CN114530828B - Temperature estimation protection method and system for brake resistor of railway vehicle - Google Patents
Temperature estimation protection method and system for brake resistor of railway vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN114530828B CN114530828B CN202210170955.6A CN202210170955A CN114530828B CN 114530828 B CN114530828 B CN 114530828B CN 202210170955 A CN202210170955 A CN 202210170955A CN 114530828 B CN114530828 B CN 114530828B
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
- H02H7/10—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers
- H02H7/12—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers for static converters or rectifiers
- H02H7/1216—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers for static converters or rectifiers for AC-AC converters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H5/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal non-electric working conditions with or without subsequent reconnection
- H02H5/04—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal non-electric working conditions with or without subsequent reconnection responsive to abnormal temperature
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
Abstract
The embodiment of the invention relates to a temperature estimation protection method and a temperature estimation protection system for a brake resistor of a railway vehicle, wherein the method comprises the following steps: continuously collecting the instantaneous voltage of the direct current bus, the instantaneous current of the chopping branch and the real-time duty ratio of the control pulse of the chopping branch in the current collecting period; generating corresponding first power P by performing real-time power estimation of the brake resistor in the period 1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Performing temperature rise estimation of the brake resistor in the cycle to generate corresponding first temperature rise data delta T; performing temperature estimation of the brake resistor in the period to generate a corresponding first resistance temperature T; judging whether the first resistance temperature T exceeds a preset temperature threshold, if so, sending a protection instruction to the traction converter, and controlling the traction converter to perform corresponding protection operation. According to the invention, on the premise of not additionally adding other measuring equipment, the real-time temperature information of the brake resistor can be obtained, and the stable operation of the brake resistor is effectively ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of rail transit, in particular to a temperature estimation protection method and system for a brake resistor of a rail vehicle.
Background
The brake resistor is an important component of the traction converter system of the railway vehicle, and has the main functions of releasing the electric energy of a direct current link and avoiding the overhigh voltage of the direct current link. The traction converter of the motor train unit is in an AC-DC-AC topological structure, and a brake resistor is hung in the middle DC link; the urban rail vehicle traction converter is generally of an orthogonal topological structure, and a braking resistor is hung in a direct current link; the brake resistor is usually connected between the power switch device side of the chopper branch of the DC link and the grounding point in a hanging manner. The action principle of the braking resistor is that redundant electric energy in a direct current link is consumed on the braking resistor and converted into heat energy. However, excessive use of the brake resistor may cause its temperature to rise, and serious conditions may cause its damage or even burn-out to melt.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims at overcoming the defects of the prior art, and provides a temperature estimation protection method and system for a brake resistor of a railway vehicle.
In view of this, a first aspect of the embodiments of the present invention provides a method for protecting a brake resistor of a railway vehicle by temperature estimation, the method comprising:
continuously acquiring the instantaneous voltage of a direct current bus of a traction converter where a brake resistor is positioned, the instantaneous current of a chopping branch and the real-time duty ratio of a control pulse of the chopping branch in a current acquisition period to obtain a first acquisition data set;
performing estimated parameter preparation processing according to the first acquired data set to generate a corresponding first voltage parameter u 1 First current parameter i 1 And a first duty cycle voltage parameter DU 1 ；
According to the first voltage parameter u 1 The first current parameter i 1 And the first duty cycle voltage parameter DU 1 Generating corresponding first power P by performing real-time power estimation of the brake resistor in the current period 1 ；
According to the first power P 1 Performing temperature rise estimation of the brake resistor in the period to generate corresponding first temperature rise data delta T;
according to the first temperature rise data DeltaT, performing temperature estimation of the brake resistor in the cycle to generate a corresponding first resistance temperature T;
judging whether the first resistance temperature T exceeds a preset temperature threshold, if so, sending a protection instruction to the traction converter, and controlling the traction converter to perform corresponding protection operation.
