CN112904835A - Locomotive brake resistance monitoring temperature value taking method and collecting device - Google Patents
Locomotive brake resistance monitoring temperature value taking method and collecting device Download PDFInfo
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- 230000003137 locomotive effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 74
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- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 147
- 239000011257 shell material Substances 0.000 claims description 114
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
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- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- G05B23/02—Electric testing or monitoring
- G05B23/0205—Electric testing or monitoring by means of a monitoring system capable of detecting and responding to faults
- G05B23/0208—Electric testing or monitoring by means of a monitoring system capable of detecting and responding to faults characterized by the configuration of the monitoring system
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Abstract
A value taking method and a collecting device for monitoring temperature of a locomotive brake resistor are characterized in that a temperature sensor is arranged in or on the surface of a brake resistor element of the locomotive brake resistor, the temperature value in or on the surface of the brake resistor element is directly collected, the collected temperature value is converted into a temperature electric signal, the temperature electric signal is sent to a traction control unit (DCU) through a CAN bus for intelligent identification, and the condition of the locomotive brake resistor is determined through the intelligent identification of the traction control unit (DCU); once the temperature of the brake resistance element is found to be abnormal, early warning is carried out; when the fault data information beyond the range occurs, alarming and fault processing are carried out, and the normal operation of the locomotive brake resistor is ensured. According to the invention, the temperature data signals are directly collected from the inside or the surface of the brake resistor element, so that the real temperature of the brake resistor can be accurately measured without being influenced by the environment, the running safety of the locomotive brake resistor is effectively protected, and the locomotive brake resistor is suitable for popularization and application of various locomotive brake resistors.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a temperature monitoring method for parts of a locomotive braking system of an electric locomotive, in particular to a value taking method and a collecting device for locomotive braking resistance monitoring temperature; the value taking method and the collecting device for the locomotive brake resistor monitoring temperature can accurately measure the real temperature of the brake resistor, and cannot be influenced by the environment; the occurrence of locomotive brake resistance faults is effectively reduced; belongs to the technical field of electric locomotive manufacture.
Background
With the application of high-speed locomotives in all parts of the world becoming more and more common, the operation safety of the high-speed locomotives is also receiving more and more attention; the high-speed locomotive can be accelerated and decelerated frequently in the running process, so that a locomotive braking system is required to have good braking effect and stability; most high speed locomotives currently employ resistive braking. The so-called resistance braking, also called dynamic braking, is a braking mode of a railway locomotive, in the braking process, a traction motor which originally drives a wheel set is converted into a generator, and the wheel set drives a motor rotor to rotate by utilizing the inertia of a train to generate electricity, so that reaction torque is generated, the kinetic energy of the train is consumed, and the purpose of generating a braking action is achieved. The current generated by the motor is dissipated into the atmosphere by ventilation and heat dissipation through a specially arranged resistance element.
However, the braking resistor element generates a large amount of heat during braking, the generated large amount of heat must be dissipated to the atmosphere, otherwise the temperature of the resistor element is increased, and if an effective heat dissipation means cannot be adopted, the heat generated by the braking resistor is accumulated in the braking resistor, and the burning of the braking resistor can be caused in a short time. Therefore, the temperature rise of the brake resistor must be effectively controlled, and the current brake resistors can be divided into a forced ventilation cooling type brake resistor and a natural ventilation cooling type brake resistor. In the two types of brake resistor systems, although the temperature detection and monitoring devices are arranged to monitor the temperature state of the brake resistor in real time, the monitoring effect is not ideal from the operating condition; the main reason is that the resistance element is electrified, so that in order to avoid damage of kilovolt high voltage on the resistance element to the temperature sensor, the temperature sensor is arranged at a position away from the resistance element for detection in the conventional temperature monitoring process, and the actual temperature of the resistance element is judged by measuring the temperature of air flowing around the resistance element; this will result in significant errors and hysteresis; the accuracy and precision of the detection are affected, and the accuracy of the temperature detection is also affected for the wind speed and the wind pressure passing through the resistance element, so that the wind pressure and the wind speed passing through the resistance element need to be detected while the temperature is detected, and the estimated temperature value of the resistance element is obtained through conversion. There is therefore a great need for improvement.
Recently, a technical scheme of comparing and analyzing the temperatures of the air outlet and the air inlet is also provided, but the collected temperature is the temperature of the air outlet and has a great difference with the temperature of an actual resistance element, so that the accuracy is questioned. The brake resistor is protected by estimating the heat value generated by the brake resistor to judge whether the brake resistor exceeds the set range, but the problem that the estimated value is deviated from the actual value still exists, so that the unexpected problem that the actual monitoring is lacked occurs. Further improvements are therefore still necessary.
Through patent search, no relevant patent technical literature reports are found, the most relevant patent technical literature is a paper, and the relevant literature includes the following:
1. the utility model has the patent number of CN201720309477.7 and is named as a locomotive brake resistance temperature control system, and discloses a locomotive brake resistance temperature control system which comprises a temperature probe, a temperature amplifying circuit, a comparison circuit, a relay drive circuit, a signal output circuit and a power circuit; the temperature probe is connected with the temperature amplifying circuit, the temperature amplifying circuit is connected with the comparison circuit, the comparison circuit is connected with the relay driving circuit, the relay driving circuit is connected with the signal output circuit, and the temperature amplifying circuit, the comparison circuit and the relay driving circuit are all connected with the power circuit.
