphorus fertilizer, xanthan gum and fatty acid methyl ester ethoxylate into a reaction kettle, and continuously stirring for 20 minutes at the rotating speed of 200 revolutions per minute to obtain the inorganic selenium fertilizer.
Comparative example 2
An inorganic selenium fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 400 parts of water-soluble organic carbon, 150 parts of amino acid, 20 parts of nitrogen-phosphorus fertilizer, 20 parts of zinc sulfate heptahydrate, 10 parts of manganese sulfate, 5 parts of ammonium molybdate, 5 parts of ferric sodium ethylenediamine tetraacetate, 30 parts of boric acid, 30 parts of sodium selenite, 3 parts of xanthan gum, 2 parts of sodium hydroxide, 30 parts of fatty acid methyl ester ethoxylate and 295 parts of water.
The preparation method of the inorganic selenium fertilizer comprises the following steps: (1) weighing corresponding raw materials according to the requirements of the components; (2) Putting zinc sulfate heptahydrate, manganese sulfate, ammonium molybdate, sodium ferric ethylenediamine tetraacetate and boric acid into a reaction kettle, adding water, stirring for 20 minutes, and rotating at 200 revolutions per minute; (3) Adding water-soluble organic carbon, amino acid and polypeptide selenium into a reaction kettle, and continuously stirring for 20 minutes at a rotating speed of 200 revolutions per minute; (4) And adding sodium hydroxide, nitrogen-phosphorus fertilizer, xanthan gum and fatty acid methyl ester ethoxylate into a reaction kettle, and continuously stirring for 20 minutes at the rotating speed of 200 revolutions per minute to obtain the inorganic selenium fertilizer.
Comparative example 3
An inorganic selenium fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 400 parts of water-soluble organic carbon, 150 parts of amino acid, 20 parts of nitrogen-phosphorus fertilizer, 20 parts of zinc sulfate heptahydrate, 10 parts of manganese sulfate, 5 parts of ammonium molybdate, 5 parts of ferric sodium ethylenediamine tetraacetate, 30 parts of boric acid, 35 parts of sodium selenite, 3 parts of xanthan gum, 2 parts of sodium hydroxide, 30 parts of fatty acid methyl ester ethoxylate and 290 parts of water.
The preparation method of the inorganic selenium fertilizer comprises the following steps: (1) weighing corresponding raw materials according to the requirements of the components; (2) Putting zinc sulfate heptahydrate, manganese sulfate, ammonium molybdate, sodium ferric ethylenediamine tetraacetate and boric acid into a reaction kettle, adding water, stirring for 20 minutes, and rotating at 200 revolutions per minute; (3) Adding water-soluble organic carbon, amino acid and polypeptide selenium into a reaction kettle, and continuously stirring for 20 minutes at a rotating speed of 200 revolutions per minute; (4) And adding sodium hydroxide, nitrogen-phosphorus fertilizer, xanthan gum and fatty acid methyl ester ethoxylate into a reaction kettle, and continuously stirring for 20 minutes at the rotating speed of 200 revolutions per minute to obtain the inorganic selenium fertilizer.
The method comprises the steps of taking water spinach as a test material, mixing the inorganic selenium fertilizer of comparative examples 1-3 and the organic selenium fertilizer of examples 1-3 according to the weight ratio of 0.75g/100 plant, diluting 500 times, spraying once every 7 days, and spraying the whole growing period. The relevant quality index at the final harvest is shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 quality index
As shown in Table 1, the application of the organic selenium fertilizer can promote the absorption and utilization of selenium of the water spinach, remarkably enhance the selenium-rich effect of crops, improve the conversion rate of the organic selenium, ensure that the selenium is more safe, and further relieve the pollution of agricultural non-point sources; the organic selenium fertilizer can also improve the content of the vitamin C in the water spinach and improve the nutritional quality of crops.
Example 4
An organic selenium fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 400 parts of water-soluble micromolecular organic carbon liquid, 150 parts of amino acid powder, 20 parts of nitrogen-phosphorus fertilizer, 20 parts of zinc sulfate heptahydrate, 10 parts of manganese sulfate, 5 parts of ammonium molybdate, 5 parts of ferric sodium ethylenediamine tetraacetate, 30 parts of boric acid, 30 parts of polypeptide selenium, 3 parts of xanthan gum, 2 parts of sodium hydroxide, 25 parts of fatty acid methyl ester ethoxylate and 300 parts of water.