Preferably, the first acquired data set comprises a plurality of first data sets; the first data set includes a first instantaneous voltage u meas First instantaneous current i meas And a first real-time duty cycle D meas 。
Preferably, the first collected data set is subjected to an estimated parameter preparation process to generate a corresponding first voltage parameter u 1 First current parameter i 1 And a first duty cycle voltage parameter DU 1 The method specifically comprises the following steps:
for all of the first instantaneous voltages u of the first collection of data meas Average calculation is carried out to generate the first voltage parameter u 1 ；
For all of the first instantaneous currents i of the first collection of data meas Average value calculation is carried out to generate the first current parameter i 1 ；
According to the first instantaneous voltage u of each first data set meas And the first real-time duty cycle D meas Calculating to generate a corresponding first result s, s=d meas *(u meas ) 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the And performing average calculation on all the obtained first results s to generate the first duty ratio voltage parameter DU 1 。
Preferably, said voltage is based on said first voltage parameter u 1 The first current parameter i 1 And the first duty cycle voltage parameter DU 1 Generating corresponding first power P by performing real-time power estimation of the brake resistor in the current period 1 The method specifically comprises the following steps:
acquiring a brake resistor temperature estimation result of a previous acquisition period, and generating a corresponding previous resistor temperature T';
according to the front partA resistance temperature T ' is searched for a first corresponding relation table reflecting the corresponding relation between the resistance temperature and the resistance value, the thermal resistance value and the heat capacity value, and a corresponding first resistance value R ' is obtained ' 1 ；
According to the first voltage parameter u 1 The first duty cycle voltage parameter DU 1 And the first resistance value R 1 ' calculating to generate a second current parameter i 2 ，
Calculating the first current parameter i 1 And the second current parameter i 2 Generates a corresponding first current difference, and if the first current difference is within a preset reasonable difference range, generates a first current parameter i 1 As a preferred current parameter i g If the first current difference is outside the reasonable difference range, the second current parameter i is obtained 2 As the preferred current parameter i g ；
According to the first voltage parameter u 1 And the preferred current parameter i g Estimating the real-time power of the brake resistor in the current period to generate the first power P 1 ，P 1 ＝i g ×u 1 。
Further, the method further comprises:
and if the first current difference is out of the reasonable difference range, carrying out early warning on the chopper branch faults corresponding to the braking resistor.
Preferably, the power P is the same as the first power P 1 The method for generating the corresponding first temperature rise data DeltaT by performing temperature rise estimation of the brake resistor in the cycle specifically comprises the following steps:
acquiring a heating estimation result of a brake resistor in a previous acquisition period, and generating corresponding previous heating data DeltaT'; the method comprises the steps of obtaining the real-time speed of a current railway vehicle to generate a corresponding first vehicle speed v;
inquiring the first corresponding relation table according to the previous resistance temperature T 'to obtain a corresponding first thermal resistance value R' 2 And firstHeat capacity value C' 1 ；
According to the first vehicle speed v, inquiring a second corresponding relation table reflecting the corresponding relation between the real-time vehicle speed and the vehicle speed coefficient to obtain a corresponding first vehicle speed coefficient k; and according to the first vehicle speed coefficient k and the first thermal resistance value R' 2 Calculating to obtain a second thermal resistance value R' 3 ，R’ 3 ＝k*R’ 2 ；
According to the first power P 1 The previous temperature rise data DeltaT ', the second thermal resistance value R' 3 And the first heat capacity value C' 1 Estimating the temperature rise data of the brake resistor in the present period to generate the first temperature rise data DeltaT,t s is the duration of a preset single acquisition period.
Preferably, the step of estimating the temperature of the brake resistor in the present period according to the first temperature increase data Δt to generate a corresponding first resistance temperature T specifically includes:
acquiring first ambient temperature data T corresponding to real-time ambient temperature generation env The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the And based on the first temperature increase data DeltaT and the first ambient temperature data T env Estimating the temperature of the brake resistor in the current period to generate the first resistance temperature T, T=T env +△T。
Preferably, the traction converter identifies the protection command, and when the protection command is a blocking pulse command, the control pulse of the chopping branch corresponding to the braking resistor is blocked.
A second aspect of the embodiment of the present invention provides a system for implementing the method for protecting temperature estimation of a brake resistor of a railway vehicle according to the first aspect, where the system includes: the system comprises a traction converter, a fast operation unit, a slow operation unit and a network interface;
the traction converter includes a braking resistor;
the fast operation unit is used for passing through the traction converter in the current acquisition periodContinuously acquiring the real-time duty ratio of the direct current bus instantaneous voltage, the chopper branch instantaneous current and the chopper branch control pulse corresponding to the brake resistor to obtain a first acquisition data set; and performing estimated parameter preparation processing according to the first acquired data set to generate a corresponding first voltage parameter u 1 First current parameter i 1 And a first duty cycle voltage parameter DU 1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the And the first voltage parameter u 1 The first current parameter i 1 And the first duty cycle voltage parameter DU 1 Transmitting to the slow operation unit;
the slow operation unit is used for controlling the first voltage parameter u 1 The first current parameter i 1 And the first duty cycle voltage parameter DU 1 Generating corresponding first power P by performing real-time power estimation of the brake resistor in the current period 1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the And according to the first power P 1 Performing temperature rise estimation of the brake resistor in the period to generate corresponding first temperature rise data delta T; according to the first temperature rise data DeltaT, the temperature of the brake resistor in the cycle is estimated to generate a corresponding first resistance temperature T; judging whether the first resistance temperature T exceeds a preset temperature threshold value, if so, sending a protection instruction to the traction converter, and controlling the traction converter to perform corresponding protection operation;
the traction converter is used for identifying the protection instruction and executing a corresponding protection operation flow according to the identification result;
the slow operation unit is also used for acquiring real-time environment temperature and real-time speed of the railway vehicle from a control system of the railway vehicle through the network interface; the network interface is connected with the slow operation unit through a multifunctional vehicle bus communication or an Ethernet communication mode.
