CN112913734B - Method for hatching natural egg masses of viscous eggs - Google Patents
Method for hatching natural egg masses of viscous eggs Download PDFInfo
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- CN112913734B CN112913734B CN202110146265.2A CN202110146265A CN112913734B CN 112913734 B CN112913734 B CN 112913734B CN 202110146265 A CN202110146265 A CN 202110146265A CN 112913734 B CN112913734 B CN 112913734B
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
- A01K61/17—Hatching, e.g. incubators
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a method for hatching natural egg masses of viscous eggs, which is characterized in that a hatching device for hatching the natural egg masses of the viscous eggs is cleaned and disinfected and then is placed in a hatching pool, and the water adding amount of hatching water in the hatching pool is not more than the upper edge of a water baffle; and lightly putting the natural egg blocks into an incubation mesh bag for incubation. The hatching device comprises a hatching water tank wall and a spiral loop formed by the hatching water tank wall; a water inlet device is arranged at the center of the spiral loop; and an artificial algal reef is arranged in the spiral loop; a water baffle is arranged at the water outlet end of the spiral loop. Furthermore, the artificial algal reef comprises an artificial algal stem and an artificial algal leaf arranged on the artificial algal stem, and the artificial algal leaf is also provided with an incubation mesh bag. The method provided by the invention fully simulates the incubation conditions of the fertilized egg masses in the reef area of the fish in the natural sea area, and the incubation success rate is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of fish fertilized egg incubation, and particularly relates to a method for incubating natural egg masses of viscous eggs.
Background
Hexagrammos otakii, Trachidermus fasciatus, Hemithripterus villosus and other rock fishes produce viscous eggs, and under natural conditions, female fishes select proper egg laying bases to lay eggs, such as waterweeds, seaweeds or rock reefs, and the egg membrane surface layer of the eggs shows extremely high viscosity after meeting water and is attached to the egg laying bases in a block mass shape. In the fertilization and hatching process of the viscous eggs, some kinds of male fishes can show obvious egg protection behaviors, including expelling and attacking invaders, strengthening the nursing of the fertilized eggs, timely cleaning attachments on egg blocks and the like, so that the hatching rate of the fertilized eggs is improved.
The adhesive eggs generally have the characteristics of easy adhesion and connection blocks, long incubation time and the like, which bring a lot of difficulties to the artificial breeding work of the economic fishes such as greenling producing the adhesive eggs, for example, the surface layer structure of the egg membrane reacts with water to cause the adhesive eggs to lose fertilization capability in a short time, the internal gas exchange of the egg blocks is difficult to cause the decrease of the incubation rate and the like. In order to solve the above problems, the currently adopted method is a debonding incubation method, i.e. firstly, debonding is performed by a physical or chemical method, and then, fertilized eggs are incubated. However, both physical detackification and chemical detackification may cause some damage to the fertilized eggs, and the detackification method is no longer applicable to the natural egg masses of the fertilized eggs that have been formed into blocks. The natural egg blocks of the adhesive eggs are not adhered in the hatching pond and are directly hatched, the water body of the hatching pond is small, the flow rate is low, the fertilized eggs in the egg blocks are easy to lack oxygen to form dead eggs, the surfaces of the egg blocks are easy to pollute and mildew, and therefore the hatching success rate is greatly reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention aims to provide a device and a method for hatching a natural egg mass of a viscous egg, which can simulate the hatching conditions of the viscous egg in a natural environment and improve the success rate of hatching the natural egg mass of the viscous egg.
The method for hatching the natural oosperm of the viscous eggs comprises the steps of placing a hatching device for hatching the natural oosperm of the viscous eggs in a hatching pool after cleaning and sterilizing, wherein the water adding amount of hatching water in the hatching pool is not more than the upper edge of a water baffle; lightly putting the natural egg blocks into an incubation mesh bag for incubation;
wherein the hatching water is filtered to keep the dissolved oxygen more than or equal to 6mg/L, and the regulated water inflow rate is between 6 and 10L/min;
taking out natural egg masses every 3-5 days during incubation, soaking the natural egg masses in clean seawater containing antibiotics or antibacterial peptides for 10-15 min, then cleaning dirt on the surfaces of the egg masses, and putting the egg masses back to the incubation device for incubation continuously after cleaning;
and (3) cleaning eggs and other dirt falling off from the bottom of the hatching device by a siphon method every 2-3 days during hatching.