2. The patent number is CN201510431603.1, and the invention patent is entitled brake resistor overheating protection method, device, readable storage medium and controller, and discloses a brake resistor overheating protection method, device, readable storage medium and controller, which comprises the steps of integrating the difference value between the real-time heat production quantity of a brake resistor and the preset instant heat dissipation quantity after the brake resistor is put into operation to obtain the accumulated heat quantity value; calculating to obtain a temperature rise value, and adding the temperature rise value and the initial temperature value when the brake resistor is put into operation to obtain the actual temperature after the brake resistor is put into operation; and judging whether the actual temperature of the brake resistor after the brake resistor is put into operation is greater than a preset temperature threshold value, and if so, controlling the brake resistor to quit the operation.
3. The invention patent with the patent number of CN201610789223.X, and the name of "a method and a device for monitoring and protecting a vehicle-mounted brake resistance", discloses a method and a device for monitoring and a method and a device for protecting a vehicle-mounted brake resistance, comprising: 1) obtaining feedback power at a direct current side and power of an intermediate support capacitor in real time, and converting total power generated by braking at an alternating current side into converted total power obtained at the direct current side; 2) obtaining real-time consumed power of the brake resistor according to the feedback power of the direct current side, the power of the middle support capacitor and the converted total power; 3) and judging the overcurrent and temperature rise states of the brake resistor.
Through the analysis of the above patent documents, we found that all of the patents relate to the control of the brake resistor, and many of the patents are based on the research on the control of the temperature, and some improved technical solutions are also proposed, but all of the technical solutions still have some problems, and still do not solve the problem that the actual temperature of the brake resistor cannot be obtained, and have uncertain factors of poor temperature value, so that many unexpected problems and faults still occur in the practical application, and therefore further research on the problems still needs to be carried out.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a value taking method and a collecting device for monitoring the temperature of a locomotive brake resistor aiming at the defects of the existing brake resistor system.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a value taking method for monitoring the temperature of a locomotive brake resistor, which is characterized in that a temperature sensor is arranged in or on the surface of a brake resistor element of the locomotive brake resistor, the temperature value in or on the surface of the brake resistor element is directly acquired, the acquired temperature value is converted into a temperature electric signal, the temperature electric signal is sent to a traction control unit (DCU) through a CAN bus for intelligent identification, and the condition of the locomotive brake resistor is determined through the intelligent identification of the DCU; once the temperature of the brake resistance element is found to be abnormal, early warning is carried out; when the fault data information beyond the range occurs, alarming and fault processing are carried out, and the normal operation of the locomotive brake resistor is ensured.
Furthermore, the temperature value directly acquired in the body or on the surface of the brake resistor element is that a temperature sensor is arranged in close contact with the resistor disc in the body or on the surface of the resistor disc of the brake resistor element, and the temperature of the resistor disc is directly acquired as the monitoring temperature through the temperature sensor in close contact with the resistor disc.
Furthermore, the temperature sensor is arranged close to the resistor disc, the temperature sensor is wrapped in the heat-conducting insulating material, the temperature sensor wrapped with the heat-conducting insulating material is tightly attached to the surface of the brake resistor disc or extends into the brake resistor disc, the temperature in or on the surface of the brake resistor disc is directly acquired, and the acquired temperature signal value is transmitted to the traction control unit.
Further, the step of wrapping the temperature sensor in the heat-conducting insulating material is to wrap the temperature sensor in a ceramic shell with radiating fins, and then fixedly install the ceramic shell wrapped with the temperature sensor on the surface or in the body of the brake resistor disc, so that the temperature sensor and the brake resistor disc form insulation and isolation contact, and the insulation resistance of the ceramic shell 8 is ensured to be withstand voltage of 7.5KV/1 min.
Furthermore, the temperature sensor is wrapped in the ceramic shell with the radiating fins, a semi-open temperature sensor mounting hole is formed in the middle of the ceramic shell, and the temperature sensor is fixed in the ceramic shell mounting hole through heat-conducting glue.
Further, with ceramic casing fixed mounting at the body surface of braking resistance piece or internal be at the body surface of braking resistance piece or the internal mounting hole that sets up installation temperature sensor, put into the mounting hole with the ceramic casing that the parcel has temperature sensor again, fix the ceramic casing that the parcel has temperature sensor through the fastening mode, expose the fin of the ceramic casing that the parcel has temperature sensor outside the body surface of braking resistance piece simultaneously to guarantee that temperature sensor and the insulating creepage distance of braking resistance piece satisfy insulating requirement.