Preferably, the brake resistor is specifically an internal brake resistor component of the traction converter or an external brake resistor component of the traction converter;
the working period duration of the fast operation unit is t f The sum ofThe working period duration of the slow operation unit is t s ，t s And t f In integer multiple relation, t s ＝n*t f N is a positive integer; the duration of the acquisition period is consistent with the duration of the working period of the slow operation unit and is t s 。
According to the method and the system for protecting the temperature estimation of the brake resistor of the railway vehicle, the temperature of the brake resistor is estimated in a continuous iteration mode, the real-time power of the brake resistor is obtained firstly based on the real-time direct-current bus instantaneous voltage, the chopper branch instantaneous current and the real-time duty ratio of the chopper branch control pulse, then the current temperature rising data is estimated based on the power estimation result and the temperature rising information estimated in the previous time, and then the real-time temperature estimation result of the current brake resistor is further obtained based on the real-time environment temperature and the current temperature rising estimation result; and judging whether the real-time temperature estimation result exceeds a set threshold value or not after the real-time temperature estimation result is obtained, and further controlling the traction converter to perform corresponding protection operation if the real-time temperature estimation result exceeds the threshold value. According to the invention, on the premise of not additionally adding other measuring equipment, the real-time temperature information of the brake resistor can be obtained, and the stable operation of the brake resistor is effectively ensured.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a temperature estimation protection method for a brake resistor of a railway vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a topology structure diagram of a dc link according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a temperature estimation protection system for a brake resistor of a railway vehicle according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to like or similar elements or elements having like or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are illustrative and intended to explain the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a temperature estimation protection method for a brake resistor of a railway vehicle according to a first embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, the method includes the following steps:
step 1, continuously acquiring the instantaneous voltage of a direct current bus of a traction converter where a brake resistor is located, the instantaneous current of a chopping branch and the real-time duty ratio of a control pulse of the chopping branch in a current acquisition period to obtain a first acquisition data set;
wherein the first acquired dataset comprises a plurality of first data sets; the first data set includes a first instantaneous voltage u meas First instantaneous current i meas And a first real-time duty cycle D meas 。
Here, as shown in fig. 2, which is a topological structure diagram of a dc link provided in the first embodiment of the present invention, the connection relationship between the braking resistor and the chopper branch of the traction converter is that the braking resistor (braking resistor 1, 2) is connected with the ground point in a resistive manner between one side of the power switching device (chopper 1, 2) of the dc link chopper branch (the branch where the chopper 1, 2 is located); the instantaneous voltage of the dc bus, i.e. the first instantaneous voltage u in the diagram meas The instantaneous current of the chopper branch, i.e. the first instantaneous current i in the diagram meas The real-time duty cycle of the chopper branch control pulse may be obtained at the vehicle control system.
Step 2, performing estimation parameter preparation processing according to the first acquired data set to generate a corresponding first voltage parameter u 1 First current parameter i 1 And a first duty cycle voltage parameter DU 1 ；
The method specifically comprises the following steps: step 21, for all first instantaneous voltages u of the first acquired data set meas Average value calculation is carried out to generate a first voltage parameter u 1 ；
Here, it is actually that the first instantaneous voltages u are meas Performing primary average filtering on the formed single-period voltage variation signal;
step 22, for all first instantaneous currents i of the first acquired data set meas Average value calculation is carried out to generate a first current parameter i 1 ；
Here, it is actually for a plurality of first instantaneous currents i meas Performing primary average filtering on the formed single-period current change signal;
step 23, according to the first instantaneous voltage u of each first data set meas And a first real-time duty cycle D meas Calculating to generate a corresponding first result s, s=d meas *(u meas ) 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the And performing average value calculation on all the obtained first results s to generate a first duty ratio voltage parameter DU 1 。
Here, the first duty cycle voltage parameter DU 1 The comparison current will be calculated for the subsequent step.