The amino acid sequence of the antibacterial peptide is SEQ ID NO: 1:
IHSILSCRGCCCNKSRDCCTDCKGPCCFK。
the natural oosperm hatching device for the viscous eggs used by the method comprises a hatching water tank wall 1 and a spiral loop 5 formed by the hatching water tank wall 1; a water inlet device 3 is arranged at the central position of the spiral loop 5; and the artificial algal reef 2 is arranged in the spiral loop 5; a water baffle 4 is arranged at the water outlet end of the spiral loop 5;
furthermore, the artificial algal reef 2 comprises an artificial algal stem 2-1 and an artificial algal leaf 2-2 arranged on the artificial algal stem 2-1, and the artificial algal leaf 2-2 is also provided with an incubation mesh bag 2-3;
The artificial algal reef 2 is arranged in the spiral loop 5 through a fixed rod 6 and a base 7;
the artificial algae leaves 2-2 are in a hollowed-out net structure so as to reduce the blockage of water flow; the material is plastic, rubber or other flexible materials.
Furthermore, the water inlet device 3 comprises a water outlet hole 3-1 and a valve 3-2.
The upper edge of the water baffle 4 is not higher than the lowest height of the spiral loop 5; and the water baffle is provided with water permeable holes with the diameter of 5-10 mm.
The hatching device used in the method of the invention suspends fertilized egg masses in the middle layer of the water body of the hatching device, the mutual spacing distance is far, and the artificial algae leaves are in a net structure and have better water permeability. After water flow is applied from one direction, water exchange around the egg block is sufficient, and dissolved oxygen can be fully guaranteed in the hatching process of the fertilized eggs. The method provided by the invention fully simulates the incubation conditions of the fertilized egg masses in the reef area of the fish in the natural sea area, and the incubation success rate is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the hatching device for the natural egg mass of the viscous egg;
FIG. 2 is a top view of the natural oosperm block hatching device for the myxoid eggs;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of the artificial algal reef and the fixing device thereof;
In the figure: 1. the wall of the hatching water tank; 2. an artificial algal reef; 3. a water inlet device; 4. a water baffle; 5. a helical loop; 6. fixing the rod; 7. a base; 2-1, artificial algal stems; 2-2, artificial algae leaves; 2-3, hatching a mesh bag; 3-1, water outlet holes; 3-2 and a valve.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific examples.
EXAMPLE 1 preparation of an incubation device
As shown in figures 1 and 2, the natural clod hatching device for the viscous eggs is composed of a hatching water tank wall 1, an artificial algal reef 2, a water inlet device 3 and a water baffle 4. Wherein, the appearance of the hatching water tank 1 is a reel-shaped structure, the diameter is 60-120 cm, and the height is 40-80 cm. The inner cavity of the hatching water tank wall 1 is an outward spiral loop 5, and the width of the spiral loop 5 is 15-30 cm. The center of the hatching water tank wall 1 is provided with a water inlet device 3, the water inlet device 3 is provided with a plurality of water outlet holes 3-1 which are vertically arranged, and a valve 3-2 is arranged above the water inlet device and is used for controlling the water flow in the direction extending towards the spiral loop. The tail end of a spiral loop 5 of the hatching water tank wall 1 is provided with a water baffle 4, the upper edge of the water baffle 4 is lower than the upper edge of the spiral loop 5, the bottom and the left side and the right side of the water baffle 4 are both closed with the spiral loop 5, the middle upper part of the water baffle 4 is provided with a plurality of small holes, the diameter of each small hole is 5-10 mm, and the newly hatched fries can swim out of the hatching device along with water flow through the small holes in the water baffle 4 and the upper part of the water baffle. A plurality of artificial algal reefs 2 are arranged in the spiral loop 5, and natural egg masses are fixed on the artificial algal reefs 2 for hatching.