The preparation method of the organic selenium fertilizer comprises the following steps: (1) weighing corresponding raw materials according to the requirements of the components; (2) Putting zinc sulfate heptahydrate, manganese sulfate, ammonium molybdate, sodium ferric ethylenediamine tetraacetate and boric acid into a reaction kettle, adding water, stirring for 20 minutes, and rotating at 200 revolutions per minute; (3) Adding the water-soluble micromolecular organic carbon liquid, the amino acid powder and the polypeptide selenium into a reaction kettle, and continuously stirring for 20 minutes at the rotating speed of 200 revolutions per minute; (4) And adding sodium hydroxide, nitrogen-phosphorus fertilizer, xanthan gum and fatty acid methyl ester ethoxylate into a reaction kettle, and continuously stirring for 20 minutes at the rotating speed of 200 revolutions per minute to obtain the organic selenium fertilizer.
Example 5
An organic selenium fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 400 parts of water-soluble micromolecular organic carbon liquid, 150 parts of amino acid powder, 20 parts of nitrogen-phosphorus fertilizer, 20 parts of zinc sulfate heptahydrate, 10 parts of manganese sulfate, 5 parts of ammonium molybdate, 5 parts of ferric sodium ethylenediamine tetraacetate, 30 parts of boric acid, 30 parts of polypeptide selenium, 3 parts of xanthan gum, 2 parts of sodium hydroxide, 30 parts of fatty acid methyl ester ethoxylate and 295 parts of water.
The preparation method of the organic selenium fertilizer comprises the following steps: (1) weighing corresponding raw materials according to the requirements of the components; (2) Putting zinc sulfate heptahydrate, manganese sulfate, ammonium molybdate, sodium ferric ethylenediamine tetraacetate and boric acid into a reaction kettle, adding water, stirring for 20 minutes, and rotating at 200 revolutions per minute; (3) Adding the water-soluble micromolecular organic carbon liquid, the amino acid powder and the polypeptide selenium into a reaction kettle, and continuously stirring for 20 minutes at the rotating speed of 200 revolutions per minute; (4) And adding sodium hydroxide, nitrogen-phosphorus fertilizer, xanthan gum and fatty acid methyl ester ethoxylate into a reaction kettle, and continuously stirring for 20 minutes at the rotating speed of 200 revolutions per minute to obtain the organic selenium fertilizer.
Example 6
An organic selenium fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 400 parts of water-soluble micromolecular organic carbon liquid, 150 parts of amino acid powder, 20 parts of nitrogen-phosphorus fertilizer, 20 parts of zinc sulfate heptahydrate, 10 parts of manganese sulfate, 5 parts of ammonium molybdate, 5 parts of ferric sodium ethylenediamine tetraacetate, 30 parts of boric acid, 30 parts of polypeptide selenium, 3 parts of xanthan gum, 2 parts of sodium hydroxide, 35 parts of fatty acid methyl ester ethoxylate and 290 parts of water.
The preparation method of the organic selenium fertilizer comprises the following steps: (1) weighing corresponding raw materials according to the requirements of the components; (2) Putting zinc sulfate heptahydrate, manganese sulfate, ammonium molybdate, sodium ferric ethylenediamine tetraacetate and boric acid into a reaction kettle, adding water, stirring for 20 minutes, and rotating at 200 revolutions per minute; (3) Adding the water-soluble micromolecular organic carbon liquid, the amino acid powder and the polypeptide selenium into a reaction kettle, and continuously stirring for 20 minutes at the rotating speed of 200 revolutions per minute; (4) And adding sodium hydroxide, nitrogen-phosphorus fertilizer, xanthan gum and fatty acid methyl ester ethoxylate into a reaction kettle, and continuously stirring for 20 minutes at the rotating speed of 200 revolutions per minute to obtain the organic selenium fertilizer.
Comparative example 4
An organic selenium fertilizer using azone as a spreader comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 400 parts of water-soluble micromolecular organic carbon liquid, 150 parts of amino acid powder, 20 parts of nitrogen-phosphorus fertilizer, 20 parts of zinc sulfate heptahydrate, 10 parts of manganese sulfate, 5 parts of ammonium molybdate, 5 parts of ferric sodium ethylenediamine tetraacetate, 30 parts of boric acid, 30 parts of polypeptide selenium, 3 parts of xanthan gum, 2 parts of sodium hydroxide, 25 parts of azone and 300 parts of water.