Step 3, according to the first voltage parameter u 1 First current parameter i 1 And a first duty cycle voltage parameter DU 1 Generating corresponding first power P by performing real-time power estimation of the brake resistor in the current period 1 ；
The method specifically comprises the following steps: step 31, acquiring a brake resistor temperature estimation result of a previous acquisition period, and generating a corresponding previous resistance temperature T';
here, because the present invention estimates the brake resistor temperature in a continuous iterative manner, each acquisition cycle corresponds to an iterative process, and each iterative process outputs two settlement results: a current temperature rise estimation result and a current resistance temperature estimation result; correspondingly, the previous resistance temperature T' is the resistance temperature estimation result generated in the previous iteration; it should be noted that, if the current acquisition period is the first acquisition period, that is, the current iteration is the first iteration process, in order to avoid the iteration process being too long, the previous resistance temperature T' may be set to a larger value that does not exceed the specified temperature control threshold range by default;
step 32, according to the previous resistance temperature T', inquiring a first corresponding relation table reflecting the corresponding relation between the resistance temperature and the resistance value, the thermal resistance value and the heat capacity value to obtain a corresponding first resistance value R 1 ’；
The first corresponding relation table comprises a plurality of first corresponding relation records; the first corresponding relation record comprises a first resistance temperature field, a first resistance value field, a first thermal resistance value field and a first heat capacity value field; the temperature information in the first resistance temperature field is a temperature range information;
when a first corresponding relation table reflecting the corresponding relation between the resistance temperature and the resistance value, the thermal resistance value and the heat capacity value is inquired according to the previous resistance temperature T', all first corresponding relation records of the first corresponding relation table are polled, and the currently polled first corresponding relation record is recorded as a current record; if the previous resistance temperature T 'meets the temperature range of the first resistance temperature field of the current record, extracting the first resistance value field of the current record as a corresponding first resistance value R' 1 And ending all polling; if the previous resistance temperature T' does not meet the temperature range of the first resistance temperature field recorded currently, transferring to the next first corresponding relation record to continue polling;
step 33, according to the first voltage parameter u 1 First duty cycle voltage parameter DU 1 And a first resistance value R' 1 Calculating to generate a second current parameter i 2 ，
Here, the second current parameter i 2 The current information is calculated based on the duty ratio of the chopper branch control pulse;
step 34, calculating a first current parameter i 1 And a second current parameter i 2 Generates a corresponding first current difference, and if the first current difference is within a preset reasonable difference range, generates a first current parameter i 1 As a preferred current parameter i g If the first current difference is out of the reasonable differential range, the second current parameter i is obtained 2 As a preferred current parameter i g ；
It should be noted that, if the first current difference is out of the reasonable differential range, the implementation of the invention also can early warn the chopper branch faults corresponding to the brake resistor;
here, no failure or occurrence of a fault occurs in the chopper branch corresponding to the brake resistorTheoretical current, i.e. second current parameter i, when the braking resistor is not malfunctioning 2 Should be consistent with the actual current, i.e. the first current parameter i 1 Should be very close, i.e. the first current difference should be within a preset reasonable difference range, where the temperature estimation for the subsequent step is closer to the true value, preferably the actual current, i.e. the first current parameter i 1 As a preferred current parameter i g Taking part in temperature estimation in the subsequent steps; however, in the event of a fault in the chopper branch or in the braking resistor, the setpoint current, i.e. the second current parameter i 2 And the actual current, i.e. the first current parameter i 1 The current difference of (2) tends to exceed the reasonable differential range, and in this case, in order not to interrupt the overall iterative process, the embodiment of the invention adopts the theoretical current, namely the second current parameter i 2 As a preferred current parameter i g The temperature estimation in the subsequent step is participated, and meanwhile, the embodiment of the invention immediately carries out early warning on the fault of the chopping branch corresponding to the braking resistor;
step 35, according to the first voltage parameter u 1 And preferably the current parameter i g Estimating the real-time power of the brake resistor in the current period to generate a first power P 1 ，P 1 ＝i g ×u 1 。
Step 4, according to the first power P 1 Performing temperature rise estimation of the brake resistor in the period to generate corresponding first temperature rise data delta T;
the method specifically comprises the following steps: step 41, obtaining a brake resistor temperature rise estimation result of a previous acquisition period, and generating corresponding previous temperature rise data DeltaT'; the method comprises the steps of obtaining the real-time speed of a current railway vehicle to generate a corresponding first vehicle speed v;