As shown in fig. 1 and 3, the artificial algal reef 2 is composed of an artificial algal stem 2-1, an artificial algal leaf 2-2 and an incubation mesh bag 2-3, the artificial algal stem 2-1 is vertically fixed in a spiral loop 5 of an incubation water tank 1 through a fixing rod 6 above and a base 7 below, a plurality of artificial algal leaves 2-2 are fixed on each artificial algal stem 2-1, and the artificial algal leaves 2-2 are made of polyethylene mesh sheets, can maintain a certain shape and have good water permeability. One or a plurality of hatching mesh bags 2-3 are fixed on one side of the artificial algae leaf 2-2, the hatching mesh bags 2-3 are soft and elastic, and natural egg blocks are filled in the hatching mesh bags 2-3 for hatching. The artificial algal reef 2 is easily detached from the hatching tank wall 1 so as to be cleaned and sterilized at any time.
EXAMPLE 2 incubation of Natural oods of mucinous eggs Using an incubation device
Collecting fertilized egg blocks of hexagrammos otakii from a natural sea area at the bottom of 10 months to 11 months, or obtaining the fertilized egg blocks in an artificial environment, incubating in the natural egg block incubating device for viscous eggs for 18-20 days, wherein the artificial incubation step comprises the following steps:
(1) the greenling fertilized egg piece hatching device is cleaned and sterilized and then is fixed in a hatching pool, so that the upper edge of a water baffle of the hatching device is flush with the water surface of the hatching pool or slightly higher than the water surface of the hatching pool by 1-2 cm.
(2) The incubation temperature is 16 ℃, the salinity is 30, the pH value is 7.0-8.0, the incubation water is filtered and continuously aerated, and the dissolved oxygen is kept to be more than or equal to 6 mg/L.
(3) And (3) lightly placing fertilized egg blocks of hexagrammos otakii into an incubation mesh bag for incubation, and adjusting a valve to control the inflow of water to be 6-10L/min.
(4) During the incubation period, the egg blocks are taken out every 3-5 days, the egg blocks are placed into 10mg/L florfenicol solution to be soaked for 10-15 min, then dirt on the surfaces of the egg blocks is slightly removed through a soft brush, and the egg blocks are placed back to the incubation device after being cleaned. And cleaning dead eggs and other dirt falling off from the bottom of the hatching device by a siphoning method every 2-3 days.
(5) And checking the hatching condition of the fertilized eggs every day, and timely cleaning hatched or dead and deteriorated egg masses.
In 2020 and 11 months to 12 months, a greenling natural egg block fertilized egg hatching test is carried out by using the device and the method, the experimental site is a pilot test base of a institute of oceanic biology, Shandong province, the number of fertilized eggs is about 2.5 ten thousand, the weight of a single egg block is about 12.0g, the hatching time is 18 days in total, 1.63 ten thousand tails of newly hatched fries are obtained in total after the test is finished, and the hatching success rate is 65.2%. Meanwhile, a contrast test was carried out using a square hatching tank having the dimensions of length, width and height
The method comprises the steps of putting fertilized egg blocks at the bottom of an incubation tank in a dispersed manner, incubating the fertilized egg blocks in the incubation tank under the same seawater condition, incubating the fertilized egg blocks in flowing water with the water inflow of 6-10L/min, and incubating the fertilized egg blocks in the incubation tank for 18 days at the incubation rate of 23.5% in an incubation test of a square incubation tank. Therefore, compared with the traditional square hatching tank hatching, the hatching device and the hatching method provided by the invention can obviously improve the hatching success rate of the hexagrammos otakii.