Furthermore, the ceramic shell is made of a heat-conducting and insulating ceramic material, and the heat-conducting and insulating ceramic material with the same heat conductivity coefficient as the thermal expansion coefficient of the brake resistance sheet is preferably made of the heat-conducting and insulating ceramic material; under the condition of ensuring enough insulating performance, the wall thickness of the ceramic shell is reduced as much as possible, the wall thickness of the ceramic shell is controlled to be 0.8-2.5mm, and the bottom thickness of the ceramic shell is controlled to be 0.5-1.5 mm; and the periphery between the temperature sensor and the ceramic shell is encapsulated by adopting heat-conducting sealant.
Furthermore, the heat-conducting insulating ceramic material is high heat-conducting ceramic, and comprises AlN ceramic or BeO ceramic or Si3N4 ceramic, and the heat conductivity coefficient is controlled to be 290-310W/m.K, so that the expansion coefficient of the ceramic shell is the same as that of the brake resistor disc.
A locomotive brake resistor monitoring temperature acquisition device comprises a locomotive brake resistor and a traction control unit, wherein the locomotive brake resistor is electrically connected with the traction control unit through a CAN bus; the method is characterized in that: a temperature sensor is arranged in or on the surface of a brake resistor element of the locomotive brake resistor, the temperature sensor is arranged in or on the surface of the brake resistor element to directly acquire a temperature signal on the brake resistor element, and then the temperature signal is sent to the traction control unit through a CAN bus.
Furthermore, the temperature sensor is wrapped in the ceramic shell with the radiating fins, and then the ceramic shell wrapped with the temperature sensor is fixedly installed on the surface or in the body of the brake resistor disc, so that the temperature sensor and the brake resistor disc form insulation isolation contact.
Furthermore, the ceramic shell is a hollow cylindrical semi-closed shell with radiating fins and is made of a heat-conducting insulating ceramic material; the upper part of the opening of the ceramic shell is provided with heat dissipation insulating fins, the number of the heat dissipation insulating fins of the ceramic shell is 2-3 circles, the interval of each circle is 2-5mm, and the thickness of the heat dissipation insulating fins 11 is 1-2 mm; the thermal expansion coefficient of the ceramic shell is the same as that of the brake resistor disc, and the thermal conductivity is controlled to be 290-310W/m.K, so that the expansion coefficients of the ceramic shell and the brake resistor disc are the same; the ceramic shell material comprises AlN ceramic or BeO ceramic or Si3N4 ceramic.
Further, the wall thickness of the side wall of the ceramic shell is 0.8-2.5 mm; the wall thickness of the bottom is controlled to be 0.5-1.5mm, the bottom is in the same shape as the bottom of the inner surface or the surface of the brake resistor element, the bottom is ensured to be tightly attached to the bottom of the inner surface or the surface of the brake resistor element, meanwhile, the temperature sensor is tightly attached to the bottom of the ceramic shell, and the temperature of the inner surface or the surface of the brake resistor element is directly transmitted to the temperature sensor through the bottom of the ceramic shell; and the periphery between the sensor and the ceramic shell is encapsulated by adopting heat-conducting sealant.
The invention has the advantages that:
the invention can actually measure the real-time temperature of the brake resistor element by directly collecting the temperature of the resistor element of the brake resistor, thereby being beneficial to judging the real-time working state of the brake resistor and mainly having the following advantages:
1. the temperature of the surface or the body of the brake resistor component is directly acquired, the real temperature of the brake resistor component can be acquired, the difference between the estimated temperature and the actual temperature through heat value calculation does not exist, the difference between the temperature in air at the outlet and the inlet of a fan and the actual temperature can not be acquired, and the actual working condition of the locomotive brake resistor can be accurately determined;
2. the temperature sensor is arranged on the body surface or in the body of the brake resistor component through the insulating sleeve, so that the temperature sensor is favorably fixed, the change influence of the temperature value caused by the shaking of the temperature sensor in the air is more favorably prevented, and the adverse influence caused by the change of the environmental temperature is reduced;
3. the temperature sensor is isolated from the brake resistor component through the high-heat-conductivity insulating material, so that the insulating effect can be ensured, the brake resistor component can be ensured to be tightly attached, the real temperature of the brake resistor component is detected, and the subsequent intelligent analysis and judgment are facilitated;
4. the method has the advantages that two paths of temperature signals are collected at two input points and two output points of the brake resistor component respectively, change values of the two paths of temperature signals are compared and analyzed, real-time detection of the whole working condition of the brake resistor component is facilitated, generated slight changes are analyzed, early warning is carried out on changes before faults occur, and the generation of faults is avoided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the operating principle of a locomotive brake resistor;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a system architecture according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a temperature sensor mounting structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged schematic view of the temperature sensor mounting structure of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a graph of the thickness of the ceramic shell versus the insulation and thermal conductivity properties of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic view of a temperature sensor mounting structure according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further elucidated with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.
Example one
The working principle of the locomotive brake resistor is shown in the attached figure 1; when the vehicle starts braking by the brake resistor, the train turns on IGBT overvoltage chopping, and regenerative energy of the IGBT chopping is consumed by the locomotive brake resistor; then the heat of the locomotive brake resistor is dissipated into the air through the fan; however, as the regenerative energy is dissipated in the form of heat energy to the brake resistor, the temperature of the resistor gradually rises, and the locomotive brake resistor needs to be monitored in real time to prevent the local locomotive brake resistor from rising too fast to cause a fault, otherwise, the safe operation of the vehicle traction system is seriously affected.