here, as described above, each iteration process outputs two settlement results: a current temperature rise estimation result and a current resistance temperature estimation result; correspondingly, the previous heating data DeltaT' is the heating estimation result generated in the previous iteration; it should be noted that, if the current acquisition period is the first acquisition period, the previous heating data Δt' may be set to 0 or a higher value within a preset normal heating data range, and default setting may be set to a higher value within the normal heating data range, so that the default setting manner is to report fault early warning information as soon as possible in the case that there is a problem in initial power-up or initial operation;
step 42, inquiring the first corresponding relation table according to the previous resistance temperature T 'to obtain a corresponding first thermal resistance value R' 2 And a first heat capacity value C' 1 ；
Here, a first corresponding relation table is queried according to the previous resistance temperature T 'to obtain a corresponding first thermal resistance value R' 2 And a first heat capacity value C' 1 When the method is used, all first corresponding relation records of the first corresponding relation table are polled, and the currently polled first corresponding relation record is recorded as a current record; if the previous resistance temperature T ' meets the temperature range of the first resistance temperature field of the current record, extracting the first thermal resistance value field and the first heat capacity value field of the current record as corresponding first thermal resistance values R ' ' 2 And a first heat capacity value C' 1 And ending all polling; if the previous resistance temperature T' does not meet the temperature range of the first resistance temperature field recorded currently, transferring to the next first corresponding relation record to continue polling;
step 43, according to the first vehicle speed v, inquiring a second corresponding relation table reflecting the corresponding relation between the real-time vehicle speed and the vehicle speed coefficient to obtain a corresponding first vehicle speed coefficient k; and according to the first vehicle speed coefficient k and the first thermal resistance value R' 2 Calculating to obtain a second thermal resistance value R' 3 ，R’ 3 ＝k*R’ 2 ；
The second corresponding relation table comprises a plurality of second corresponding relation records; the second correspondence record comprises a first vehicle speed field and a first vehicle speed coefficient field; the vehicle speed information in the first vehicle speed field is a vehicle speed range information and has the directionality of forward running and reverse running, and specifically, the vehicle speed is positive when the forward running is performed, and the vehicle speed is negative when the reverse running is performed;
here, when a second corresponding relation table reflecting the corresponding relation between the real-time vehicle speed and the vehicle speed coefficient is queried according to the first vehicle speed v to obtain a corresponding first vehicle speed coefficient k, all second corresponding relation records of the second corresponding relation table are polled, and the second corresponding relation record currently polled is recorded as a current record; if the first vehicle speed v meets the vehicle speed range of the first vehicle speed field of the current record, extracting the first vehicle speed coefficient field of the current record as a corresponding first vehicle speed coefficient k, and ending all polling; if the first vehicle speed v does not meet the vehicle speed range of the first vehicle speed field of the current record, transferring to the next second corresponding relation record to continue polling;
first thermal resistance value R' 2 For the calibration thermal resistance of the brake resistor, a second thermal resistance value R' 3 The real-time thermal resistance is generated by increasing, decreasing and fine-tuning the calibration thermal resistance based on the real-time speed and the running direction;
step 44, according to the first power P 1 The previous temperature rise data DeltaT ', the second thermal resistance value R' 3 And a first heat capacity value C' 1 The temperature rise data of the brake resistor in the present period is estimated to generate first temperature rise data DeltaT,t s is the duration of a preset single acquisition period.
Here, the braking resistor generates heat, i.e. the first power P 1 Subtracting the heat balance power, i.eI.e. the heating power that causes the brake resistor to continue to heat up, multiplied by the duration t of a single iteration period s The energy loss resulting in the temperature rise of the brake resistor can be obtained by dividing the energy loss by the brake resistance heat capacity, i.e. the first heat capacity value C' 1 The difference between the temperature rise data of the current iteration cycle and the temperature rise data of the previous iteration cycle, namely delta T-delta T', can be obtained based on the above deduction>And thus calculate the temperature rise data of the iterative process, namely the first temperature rise numberAccording to DeltaT.
Step 5, according to the first temperature rise data DeltaT, performing temperature estimation of the brake resistor in the cycle to generate a corresponding first resistance temperature T;
the method specifically comprises the following steps: acquiring first ambient temperature data T corresponding to real-time ambient temperature generation env The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the And based on the first temperature increase data DeltaT and the first ambient temperature data T env Estimating the temperature of the brake resistor of the present cycle generates a first resistance temperature T, t=t env +△T。
And 6, judging whether the first resistance temperature T exceeds a preset temperature threshold, if so, sending a protection instruction to the traction converter, and controlling the traction converter to perform corresponding protection operation.