Table 1: comparison of hatching effects of fertilized egg blocks of hexagrammos otakii in 2020 in different hatching modes
Hatching test 2 the natural egg mass hatching device and the hatching method for the viscous eggs are basically consistent with the hatching test 1, and the main difference is that in the method, antibacterial peptide is used for replacing florfenicol solution for sterilization and disinfection, and the amino acid sequence of the antibacterial peptide is
IHSILSCRGCCCNSRDTDCGPCCFK (SEQ ID NO:1), which has significant inhibitory activity against Aeromonas hydrophila, Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Edwardsiella tarda (Table 2).
Table 2: minimum inhibitory concentration of antibacterial peptide on various aquatic pathogenic bacteria
The concentration of the antibacterial peptide in the medicated bath is 50mg/L, the medicated bath is carried out for 1 time every 3-5 days during the incubation period, the medicated bath time is 10-15 min, then dirt on the surface of the egg mass is slightly removed through a soft brush, and the egg mass is placed back to the incubation device after being cleaned. After 18-day greenling natural egg block fertilized egg incubation test, the incubation success rate is counted to be 68.4%. Therefore, the antibacterial peptide screened by the invention can effectively inhibit the breeding of pathogenic bacteria, improve the hatching success rate of natural egg masses of the greenling, and can be used as an effective substitute of antibiotics; but also meets the requirement of reducing the use of antibiotics in the field of aquaculture.
Collecting fertilized egg blocks of spotted head fish from a natural sea area in 10 months per year to 1 month next year, or obtaining the fertilized egg blocks in an artificial environment, hatching in the natural viscous egg block hatching device for 20-26 days, wherein the artificial hatching step is as follows:
(1) the spotted-head fish fertilized egg piece hatching device is cleaned and disinfected and then is fixed in a hatching pool, so that the upper edge of a water baffle of the hatching device is flush with the water surface of the hatching pool or slightly higher than the water surface of the hatching pool by 1-2 cm.
(2) The incubation temperature is 10-12 ℃, the salinity is 30, the pH value is 7.0-8.0, the incubation water is filtered and continuously aerated, and the dissolved oxygen is kept to be more than or equal to 6 mg/L.
(3) And lightly putting fertilized eggs of the spotted head fish into an incubation mesh bag for incubation, and adjusting a valve to control the water inflow rate to be 6-10L/min.
(4) During the incubation period, the egg blocks are taken out every 3-5 days, and are placed into 50mg/L antibacterial peptide solution to be soaked for 10-15 min, dirt on the surfaces of the egg blocks is removed slightly, and the egg blocks are placed back to the incubation device after being cleaned. And cleaning dead eggs and other dirt falling off from the bottom of the hatching device by a siphoning method every 2-3 days.
The amino acid sequence of the antibacterial peptide is
IHSILSCRGCCCNKSRDCCTDCKGPCCFK(SEQ ID NO:1)
In 2020, 11-12 months, the device and the method are used for carrying out incubation tests on natural oosperm of the spotted head fish, the experimental site is a pilot test site of a Shandong institute of marine life, the number of oosperm is about 1.8 ten thousand, the weight of a single oosperm is about 8.2g, the incubation time is 22 days in total, 1.10 ten thousand of newly incubated fries are obtained in total after the tests are finished, and the incubation success rate is 65.2%. Meanwhile, a contrast test was carried out using a square hatching tank having the dimensions of length, width and height
The method comprises the steps of putting fertilized egg blocks at the bottom of an incubation tank in a dispersed manner, incubating the fertilized egg blocks in the incubation tank under the same seawater condition, incubating in flowing water with the water inflow of 6-10L/min for 22d, wherein the incubation rate of a square incubation tank incubation test is about 28.9%. Therefore, compared with the traditional square hatching tank hatching, the hatching device and the hatching method provided by the invention can obviously improve the hatching success rate of the spotted head fish.