In order to obtain accurate brake resistance temperature, a temperature sensor 2 (shown in attached figure 2) is arranged in a brake resistance element 1 of a locomotive brake resistance, the temperature sensor 2 which is clung to the brake resistance body directly collects the temperature value on the brake resistance element, converts the collected temperature value into a temperature electric signal, sends the temperature electric signal to a traction control unit (DCU) 4 through a CAN bus 3 for intelligent identification and monitoring, and determines the condition of the locomotive brake resistance through the intelligent identification of the traction control unit (DCU) 4; once the abnormal temperature change of the brake resistance element is found, early warning is carried out in real time; when the fault data information beyond the range occurs, alarming and fault processing are carried out, and the normal operation of the locomotive brake resistor is ensured.
As shown in fig. 3, temperature sensors 2 are arranged in the brake resistor element 1 of the locomotive brake resistor, the temperature sensors 2 are arranged in the brake resistor element 1 at two input ends or two output ends of the brake resistor element 1 in the brake resistor system 5, the temperature in the brake resistor element 1 is acquired by the temperature sensors 2, and the acquired temperature signals are transmitted to the traction control unit 4; the temperature signal is intelligently identified and monitored through a traction control unit (DCU), and the working condition of the brake resistance element is judged by comparing data.
The temperature sensor 2 of the present embodiment adopts thermocouples as temperature sensors, the default setting values of the thermocouples are all 750 ℃, and temperature data in the brake resistor body can be recorded in real time, so as to provide data support for subsequent fault analysis.
The brake resistor element 1 is a brake resistor disc, and the temperature sensor 2 and the brake resistor element 1 must be isolated because the brake resistor element is provided with high voltage electricity, but the acquired data is easy to generate errors after the isolation is far away; therefore, the temperature sensor 2 is wrapped in the heat-conducting insulating material 6, as shown in fig. 4, the temperature sensor 2 wrapped with the heat-conducting insulating material 6 extends into the brake resistor sheet 7 and is tightly attached to the surface in the brake resistor sheet 7, the temperature in the brake resistor sheet is directly acquired, and then the temperature signal value acquired by the temperature sensor is transmitted to the traction control unit.
The temperature sensor 2 is wrapped in the heat-conducting insulating material 6, namely the temperature sensor 2 is wrapped in the ceramic shell 8 with the radiating fins, the ceramic shell 8 is made into a semi-open hollow cylinder, a semi-open hollow blind hole 9 is formed in the ceramic shell, the temperature sensor 2 is inserted into the hollow blind hole 9, and the bottom of the temperature sensor 2 is attached to the bottom of the hollow blind hole 9; in order to ensure the accuracy of the acquisition temperature and simultaneously consider the requirement of insulating property, the thickness of the bottom 10 of the ceramic shell is controlled to be 0.5-1.5 mm; thus, insulation can be ensured, and the heat conduction effect and precision can be ensured; in order to enhance the heat dissipation effect, heat dissipation insulating fins 11 are arranged at the upper part of the opening of the ceramic shell 8, the number of the heat dissipation insulating fins 11 is 2-3, the interval of each circle is 2-5mm, the thickness of each heat dissipation insulating fin 11 is 1-2mm, and heat dissipation is carried out through the heat dissipation insulating fins 11; meanwhile, the heat dissipation insulating fins 11 can also improve the overall insulating effect of the temperature sensor, and can ensure that the insulating resistance of the ceramic shell 8 is withstand voltage of 7.5KV/1min by controlling the depth of the ceramic shell 8 inserted into the hollow blind hole 9 of the braking resistor disc 7; when the assembly wrapped with the temperature sensor is assembled, the temperature sensor 2 for measuring temperature is inserted into the ceramic shell 8, so that the bottom of the temperature sensor 2 is tightly attached to the bottom 10 of the ceramic shell, then the temperature sensor 2 and the ceramic shell 8 are fastened together, and then the ceramic shell wrapped with the temperature sensor is inserted into the hollow blind hole 9 of the brake resistor disc 7, so that the temperature sensor and the brake resistor disc are in direct contact with each other in an insulation and isolation manner, and the internal temperature of the brake resistor can be directly acquired through the ceramic shell 8; moreover, the ceramic shell 8 is directly inserted into the brake resistor body and is tightly attached to the inner surface of the brake resistor body, so that the relative heat conduction coefficient is determined, the interference of air is avoided, and the internal temperature of the brake resistor can be still acquired; the temperature sensor 2 and the ceramic shell 8 are tightly packaged together through the heat-conducting insulating glue 5; preferably, the temperature sensor is fixed in the hollow blind hole 9 of the ceramic shell 8 through organic silicon type heat-conducting glue for packaging, and then the ceramic shell 8 wrapped with the temperature sensor 2 is fixedly arranged in the brake resistor disc 7; the temperature sensor 2 and the ceramic housing 8 may be fastened together by mechanical fastening, such as by screwing, or by mechanical fastening.