In the iterative process corresponding to each acquisition period, the obtained resistance temperature estimation result of the brake resistor, namely the first resistance temperature T, is judged, and the brake resistor and the chopping branch associated with the brake resistor are protected based on the judgment result, so that the purpose of monitoring and protecting the brake resistor in real time can be achieved.
It should be noted that, the traction converter identifies the protection instruction and executes a corresponding protection flow according to the identification result; the protection instruction can be of various instruction types, and the processing procedure of the traction converter when the protection instruction is one of the instruction types, namely the blocking pulse instruction is as follows: the traction converter identifies a protection instruction, and when the protection instruction is a blocking pulse instruction, the control pulse of the chopping branch corresponding to the braking resistor is blocked.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a temperature estimation protection system for a brake resistor of a railway vehicle according to a second embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 3, the system includes: traction converter 101, fast operation unit 102, slow operation unit 103, and network interface 104.
Traction converter 101 includes a braking resistor.
Here, the brake resistor is specifically an internal brake resistor component of traction converter 101, and may be an external brake resistor component of traction converter 101.
The fast operation unit 102 is configured to continuously acquire, in a current acquisition period, a direct current bus instantaneous voltage, a chopper branch instantaneous current, and a real-time duty ratio of a chopper branch control pulse, which correspond to the brake resistor, through the traction converter 101, so as to obtain a first acquired data set; and performing estimated parameter preparation processing according to the first acquired data set to generate a corresponding first voltage parameter u 1 First current parameter i 1 And a first duty cycle voltage parameter DU 1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the And the first voltage parameter u 1 First current parameter i 1 And a first duty cycle voltage parameter DU 1 To the slow arithmetic unit 103.
The slow operation unit 103 is used for calculating a first voltage parameter u 1 First current parameter i 1 And a first duty cycle voltage parameter DU 1 Generating corresponding first power P by performing real-time power estimation of the brake resistor in the current period 1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the And according to the first power P 1 Performing temperature rise estimation of the brake resistor in the period to generate corresponding first temperature rise data delta T; according to the first temperature rise data DeltaT, the temperature of the brake resistor in the cycle is estimated to generate a corresponding first resistance temperature T; and judging whether the first resistance temperature T exceeds a preset temperature threshold, if so, sending a protection instruction to the traction converter 101, and controlling the traction converter 101 to perform corresponding protection operation.
It should be noted that the duty cycle duration of the fast operation unit 102 is t f The duty cycle duration of the slow operation unit 103 is t s ，t s And t f In integer multiple relation, t s ＝n*t f N is a positive integer; the duration of the acquisition period is t consistent with the duration of the working period of the slow operation unit 103 s 。
The traction converter 101 is configured to identify the protection instruction, and execute a corresponding protection operation procedure according to the identification result.
The slow operation unit 103 is further used for acquiring real-time environment temperature and real-time speed of the rail vehicle from a control system of the rail vehicle through the network interface 104; the network interface 104 is connected to the slow operation unit 103 by a multifunction vehicle bus communication or an ethernet communication.
The temperature estimation protection system for the brake resistor of the railway vehicle provided by the second embodiment of the present invention can execute the method steps in the above method embodiment, and its implementation principle and technical effects are similar, and will not be described herein.
In summary, the technical solution of the method and the system for protecting the temperature estimation of the brake resistor of the railway vehicle provided by the embodiment of the invention at least has the following technical effects or advantages: 1. the method has the advantages that a real-time iterative model for calculating the temperature rise of the brake resistor is built, the temperature rise of the resistor is calculated in real time according to the power loss, the thermal resistance and the heat capacity of the resistor, and the real-time temperature of the brake resistor is calculated by combining the environmental temperature; 2. the calculation of the power loss of the resistor according to the invention is based on the chopper voltage and current information of the traction converter, and the result (first current parameter i 1 And a second current parameter i 2 ) If comparison finds that the chopper and the brake resistor are damaged by sensors or lines, the protection force of the brake resistor is improved; 3. in the temperature estimation iterative model provided by the invention, the resistance value of the resistor, the heat capacity value of the resistor and the thermal resistance value of the resistor all consider the temperature coefficient (namely the temperature influence effect) of the device, and the thermal resistance value of the resistor also considers the influence of different train directions and different train running speeds (first train speed coefficient k) on the thermal resistance of the resistor on the basis of the characteristic parameters of the resistor. Compared with the conventional measurement method using the external temperature measurement equipment, the method does not need to add equipment, is not influenced by external measurement environment, and can continuously obtain real-time estimation information through three-way circulation iteration, so that the continuous monitoring and protection effects on the temperature of the brake resistor can be better realized.