The preparation method of the organic selenium fertilizer using azone as the spreader comprises the following steps: (1) weighing corresponding raw materials according to the requirements of the components; (2) Putting zinc sulfate heptahydrate, manganese sulfate, ammonium molybdate, sodium ferric ethylenediamine tetraacetate and boric acid into a reaction kettle, adding water, stirring for 20 minutes, and rotating at 200 revolutions per minute; (3) Adding the water-soluble micromolecular organic carbon liquid, the amino acid powder and the polypeptide selenium into a reaction kettle, and continuously stirring for 20 minutes at the rotating speed of 200 revolutions per minute; (4) And adding sodium hydroxide, nitrogen-phosphorus fertilizer, xanthan gum and azone into a reaction kettle, and continuously stirring for 20 minutes at the rotating speed of 200 revolutions per minute to obtain the organic selenium fertilizer using azone as the spreader.
Comparative example 5
An organic selenium fertilizer using azone as a spreader comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 400 parts of water-soluble micromolecular organic carbon liquid, 150 parts of amino acid powder, 20 parts of nitrogen-phosphorus fertilizer, 20 parts of zinc sulfate heptahydrate, 10 parts of manganese sulfate, 5 parts of ammonium molybdate, 5 parts of ferric sodium ethylenediamine tetraacetate, 30 parts of boric acid, 30 parts of polypeptide selenium, 3 parts of xanthan gum, 2 parts of sodium hydroxide, 30 parts of azone and 295 parts of water.
The preparation method of the organic selenium fertilizer using azone as the spreader comprises the following steps: (1) weighing corresponding raw materials according to the requirements of the components; (2) Putting zinc sulfate heptahydrate, manganese sulfate, ammonium molybdate, sodium ferric ethylenediamine tetraacetate and boric acid into a reaction kettle, adding water, stirring for 20 minutes, and rotating at 200 revolutions per minute; (3) Adding the water-soluble micromolecular organic carbon liquid, the amino acid powder and the polypeptide selenium into a reaction kettle, and continuously stirring for 20 minutes at the rotating speed of 200 revolutions per minute; (4) And adding sodium hydroxide, nitrogen-phosphorus fertilizer, xanthan gum and azone into a reaction kettle, and continuously stirring for 20 minutes at the rotating speed of 200 revolutions per minute to obtain the organic selenium fertilizer using azone as the spreader.
Comparative example 6
An organic selenium fertilizer using azone as a spreader comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 400 parts of water-soluble micromolecular organic carbon liquid, 150 parts of amino acid powder, 20 parts of nitrogen-phosphorus fertilizer, 20 parts of zinc sulfate heptahydrate, 10 parts of manganese sulfate, 5 parts of ammonium molybdate, 5 parts of ferric sodium ethylenediamine tetraacetate, 30 parts of boric acid, 30 parts of polypeptide selenium, 3 parts of xanthan gum, 2 parts of sodium hydroxide, 35 parts of azone and 290 parts of water.
The preparation method of the organic selenium fertilizer using azone as the spreader comprises the following steps: (1) weighing corresponding raw materials according to the requirements of the components; (2) Putting zinc sulfate heptahydrate, manganese sulfate, ammonium molybdate, sodium ferric ethylenediamine tetraacetate and boric acid into a reaction kettle, adding water, stirring for 20 minutes, and rotating at 200 revolutions per minute; (3) Adding the water-soluble micromolecular organic carbon liquid, the amino acid powder and the polypeptide selenium into a reaction kettle, and continuously stirring for 20 minutes at the rotating speed of 200 revolutions per minute; (4) And adding sodium hydroxide, nitrogen-phosphorus fertilizer, xanthan gum and azone into a reaction kettle, and continuously stirring for 20 minutes at the rotating speed of 200 revolutions per minute to obtain the organic selenium fertilizer using azone as the spreader.