The ceramic shell 8 is fixedly arranged in the body of the brake resistor disc 7, a mounting hole 12 for mounting a temperature sensor is arranged in the body of the brake resistor disc 7, the ceramic shell 8 wrapped with the temperature sensor is placed in the mounting hole 12, the ceramic shell 8 wrapped with the temperature sensor is fixed in the mounting hole 12 in a fastening mode, and meanwhile, the surface of the shell of the ceramic shell 8 is ensured to be tightly attached to the inner wall and the bottom of the mounting hole 12 of the brake resistor disc 7; preferably, a step 13 is arranged on the ceramic shell 8, the step 13 of the ceramic shell 8 is pressed through a fastener 14, the ceramic shell 8 is fixed on the mounting hole 12 of the braking resistor disc, and the outer surface of the ceramic shell is coated with organic silicon type heat-conducting glue, so that the outer shell surface of the ceramic shell 8 is tightly attached to the inner wall of the mounting hole of the braking resistor disc, and a good heat-conducting structure is formed; in addition, the radiating insulating fins 11 of the ceramic shell 8 wrapped with the temperature sensor are exposed out of the surface of the brake resistor disc 7, the insulating creepage distance between the temperature sensor and the brake resistor disc is ensured to meet the insulating requirement, and the insulating resistance is over 7.5KV/1 min.
The ceramic shell 8 is made of a heat-conducting and insulating ceramic material, and is preferably made of a heat-conducting and insulating ceramic material with the same heat conductivity coefficient as that of the brake resistor disc, in the embodiment, AlN ceramic is preferably adopted, the wall thickness of the ceramic shell is reduced as much as possible under the condition that sufficient insulating performance is ensured, the wall thickness of the side wall of the ceramic shell 8 is controlled to be 0.8-2.5mm, and the thickness of the bottom of the ceramic shell 8 is controlled to be 0.5-1.5 mm; and the heat conductivity coefficient of the AlN ceramic is controlled to be 290-310W/m.K, so that the expansion coefficients of the ceramic shell and the braking resistance sheet are the same, and the phenomenon of cracking of the ceramic shell at high temperature caused by the fact that the expansion coefficients of the braking resistance and the ceramic shell are different can be effectively avoided.
Because the AlN ceramic shell is tightly attached to the mounting hole 12 of the brake resistor disc 7; in order to determine the reliability of the AlN ceramic shell, when the thermal conductivity of the AlN ceramic is required to be controlled to 290-310W/m.K through repeated performance test tests, the thermal expansion coefficient of the AlN ceramic is almost the same as that of the brake resistor sheet 7; thus, the problem of explosion caused by the fact that the thermal expansion coefficient of the brake resistor sheet 7 is not consistent with that of the AlN ceramic shell when the brake resistor sheet 7 generates heat is avoided. Meanwhile, the peripheral thickness of the AlN ceramic shell is controlled to be 0.8-2.5 mm; the thickness of the ceramic at the bottom is 0.5-1.5mm, so that the insulation requirement of the temperature sensor and the brake resistor disc can be met, the thermal conductivity can be improved, and the temperature measurement accuracy can be effectively improved; the experimental data of the AlN ceramic case for the performance test are shown in FIG. 5.
As can be seen from the test data in FIG. 5, when the thickness of the bottom ceramic exceeds 0.5 mm, the insulating property of the ceramic can reach withstand voltage of 7.5KV/1min, and the withstand voltage strength is further improved along with the increase of the thickness; however, with the increase of the thickness, the heat conduction performance of the AlN ceramic shell is gradually reduced, and after the thickness reaches more than 1.0mm, the heat conduction performance of the AlN ceramic shell is obviously reduced, which greatly influences the accuracy of temperature measurement and generates obvious reaction lag, so that the thickness of the ceramic at the bottom is properly controlled to be 0.8-2.5 mm; and the bottom of the ceramic shell is in direct contact with a probe of the temperature sensor, so that the thinner the thickness of the bottom is, the better, and the thickness is controlled to be 0.5-0.6 mm.
The condition of the locomotive brake resistance is determined through intelligent identification of a traction control unit (DCU) 4, namely a temperature sensor 2 is arranged in a brake resistance sheet 7 of a brake resistance body; the temperature sensor 2 is used for acquiring the temperature value of the brake resistance element and transmitting a temperature signal to a traction control unit (DCU); and comparing and analyzing the temperature signal value through the traction control unit, and judging whether the working condition of the brake resistance element is normal or not.
Example two
The second embodiment has basically the same principle as the first embodiment, but is different in specific structure and processing mode; a value taking device for monitoring temperature of a locomotive brake resistor is characterized in that a temperature sensor is mounted on the surface of a brake resistor element of the locomotive brake resistor, the temperature sensor is tightly attached to the surface of the brake resistor, the temperature value on the surface of the brake resistor element is directly acquired, the acquired temperature value is converted into a temperature electric signal, the temperature electric signal is sent to a traction control unit (DCU) through a CAN bus to carry out intelligent identification and monitoring, and the condition of the locomotive brake resistor is determined through the intelligent identification of the DCU; once the temperature fault data information of the brake resistor element is found, alarming and fault processing are carried out, and the normal operation of the locomotive brake resistor is ensured.