Table 3: comparison of hatching effects of fertilized egg masses of spotted head fish in 2020 in different hatching modes
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and any minor modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements made to the above embodiments without departing from the principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Sequence listing
<110> Shandong province Marine biological research institute
<120> method for hatching natural egg masses of viscous eggs
<160> 1
<170> SIPOSequenceListing 1.0
<210> 1
<211> 29
<212> PRT
<213> Artificial Sequence (Artificial Sequence)
<400> 1
Ile His Ser Ile Leu Ser Cys Arg Gly Cys Cys Cys Asn Lys Ser Arg
1 5 10 15
Asp Cys Cys Thr Asp Cys Lys Gly Pro Cys Cys Phe Lys
20 25
Claims (8)
1. A method for hatching natural oods of adhesive eggs is characterized in that a hatching device for hatching the natural oods of the adhesive eggs is cleaned and sterilized and then is placed in a hatching pond, and the natural oods are lightly placed in a hatching mesh bag for hatching; the water adding amount of the hatching water in the hatching pool is not more than the upper edge of the water baffle; the hatching water is filtered to keep dissolved oxygen more than or equal to 6 mg/L; and the water inlet flow is regulated to be 6-10L/min during the incubation period;
The hatching device comprises a hatching water tank wall 1 and a spiral loop 5 formed by the hatching water tank wall 1; a water inlet device 3 is arranged at the central position of the spiral loop 5; and the artificial algal reef 2 is arranged in the spiral loop 5; a water baffle 4 is arranged at the water outlet end of the spiral loop 5; the artificial algal reef 2 comprises an artificial algal stem 2-1 and an artificial algal leaf 2-2 arranged on the artificial algal stem 2-1, and the artificial algal leaf 2-2 is further provided with an incubation mesh bag 2-3.
2. A hatching method as claimed in claim 1, wherein said artificial algal reef 2 is installed in the spiral circuit 5 by means of a fixing rod 6 and a base 7.
3. A hatching method according to claim 1, wherein said artificial algae leaves 2-2 are in a hollowed out net structure.
4. A hatching method according to claim 1, characterized in that said water intake means 3 comprise water outlet holes 3-1 and valves 3-2.
5. A hatching method according to claim 1, wherein the upper edge of said water guard plate 4 is not higher than the lowest height of said spiral circuit 5; the water baffle 4 is provided with water permeable holes with the diameter of 5-10 mm.
6. A hatching method as claimed in claim 1, wherein during the hatching period, the natural egg mass is taken out every 3-5 days, and is put into clean seawater containing antibiotics or antibacterial peptides for soaking for 10-15 min, then the dirt on the surface of the egg mass is cleaned, and after the cleaning is finished, the egg mass is put back into the hatching device for continuous hatching.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the amino acid sequence of said antimicrobial peptide is SEQ ID NO 1.
8. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the step of cleaning the eggs and other dirt fallen from the bottom of the hatching device by siphoning every 2-3 days during hatching.
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| JP3168223B2 (en) * | 1992-02-27 | 2001-05-21 | 東洋エレメント工業株式会社 | How to process fish eggs |
| CN102106282B (en) * | 2011-01-17 | 2012-10-17 | 山东省海水养殖研究所 | Artificial inseminating and hatching method of high-viscosity fish eggs |
| DE102015015609B3 (en) * | 2015-12-03 | 2016-08-18 | Lars Remke | Method for separating hatched Artemia from their dura eggs and separator for Artemia permanent eggs |
| CN105918187B (en) * | 2016-07-14 | 2018-11-09 | 中国海洋大学 | Stepped algal reef of raising an infant of laying eggs |
| CN110915733B (en) * | 2019-10-16 | 2021-02-02 | 湖南师范大学 | Method for artificial induced spawning, natural mating fertilization and embryo floating running water incubation |
| KR20200094705A (en) * | 2020-07-20 | 2020-08-07 | 김승민 | Anaerobic bacteria cultivation to eliminate the nitrate filters |
| CN111919800A (en) * | 2020-09-16 | 2020-11-13 | 黄建新 | Loach hatching device and method |
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