The Shanghai green is taken as a test material, and the organic selenium fertilizer using azone as a spreader in comparative examples 4-6 and the organic selenium fertilizer in examples 4-6 are mixed according to the amount of 0.75g/100 plant, diluted by 500 times and sprayed once every 7 days for the whole growing period. The accumulation amounts of B, fe and Zn at the final harvest are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2B accumulation of Fe and Zn (mg/100 g)
As shown in Table 2, the accumulation amounts of Shanghai green B, fe and Zn in the treatments of spray examples 4 to 6 were all significantly increased as compared with the treatments of spray comparative examples 4 to 6. The organic selenium fertilizer provided by the invention can obviously increase the accumulation of B, fe and Zn elements in Shanghai green, and has the advantages of difficult rainwash loss, long fertilizer efficiency time and high fertilizer utilization rate.
From the above tables 1-2, it is obvious that the indexes of the organic selenium fertilizer provided by the application for treating the Shanghai green and the water spinach of crops are better than those of the comparative example, so that the obvious effects of improving the fertilizer utilization rate, enhancing the selenium-rich effect of the crops, relieving the pollution of agricultural non-point sources and improving the quality of the crops can be fully verified by adopting the organic selenium fertilizer provided by the application.
The foregoing is merely an embodiment of the present application, and is not intended to limit the scope of the patent application, and all equivalent structures or equivalent processes using the content of the present application or direct or indirect application in other related technical fields are included in the scope of the patent protection of the present application.

Claims (6)

1. The organic selenium fertilizer is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 400-500 parts of water-soluble organic carbon, 150-200 parts of amino acid, 20-30 parts of nitrogen-phosphorus fertilizer, 20-25 parts of zinc sulfate heptahydrate, 10-15 parts of manganese sulfate, 5-10 parts of ammonium molybdate, 5-10 parts of sodium ferric ethylenediamine tetraacetate, 30-35 parts of boric acid, 25-35 parts of polypeptide selenium, 3-5 parts of xanthan gum, 2-3 parts of sodium hydroxide, 25-35 parts of fatty acid methyl ester ethoxylate and 100-300 parts of water;
the mass fraction of selenium in the polypeptide selenium is 0.1% -0.55%, and the mass fraction of small molecular peptide with molecular weight lower than 1000 daltons in the polypeptide selenium is more than or equal to 85%.
2. The organic selenium fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein the mass fraction of organic matters in the water-soluble organic carbon is 45-60%.
3. The organic selenium fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein the nitrogen-phosphorus fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-15 parts of nitrogenous fertilizer and 10-15 parts of phosphate fertilizer; the nitrogen fertilizer is at least one selected from urea, ammonium nitrate and ammonium chloride; the phosphate fertilizer is at least one selected from monoammonium phosphate, diammonium phosphate, ammonium polyphosphate, calcium superphosphate, calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, phosphoric acid and monopotassium phosphate.
4. A method for preparing the organic selenium fertilizer as claimed in any one of claims 1-3, comprising the steps of: weighing 20-25 parts of zinc sulfate heptahydrate, 10-15 parts of manganese sulfate, 5-10 parts of ammonium molybdate, 5-10 parts of sodium iron ethylenediamine tetraacetate and 30-35 parts of boric acid according to parts by weight, adding the materials into water, and uniformly mixing to obtain a component A; 400-500 parts of water-soluble organic carbon, 150-200 parts of amino acid and 25-35 parts of polypeptide selenium are weighed according to parts by weight and added into the component A for uniform mixing to obtain a component B; 2-3 parts of sodium hydroxide, 20-30 parts of nitrogen-phosphorus fertilizer, 3-5 parts of xanthan gum and 25-35 parts of fatty acid methyl ester ethoxylate are weighed according to parts by weight and added into the component B for uniform mixing, so that the organic selenium fertilizer is obtained.
5. Use of an organic selenium fertilizer according to any one of claims 1-3 or an organic selenium fertilizer prepared by the preparation method of an organic selenium fertilizer according to claim 4 in the production of selenium-enriched agricultural products and/or the prevention and treatment of plant diseases.
6. The use of the organic selenium fertilizer according to claim 5 in the production of selenium-rich agricultural products and/or the prevention and treatment of plant diseases, wherein the selenium-rich agricultural products are any one of selenium-rich rice, selenium-rich tea, selenium-rich flour, selenium-rich black fungus, selenium-rich green pepper, selenium-rich apples or selenium-rich tomatoes.
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