The temperature sensor is arranged on the surface of any position of the body surface 201 of the brake resistor element in the brake resistor system, the temperature sensor 202 is arranged on the surface of the body surface 201 of the brake resistor element in the brake resistor system, the temperature sensor 202 is isolated by an insulating material and then is attached to the body surface 201 of the brake resistor element, the temperature of the body surface of the resistor element is collected by the temperature sensor 202, and the collected temperature signal is transmitted to the traction control unit through a signal wire 203; the working condition of the brake resistance element is judged through intelligent comparison of a traction control unit (DCU).
The surface of the body surface 201, which is close to the body surface of the brake resistor and is any one position of the brake resistor, of the temperature sensor 202 is provided with the mounting frame 204 (as shown in figure 6) or is provided with the threaded hole, and then the ceramic shell 208 with the temperature sensor 202 is mounted on the mounting frame 204 or is fixed on the surface of the threaded hole through the bolt, so that the ceramic shell is close to the surface of the brake resistor, and the temperature value on the surface of the brake resistor element is directly acquired.
The temperature sensor 202 adopts a contact type thermal resistor temperature sensor, the default set detection value is 750 ℃, and the data of the temperature of the brake resistor can be recorded in real time so as to provide data support for subsequent fault analysis.
The ceramic shell is made of BeO ceramic or Si3N4 ceramic material, the heat conductivity coefficient is controlled to be 290-310W/m.K, the expansion coefficient of the ceramic shell and the expansion coefficient of the brake resistance card are the same, and the wall thickness of the side wall of the ceramic shell is controlled to be 0.8-1.0mm under the condition of ensuring enough insulating performance; the wall thickness of the bottom of the ceramic shell is 0.5-1.5 mm.
The intelligent identification and determination of the locomotive brake resistance through the traction control unit (DCU) is characterized in that a temperature sensor is arranged at any position on the body surface of the brake resistance and is matched with other detection elements (such as a wind pressure and wind speed sensor for brake resistance input and output), the temperature sensor on the surface of the brake resistance element is used for acquiring the temperature value of the brake resistance element, and the acquired temperature signal is transmitted to the traction control unit; the traction control unit compares and analyzes the temperature signal value and the detection data of other sensors, and judges whether the working condition of the brake resistance element is normal or not through comparison and analysis.
Preferably, the step of judging the working condition of the brake resistance element according to the difference value of the temperature signals is to transmit the detected temperature signals to a traction control unit (DCU), and then simultaneously input the detected air flow pressure and the detected air speed at the inlet and the outlet of the locomotive brake resistance into the traction control unit (DCU), and compare and analyze the detected air flow pressure and the detected air speed by using the existing comparison and analysis method to judge whether the locomotive brake resistance is normal; when the temperature change is abnormal and the temperature change exceeds the determined range, the working state of the brake resistance element is judged to be abnormal, and the warning system is used for prompting; when the temperature exceeds the allowed range value, a fault is indicated, and the system gives an alarm.
The other parts of this embodiment are the same as the embodiment.
Through the embodiment, the invention CAN be seen to relate to a value taking method for monitoring the temperature of a locomotive brake resistor, wherein a temperature sensor is arranged in or on the surface of a brake resistor element of the locomotive brake resistor, so that the temperature value in or on the surface of the brake resistor element is directly acquired, the acquired temperature value is converted into a temperature electric signal, the temperature electric signal is sent to a traction control unit (DCU) through a CAN bus for intelligent identification, and the condition of the locomotive brake resistor is determined through the intelligent identification of the DCU; once the temperature of the brake resistance element is found to be abnormal, early warning is carried out; when the fault data information beyond the range occurs, alarming and fault processing are carried out, and the normal operation of the locomotive brake resistor is ensured.
Furthermore, the temperature value directly acquired in the body or on the surface of the brake resistor element is that a temperature sensor is arranged in close contact with the resistor disc in the body or on the surface of the resistor disc of the brake resistor element, and the temperature of the resistor disc is directly acquired as the monitoring temperature through the temperature sensor in close contact with the resistor disc.
Furthermore, the temperature sensor is arranged close to the resistor disc, the temperature sensor is wrapped in the heat-conducting insulating material, the temperature sensor wrapped with the heat-conducting insulating material is tightly attached to the surface of the brake resistor disc or extends into the brake resistor disc, the temperature in or on the surface of the brake resistor disc is directly acquired, and the acquired temperature signal value is transmitted to the traction control unit.
Further, the step of wrapping the temperature sensor in the heat-conducting insulating material is to wrap the temperature sensor in a ceramic shell with radiating fins, and then fixedly install the ceramic shell wrapped with the temperature sensor on the surface or in the body of the brake resistor disc, so that the temperature sensor and the brake resistor disc form insulation and isolation contact, and the insulation resistance of the ceramic shell 8 is ensured to be withstand voltage of 7.5KV/1 min.
Furthermore, the temperature sensor is wrapped in the ceramic shell with the radiating fins, a semi-open temperature sensor mounting hole is formed in the middle of the ceramic shell, and the temperature sensor is fixed in the ceramic shell mounting hole through heat-conducting glue.