Those of skill would further appreciate that the various illustrative elements and algorithm steps described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented as electronic hardware, computer software, or combinations of both, and that the various illustrative elements and steps are described above generally in terms of function in order to clearly illustrate the interchangeability of hardware and software. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the solution. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality in varying ways for each particular application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as causing a departure from the scope of the present invention.
The steps of a method or algorithm described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be embodied in hardware, in a software module executed by a processor, or in a combination of the two. The software modules may be disposed in Random Access Memory (RAM), memory, read Only Memory (ROM), electrically programmable ROM, electrically erasable programmable ROM, registers, hard disk, a removable disk, a CD-ROM, or any other form of storage medium known in the art.
The foregoing description of the embodiments has been provided for the purpose of illustrating the general principles of the invention, and is not meant to limit the scope of the invention, but to limit the invention to the particular embodiments, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements, etc. that fall within the spirit and principles of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. A method for protecting a brake resistor of a railway vehicle by temperature estimation, the method comprising:
continuously acquiring the instantaneous voltage of a direct current bus of a traction converter where a brake resistor is positioned, the instantaneous current of a chopping branch and the real-time duty ratio of a control pulse of the chopping branch in a current acquisition period to obtain a first acquisition data set;
performing estimated parameter preparation processing according to the first acquired data set to generate a corresponding first voltage parameter u 1 First current parameter i 1 And a first duty cycle voltage parameter DU 1 ；
According to the first voltage parameter u 1 The first current parameter i 1 And the first duty cycle voltage parameter DU 1 Generating corresponding first power P by performing real-time power estimation of the brake resistor in the current period 1 ；
According to the first power P 1 Performing temperature rise estimation of the brake resistor in the period to generate corresponding first temperature rise data delta T;
according to the first temperature rise data DeltaT, performing temperature estimation of the brake resistor in the cycle to generate a corresponding first resistance temperature T;
judging whether the first resistance temperature T exceeds a preset temperature threshold value, if so, sending a protection instruction to the traction converter, and controlling the traction converter to perform corresponding protection operation;
wherein the first voltage parameter u is 1 The first current parameter i 1 And the first duty cycle voltage parameter DU 1 Generating corresponding first power P by performing real-time power estimation of the brake resistor in the current period 1 The method specifically comprises the following steps:
acquiring a brake resistor temperature estimation result of a previous acquisition period, and generating a corresponding previous resistor temperature T ’ ；
According to the previous resistance temperature T ’ Inquiring a first corresponding relation table reflecting the corresponding relation of the resistance temperature and the resistance value, the thermal resistance value and the heat capacity value to obtain a corresponding first resistance value R 1 ’ ；
According to the first voltage parameter u 1 The first duty cycle voltage parameter DU 1 And the first resistance value R' 1 Calculating to generate a second current parameter i 2 ，
Calculating the first current parameter i 1 And the second current parameter i 2 Generates a corresponding first current difference, and if the first current difference is within a preset reasonable difference range, generates a first current parameter i 1 As a means ofPreferably the current parameter i g If the first current difference is outside the reasonable difference range, the second current parameter i is obtained 2 As the preferred current parameter i g ；
According to the first voltage parameter u 1 And the preferred current parameter i g Estimating the real-time power of the brake resistor in the current period to generate the first power P 1 ，P 1 ＝i g ×u 1 ；
The method further comprises the steps of:
if the first current difference is out of the reasonable difference range, pre-warning the chopper branch fault corresponding to the brake resistor;
wherein the power P is according to the first power 1 The method for generating the corresponding first temperature rise data DeltaT by performing temperature rise estimation of the brake resistor in the cycle specifically comprises the following steps:
acquiring a heating estimation result of a brake resistor in a previous acquisition period, and generating corresponding previous heating data DeltaT'; the method comprises the steps of obtaining the real-time speed of a current railway vehicle to generate a corresponding first vehicle speed v;
inquiring the first corresponding relation table according to the previous resistance temperature T 'to obtain a corresponding first thermal resistance value R' 2 And a first heat capacity value C' 1 ；
According to the first vehicle speed v, inquiring a second corresponding relation table reflecting the corresponding relation between the real-time vehicle speed and the vehicle speed coefficient to obtain a corresponding first vehicle speed coefficient k; and according to the first vehicle speed coefficient k and the first thermal resistance value R' 2 Calculating to obtain a second thermal resistance value R' 3 ，R’ 3 ＝k*R’ 2 ；
According to the first power P 1 The previous temperature rise data DeltaT ', the second thermal resistance value R' 3 And the first heat capacity value C' 1 Estimating the temperature rise data of the brake resistor in the present period to generate the first temperature rise data DeltaT,t s for a preset single samplingThe duration of the set period.