Further, with ceramic casing fixed mounting at the body surface of braking resistance piece or internal be at the body surface of braking resistance piece or the internal mounting hole that sets up installation temperature sensor, put into the mounting hole with the ceramic casing that the parcel has temperature sensor again, fix the ceramic casing that the parcel has temperature sensor through the fastening mode, expose the fin of the ceramic casing that the parcel has temperature sensor outside the body surface of braking resistance piece simultaneously to guarantee that temperature sensor and the insulating creepage distance of braking resistance piece satisfy insulating requirement.
Furthermore, the ceramic shell is made of a heat-conducting and insulating ceramic material, and the heat-conducting and insulating ceramic material with the same heat conductivity coefficient as the thermal expansion coefficient of the brake resistance sheet is preferably made of the heat-conducting and insulating ceramic material; under the condition of ensuring enough insulating performance, the wall thickness of the ceramic shell is reduced as much as possible, the wall thickness of the ceramic shell is controlled to be 0.8-2.5mm, and the bottom thickness of the ceramic shell is controlled to be 0.5-1.5 mm; and the periphery between the temperature sensor and the ceramic shell is encapsulated by adopting heat-conducting sealant.
Furthermore, the heat-conducting insulating ceramic material is high heat-conducting ceramic, and comprises AlN ceramic or BeO ceramic or Si3N4 ceramic, and the heat conductivity coefficient is controlled to be 290-310W/m.K, so that the expansion coefficient of the ceramic shell is the same as that of the brake resistor disc.
The above listed embodiments are only for clear and complete description of the technical solution of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings; it should be understood that the embodiments described are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments, and the terms such as "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "middle", etc. used in this specification are for clarity of description only, and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention, which can be implemented, and the changes or modifications of the relative relationship thereof are also regarded as the scope of the invention without substantial technical changes. Meanwhile, the structures, the proportions, the sizes, and the like shown in the drawings are only used for matching with the contents disclosed in the specification, so as to be understood and read by those skilled in the art, and are not used for limiting the conditions under which the present invention can be implemented, so that the present invention has no technical essence, and any structural modification, changes in proportion relation, or adjustments of the sizes, can still fall within the range covered by the technical contents disclosed in the present invention without affecting the effects and the achievable purposes of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention has the advantages that:
the invention can actually measure the real-time temperature of the brake resistor element by directly collecting the temperature of the resistor element of the brake resistor, thereby being beneficial to judging the real-time working state of the brake resistor and mainly having the following advantages:
1. the temperature of the surface or the body of the brake resistor component is directly acquired, the real temperature of the brake resistor component can be acquired, the difference between the estimated temperature and the actual temperature through heat value calculation does not exist, the difference between the temperature in air at the outlet and the inlet of a fan and the actual temperature can not be acquired, and the actual working condition of the locomotive brake resistor can be accurately determined;
2. the temperature sensor is arranged on the body surface or in the body of the brake resistor component through the insulating sleeve, so that the temperature sensor is favorably fixed, the change influence of the temperature value caused by the shaking of the temperature sensor in the air is more favorably prevented, and the adverse influence caused by the change of the environmental temperature is reduced;
3. the temperature sensor is isolated from the brake resistor component through the high-heat-conductivity insulating material, so that the insulating effect can be ensured, the brake resistor component can be ensured to be tightly attached, the real temperature of the brake resistor component is detected, and the subsequent intelligent analysis and judgment are facilitated;
4. the method has the advantages that two paths of temperature signals are collected at two input points and two output points of the brake resistor component respectively, change values of the two paths of temperature signals are compared and analyzed, real-time detection of the whole working condition of the brake resistor component is facilitated, generated slight changes are analyzed, early warning is carried out on changes before faults occur, and the generation of faults is avoided.
Claims (12)
1. A locomotive brake resistance monitors the value method of the temperature, through setting up the temperature pick-up in the brake resistance component body or surface of the locomotive brake resistance, the temperature value of the internal or surface of direct acquisition brake resistance component, and convert the temperature value gathered into the temperature signal, send to the traction control unit (DCU) to carry on the intellectual recognition through CAN bus, confirm the situation of the locomotive brake resistance through the intellectual recognition of the traction control unit (DCU); once the temperature of the brake resistance element is found to be abnormal, early warning is carried out; when the fault data information beyond the range occurs, alarming and fault processing are carried out, and the normal operation of the locomotive brake resistor is ensured.
2. The method for measuring the temperature of the locomotive brake resistor according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the temperature value directly acquired in or on the surface of the brake resistor element is that a temperature sensor is arranged in or on a resistor disc of the brake resistor element and is tightly attached to the resistor disc, and the temperature sensor tightly attached to the resistor disc is used for directly acquiring the temperature of the resistor disc as the monitoring temperature.
3. The method for measuring the temperature of the locomotive brake resistor according to claim 2, wherein: the temperature sensor is wrapped in the heat-conducting insulating material, and then the temperature sensor wrapped with the heat-conducting insulating material is tightly attached to the surface of the brake resistor disc or extends into the brake resistor disc, so that the temperature in or on the surface of the brake resistor disc is directly acquired, and then the acquired temperature signal value is transmitted to the traction control unit.
4. The method for measuring the temperature of the locomotive brake resistor according to claim 3, wherein: the temperature sensor is wrapped in the ceramic shell with the radiating fins, and then the ceramic shell wrapped with the temperature sensor is fixedly arranged on the surface or in the body of the brake resistor disc, so that the temperature sensor and the brake resistor disc form insulation and isolation contact.
5. The method for measuring the temperature of the locomotive brake resistor according to claim 4, wherein: the temperature sensor is wrapped in the ceramic shell with the radiating fins, a semi-open temperature sensor mounting hole is formed in the middle of the ceramic shell, and the temperature sensor is fixed in the ceramic shell mounting hole through heat conducting glue.
6. The method for measuring the temperature of the locomotive brake resistor according to claim 5, wherein: the ceramic shell is fixedly arranged on the surface of the brake resistor disc or in the body, a mounting hole for mounting the temperature sensor is formed in the surface of the brake resistor disc or in the body, the ceramic shell wrapped with the temperature sensor is placed into the mounting hole, the ceramic shell wrapped with the temperature sensor is fixed in a fastening mode, meanwhile, the radiating fins of the ceramic shell wrapped with the temperature sensor are exposed out of the surface of the brake resistor disc, and the requirement that the temperature sensor and the brake resistor disc meet the insulation creepage distance is met.
7. The method for measuring the temperature of the locomotive brake resistor according to claim 4, wherein: the ceramic shell is made of heat-conducting insulating ceramic materials, and the heat-conducting insulating ceramic materials with the heat conductivity coefficient same as that of the brake resistance sheet are preferably made of the heat-conducting insulating ceramic materials; under the condition of ensuring enough insulating performance, the wall thickness of the ceramic shell is reduced as much as possible, the wall thickness of the ceramic shell is controlled to be 0.8-2.5mm, and the bottom thickness of the ceramic shell is controlled to be 0.5-1.5 mm; and the periphery between the temperature sensor and the ceramic shell is encapsulated by adopting heat-conducting sealant.
8. The method for measuring the temperature of the locomotive brake resistor according to claim 7, wherein: the heat-conducting insulating ceramic material is high heat-conducting ceramic, comprises AlN ceramic or BeO ceramic or Si3N4 ceramic, and the heat-conducting coefficient is controlled to be 290-310W/m.K, so that the expansion coefficient of the ceramic shell and the expansion coefficient of the brake resistance sheet are the same.
9. A locomotive brake resistor monitoring temperature acquisition device comprises a locomotive brake resistor and a traction control unit, wherein the locomotive brake resistor is electrically connected with the traction control unit through a CAN bus; the method is characterized in that: a temperature sensor is arranged in or on the surface of a brake resistor element of the locomotive brake resistor, the temperature sensor is arranged in or on the surface of the brake resistor element to directly acquire a temperature signal on the brake resistor element, and then the temperature signal is sent to the traction control unit through a CAN bus.
10. A locomotive brake resistor temperature monitoring acquisition device according to claim 9, wherein: the temperature sensor is wrapped in the ceramic shell with the radiating fins, and then the ceramic shell wrapped with the temperature sensor is fixedly arranged on the surface or in the body of the brake resistor disc, so that the temperature sensor and the brake resistor disc form insulation isolation contact; the upper part of the opening of the ceramic shell is provided with heat dissipation insulating fins, the number of the heat dissipation insulating fins is 2-3 circles, the interval of each circle is 2-5mm, and the thickness of the heat dissipation insulating fins 11 is 1-2 mm.
11. A locomotive brake resistor temperature monitoring acquisition device according to claim 10, wherein: the ceramic shell is a hollow cylindrical semi-closed shell with radiating fins and is made of a heat-conducting insulating ceramic material; the upper part of the opening of the ceramic shell is provided with heat dissipation insulating fins, the number of the heat dissipation insulating fins of the ceramic shell is 2-3 circles, the interval of each circle is 2-5mm, and the thickness of the heat dissipation insulating fins 11 is 1-2 mm; the thermal expansion coefficient of the ceramic shell is the same as that of the brake resistor disc, and the thermal conductivity is controlled to be 290-310W/m.K, so that the expansion coefficients of the ceramic shell and the brake resistor disc are the same; the ceramic shell material comprises AlN ceramic or BeO ceramic or Si3N4 ceramic.
12. A locomotive brake resistor temperature monitoring acquisition device according to claim 10, wherein: the wall thickness of the side wall of the ceramic shell is 0.8-2.5 mm; the wall thickness of the bottom is controlled to be 0.5-1.5mm, the bottom is in the same shape as the bottom of the inner surface or the surface of the brake resistor element, the bottom is ensured to be tightly attached to the bottom of the inner surface or the surface of the brake resistor element, meanwhile, the temperature sensor is tightly attached to the bottom of the ceramic shell, and the temperature of the inner surface or the surface of the brake resistor element is directly transmitted to the temperature sensor through the bottom of the ceramic shell.
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