2. The method for protecting a brake resistor temperature estimation of a railway vehicle according to claim 1,
the first acquired dataset comprises a plurality of first data sets; the first data set includes a first instantaneous voltage u meas First instantaneous current i meas And a first real-time duty cycle D meas 。
3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the step of preparing the estimated parameters from the first collected data set generates a corresponding first voltage parameter u 1 First current parameter i 1 And a first duty cycle voltage parameter DU 1 The method specifically comprises the following steps:
for all of the first instantaneous voltages u of the first collection of data meas Average calculation is carried out to generate the first voltage parameter u 1 ；
For all of the first instantaneous currents i of the first collection of data meas Average value calculation is carried out to generate the first current parameter i 1 ；
According to the first instantaneous voltage u of each first data set meas And the first real-time duty cycle D meas Calculating to generate a corresponding first result s, s=d meas *(u meas ) 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the And performing average calculation on all the obtained first results s to generate the first duty ratio voltage parameter DU 1 。
4. The method for protecting a brake resistor temperature estimation of a railway vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the step of performing the brake resistor temperature estimation of the present cycle according to the first temperature increase data Δt to generate a corresponding first resistance temperature T specifically includes:
acquiring first ambient temperature data T corresponding to real-time ambient temperature generation env The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the And based on the first temperature increase data DeltaT and the sumThe first ambient temperature data T env Estimating the temperature of the brake resistor in the current period to generate the first resistance temperature T, T=T env +△T。
5. The method for protecting a brake resistor temperature estimation of a railway vehicle according to claim 1,
and the traction converter identifies the protection instruction, and when the protection instruction is a blocking pulse instruction, the control pulse of the chopping branch corresponding to the braking resistor is blocked.
6. A system for implementing the rail vehicle brake resistor temperature estimation protection method of any one of claims 1-5, the system comprising: the system comprises a traction converter, a fast operation unit, a slow operation unit and a network interface;
the traction converter includes a braking resistor;
the rapid operation unit is used for continuously acquiring the direct current bus instantaneous voltage, the chopper branch instantaneous current and the real-time duty ratio of the chopper branch control pulse corresponding to the brake resistor through the traction converter in the current acquisition period to obtain a first acquisition data set; and performing estimated parameter preparation processing according to the first acquired data set to generate a corresponding first voltage parameter u 1 First current parameter i 1 And a first duty cycle voltage parameter DU 1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the And the first voltage parameter u 1 The first current parameter i 1 And the first duty cycle voltage parameter DU 1 Transmitting to the slow operation unit;
the slow operation unit is used for controlling the first voltage parameter u 1 The first current parameter i 1 And the first duty cycle voltage parameter DU 1 Generating corresponding first power P by performing real-time power estimation of the brake resistor in the current period 1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the And according to the first power P 1 Performing temperature rise estimation of the brake resistor in the period to generate corresponding first temperature rise data delta T; and according toThe first temperature rise data DeltaT are subjected to temperature estimation of the brake resistor in the cycle to generate a corresponding first resistance temperature T; judging whether the first resistance temperature T exceeds a preset temperature threshold value, if so, sending a protection instruction to the traction converter, and controlling the traction converter to perform corresponding protection operation;
the traction converter is used for identifying the protection instruction and executing a corresponding protection operation flow according to the identification result;
the slow operation unit is also used for acquiring real-time environment temperature and real-time speed of the railway vehicle from a control system of the railway vehicle through the network interface; the network interface is connected with the slow operation unit through a multifunctional vehicle bus communication or an Ethernet communication mode.
7. The system of claim 6, wherein the system further comprises a controller configured to control the controller,
the brake resistor is specifically an internal brake resistor component of the traction converter or an external brake resistor component of the traction converter;
the working period duration of the fast operation unit is t f The working period duration of the slow operation unit is t s ，t s And t f In integer multiple relation, t s ＝n*t f N is a positive integer; the duration of the acquisition period is consistent with the duration of the working period of the slow operation unit and is t s 。
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